1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
3 * Copyright (C) 2016 Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
8 #include "xfs_shared.h"
9 #include "xfs_format.h"
10 #include "xfs_log_format.h"
11 #include "xfs_trans_resv.h"
12 #include "xfs_mount.h"
13 #include "xfs_alloc.h"
14 #include "xfs_errortag.h"
15 #include "xfs_error.h"
16 #include "xfs_trace.h"
17 #include "xfs_trans.h"
18 #include "xfs_rmap_btree.h"
19 #include "xfs_btree.h"
20 #include "xfs_refcount_btree.h"
21 #include "xfs_ialloc_btree.h"
23 #include "xfs_ag_resv.h"
26 * Per-AG Block Reservations
28 * For some kinds of allocation group metadata structures, it is advantageous
29 * to reserve a small number of blocks in each AG so that future expansions of
30 * that data structure do not encounter ENOSPC because errors during a btree
31 * split cause the filesystem to go offline.
33 * Prior to the introduction of reflink, this wasn't an issue because the free
34 * space btrees maintain a reserve of space (the AGFL) to handle any expansion
35 * that may be necessary; and allocations of other metadata (inodes, BMBT,
36 * dir/attr) aren't restricted to a single AG. However, with reflink it is
37 * possible to allocate all the space in an AG, have subsequent reflink/CoW
38 * activity expand the refcount btree, and discover that there's no space left
39 * to handle that expansion. Since we can calculate the maximum size of the
40 * refcount btree, we can reserve space for it and avoid ENOSPC.
42 * Handling per-AG reservations consists of three changes to the allocator's
43 * behavior: First, because these reservations are always needed, we decrease
44 * the ag_max_usable counter to reflect the size of the AG after the reserved
45 * blocks are taken. Second, the reservations must be reflected in the
46 * fdblocks count to maintain proper accounting. Third, each AG must maintain
47 * its own reserved block counter so that we can calculate the amount of space
48 * that must remain free to maintain the reservations. Fourth, the "remaining
49 * reserved blocks" count must be used when calculating the length of the
50 * longest free extent in an AG and to clamp maxlen in the per-AG allocation
51 * functions. In other words, we maintain a virtual allocation via in-core
52 * accounting tricks so that we don't have to clean up after a crash. :)
54 * Reserved blocks can be managed by passing one of the enum xfs_ag_resv_type
55 * values via struct xfs_alloc_arg or directly to the xfs_free_extent
56 * function. It might seem a little funny to maintain a reservoir of blocks
57 * to feed another reservoir, but the AGFL only holds enough blocks to get
58 * through the next transaction. The per-AG reservation is to ensure (we
59 * hope) that each AG never runs out of blocks. Each data structure wanting
60 * to use the reservation system should update ask/used in xfs_ag_resv_init.
64 * Are we critically low on blocks? For now we'll define that as the number
65 * of blocks we can get our hands on being less than 10% of what we reserved
66 * or less than some arbitrary number (maximum btree height).
70 struct xfs_perag *pag,
71 enum xfs_ag_resv_type type)
77 case XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA:
78 avail = pag->pagf_freeblks - pag->pag_rmapbt_resv.ar_reserved;
79 orig = pag->pag_meta_resv.ar_asked;
81 case XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT:
82 avail = pag->pagf_freeblks + pag->pagf_flcount -
83 pag->pag_meta_resv.ar_reserved;
84 orig = pag->pag_rmapbt_resv.ar_asked;
91 trace_xfs_ag_resv_critical(pag, type, avail);
93 /* Critically low if less than 10% or max btree height remains. */
94 return XFS_TEST_ERROR(avail < orig / 10 ||
95 avail < pag->pag_mount->m_agbtree_maxlevels,
96 pag->pag_mount, XFS_ERRTAG_AG_RESV_CRITICAL);
100 * How many blocks are reserved but not used, and therefore must not be
105 struct xfs_perag *pag,
106 enum xfs_ag_resv_type type)
110 len = pag->pag_meta_resv.ar_reserved + pag->pag_rmapbt_resv.ar_reserved;
112 case XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA:
113 case XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT:
114 len -= xfs_perag_resv(pag, type)->ar_reserved;
116 case XFS_AG_RESV_NONE:
123 trace_xfs_ag_resv_needed(pag, type, len);
128 /* Clean out a reservation */
131 struct xfs_perag *pag,
132 enum xfs_ag_resv_type type)
134 struct xfs_ag_resv *resv;
135 xfs_extlen_t oldresv;
138 trace_xfs_ag_resv_free(pag, type, 0);
140 resv = xfs_perag_resv(pag, type);
141 if (pag->pag_agno == 0)
142 pag->pag_mount->m_ag_max_usable += resv->ar_asked;
144 * RMAPBT blocks come from the AGFL and AGFL blocks are always
145 * considered "free", so whatever was reserved at mount time must be
146 * given back at umount.
148 if (type == XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT)
149 oldresv = resv->ar_orig_reserved;
151 oldresv = resv->ar_reserved;
152 error = xfs_mod_fdblocks(pag->pag_mount, oldresv, true);
153 resv->ar_reserved = 0;
155 resv->ar_orig_reserved = 0;
158 trace_xfs_ag_resv_free_error(pag->pag_mount, pag->pag_agno,
163 /* Free a per-AG reservation. */
166 struct xfs_perag *pag)
171 error = __xfs_ag_resv_free(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT);
172 err2 = __xfs_ag_resv_free(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA);
180 struct xfs_perag *pag,
181 enum xfs_ag_resv_type type,
185 struct xfs_mount *mp = pag->pag_mount;
186 struct xfs_ag_resv *resv;
188 xfs_extlen_t hidden_space;
194 case XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT:
196 * Space taken by the rmapbt is not subtracted from fdblocks
197 * because the rmapbt lives in the free space. Here we must
198 * subtract the entire reservation from fdblocks so that we
199 * always have blocks available for rmapbt expansion.
203 case XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA:
205 * Space taken by all other metadata btrees are accounted
206 * on-disk as used space. We therefore only hide the space
207 * that is reserved but not used by the trees.
209 hidden_space = ask - used;
216 if (XFS_TEST_ERROR(false, mp, XFS_ERRTAG_AG_RESV_FAIL))
219 error = xfs_mod_fdblocks(mp, -(int64_t)hidden_space, true);
221 trace_xfs_ag_resv_init_error(pag->pag_mount, pag->pag_agno,
224 "Per-AG reservation for AG %u failed. Filesystem may run out of space.",
230 * Reduce the maximum per-AG allocation length by however much we're
231 * trying to reserve for an AG. Since this is a filesystem-wide
232 * counter, we only make the adjustment for AG 0. This assumes that
233 * there aren't any AGs hungrier for per-AG reservation than AG 0.
235 if (pag->pag_agno == 0)
236 mp->m_ag_max_usable -= ask;
238 resv = xfs_perag_resv(pag, type);
239 resv->ar_asked = ask;
240 resv->ar_orig_reserved = hidden_space;
241 resv->ar_reserved = ask - used;
243 trace_xfs_ag_resv_init(pag, type, ask);
247 /* Create a per-AG block reservation. */
250 struct xfs_perag *pag,
251 struct xfs_trans *tp)
253 struct xfs_mount *mp = pag->pag_mount;
256 int error = 0, error2;
257 bool has_resv = false;
259 /* Create the metadata reservation. */
260 if (pag->pag_meta_resv.ar_asked == 0) {
263 error = xfs_refcountbt_calc_reserves(mp, tp, pag, &ask, &used);
267 error = xfs_finobt_calc_reserves(mp, tp, pag, &ask, &used);
271 error = __xfs_ag_resv_init(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA,
275 * Because we didn't have per-AG reservations when the
276 * finobt feature was added we might not be able to
277 * reserve all needed blocks. Warn and fall back to the
278 * old and potentially buggy code in that case, but
279 * ensure we do have the reservation for the refcountbt.
283 mp->m_finobt_nores = true;
285 error = xfs_refcountbt_calc_reserves(mp, tp, pag, &ask,
290 error = __xfs_ag_resv_init(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA,
299 /* Create the RMAPBT metadata reservation */
300 if (pag->pag_rmapbt_resv.ar_asked == 0) {
303 error = xfs_rmapbt_calc_reserves(mp, tp, pag, &ask, &used);
307 error = __xfs_ag_resv_init(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT, ask, used);
316 * Initialize the pagf if we have at least one active reservation on the
317 * AG. This may have occurred already via reservation calculation, but
318 * fall back to an explicit init to ensure the in-core allocbt usage
319 * counters are initialized as soon as possible. This is important
320 * because filesystems with large perag reservations are susceptible to
321 * free space reservation problems that the allocbt counter is used to
325 error2 = xfs_alloc_pagf_init(mp, tp, pag->pag_agno, 0);
330 * If there isn't enough space in the AG to satisfy the
331 * reservation, let the caller know that there wasn't enough
332 * space. Callers are responsible for deciding what to do
333 * next, since (in theory) we can stumble along with
334 * insufficient reservation if data blocks are being freed to
335 * replenish the AG's free space.
338 xfs_perag_resv(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA)->ar_reserved +
339 xfs_perag_resv(pag, XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT)->ar_reserved >
340 pag->pagf_freeblks + pag->pagf_flcount)
347 /* Allocate a block from the reservation. */
349 xfs_ag_resv_alloc_extent(
350 struct xfs_perag *pag,
351 enum xfs_ag_resv_type type,
352 struct xfs_alloc_arg *args)
354 struct xfs_ag_resv *resv;
358 trace_xfs_ag_resv_alloc_extent(pag, type, args->len);
361 case XFS_AG_RESV_AGFL:
363 case XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA:
364 case XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT:
365 resv = xfs_perag_resv(pag, type);
370 case XFS_AG_RESV_NONE:
371 field = args->wasdel ? XFS_TRANS_SB_RES_FDBLOCKS :
372 XFS_TRANS_SB_FDBLOCKS;
373 xfs_trans_mod_sb(args->tp, field, -(int64_t)args->len);
377 len = min_t(xfs_extlen_t, args->len, resv->ar_reserved);
378 resv->ar_reserved -= len;
379 if (type == XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT)
381 /* Allocations of reserved blocks only need on-disk sb updates... */
382 xfs_trans_mod_sb(args->tp, XFS_TRANS_SB_RES_FDBLOCKS, -(int64_t)len);
383 /* ...but non-reserved blocks need in-core and on-disk updates. */
385 xfs_trans_mod_sb(args->tp, XFS_TRANS_SB_FDBLOCKS,
386 -((int64_t)args->len - len));
389 /* Free a block to the reservation. */
391 xfs_ag_resv_free_extent(
392 struct xfs_perag *pag,
393 enum xfs_ag_resv_type type,
394 struct xfs_trans *tp,
397 xfs_extlen_t leftover;
398 struct xfs_ag_resv *resv;
400 trace_xfs_ag_resv_free_extent(pag, type, len);
403 case XFS_AG_RESV_AGFL:
405 case XFS_AG_RESV_METADATA:
406 case XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT:
407 resv = xfs_perag_resv(pag, type);
412 case XFS_AG_RESV_NONE:
413 xfs_trans_mod_sb(tp, XFS_TRANS_SB_FDBLOCKS, (int64_t)len);
417 leftover = min_t(xfs_extlen_t, len, resv->ar_asked - resv->ar_reserved);
418 resv->ar_reserved += leftover;
419 if (type == XFS_AG_RESV_RMAPBT)
421 /* Freeing into the reserved pool only requires on-disk update... */
422 xfs_trans_mod_sb(tp, XFS_TRANS_SB_RES_FDBLOCKS, len);
423 /* ...but freeing beyond that requires in-core and on-disk update. */
425 xfs_trans_mod_sb(tp, XFS_TRANS_SB_FDBLOCKS, len - leftover);