1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
3 * core.c - Kernel Live Patching Core
6 * Copyright (C) 2014 SUSE
9 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/mutex.h>
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/list.h>
16 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
17 #include <linux/livepatch.h>
18 #include <linux/elf.h>
19 #include <linux/moduleloader.h>
20 #include <linux/completion.h>
21 #include <linux/memory.h>
22 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
23 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
27 #include "transition.h"
30 * klp_mutex is a coarse lock which serializes access to klp data. All
31 * accesses to klp-related variables and structures must have mutex protection,
32 * except within the following functions which carefully avoid the need for it:
34 * - klp_ftrace_handler()
35 * - klp_update_patch_state()
37 DEFINE_MUTEX(klp_mutex);
40 * Actively used patches: enabled or in transition. Note that replaced
41 * or disabled patches are not listed even though the related kernel
42 * module still can be loaded.
44 LIST_HEAD(klp_patches);
46 static struct kobject *klp_root_kobj;
48 static bool klp_is_module(struct klp_object *obj)
53 /* sets obj->mod if object is not vmlinux and module is found */
54 static void klp_find_object_module(struct klp_object *obj)
58 if (!klp_is_module(obj))
61 rcu_read_lock_sched();
63 * We do not want to block removal of patched modules and therefore
64 * we do not take a reference here. The patches are removed by
65 * klp_module_going() instead.
67 mod = find_module(obj->name);
69 * Do not mess work of klp_module_coming() and klp_module_going().
70 * Note that the patch might still be needed before klp_module_going()
71 * is called. Module functions can be called even in the GOING state
72 * until mod->exit() finishes. This is especially important for
73 * patches that modify semantic of the functions.
75 if (mod && mod->klp_alive)
78 rcu_read_unlock_sched();
81 static bool klp_initialized(void)
83 return !!klp_root_kobj;
86 static struct klp_func *klp_find_func(struct klp_object *obj,
87 struct klp_func *old_func)
89 struct klp_func *func;
91 klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {
92 if ((strcmp(old_func->old_name, func->old_name) == 0) &&
93 (old_func->old_sympos == func->old_sympos)) {
101 static struct klp_object *klp_find_object(struct klp_patch *patch,
102 struct klp_object *old_obj)
104 struct klp_object *obj;
106 klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
107 if (klp_is_module(old_obj)) {
108 if (klp_is_module(obj) &&
109 strcmp(old_obj->name, obj->name) == 0) {
112 } else if (!klp_is_module(obj)) {
120 struct klp_find_arg {
128 static int klp_find_callback(void *data, const char *name,
129 struct module *mod, unsigned long addr)
131 struct klp_find_arg *args = data;
133 if ((mod && !args->objname) || (!mod && args->objname))
136 if (strcmp(args->name, name))
139 if (args->objname && strcmp(args->objname, mod->name))
146 * Finish the search when the symbol is found for the desired position
147 * or the position is not defined for a non-unique symbol.
149 if ((args->pos && (args->count == args->pos)) ||
150 (!args->pos && (args->count > 1)))
156 static int klp_find_object_symbol(const char *objname, const char *name,
157 unsigned long sympos, unsigned long *addr)
159 struct klp_find_arg args = {
168 module_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(klp_find_callback, &args);
170 kallsyms_on_each_symbol(klp_find_callback, &args);
173 * Ensure an address was found. If sympos is 0, ensure symbol is unique;
174 * otherwise ensure the symbol position count matches sympos.
177 pr_err("symbol '%s' not found in symbol table\n", name);
178 else if (args.count > 1 && sympos == 0) {
179 pr_err("unresolvable ambiguity for symbol '%s' in object '%s'\n",
181 } else if (sympos != args.count && sympos > 0) {
182 pr_err("symbol position %lu for symbol '%s' in object '%s' not found\n",
183 sympos, name, objname ? objname : "vmlinux");
193 static int klp_resolve_symbols(Elf64_Shdr *sechdrs, const char *strtab,
194 unsigned int symndx, Elf_Shdr *relasec,
195 const char *sec_objname)
198 char sym_objname[MODULE_NAME_LEN];
199 char sym_name[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
202 unsigned long sympos, addr;
204 bool sec_vmlinux = !strcmp(sec_objname, "vmlinux");
207 * Since the field widths for sym_objname and sym_name in the sscanf()
208 * call are hard-coded and correspond to MODULE_NAME_LEN and
209 * KSYM_NAME_LEN respectively, we must make sure that MODULE_NAME_LEN
210 * and KSYM_NAME_LEN have the values we expect them to have.
212 * Because the value of MODULE_NAME_LEN can differ among architectures,
213 * we use the smallest/strictest upper bound possible (56, based on
214 * the current definition of MODULE_NAME_LEN) to prevent overflows.
216 BUILD_BUG_ON(MODULE_NAME_LEN < 56 || KSYM_NAME_LEN != 128);
218 relas = (Elf_Rela *) relasec->sh_addr;
219 /* For each rela in this klp relocation section */
220 for (i = 0; i < relasec->sh_size / sizeof(Elf_Rela); i++) {
221 sym = (Elf64_Sym *)sechdrs[symndx].sh_addr + ELF_R_SYM(relas[i].r_info);
222 if (sym->st_shndx != SHN_LIVEPATCH) {
223 pr_err("symbol %s is not marked as a livepatch symbol\n",
224 strtab + sym->st_name);
228 /* Format: .klp.sym.sym_objname.sym_name,sympos */
229 cnt = sscanf(strtab + sym->st_name,
230 ".klp.sym.%55[^.].%127[^,],%lu",
231 sym_objname, sym_name, &sympos);
233 pr_err("symbol %s has an incorrectly formatted name\n",
234 strtab + sym->st_name);
238 sym_vmlinux = !strcmp(sym_objname, "vmlinux");
241 * Prevent module-specific KLP rela sections from referencing
242 * vmlinux symbols. This helps prevent ordering issues with
243 * module special section initializations. Presumably such
244 * symbols are exported and normal relas can be used instead.
246 if (!sec_vmlinux && sym_vmlinux) {
247 pr_err("invalid access to vmlinux symbol '%s' from module-specific livepatch relocation section",
252 /* klp_find_object_symbol() treats a NULL objname as vmlinux */
253 ret = klp_find_object_symbol(sym_vmlinux ? NULL : sym_objname,
254 sym_name, sympos, &addr);
258 sym->st_value = addr;
265 * At a high-level, there are two types of klp relocation sections: those which
266 * reference symbols which live in vmlinux; and those which reference symbols
267 * which live in other modules. This function is called for both types:
269 * 1) When a klp module itself loads, the module code calls this function to
270 * write vmlinux-specific klp relocations (.klp.rela.vmlinux.* sections).
271 * These relocations are written to the klp module text to allow the patched
272 * code/data to reference unexported vmlinux symbols. They're written as
273 * early as possible to ensure that other module init code (.e.g.,
274 * jump_label_apply_nops) can access any unexported vmlinux symbols which
275 * might be referenced by the klp module's special sections.
277 * 2) When a to-be-patched module loads -- or is already loaded when a
278 * corresponding klp module loads -- klp code calls this function to write
279 * module-specific klp relocations (.klp.rela.{module}.* sections). These
280 * are written to the klp module text to allow the patched code/data to
281 * reference symbols which live in the to-be-patched module or one of its
282 * module dependencies. Exported symbols are supported, in addition to
283 * unexported symbols, in order to enable late module patching, which allows
284 * the to-be-patched module to be loaded and patched sometime *after* the
285 * klp module is loaded.
287 int klp_apply_section_relocs(struct module *pmod, Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
288 const char *shstrtab, const char *strtab,
289 unsigned int symndx, unsigned int secndx,
293 char sec_objname[MODULE_NAME_LEN];
294 Elf_Shdr *sec = sechdrs + secndx;
297 * Format: .klp.rela.sec_objname.section_name
298 * See comment in klp_resolve_symbols() for an explanation
299 * of the selected field width value.
301 cnt = sscanf(shstrtab + sec->sh_name, ".klp.rela.%55[^.]",
304 pr_err("section %s has an incorrectly formatted name\n",
305 shstrtab + sec->sh_name);
309 if (strcmp(objname ? objname : "vmlinux", sec_objname))
312 ret = klp_resolve_symbols(sechdrs, strtab, symndx, sec, sec_objname);
316 return apply_relocate_add(sechdrs, strtab, symndx, secndx, pmod);
322 * /sys/kernel/livepatch
323 * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>
324 * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/enabled
325 * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/transition
326 * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/force
327 * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object>
328 * /sys/kernel/livepatch/<patch>/<object>/<function,sympos>
330 static int __klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch);
332 static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
333 const char *buf, size_t count)
335 struct klp_patch *patch;
339 ret = kstrtobool(buf, &enabled);
343 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
345 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
347 if (patch->enabled == enabled) {
348 /* already in requested state */
354 * Allow to reverse a pending transition in both ways. It might be
355 * necessary to complete the transition without forcing and breaking
356 * the system integrity.
358 * Do not allow to re-enable a disabled patch.
360 if (patch == klp_transition_patch)
361 klp_reverse_transition();
363 ret = __klp_disable_patch(patch);
368 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
375 static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
376 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
378 struct klp_patch *patch;
380 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
381 return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%d\n", patch->enabled);
384 static ssize_t transition_show(struct kobject *kobj,
385 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
387 struct klp_patch *patch;
389 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
390 return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE-1, "%d\n",
391 patch == klp_transition_patch);
394 static ssize_t force_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
395 const char *buf, size_t count)
397 struct klp_patch *patch;
401 ret = kstrtobool(buf, &val);
408 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
410 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
411 if (patch != klp_transition_patch) {
412 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
416 klp_force_transition();
418 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
423 static struct kobj_attribute enabled_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RW(enabled);
424 static struct kobj_attribute transition_kobj_attr = __ATTR_RO(transition);
425 static struct kobj_attribute force_kobj_attr = __ATTR_WO(force);
426 static struct attribute *klp_patch_attrs[] = {
427 &enabled_kobj_attr.attr,
428 &transition_kobj_attr.attr,
429 &force_kobj_attr.attr,
432 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(klp_patch);
434 static void klp_free_object_dynamic(struct klp_object *obj)
440 static void klp_init_func_early(struct klp_object *obj,
441 struct klp_func *func);
442 static void klp_init_object_early(struct klp_patch *patch,
443 struct klp_object *obj);
445 static struct klp_object *klp_alloc_object_dynamic(const char *name,
446 struct klp_patch *patch)
448 struct klp_object *obj;
450 obj = kzalloc(sizeof(*obj), GFP_KERNEL);
455 obj->name = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
462 klp_init_object_early(patch, obj);
468 static void klp_free_func_nop(struct klp_func *func)
470 kfree(func->old_name);
474 static struct klp_func *klp_alloc_func_nop(struct klp_func *old_func,
475 struct klp_object *obj)
477 struct klp_func *func;
479 func = kzalloc(sizeof(*func), GFP_KERNEL);
483 if (old_func->old_name) {
484 func->old_name = kstrdup(old_func->old_name, GFP_KERNEL);
485 if (!func->old_name) {
491 klp_init_func_early(obj, func);
493 * func->new_func is same as func->old_func. These addresses are
494 * set when the object is loaded, see klp_init_object_loaded().
496 func->old_sympos = old_func->old_sympos;
502 static int klp_add_object_nops(struct klp_patch *patch,
503 struct klp_object *old_obj)
505 struct klp_object *obj;
506 struct klp_func *func, *old_func;
508 obj = klp_find_object(patch, old_obj);
511 obj = klp_alloc_object_dynamic(old_obj->name, patch);
516 klp_for_each_func(old_obj, old_func) {
517 func = klp_find_func(obj, old_func);
521 func = klp_alloc_func_nop(old_func, obj);
530 * Add 'nop' functions which simply return to the caller to run
531 * the original function. The 'nop' functions are added to a
532 * patch to facilitate a 'replace' mode.
534 static int klp_add_nops(struct klp_patch *patch)
536 struct klp_patch *old_patch;
537 struct klp_object *old_obj;
539 klp_for_each_patch(old_patch) {
540 klp_for_each_object(old_patch, old_obj) {
543 err = klp_add_object_nops(patch, old_obj);
552 static void klp_kobj_release_patch(struct kobject *kobj)
554 struct klp_patch *patch;
556 patch = container_of(kobj, struct klp_patch, kobj);
557 complete(&patch->finish);
560 static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_patch = {
561 .release = klp_kobj_release_patch,
562 .sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
563 .default_groups = klp_patch_groups,
566 static void klp_kobj_release_object(struct kobject *kobj)
568 struct klp_object *obj;
570 obj = container_of(kobj, struct klp_object, kobj);
573 klp_free_object_dynamic(obj);
576 static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_object = {
577 .release = klp_kobj_release_object,
578 .sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
581 static void klp_kobj_release_func(struct kobject *kobj)
583 struct klp_func *func;
585 func = container_of(kobj, struct klp_func, kobj);
588 klp_free_func_nop(func);
591 static struct kobj_type klp_ktype_func = {
592 .release = klp_kobj_release_func,
593 .sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
596 static void __klp_free_funcs(struct klp_object *obj, bool nops_only)
598 struct klp_func *func, *tmp_func;
600 klp_for_each_func_safe(obj, func, tmp_func) {
601 if (nops_only && !func->nop)
604 list_del(&func->node);
605 kobject_put(&func->kobj);
609 /* Clean up when a patched object is unloaded */
610 static void klp_free_object_loaded(struct klp_object *obj)
612 struct klp_func *func;
616 klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {
617 func->old_func = NULL;
620 func->new_func = NULL;
624 static void __klp_free_objects(struct klp_patch *patch, bool nops_only)
626 struct klp_object *obj, *tmp_obj;
628 klp_for_each_object_safe(patch, obj, tmp_obj) {
629 __klp_free_funcs(obj, nops_only);
631 if (nops_only && !obj->dynamic)
634 list_del(&obj->node);
635 kobject_put(&obj->kobj);
639 static void klp_free_objects(struct klp_patch *patch)
641 __klp_free_objects(patch, false);
644 static void klp_free_objects_dynamic(struct klp_patch *patch)
646 __klp_free_objects(patch, true);
650 * This function implements the free operations that can be called safely
653 * The operation must be completed by calling klp_free_patch_finish()
656 static void klp_free_patch_start(struct klp_patch *patch)
658 if (!list_empty(&patch->list))
659 list_del(&patch->list);
661 klp_free_objects(patch);
665 * This function implements the free part that must be called outside
668 * It must be called after klp_free_patch_start(). And it has to be
669 * the last function accessing the livepatch structures when the patch
672 static void klp_free_patch_finish(struct klp_patch *patch)
675 * Avoid deadlock with enabled_store() sysfs callback by
676 * calling this outside klp_mutex. It is safe because
677 * this is called when the patch gets disabled and it
678 * cannot get enabled again.
680 kobject_put(&patch->kobj);
681 wait_for_completion(&patch->finish);
683 /* Put the module after the last access to struct klp_patch. */
685 module_put(patch->mod);
689 * The livepatch might be freed from sysfs interface created by the patch.
690 * This work allows to wait until the interface is destroyed in a separate
693 static void klp_free_patch_work_fn(struct work_struct *work)
695 struct klp_patch *patch =
696 container_of(work, struct klp_patch, free_work);
698 klp_free_patch_finish(patch);
701 void klp_free_patch_async(struct klp_patch *patch)
703 klp_free_patch_start(patch);
704 schedule_work(&patch->free_work);
707 void klp_free_replaced_patches_async(struct klp_patch *new_patch)
709 struct klp_patch *old_patch, *tmp_patch;
711 klp_for_each_patch_safe(old_patch, tmp_patch) {
712 if (old_patch == new_patch)
714 klp_free_patch_async(old_patch);
718 static int klp_init_func(struct klp_object *obj, struct klp_func *func)
724 * NOPs get the address later. The patched module must be loaded,
725 * see klp_init_object_loaded().
727 if (!func->new_func && !func->nop)
730 if (strlen(func->old_name) >= KSYM_NAME_LEN)
733 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&func->stack_node);
734 func->patched = false;
735 func->transition = false;
737 /* The format for the sysfs directory is <function,sympos> where sympos
738 * is the nth occurrence of this symbol in kallsyms for the patched
739 * object. If the user selects 0 for old_sympos, then 1 will be used
740 * since a unique symbol will be the first occurrence.
742 return kobject_add(&func->kobj, &obj->kobj, "%s,%lu",
744 func->old_sympos ? func->old_sympos : 1);
747 static int klp_apply_object_relocs(struct klp_patch *patch,
748 struct klp_object *obj)
751 struct klp_modinfo *info = patch->mod->klp_info;
753 for (i = 1; i < info->hdr.e_shnum; i++) {
754 Elf_Shdr *sec = info->sechdrs + i;
756 if (!(sec->sh_flags & SHF_RELA_LIVEPATCH))
759 ret = klp_apply_section_relocs(patch->mod, info->sechdrs,
761 patch->mod->core_kallsyms.strtab,
762 info->symndx, i, obj->name);
770 /* parts of the initialization that is done only when the object is loaded */
771 static int klp_init_object_loaded(struct klp_patch *patch,
772 struct klp_object *obj)
774 struct klp_func *func;
777 if (klp_is_module(obj)) {
779 * Only write module-specific relocations here
780 * (.klp.rela.{module}.*). vmlinux-specific relocations were
781 * written earlier during the initialization of the klp module
784 ret = klp_apply_object_relocs(patch, obj);
789 klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {
790 ret = klp_find_object_symbol(obj->name, func->old_name,
792 (unsigned long *)&func->old_func);
796 ret = kallsyms_lookup_size_offset((unsigned long)func->old_func,
797 &func->old_size, NULL);
799 pr_err("kallsyms size lookup failed for '%s'\n",
805 func->new_func = func->old_func;
807 ret = kallsyms_lookup_size_offset((unsigned long)func->new_func,
808 &func->new_size, NULL);
810 pr_err("kallsyms size lookup failed for '%s' replacement\n",
819 static int klp_init_object(struct klp_patch *patch, struct klp_object *obj)
821 struct klp_func *func;
825 if (klp_is_module(obj) && strlen(obj->name) >= MODULE_NAME_LEN)
828 obj->patched = false;
831 klp_find_object_module(obj);
833 name = klp_is_module(obj) ? obj->name : "vmlinux";
834 ret = kobject_add(&obj->kobj, &patch->kobj, "%s", name);
838 klp_for_each_func(obj, func) {
839 ret = klp_init_func(obj, func);
844 if (klp_is_object_loaded(obj))
845 ret = klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
850 static void klp_init_func_early(struct klp_object *obj,
851 struct klp_func *func)
853 kobject_init(&func->kobj, &klp_ktype_func);
854 list_add_tail(&func->node, &obj->func_list);
857 static void klp_init_object_early(struct klp_patch *patch,
858 struct klp_object *obj)
860 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&obj->func_list);
861 kobject_init(&obj->kobj, &klp_ktype_object);
862 list_add_tail(&obj->node, &patch->obj_list);
865 static int klp_init_patch_early(struct klp_patch *patch)
867 struct klp_object *obj;
868 struct klp_func *func;
873 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&patch->list);
874 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&patch->obj_list);
875 kobject_init(&patch->kobj, &klp_ktype_patch);
876 patch->enabled = false;
877 patch->forced = false;
878 INIT_WORK(&patch->free_work, klp_free_patch_work_fn);
879 init_completion(&patch->finish);
881 klp_for_each_object_static(patch, obj) {
885 klp_init_object_early(patch, obj);
887 klp_for_each_func_static(obj, func) {
888 klp_init_func_early(obj, func);
892 if (!try_module_get(patch->mod))
898 static int klp_init_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
900 struct klp_object *obj;
903 ret = kobject_add(&patch->kobj, klp_root_kobj, "%s", patch->mod->name);
907 if (patch->replace) {
908 ret = klp_add_nops(patch);
913 klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
914 ret = klp_init_object(patch, obj);
919 list_add_tail(&patch->list, &klp_patches);
924 static int __klp_disable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
926 struct klp_object *obj;
928 if (WARN_ON(!patch->enabled))
931 if (klp_transition_patch)
934 klp_init_transition(patch, KLP_UNPATCHED);
936 klp_for_each_object(patch, obj)
938 klp_pre_unpatch_callback(obj);
941 * Enforce the order of the func->transition writes in
942 * klp_init_transition() and the TIF_PATCH_PENDING writes in
943 * klp_start_transition(). In the rare case where klp_ftrace_handler()
944 * is called shortly after klp_update_patch_state() switches the task,
945 * this ensures the handler sees that func->transition is set.
949 klp_start_transition();
950 patch->enabled = false;
951 klp_try_complete_transition();
956 static int __klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
958 struct klp_object *obj;
961 if (klp_transition_patch)
964 if (WARN_ON(patch->enabled))
967 pr_notice("enabling patch '%s'\n", patch->mod->name);
969 klp_init_transition(patch, KLP_PATCHED);
972 * Enforce the order of the func->transition writes in
973 * klp_init_transition() and the ops->func_stack writes in
974 * klp_patch_object(), so that klp_ftrace_handler() will see the
975 * func->transition updates before the handler is registered and the
976 * new funcs become visible to the handler.
980 klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
981 if (!klp_is_object_loaded(obj))
984 ret = klp_pre_patch_callback(obj);
986 pr_warn("pre-patch callback failed for object '%s'\n",
987 klp_is_module(obj) ? obj->name : "vmlinux");
991 ret = klp_patch_object(obj);
993 pr_warn("failed to patch object '%s'\n",
994 klp_is_module(obj) ? obj->name : "vmlinux");
999 klp_start_transition();
1000 patch->enabled = true;
1001 klp_try_complete_transition();
1005 pr_warn("failed to enable patch '%s'\n", patch->mod->name);
1007 klp_cancel_transition();
1012 * klp_enable_patch() - enable the livepatch
1013 * @patch: patch to be enabled
1015 * Initializes the data structure associated with the patch, creates the sysfs
1016 * interface, performs the needed symbol lookups and code relocations,
1017 * registers the patched functions with ftrace.
1019 * This function is supposed to be called from the livepatch module_init()
1022 * Return: 0 on success, otherwise error
1024 int klp_enable_patch(struct klp_patch *patch)
1028 if (!patch || !patch->mod)
1031 if (!is_livepatch_module(patch->mod)) {
1032 pr_err("module %s is not marked as a livepatch module\n",
1037 if (!klp_initialized())
1040 if (!klp_have_reliable_stack()) {
1041 pr_warn("This architecture doesn't have support for the livepatch consistency model.\n");
1042 pr_warn("The livepatch transition may never complete.\n");
1045 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
1047 if (!klp_is_patch_compatible(patch)) {
1048 pr_err("Livepatch patch (%s) is not compatible with the already installed livepatches.\n",
1050 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1054 ret = klp_init_patch_early(patch);
1056 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1060 ret = klp_init_patch(patch);
1064 ret = __klp_enable_patch(patch);
1068 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1073 klp_free_patch_start(patch);
1075 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1077 klp_free_patch_finish(patch);
1081 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(klp_enable_patch);
1084 * This function unpatches objects from the replaced livepatches.
1086 * We could be pretty aggressive here. It is called in the situation where
1087 * these structures are no longer accessed from the ftrace handler.
1088 * All functions are redirected by the klp_transition_patch. They
1089 * use either a new code or they are in the original code because
1090 * of the special nop function patches.
1092 * The only exception is when the transition was forced. In this case,
1093 * klp_ftrace_handler() might still see the replaced patch on the stack.
1094 * Fortunately, it is carefully designed to work with removed functions
1095 * thanks to RCU. We only have to keep the patches on the system. Also
1096 * this is handled transparently by patch->module_put.
1098 void klp_unpatch_replaced_patches(struct klp_patch *new_patch)
1100 struct klp_patch *old_patch;
1102 klp_for_each_patch(old_patch) {
1103 if (old_patch == new_patch)
1106 old_patch->enabled = false;
1107 klp_unpatch_objects(old_patch);
1112 * This function removes the dynamically allocated 'nop' functions.
1114 * We could be pretty aggressive. NOPs do not change the existing
1115 * behavior except for adding unnecessary delay by the ftrace handler.
1117 * It is safe even when the transition was forced. The ftrace handler
1118 * will see a valid ops->func_stack entry thanks to RCU.
1120 * We could even free the NOPs structures. They must be the last entry
1121 * in ops->func_stack. Therefore unregister_ftrace_function() is called.
1122 * It does the same as klp_synchronize_transition() to make sure that
1123 * nobody is inside the ftrace handler once the operation finishes.
1125 * IMPORTANT: It must be called right after removing the replaced patches!
1127 void klp_discard_nops(struct klp_patch *new_patch)
1129 klp_unpatch_objects_dynamic(klp_transition_patch);
1130 klp_free_objects_dynamic(klp_transition_patch);
1134 * Remove parts of patches that touch a given kernel module. The list of
1135 * patches processed might be limited. When limit is NULL, all patches
1138 static void klp_cleanup_module_patches_limited(struct module *mod,
1139 struct klp_patch *limit)
1141 struct klp_patch *patch;
1142 struct klp_object *obj;
1144 klp_for_each_patch(patch) {
1148 klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
1149 if (!klp_is_module(obj) || strcmp(obj->name, mod->name))
1152 if (patch != klp_transition_patch)
1153 klp_pre_unpatch_callback(obj);
1155 pr_notice("reverting patch '%s' on unloading module '%s'\n",
1156 patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name);
1157 klp_unpatch_object(obj);
1159 klp_post_unpatch_callback(obj);
1161 klp_free_object_loaded(obj);
1167 int klp_module_coming(struct module *mod)
1170 struct klp_patch *patch;
1171 struct klp_object *obj;
1173 if (WARN_ON(mod->state != MODULE_STATE_COMING))
1176 if (!strcmp(mod->name, "vmlinux")) {
1177 pr_err("vmlinux.ko: invalid module name");
1181 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
1183 * Each module has to know that klp_module_coming()
1184 * has been called. We never know what module will
1185 * get patched by a new patch.
1187 mod->klp_alive = true;
1189 klp_for_each_patch(patch) {
1190 klp_for_each_object(patch, obj) {
1191 if (!klp_is_module(obj) || strcmp(obj->name, mod->name))
1196 ret = klp_init_object_loaded(patch, obj);
1198 pr_warn("failed to initialize patch '%s' for module '%s' (%d)\n",
1199 patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name, ret);
1203 pr_notice("applying patch '%s' to loading module '%s'\n",
1204 patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name);
1206 ret = klp_pre_patch_callback(obj);
1208 pr_warn("pre-patch callback failed for object '%s'\n",
1213 ret = klp_patch_object(obj);
1215 pr_warn("failed to apply patch '%s' to module '%s' (%d)\n",
1216 patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name, ret);
1218 klp_post_unpatch_callback(obj);
1222 if (patch != klp_transition_patch)
1223 klp_post_patch_callback(obj);
1229 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1235 * If a patch is unsuccessfully applied, return
1236 * error to the module loader.
1238 pr_warn("patch '%s' failed for module '%s', refusing to load module '%s'\n",
1239 patch->mod->name, obj->mod->name, obj->mod->name);
1240 mod->klp_alive = false;
1242 klp_cleanup_module_patches_limited(mod, patch);
1243 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1248 void klp_module_going(struct module *mod)
1250 if (WARN_ON(mod->state != MODULE_STATE_GOING &&
1251 mod->state != MODULE_STATE_COMING))
1254 mutex_lock(&klp_mutex);
1256 * Each module has to know that klp_module_going()
1257 * has been called. We never know what module will
1258 * get patched by a new patch.
1260 mod->klp_alive = false;
1262 klp_cleanup_module_patches_limited(mod, NULL);
1264 mutex_unlock(&klp_mutex);
1267 static int __init klp_init(void)
1269 klp_root_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("livepatch", kernel_kobj);
1276 module_init(klp_init);