drivers/hwmon/corsair-cpro.c

   1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
   2 /*
   3  * corsair-cpro.c - Linux driver for Corsair Commander Pro
   4  * Copyright (C) 2020 Marius Zachmann <[email protected]>
   5  *
   6  * This driver uses hid reports to communicate with the device to allow hidraw userspace drivers
   7  * still being used. The device does not use report ids. When using hidraw and this driver
   8  * simultaniously, reports could be switched.
   9  */
  10
  11 #include <linux/bitops.h>
  12 #include <linux/completion.h>
  13 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
  14 #include <linux/hid.h>
  15 #include <linux/hwmon.h>
  16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
  17 #include <linux/module.h>
  18 #include <linux/mutex.h>
  19 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
  20 #include <linux/slab.h>
  21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
  22 #include <linux/types.h>
  23
  24 #define USB_VENDOR_ID_CORSAIR                   0x1b1c
  25 #define USB_PRODUCT_ID_CORSAIR_COMMANDERPRO     0x0c10
  26 #define USB_PRODUCT_ID_CORSAIR_1000D            0x1d00
  27
  28 #define OUT_BUFFER_SIZE         63
  29 #define IN_BUFFER_SIZE          16
  30 #define LABEL_LENGTH            11
  31 #define REQ_TIMEOUT             300
  32
  33 #define CTL_GET_FW_VER          0x02    /* returns the firmware version in bytes 1-3 */
  34 #define CTL_GET_BL_VER          0x06    /* returns the bootloader version in bytes 1-2 */
  35 #define CTL_GET_TMP_CNCT        0x10    /*
  36                                          * returns in bytes 1-4 for each temp sensor:
  37                                          * 0 not connected
  38                                          * 1 connected
  39                                          */
  40 #define CTL_GET_TMP             0x11    /*
  41                                          * send: byte 1 is channel, rest zero
  42                                          * rcv:  returns temp for channel in centi-degree celsius
  43                                          * in bytes 1 and 2
  44                                          * returns 0x11 in byte 0 if no sensor is connected
  45                                          */
  46 #define CTL_GET_VOLT            0x12    /*
  47                                          * send: byte 1 is rail number: 0 = 12v, 1 = 5v, 2 = 3.3v
  48                                          * rcv:  returns millivolt in bytes 1,2
  49                                          * returns error 0x10 if request is invalid
  50                                          */
  51 #define CTL_GET_FAN_CNCT        0x20    /*
  52                                          * returns in bytes 1-6 for each fan:
  53                                          * 0 not connected
  54                                          * 1 3pin
  55                                          * 2 4pin
  56                                          */
  57 #define CTL_GET_FAN_RPM         0x21    /*
  58                                          * send: byte 1 is channel, rest zero
  59                                          * rcv:  returns rpm in bytes 1,2
  60                                          */
  61 #define CTL_GET_FAN_PWM         0x22    /*
  62                                          * send: byte 1 is channel, rest zero
  63                                          * rcv:  returns pwm in byte 1 if it was set
  64                                          *       returns error 0x12 if fan is controlled via
  65                                          *       fan_target or fan curve
  66                                          */
  67 #define CTL_SET_FAN_FPWM        0x23    /*
  68                                          * set fixed pwm
  69                                          * send: byte 1 is fan number
  70                                          * send: byte 2 is percentage from 0 - 100
  71                                          */
  72 #define CTL_SET_FAN_TARGET      0x24    /*
  73                                          * set target rpm
  74                                          * send: byte 1 is fan number
  75                                          * send: byte 2-3 is target
  76                                          * device accepts all values from 0x00 - 0xFFFF
  77                                          */
  78
  79 #define NUM_FANS                6
  80 #define NUM_TEMP_SENSORS        4
  81
  82 struct ccp_device {
  83         struct hid_device *hdev;
  84         struct device *hwmon_dev;
  85         struct dentry *debugfs;
  86         /* For reinitializing the completion below */
  87         spinlock_t wait_input_report_lock;
  88         struct completion wait_input_report;
  89         struct mutex mutex; /* whenever buffer is used, lock before send_usb_cmd */
  90         u8 *cmd_buffer;
  91         u8 *buffer;
  92         int target[6];
  93         DECLARE_BITMAP(temp_cnct, NUM_TEMP_SENSORS);
  94         DECLARE_BITMAP(fan_cnct, NUM_FANS);
  95         char fan_label[6][LABEL_LENGTH];
  96         u8 firmware_ver[3];
  97         u8 bootloader_ver[2];
  98 };
  99
 100 /* converts response error in buffer to errno */
 101 static int ccp_get_errno(struct ccp_device *ccp)
 102 {
 103         switch (ccp->buffer[0]) {
 104         case 0x00: /* success */
 105                 return 0;
 106         case 0x01: /* called invalid command */
 107                 return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 108         case 0x10: /* called GET_VOLT / GET_TMP with invalid arguments */
 109                 return -EINVAL;
 110         case 0x11: /* requested temps of disconnected sensors */
 111         case 0x12: /* requested pwm of not pwm controlled channels */
 112                 return -ENODATA;
 113         default:
 114                 hid_dbg(ccp->hdev, "unknown device response error: %d", ccp->buffer[0]);
 115                 return -EIO;
 116         }
 117 }
 118
 119 /* send command, check for error in response, response in ccp->buffer */
 120 static int send_usb_cmd(struct ccp_device *ccp, u8 command, u8 byte1, u8 byte2, u8 byte3)
 121 {
 122         unsigned long t;
 123         int ret;
 124
 125         memset(ccp->cmd_buffer, 0x00, OUT_BUFFER_SIZE);
 126         ccp->cmd_buffer[0] = command;
 127         ccp->cmd_buffer[1] = byte1;
 128         ccp->cmd_buffer[2] = byte2;
 129         ccp->cmd_buffer[3] = byte3;
 130
 131         /*
 132          * Disable raw event parsing for a moment to safely reinitialize the
 133          * completion. Reinit is done because hidraw could have triggered
 134          * the raw event parsing and marked the ccp->wait_input_report
 135          * completion as done.
 136          */
 137         spin_lock_bh(&ccp->wait_input_report_lock);
 138         reinit_completion(&ccp->wait_input_report);
 139         spin_unlock_bh(&ccp->wait_input_report_lock);
 140
 141         ret = hid_hw_output_report(ccp->hdev, ccp->cmd_buffer, OUT_BUFFER_SIZE);
 142         if (ret < 0)
 143                 return ret;
 144
 145         t = wait_for_completion_timeout(&ccp->wait_input_report, msecs_to_jiffies(REQ_TIMEOUT));
 146         if (!t)
 147                 return -ETIMEDOUT;
 148
 149         return ccp_get_errno(ccp);
 150 }
 151
 152 static int ccp_raw_event(struct hid_device *hdev, struct hid_report *report, u8 *data, int size)
 153 {
 154         struct ccp_device *ccp = hid_get_drvdata(hdev);
 155
 156         /* only copy buffer when requested */
 157         spin_lock(&ccp->wait_input_report_lock);
 158         if (!completion_done(&ccp->wait_input_report)) {
 159                 memcpy(ccp->buffer, data, min(IN_BUFFER_SIZE, size));
 160                 complete_all(&ccp->wait_input_report);
 161         }
 162         spin_unlock(&ccp->wait_input_report_lock);
 163
 164         return 0;
 165 }
 166
 167 /* requests and returns single data values depending on channel */
 168 static int get_data(struct ccp_device *ccp, int command, int channel, bool two_byte_data)
 169 {
 170         int ret;
 171
 172         mutex_lock(&ccp->mutex);
 173
 174         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, command, channel, 0, 0);
 175         if (ret)
 176                 goto out_unlock;
 177
 178         ret = ccp->buffer[1];
 179         if (two_byte_data)
 180                 ret = (ret << 8) + ccp->buffer[2];
 181
 182 out_unlock:
 183         mutex_unlock(&ccp->mutex);
 184         return ret;
 185 }
 186
 187 static int set_pwm(struct ccp_device *ccp, int channel, long val)
 188 {
 189         int ret;
 190
 191         if (val < 0 || val > 255)
 192                 return -EINVAL;
 193
 194         /* The Corsair Commander Pro uses values from 0-100 */
 195         val = DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(val * 100, 255);
 196
 197         mutex_lock(&ccp->mutex);
 198
 199         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, CTL_SET_FAN_FPWM, channel, val, 0);
 200         if (!ret)
 201                 ccp->target[channel] = -ENODATA;
 202
 203         mutex_unlock(&ccp->mutex);
 204         return ret;
 205 }
 206
 207 static int set_target(struct ccp_device *ccp, int channel, long val)
 208 {
 209         int ret;
 210
 211         val = clamp_val(val, 0, 0xFFFF);
 212         ccp->target[channel] = val;
 213
 214         mutex_lock(&ccp->mutex);
 215         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, CTL_SET_FAN_TARGET, channel, val >> 8, val);
 216
 217         mutex_unlock(&ccp->mutex);
 218         return ret;
 219 }
 220
 221 static int ccp_read_string(struct device *dev, enum hwmon_sensor_types type,
 222                            u32 attr, int channel, const char **str)
 223 {
 224         struct ccp_device *ccp = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 225
 226         switch (type) {
 227         case hwmon_fan:
 228                 switch (attr) {
 229                 case hwmon_fan_label:
 230                         *str = ccp->fan_label[channel];
 231                         return 0;
 232                 default:
 233                         break;
 234                 }
 235                 break;
 236         default:
 237                 break;
 238         }
 239
 240         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 241 }
 242
 243 static int ccp_read(struct device *dev, enum hwmon_sensor_types type,
 244                     u32 attr, int channel, long *val)
 245 {
 246         struct ccp_device *ccp = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 247         int ret;
 248
 249         switch (type) {
 250         case hwmon_temp:
 251                 switch (attr) {
 252                 case hwmon_temp_input:
 253                         ret = get_data(ccp, CTL_GET_TMP, channel, true);
 254                         if (ret < 0)
 255                                 return ret;
 256                         *val = ret * 10;
 257                         return 0;
 258                 default:
 259                         break;
 260                 }
 261                 break;
 262         case hwmon_fan:
 263                 switch (attr) {
 264                 case hwmon_fan_input:
 265                         ret = get_data(ccp, CTL_GET_FAN_RPM, channel, true);
 266                         if (ret < 0)
 267                                 return ret;
 268                         *val = ret;
 269                         return 0;
 270                 case hwmon_fan_target:
 271                         /* how to read target values from the device is unknown */
 272                         /* driver returns last set value or 0                   */
 273                         if (ccp->target[channel] < 0)
 274                                 return -ENODATA;
 275                         *val = ccp->target[channel];
 276                         return 0;
 277                 default:
 278                         break;
 279                 }
 280                 break;
 281         case hwmon_pwm:
 282                 switch (attr) {
 283                 case hwmon_pwm_input:
 284                         ret = get_data(ccp, CTL_GET_FAN_PWM, channel, false);
 285                         if (ret < 0)
 286                                 return ret;
 287                         *val = DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(ret * 255, 100);
 288                         return 0;
 289                 default:
 290                         break;
 291                 }
 292                 break;
 293         case hwmon_in:
 294                 switch (attr) {
 295                 case hwmon_in_input:
 296                         ret = get_data(ccp, CTL_GET_VOLT, channel, true);
 297                         if (ret < 0)
 298                                 return ret;
 299                         *val = ret;
 300                         return 0;
 301                 default:
 302                         break;
 303                 }
 304                 break;
 305         default:
 306                 break;
 307         }
 308
 309         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 310 };
 311
 312 static int ccp_write(struct device *dev, enum hwmon_sensor_types type,
 313                      u32 attr, int channel, long val)
 314 {
 315         struct ccp_device *ccp = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
 316
 317         switch (type) {
 318         case hwmon_pwm:
 319                 switch (attr) {
 320                 case hwmon_pwm_input:
 321                         return set_pwm(ccp, channel, val);
 322                 default:
 323                         break;
 324                 }
 325                 break;
 326         case hwmon_fan:
 327                 switch (attr) {
 328                 case hwmon_fan_target:
 329                         return set_target(ccp, channel, val);
 330                 default:
 331                         break;
 332                 }
 333                 break;
 334         default:
 335                 break;
 336         }
 337
 338         return -EOPNOTSUPP;
 339 };
 340
 341 static umode_t ccp_is_visible(const void *data, enum hwmon_sensor_types type,
 342                               u32 attr, int channel)
 343 {
 344         const struct ccp_device *ccp = data;
 345
 346         switch (type) {
 347         case hwmon_temp:
 348                 if (!test_bit(channel, ccp->temp_cnct))
 349                         break;
 350
 351                 switch (attr) {
 352                 case hwmon_temp_input:
 353                         return 0444;
 354                 case hwmon_temp_label:
 355                         return 0444;
 356                 default:
 357                         break;
 358                 }
 359                 break;
 360         case hwmon_fan:
 361                 if (!test_bit(channel, ccp->fan_cnct))
 362                         break;
 363
 364                 switch (attr) {
 365                 case hwmon_fan_input:
 366                         return 0444;
 367                 case hwmon_fan_label:
 368                         return 0444;
 369                 case hwmon_fan_target:
 370                         return 0644;
 371                 default:
 372                         break;
 373                 }
 374                 break;
 375         case hwmon_pwm:
 376                 if (!test_bit(channel, ccp->fan_cnct))
 377                         break;
 378
 379                 switch (attr) {
 380                 case hwmon_pwm_input:
 381                         return 0644;
 382                 default:
 383                         break;
 384                 }
 385                 break;
 386         case hwmon_in:
 387                 switch (attr) {
 388                 case hwmon_in_input:
 389                         return 0444;
 390                 default:
 391                         break;
 392                 }
 393                 break;
 394         default:
 395                 break;
 396         }
 397
 398         return 0;
 399 };
 400
 401 static const struct hwmon_ops ccp_hwmon_ops = {
 402         .is_visible = ccp_is_visible,
 403         .read = ccp_read,
 404         .read_string = ccp_read_string,
 405         .write = ccp_write,
 406 };
 407
 408 static const struct hwmon_channel_info * const ccp_info[] = {
 409         HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO(chip,
 410                            HWMON_C_REGISTER_TZ),
 411         HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO(temp,
 412                            HWMON_T_INPUT,
 413                            HWMON_T_INPUT,
 414                            HWMON_T_INPUT,
 415                            HWMON_T_INPUT
 416                            ),
 417         HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO(fan,
 418                            HWMON_F_INPUT | HWMON_F_LABEL | HWMON_F_TARGET,
 419                            HWMON_F_INPUT | HWMON_F_LABEL | HWMON_F_TARGET,
 420                            HWMON_F_INPUT | HWMON_F_LABEL | HWMON_F_TARGET,
 421                            HWMON_F_INPUT | HWMON_F_LABEL | HWMON_F_TARGET,
 422                            HWMON_F_INPUT | HWMON_F_LABEL | HWMON_F_TARGET,
 423                            HWMON_F_INPUT | HWMON_F_LABEL | HWMON_F_TARGET
 424                            ),
 425         HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO(pwm,
 426                            HWMON_PWM_INPUT,
 427                            HWMON_PWM_INPUT,
 428                            HWMON_PWM_INPUT,
 429                            HWMON_PWM_INPUT,
 430                            HWMON_PWM_INPUT,
 431                            HWMON_PWM_INPUT
 432                            ),
 433         HWMON_CHANNEL_INFO(in,
 434                            HWMON_I_INPUT,
 435                            HWMON_I_INPUT,
 436                            HWMON_I_INPUT
 437                            ),
 438         NULL
 439 };
 440
 441 static const struct hwmon_chip_info ccp_chip_info = {
 442         .ops = &ccp_hwmon_ops,
 443         .info = ccp_info,
 444 };
 445
 446 /* read fan connection status and set labels */
 447 static int get_fan_cnct(struct ccp_device *ccp)
 448 {
 449         int channel;
 450         int mode;
 451         int ret;
 452
 453         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, CTL_GET_FAN_CNCT, 0, 0, 0);
 454         if (ret)
 455                 return ret;
 456
 457         for (channel = 0; channel < NUM_FANS; channel++) {
 458                 mode = ccp->buffer[channel + 1];
 459                 if (mode == 0)
 460                         continue;
 461
 462                 set_bit(channel, ccp->fan_cnct);
 463                 ccp->target[channel] = -ENODATA;
 464
 465                 switch (mode) {
 466                 case 1:
 467                         scnprintf(ccp->fan_label[channel], LABEL_LENGTH,
 468                                   "fan%d 3pin", channel + 1);
 469                         break;
 470                 case 2:
 471                         scnprintf(ccp->fan_label[channel], LABEL_LENGTH,
 472                                   "fan%d 4pin", channel + 1);
 473                         break;
 474                 default:
 475                         scnprintf(ccp->fan_label[channel], LABEL_LENGTH,
 476                                   "fan%d other", channel + 1);
 477                         break;
 478                 }
 479         }
 480
 481         return 0;
 482 }
 483
 484 /* read temp sensor connection status */
 485 static int get_temp_cnct(struct ccp_device *ccp)
 486 {
 487         int channel;
 488         int mode;
 489         int ret;
 490
 491         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, CTL_GET_TMP_CNCT, 0, 0, 0);
 492         if (ret)
 493                 return ret;
 494
 495         for (channel = 0; channel < NUM_TEMP_SENSORS; channel++) {
 496                 mode = ccp->buffer[channel + 1];
 497                 if (mode == 0)
 498                         continue;
 499
 500                 set_bit(channel, ccp->temp_cnct);
 501         }
 502
 503         return 0;
 504 }
 505
 506 /* read firmware version */
 507 static int get_fw_version(struct ccp_device *ccp)
 508 {
 509         int ret;
 510
 511         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, CTL_GET_FW_VER, 0, 0, 0);
 512         if (ret) {
 513                 hid_notice(ccp->hdev, "Failed to read firmware version.\n");
 514                 return ret;
 515         }
 516         ccp->firmware_ver[0] = ccp->buffer[1];
 517         ccp->firmware_ver[1] = ccp->buffer[2];
 518         ccp->firmware_ver[2] = ccp->buffer[3];
 519
 520         return 0;
 521 }
 522
 523 /* read bootloader version */
 524 static int get_bl_version(struct ccp_device *ccp)
 525 {
 526         int ret;
 527
 528         ret = send_usb_cmd(ccp, CTL_GET_BL_VER, 0, 0, 0);
 529         if (ret) {
 530                 hid_notice(ccp->hdev, "Failed to read bootloader version.\n");
 531                 return ret;
 532         }
 533         ccp->bootloader_ver[0] = ccp->buffer[1];
 534         ccp->bootloader_ver[1] = ccp->buffer[2];
 535
 536         return 0;
 537 }
 538
 539 static int firmware_show(struct seq_file *seqf, void *unused)
 540 {
 541         struct ccp_device *ccp = seqf->private;
 542
 543         seq_printf(seqf, "%d.%d.%d\n",
 544                    ccp->firmware_ver[0],
 545                    ccp->firmware_ver[1],
 546                    ccp->firmware_ver[2]);
 547
 548         return 0;
 549 }
 550 DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(firmware);
 551
 552 static int bootloader_show(struct seq_file *seqf, void *unused)
 553 {
 554         struct ccp_device *ccp = seqf->private;
 555
 556         seq_printf(seqf, "%d.%d\n",
 557                    ccp->bootloader_ver[0],
 558                    ccp->bootloader_ver[1]);
 559
 560         return 0;
 561 }
 562 DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(bootloader);
 563
 564 static void ccp_debugfs_init(struct ccp_device *ccp)
 565 {
 566         char name[32];
 567         int ret;
 568
 569         scnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "corsaircpro-%s", dev_name(&ccp->hdev->dev));
 570         ccp->debugfs = debugfs_create_dir(name, NULL);
 571
 572         ret = get_fw_version(ccp);
 573         if (!ret)
 574                 debugfs_create_file("firmware_version", 0444,
 575                                     ccp->debugfs, ccp, &firmware_fops);
 576
 577         ret = get_bl_version(ccp);
 578         if (!ret)
 579                 debugfs_create_file("bootloader_version", 0444,
 580                                     ccp->debugfs, ccp, &bootloader_fops);
 581 }
 582
 583 static int ccp_probe(struct hid_device *hdev, const struct hid_device_id *id)
 584 {
 585         struct ccp_device *ccp;
 586         int ret;
 587
 588         ccp = devm_kzalloc(&hdev->dev, sizeof(*ccp), GFP_KERNEL);
 589         if (!ccp)
 590                 return -ENOMEM;
 591
 592         ccp->cmd_buffer = devm_kmalloc(&hdev->dev, OUT_BUFFER_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 593         if (!ccp->cmd_buffer)
 594                 return -ENOMEM;
 595
 596         ccp->buffer = devm_kmalloc(&hdev->dev, IN_BUFFER_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
 597         if (!ccp->buffer)
 598                 return -ENOMEM;
 599
 600         ret = hid_parse(hdev);
 601         if (ret)
 602                 return ret;
 603
 604         ret = hid_hw_start(hdev, HID_CONNECT_HIDRAW);
 605         if (ret)
 606                 return ret;
 607
 608         ret = hid_hw_open(hdev);
 609         if (ret)
 610                 goto out_hw_stop;
 611
 612         ccp->hdev = hdev;
 613         hid_set_drvdata(hdev, ccp);
 614
 615         mutex_init(&ccp->mutex);
 616         spin_lock_init(&ccp->wait_input_report_lock);
 617         init_completion(&ccp->wait_input_report);
 618
 619         hid_device_io_start(hdev);
 620
 621         /* temp and fan connection status only updates when device is powered on */
 622         ret = get_temp_cnct(ccp);
 623         if (ret)
 624                 goto out_hw_close;
 625
 626         ret = get_fan_cnct(ccp);
 627         if (ret)
 628                 goto out_hw_close;
 629
 630         ccp_debugfs_init(ccp);
 631
 632         ccp->hwmon_dev = hwmon_device_register_with_info(&hdev->dev, "corsaircpro",
 633                                                          ccp, &ccp_chip_info, NULL);
 634         if (IS_ERR(ccp->hwmon_dev)) {
 635                 ret = PTR_ERR(ccp->hwmon_dev);
 636                 goto out_hw_close;
 637         }
 638
 639         return 0;
 640
 641 out_hw_close:
 642         hid_hw_close(hdev);
 643 out_hw_stop:
 644         hid_hw_stop(hdev);
 645         return ret;
 646 }
 647
 648 static void ccp_remove(struct hid_device *hdev)
 649 {
 650         struct ccp_device *ccp = hid_get_drvdata(hdev);
 651
 652         debugfs_remove_recursive(ccp->debugfs);
 653         hwmon_device_unregister(ccp->hwmon_dev);
 654         hid_hw_close(hdev);
 655         hid_hw_stop(hdev);
 656 }
 657
 658 static const struct hid_device_id ccp_devices[] = {
 659         { HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_CORSAIR, USB_PRODUCT_ID_CORSAIR_COMMANDERPRO) },
 660         { HID_USB_DEVICE(USB_VENDOR_ID_CORSAIR, USB_PRODUCT_ID_CORSAIR_1000D) },
 661         { }
 662 };
 663
 664 static struct hid_driver ccp_driver = {
 665         .name = "corsair-cpro",
 666         .id_table = ccp_devices,
 667         .probe = ccp_probe,
 668         .remove = ccp_remove,
 669         .raw_event = ccp_raw_event,
 670 };
 671
 672 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(hid, ccp_devices);
 673 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Corsair Commander Pro controller driver");
 674 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 675
 676 static int __init ccp_init(void)
 677 {
 678         return hid_register_driver(&ccp_driver);
 679 }
 680
 681 static void __exit ccp_exit(void)
 682 {
 683         hid_unregister_driver(&ccp_driver);
 684 }
 685
 686 /*
 687  * When compiling this driver as built-in, hwmon initcalls will get called before the
 688  * hid driver and this driver would fail to register. late_initcall solves this.
 689  */
 690 late_initcall(ccp_init);
 691 module_exit(ccp_exit);