1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * ADXL345 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer IIO core driver
7 * Datasheet: https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-documentation/data-sheets/ADXL345.pdf
10 #include <linux/module.h>
11 #include <linux/regmap.h>
13 #include <linux/iio/iio.h>
14 #include <linux/iio/sysfs.h>
18 #define ADXL345_REG_DEVID 0x00
19 #define ADXL345_REG_OFSX 0x1e
20 #define ADXL345_REG_OFSY 0x1f
21 #define ADXL345_REG_OFSZ 0x20
22 #define ADXL345_REG_OFS_AXIS(index) (ADXL345_REG_OFSX + (index))
23 #define ADXL345_REG_BW_RATE 0x2C
24 #define ADXL345_REG_POWER_CTL 0x2D
25 #define ADXL345_REG_DATA_FORMAT 0x31
26 #define ADXL345_REG_DATAX0 0x32
27 #define ADXL345_REG_DATAY0 0x34
28 #define ADXL345_REG_DATAZ0 0x36
29 #define ADXL345_REG_DATA_AXIS(index) \
30 (ADXL345_REG_DATAX0 + (index) * sizeof(__le16))
32 #define ADXL345_BW_RATE GENMASK(3, 0)
33 #define ADXL345_BASE_RATE_NANO_HZ 97656250LL
34 #define NHZ_PER_HZ 1000000000LL
36 #define ADXL345_POWER_CTL_MEASURE BIT(3)
37 #define ADXL345_POWER_CTL_STANDBY 0x00
39 #define ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_FULL_RES BIT(3) /* Up to 13-bits resolution */
40 #define ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_2G 0
41 #define ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_4G 1
42 #define ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_8G 2
43 #define ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_16G 3
45 #define ADXL345_DEVID 0xE5
48 * In full-resolution mode, scale factor is maintained at ~4 mg/LSB
51 * At +/- 16g with 13-bit resolution, scale is computed as:
52 * (16 + 16) * 9.81 / (2^13 - 1) = 0.0383
54 static const int adxl345_uscale = 38300;
57 * The Datasheet lists a resolution of Resolution is ~49 mg per LSB. That's
58 * ~480mm/s**2 per LSB.
60 static const int adxl375_uscale = 480000;
63 struct regmap *regmap;
65 enum adxl345_device_type type;
68 #define ADXL345_CHANNEL(index, axis) { \
71 .channel2 = IIO_MOD_##axis, \
73 .info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | \
74 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS), \
75 .info_mask_shared_by_type = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE) | \
76 BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ), \
79 static const struct iio_chan_spec adxl345_channels[] = {
80 ADXL345_CHANNEL(0, X),
81 ADXL345_CHANNEL(1, Y),
82 ADXL345_CHANNEL(2, Z),
85 static int adxl345_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
86 struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
87 int *val, int *val2, long mask)
89 struct adxl345_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
91 long long samp_freq_nhz;
96 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW:
98 * Data is stored in adjacent registers:
99 * ADXL345_REG_DATA(X0/Y0/Z0) contain the least significant byte
100 * and ADXL345_REG_DATA(X0/Y0/Z0) + 1 the most significant byte
102 ret = regmap_bulk_read(data->regmap,
103 ADXL345_REG_DATA_AXIS(chan->address),
104 &accel, sizeof(accel));
108 *val = sign_extend32(le16_to_cpu(accel), 12);
110 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
112 switch (data->type) {
114 *val2 = adxl345_uscale;
117 *val2 = adxl375_uscale;
121 return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_MICRO;
122 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS:
123 ret = regmap_read(data->regmap,
124 ADXL345_REG_OFS_AXIS(chan->address), ®val);
128 * 8-bit resolution at +/- 2g, that is 4x accel data scale
131 *val = sign_extend32(regval, 7) * 4;
134 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ:
135 ret = regmap_read(data->regmap, ADXL345_REG_BW_RATE, ®val);
139 samp_freq_nhz = ADXL345_BASE_RATE_NANO_HZ <<
140 (regval & ADXL345_BW_RATE);
141 *val = div_s64_rem(samp_freq_nhz, NHZ_PER_HZ, val2);
143 return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_NANO;
149 static int adxl345_write_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
150 struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
151 int val, int val2, long mask)
153 struct adxl345_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
157 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS:
159 * 8-bit resolution at +/- 2g, that is 4x accel data scale
162 return regmap_write(data->regmap,
163 ADXL345_REG_OFS_AXIS(chan->address),
165 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ:
166 n = div_s64(val * NHZ_PER_HZ + val2, ADXL345_BASE_RATE_NANO_HZ);
168 return regmap_update_bits(data->regmap, ADXL345_REG_BW_RATE,
170 clamp_val(ilog2(n), 0,
177 static int adxl345_write_raw_get_fmt(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
178 struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
182 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_CALIBBIAS:
184 case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SAMP_FREQ:
185 return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_NANO;
191 static IIO_CONST_ATTR_SAMP_FREQ_AVAIL(
192 "0.09765625 0.1953125 0.390625 0.78125 1.5625 3.125 6.25 12.5 25 50 100 200 400 800 1600 3200"
195 static struct attribute *adxl345_attrs[] = {
196 &iio_const_attr_sampling_frequency_available.dev_attr.attr,
200 static const struct attribute_group adxl345_attrs_group = {
201 .attrs = adxl345_attrs,
204 static const struct iio_info adxl345_info = {
205 .attrs = &adxl345_attrs_group,
206 .read_raw = adxl345_read_raw,
207 .write_raw = adxl345_write_raw,
208 .write_raw_get_fmt = adxl345_write_raw_get_fmt,
211 int adxl345_core_probe(struct device *dev, struct regmap *regmap,
212 enum adxl345_device_type type, const char *name)
214 struct adxl345_data *data;
215 struct iio_dev *indio_dev;
219 ret = regmap_read(regmap, ADXL345_REG_DEVID, ®val);
221 dev_err(dev, "Error reading device ID: %d\n", ret);
225 if (regval != ADXL345_DEVID) {
226 dev_err(dev, "Invalid device ID: %x, expected %x\n",
227 regval, ADXL345_DEVID);
231 indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof(*data));
235 data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
236 dev_set_drvdata(dev, indio_dev);
237 data->regmap = regmap;
239 /* Enable full-resolution mode */
240 data->data_range = ADXL345_DATA_FORMAT_FULL_RES;
242 ret = regmap_write(data->regmap, ADXL345_REG_DATA_FORMAT,
245 dev_err(dev, "Failed to set data range: %d\n", ret);
249 indio_dev->name = name;
250 indio_dev->info = &adxl345_info;
251 indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE;
252 indio_dev->channels = adxl345_channels;
253 indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(adxl345_channels);
255 /* Enable measurement mode */
256 ret = regmap_write(data->regmap, ADXL345_REG_POWER_CTL,
257 ADXL345_POWER_CTL_MEASURE);
259 dev_err(dev, "Failed to enable measurement mode: %d\n", ret);
263 ret = iio_device_register(indio_dev);
265 dev_err(dev, "iio_device_register failed: %d\n", ret);
266 regmap_write(data->regmap, ADXL345_REG_POWER_CTL,
267 ADXL345_POWER_CTL_STANDBY);
272 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(adxl345_core_probe);
274 int adxl345_core_remove(struct device *dev)
276 struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
277 struct adxl345_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
279 iio_device_unregister(indio_dev);
281 return regmap_write(data->regmap, ADXL345_REG_POWER_CTL,
282 ADXL345_POWER_CTL_STANDBY);
284 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(adxl345_core_remove);
287 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ADXL345 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer core driver");
288 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");