1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
5 * helper functions for making synthetic files from sequences of records.
6 * initial implementation -- AV, Oct 2001.
10 #include <linux/export.h>
11 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
12 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
13 #include <linux/slab.h>
14 #include <linux/cred.h>
16 #include <linux/printk.h>
17 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
19 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 static void seq_set_overflow(struct seq_file *m)
27 static void *seq_buf_alloc(unsigned long size)
29 return kvmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
33 * seq_open - initialize sequential file
34 * @file: file we initialize
35 * @op: method table describing the sequence
37 * seq_open() sets @file, associating it with a sequence described
38 * by @op. @op->start() sets the iterator up and returns the first
39 * element of sequence. @op->stop() shuts it down. @op->next()
40 * returns the next element of sequence. @op->show() prints element
41 * into the buffer. In case of error ->start() and ->next() return
42 * ERR_PTR(error). In the end of sequence they return %NULL. ->show()
43 * returns 0 in case of success and negative number in case of error.
44 * Returning SEQ_SKIP means "discard this element and move on".
45 * Note: seq_open() will allocate a struct seq_file and store its
46 * pointer in @file->private_data. This pointer should not be modified.
48 int seq_open(struct file *file, const struct seq_operations *op)
52 WARN_ON(file->private_data);
54 p = kzalloc(sizeof(*p), GFP_KERNEL);
58 file->private_data = p;
63 // No refcounting: the lifetime of 'p' is constrained
64 // to the lifetime of the file.
68 * Wrappers around seq_open(e.g. swaps_open) need to be
69 * aware of this. If they set f_version themselves, they
70 * should call seq_open first and then set f_version.
75 * seq_files support lseek() and pread(). They do not implement
76 * write() at all, but we clear FMODE_PWRITE here for historical
79 * If a client of seq_files a) implements file.write() and b) wishes to
80 * support pwrite() then that client will need to implement its own
81 * file.open() which calls seq_open() and then sets FMODE_PWRITE.
83 file->f_mode &= ~FMODE_PWRITE;
86 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_open);
88 static int traverse(struct seq_file *m, loff_t offset)
90 loff_t pos = 0, index;
96 m->count = m->from = 0;
102 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size = PAGE_SIZE);
106 p = m->op->start(m, &index);
111 error = m->op->show(m, p);
114 if (unlikely(error)) {
118 if (seq_has_overflowed(m))
120 if (pos + m->count > offset) {
121 m->from = offset - pos;
133 p = m->op->next(m, p, &index);
143 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size <<= 1);
144 return !m->buf ? -ENOMEM : -EAGAIN;
148 * seq_read - ->read() method for sequential files.
149 * @file: the file to read from
150 * @buf: the buffer to read to
151 * @size: the maximum number of bytes to read
152 * @ppos: the current position in the file
154 * Ready-made ->f_op->read()
156 ssize_t seq_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
158 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
165 mutex_lock(&m->lock);
168 * seq_file->op->..m_start/m_stop/m_next may do special actions
169 * or optimisations based on the file->f_version, so we want to
170 * pass the file->f_version to those methods.
172 * seq_file->version is just copy of f_version, and seq_file
173 * methods can treat it simply as file version.
174 * It is copied in first and copied out after all operations.
175 * It is convenient to have it as part of structure to avoid the
176 * need of passing another argument to all the seq_file methods.
178 m->version = file->f_version;
181 * if request is to read from zero offset, reset iterator to first
182 * record as it might have been already advanced by previous requests
187 /* Don't assume *ppos is where we left it */
188 if (unlikely(*ppos != m->read_pos)) {
189 while ((err = traverse(m, *ppos)) == -EAGAIN)
192 /* With prejudice... */
203 /* grab buffer if we didn't have one */
205 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size = PAGE_SIZE);
209 /* if not empty - flush it first */
211 n = min(m->count, size);
212 err = copy_to_user(buf, m->buf + m->from, n);
227 /* we need at least one record in buffer */
229 p = m->op->start(m, &pos);
234 err = m->op->show(m, p);
239 if (unlikely(!m->count)) {
240 p = m->op->next(m, p, &pos);
244 if (m->count < m->size)
249 m->buf = seq_buf_alloc(m->size <<= 1);
254 p = m->op->start(m, &pos);
260 /* they want more? let's try to get some more */
261 while (m->count < size) {
262 size_t offs = m->count;
264 p = m->op->next(m, p, &next);
265 if (!p || IS_ERR(p)) {
269 err = m->op->show(m, p);
270 if (seq_has_overflowed(m) || err) {
272 if (likely(err <= 0))
278 n = min(m->count, size);
279 err = copy_to_user(buf, m->buf, n);
294 m->read_pos += copied;
296 file->f_version = m->version;
297 mutex_unlock(&m->lock);
306 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_read);
309 * seq_lseek - ->llseek() method for sequential files.
310 * @file: the file in question
311 * @offset: new position
312 * @whence: 0 for absolute, 1 for relative position
314 * Ready-made ->f_op->llseek()
316 loff_t seq_lseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
318 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
319 loff_t retval = -EINVAL;
321 mutex_lock(&m->lock);
322 m->version = file->f_version;
325 offset += file->f_pos;
330 if (offset != m->read_pos) {
331 while ((retval = traverse(m, offset)) == -EAGAIN)
334 /* with extreme prejudice... */
341 m->read_pos = offset;
342 retval = file->f_pos = offset;
345 file->f_pos = offset;
348 file->f_version = m->version;
349 mutex_unlock(&m->lock);
352 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_lseek);
355 * seq_release - free the structures associated with sequential file.
356 * @file: file in question
359 * Frees the structures associated with sequential file; can be used
360 * as ->f_op->release() if you don't have private data to destroy.
362 int seq_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
364 struct seq_file *m = file->private_data;
369 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_release);
372 * seq_escape - print string into buffer, escaping some characters
375 * @esc: set of characters that need escaping
377 * Puts string into buffer, replacing each occurrence of character from
378 * @esc with usual octal escape.
379 * Use seq_has_overflowed() to check for errors.
381 void seq_escape(struct seq_file *m, const char *s, const char *esc)
384 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
387 ret = string_escape_str(s, buf, size, ESCAPE_OCTAL, esc);
388 seq_commit(m, ret < size ? ret : -1);
390 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_escape);
392 void seq_vprintf(struct seq_file *m, const char *f, va_list args)
396 if (m->count < m->size) {
397 len = vsnprintf(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, f, args);
398 if (m->count + len < m->size) {
405 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_vprintf);
407 void seq_printf(struct seq_file *m, const char *f, ...)
412 seq_vprintf(m, f, args);
415 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_printf);
418 * mangle_path - mangle and copy path to buffer beginning
420 * @p: beginning of path in above buffer
421 * @esc: set of characters that need escaping
423 * Copy the path from @p to @s, replacing each occurrence of character from
424 * @esc with usual octal escape.
425 * Returns pointer past last written character in @s, or NULL in case of
428 char *mangle_path(char *s, const char *p, const char *esc)
434 } else if (!strchr(esc, c)) {
436 } else if (s + 4 > p) {
440 *s++ = '0' + ((c & 0300) >> 6);
441 *s++ = '0' + ((c & 070) >> 3);
442 *s++ = '0' + (c & 07);
447 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mangle_path);
450 * seq_path - seq_file interface to print a pathname
451 * @m: the seq_file handle
452 * @path: the struct path to print
453 * @esc: set of characters to escape in the output
455 * return the absolute path of 'path', as represented by the
456 * dentry / mnt pair in the path parameter.
458 int seq_path(struct seq_file *m, const struct path *path, const char *esc)
461 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
465 char *p = d_path(path, buf, size);
467 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
476 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_path);
479 * seq_file_path - seq_file interface to print a pathname of a file
480 * @m: the seq_file handle
481 * @file: the struct file to print
482 * @esc: set of characters to escape in the output
484 * return the absolute path to the file.
486 int seq_file_path(struct seq_file *m, struct file *file, const char *esc)
488 return seq_path(m, &file->f_path, esc);
490 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_file_path);
493 * Same as seq_path, but relative to supplied root.
495 int seq_path_root(struct seq_file *m, const struct path *path,
496 const struct path *root, const char *esc)
499 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
500 int res = -ENAMETOOLONG;
505 p = __d_path(path, root, buf, size);
510 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
519 return res < 0 && res != -ENAMETOOLONG ? res : 0;
523 * returns the path of the 'dentry' from the root of its filesystem.
525 int seq_dentry(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *dentry, const char *esc)
528 size_t size = seq_get_buf(m, &buf);
532 char *p = dentry_path(dentry, buf, size);
534 char *end = mangle_path(buf, p, esc);
543 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_dentry);
545 static void *single_start(struct seq_file *p, loff_t *pos)
547 return NULL + (*pos == 0);
550 static void *single_next(struct seq_file *p, void *v, loff_t *pos)
556 static void single_stop(struct seq_file *p, void *v)
560 int single_open(struct file *file, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
563 struct seq_operations *op = kmalloc(sizeof(*op), GFP_KERNEL);
567 op->start = single_start;
568 op->next = single_next;
569 op->stop = single_stop;
571 res = seq_open(file, op);
573 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->private = data;
579 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_open);
581 int single_open_size(struct file *file, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *),
582 void *data, size_t size)
584 char *buf = seq_buf_alloc(size);
588 ret = single_open(file, show, data);
593 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->buf = buf;
594 ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->size = size;
597 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_open_size);
599 int single_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
601 const struct seq_operations *op = ((struct seq_file *)file->private_data)->op;
602 int res = seq_release(inode, file);
606 EXPORT_SYMBOL(single_release);
608 int seq_release_private(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
610 struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
614 return seq_release(inode, file);
616 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_release_private);
618 void *__seq_open_private(struct file *f, const struct seq_operations *ops,
623 struct seq_file *seq;
625 private = kzalloc(psize, GFP_KERNEL);
629 rc = seq_open(f, ops);
633 seq = f->private_data;
634 seq->private = private;
642 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__seq_open_private);
644 int seq_open_private(struct file *filp, const struct seq_operations *ops,
647 return __seq_open_private(filp, ops, psize) ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
649 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_open_private);
651 void seq_putc(struct seq_file *m, char c)
653 if (m->count >= m->size)
656 m->buf[m->count++] = c;
658 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_putc);
660 void seq_puts(struct seq_file *m, const char *s)
664 if (m->count + len >= m->size) {
668 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, s, len);
671 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_puts);
674 * A helper routine for putting decimal numbers without rich format of printf().
675 * only 'unsigned long long' is supported.
676 * This routine will put strlen(delimiter) + number into seq_file.
677 * This routine is very quick when you show lots of numbers.
678 * In usual cases, it will be better to use seq_printf(). It's easier to read.
680 void seq_put_decimal_ull(struct seq_file *m, const char *delimiter,
681 unsigned long long num)
685 if (m->count + 2 >= m->size) /* we'll write 2 bytes at least */
688 len = strlen(delimiter);
689 if (m->count + len >= m->size)
692 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, delimiter, len);
695 if (m->count + 1 >= m->size)
699 m->buf[m->count++] = num + '0';
703 len = num_to_str(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, num);
713 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_put_decimal_ull);
715 void seq_put_decimal_ll(struct seq_file *m, const char *delimiter, long long num)
719 if (m->count + 3 >= m->size) /* we'll write 2 bytes at least */
722 len = strlen(delimiter);
723 if (m->count + len >= m->size)
726 memcpy(m->buf + m->count, delimiter, len);
729 if (m->count + 2 >= m->size)
733 m->buf[m->count++] = '-';
738 m->buf[m->count++] = num + '0';
742 len = num_to_str(m->buf + m->count, m->size - m->count, num);
752 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_put_decimal_ll);
755 * seq_write - write arbitrary data to buffer
756 * @seq: seq_file identifying the buffer to which data should be written
757 * @data: data address
758 * @len: number of bytes
760 * Return 0 on success, non-zero otherwise.
762 int seq_write(struct seq_file *seq, const void *data, size_t len)
764 if (seq->count + len < seq->size) {
765 memcpy(seq->buf + seq->count, data, len);
769 seq_set_overflow(seq);
772 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_write);
775 * seq_pad - write padding spaces to buffer
776 * @m: seq_file identifying the buffer to which data should be written
777 * @c: the byte to append after padding if non-zero
779 void seq_pad(struct seq_file *m, char c)
781 int size = m->pad_until - m->count;
783 seq_printf(m, "%*s", size, "");
787 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_pad);
789 /* A complete analogue of print_hex_dump() */
790 void seq_hex_dump(struct seq_file *m, const char *prefix_str, int prefix_type,
791 int rowsize, int groupsize, const void *buf, size_t len,
795 int i, linelen, remaining = len;
800 if (rowsize != 16 && rowsize != 32)
803 for (i = 0; i < len && !seq_has_overflowed(m); i += rowsize) {
804 linelen = min(remaining, rowsize);
805 remaining -= rowsize;
807 switch (prefix_type) {
808 case DUMP_PREFIX_ADDRESS:
809 seq_printf(m, "%s%p: ", prefix_str, ptr + i);
811 case DUMP_PREFIX_OFFSET:
812 seq_printf(m, "%s%.8x: ", prefix_str, i);
815 seq_printf(m, "%s", prefix_str);
819 size = seq_get_buf(m, &buffer);
820 ret = hex_dump_to_buffer(ptr + i, linelen, rowsize, groupsize,
821 buffer, size, ascii);
822 seq_commit(m, ret < size ? ret : -1);
827 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hex_dump);
829 struct list_head *seq_list_start(struct list_head *head, loff_t pos)
831 struct list_head *lh;
833 list_for_each(lh, head)
839 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_start);
841 struct list_head *seq_list_start_head(struct list_head *head, loff_t pos)
846 return seq_list_start(head, pos - 1);
848 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_start_head);
850 struct list_head *seq_list_next(void *v, struct list_head *head, loff_t *ppos)
852 struct list_head *lh;
854 lh = ((struct list_head *)v)->next;
856 return lh == head ? NULL : lh;
858 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_list_next);
861 * seq_hlist_start - start an iteration of a hlist
862 * @head: the head of the hlist
863 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
865 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
867 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start(struct hlist_head *head, loff_t pos)
869 struct hlist_node *node;
871 hlist_for_each(node, head)
876 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start);
879 * seq_hlist_start_head - start an iteration of a hlist
880 * @head: the head of the hlist
881 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
883 * Called at seq_file->op->start(). Call this function if you want to
884 * print a header at the top of the output.
886 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_head(struct hlist_head *head, loff_t pos)
889 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
891 return seq_hlist_start(head, pos - 1);
893 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_head);
896 * seq_hlist_next - move to the next position of the hlist
897 * @v: the current iterator
898 * @head: the head of the hlist
899 * @ppos: the current position
901 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
903 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_next(void *v, struct hlist_head *head,
906 struct hlist_node *node = v;
909 if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
914 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next);
917 * seq_hlist_start_rcu - start an iteration of a hlist protected by RCU
918 * @head: the head of the hlist
919 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
921 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
923 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
924 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
925 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
927 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_rcu(struct hlist_head *head,
930 struct hlist_node *node;
932 __hlist_for_each_rcu(node, head)
937 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_rcu);
940 * seq_hlist_start_head_rcu - start an iteration of a hlist protected by RCU
941 * @head: the head of the hlist
942 * @pos: the start position of the sequence
944 * Called at seq_file->op->start(). Call this function if you want to
945 * print a header at the top of the output.
947 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
948 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
949 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
951 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_start_head_rcu(struct hlist_head *head,
955 return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
957 return seq_hlist_start_rcu(head, pos - 1);
959 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_head_rcu);
962 * seq_hlist_next_rcu - move to the next position of the hlist protected by RCU
963 * @v: the current iterator
964 * @head: the head of the hlist
965 * @ppos: the current position
967 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
969 * This list-traversal primitive may safely run concurrently with
970 * the _rcu list-mutation primitives such as hlist_add_head_rcu()
971 * as long as the traversal is guarded by rcu_read_lock().
973 struct hlist_node *seq_hlist_next_rcu(void *v,
974 struct hlist_head *head,
977 struct hlist_node *node = v;
980 if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
981 return rcu_dereference(head->first);
983 return rcu_dereference(node->next);
985 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next_rcu);
988 * seq_hlist_start_precpu - start an iteration of a percpu hlist array
989 * @head: pointer to percpu array of struct hlist_heads
990 * @cpu: pointer to cpu "cursor"
991 * @pos: start position of sequence
993 * Called at seq_file->op->start().
996 seq_hlist_start_percpu(struct hlist_head __percpu *head, int *cpu, loff_t pos)
998 struct hlist_node *node;
1000 for_each_possible_cpu(*cpu) {
1001 hlist_for_each(node, per_cpu_ptr(head, *cpu)) {
1008 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_start_percpu);
1011 * seq_hlist_next_percpu - move to the next position of the percpu hlist array
1012 * @v: pointer to current hlist_node
1013 * @head: pointer to percpu array of struct hlist_heads
1014 * @cpu: pointer to cpu "cursor"
1015 * @pos: start position of sequence
1017 * Called at seq_file->op->next().
1020 seq_hlist_next_percpu(void *v, struct hlist_head __percpu *head,
1021 int *cpu, loff_t *pos)
1023 struct hlist_node *node = v;
1030 for (*cpu = cpumask_next(*cpu, cpu_possible_mask); *cpu < nr_cpu_ids;
1031 *cpu = cpumask_next(*cpu, cpu_possible_mask)) {
1032 struct hlist_head *bucket = per_cpu_ptr(head, *cpu);
1034 if (!hlist_empty(bucket))
1035 return bucket->first;
1039 EXPORT_SYMBOL(seq_hlist_next_percpu);