2 * slcan.c - serial line CAN interface driver (using tty line discipline)
4 * This file is derived from linux/drivers/net/slip/slip.c
10 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
11 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
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17 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
18 * General Public License for more details.
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23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
24 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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33 * OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
38 #include <linux/module.h>
39 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
41 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
42 #include <linux/bitops.h>
43 #include <linux/string.h>
44 #include <linux/tty.h>
45 #include <linux/errno.h>
46 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
47 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
48 #include <linux/rtnetlink.h>
49 #include <linux/if_arp.h>
50 #include <linux/if_ether.h>
51 #include <linux/sched.h>
52 #include <linux/delay.h>
53 #include <linux/init.h>
54 #include <linux/kernel.h>
55 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
56 #include <linux/can.h>
57 #include <linux/can/skb.h>
58 #include <linux/can/can-ml.h>
60 MODULE_ALIAS_LDISC(N_SLCAN);
61 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("serial line CAN interface");
62 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
65 #define SLCAN_MAGIC 0x53CA
67 static int maxdev = 10; /* MAX number of SLCAN channels;
68 This can be overridden with
69 insmod slcan.ko maxdev=nnn */
70 module_param(maxdev, int, 0);
71 MODULE_PARM_DESC(maxdev, "Maximum number of slcan interfaces");
73 /* maximum rx buffer len: extended CAN frame with timestamp */
74 #define SLC_MTU (sizeof("T1111222281122334455667788EA5F\r")+1)
77 #define SLC_SFF_ID_LEN 3
78 #define SLC_EFF_ID_LEN 8
84 struct tty_struct *tty; /* ptr to TTY structure */
85 struct net_device *dev; /* easy for intr handling */
87 struct work_struct tx_work; /* Flushes transmit buffer */
89 /* These are pointers to the malloc()ed frame buffers. */
90 unsigned char rbuff[SLC_MTU]; /* receiver buffer */
91 int rcount; /* received chars counter */
92 unsigned char xbuff[SLC_MTU]; /* transmitter buffer */
93 unsigned char *xhead; /* pointer to next XMIT byte */
94 int xleft; /* bytes left in XMIT queue */
96 unsigned long flags; /* Flag values/ mode etc */
97 #define SLF_INUSE 0 /* Channel in use */
98 #define SLF_ERROR 1 /* Parity, etc. error */
101 static struct net_device **slcan_devs;
103 /************************************************************************
104 * SLCAN ENCAPSULATION FORMAT *
105 ************************************************************************/
108 * A CAN frame has a can_id (11 bit standard frame format OR 29 bit extended
109 * frame format) a data length code (len) which can be from 0 to 8
110 * and up to <len> data bytes as payload.
111 * Additionally a CAN frame may become a remote transmission frame if the
112 * RTR-bit is set. This causes another ECU to send a CAN frame with the
115 * The SLCAN ASCII representation of these different frame types is:
116 * <type> <id> <dlc> <data>*
118 * Extended frames (29 bit) are defined by capital characters in the type.
119 * RTR frames are defined as 'r' types - normal frames have 't' type:
120 * t => 11 bit data frame
121 * r => 11 bit RTR frame
122 * T => 29 bit data frame
123 * R => 29 bit RTR frame
125 * The <id> is 3 (standard) or 8 (extended) bytes in ASCII Hex (base64).
126 * The <dlc> is a one byte ASCII number ('0' - '8')
127 * The <data> section has at much ASCII Hex bytes as defined by the <dlc>
131 * t1230 : can_id 0x123, len 0, no data
132 * t4563112233 : can_id 0x456, len 3, data 0x11 0x22 0x33
133 * T12ABCDEF2AA55 : extended can_id 0x12ABCDEF, len 2, data 0xAA 0x55
134 * r1230 : can_id 0x123, len 0, no data, remote transmission request
138 /************************************************************************
139 * STANDARD SLCAN DECAPSULATION *
140 ************************************************************************/
142 /* Send one completely decapsulated can_frame to the network layer */
143 static void slc_bump(struct slcan *sl)
149 char *cmd = sl->rbuff;
151 memset(&cf, 0, sizeof(cf));
155 cf.can_id = CAN_RTR_FLAG;
158 /* store dlc ASCII value and terminate SFF CAN ID string */
159 cf.len = sl->rbuff[SLC_CMD_LEN + SLC_SFF_ID_LEN];
160 sl->rbuff[SLC_CMD_LEN + SLC_SFF_ID_LEN] = 0;
161 /* point to payload data behind the dlc */
162 cmd += SLC_CMD_LEN + SLC_SFF_ID_LEN + 1;
165 cf.can_id = CAN_RTR_FLAG;
168 cf.can_id |= CAN_EFF_FLAG;
169 /* store dlc ASCII value and terminate EFF CAN ID string */
170 cf.len = sl->rbuff[SLC_CMD_LEN + SLC_EFF_ID_LEN];
171 sl->rbuff[SLC_CMD_LEN + SLC_EFF_ID_LEN] = 0;
172 /* point to payload data behind the dlc */
173 cmd += SLC_CMD_LEN + SLC_EFF_ID_LEN + 1;
179 if (kstrtou32(sl->rbuff + SLC_CMD_LEN, 16, &tmpid))
184 /* get len from sanitized ASCII value */
185 if (cf.len >= '0' && cf.len < '9')
190 /* RTR frames may have a dlc > 0 but they never have any data bytes */
191 if (!(cf.can_id & CAN_RTR_FLAG)) {
192 for (i = 0; i < cf.len; i++) {
193 tmp = hex_to_bin(*cmd++);
196 cf.data[i] = (tmp << 4);
197 tmp = hex_to_bin(*cmd++);
204 skb = dev_alloc_skb(sizeof(struct can_frame) +
205 sizeof(struct can_skb_priv));
210 skb->protocol = htons(ETH_P_CAN);
211 skb->pkt_type = PACKET_BROADCAST;
212 skb->ip_summed = CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY;
214 can_skb_reserve(skb);
215 can_skb_prv(skb)->ifindex = sl->dev->ifindex;
216 can_skb_prv(skb)->skbcnt = 0;
218 skb_put_data(skb, &cf, sizeof(struct can_frame));
220 sl->dev->stats.rx_packets++;
221 sl->dev->stats.rx_bytes += cf.len;
225 /* parse tty input stream */
226 static void slcan_unesc(struct slcan *sl, unsigned char s)
228 if ((s == '\r') || (s == '\a')) { /* CR or BEL ends the pdu */
229 if (!test_and_clear_bit(SLF_ERROR, &sl->flags) &&
235 if (!test_bit(SLF_ERROR, &sl->flags)) {
236 if (sl->rcount < SLC_MTU) {
237 sl->rbuff[sl->rcount++] = s;
240 sl->dev->stats.rx_over_errors++;
241 set_bit(SLF_ERROR, &sl->flags);
247 /************************************************************************
248 * STANDARD SLCAN ENCAPSULATION *
249 ************************************************************************/
251 /* Encapsulate one can_frame and stuff into a TTY queue. */
252 static void slc_encaps(struct slcan *sl, struct can_frame *cf)
256 unsigned char *endpos;
257 canid_t id = cf->can_id;
261 if (cf->can_id & CAN_RTR_FLAG)
262 *pos = 'R'; /* becomes 'r' in standard frame format (SFF) */
264 *pos = 'T'; /* becomes 't' in standard frame format (SSF) */
266 /* determine number of chars for the CAN-identifier */
267 if (cf->can_id & CAN_EFF_FLAG) {
269 endpos = pos + SLC_EFF_ID_LEN;
271 *pos |= 0x20; /* convert R/T to lower case for SFF */
273 endpos = pos + SLC_SFF_ID_LEN;
276 /* build 3 (SFF) or 8 (EFF) digit CAN identifier */
278 while (endpos >= pos) {
279 *endpos-- = hex_asc_upper[id & 0xf];
283 pos += (cf->can_id & CAN_EFF_FLAG) ? SLC_EFF_ID_LEN : SLC_SFF_ID_LEN;
285 *pos++ = cf->len + '0';
287 /* RTR frames may have a dlc > 0 but they never have any data bytes */
288 if (!(cf->can_id & CAN_RTR_FLAG)) {
289 for (i = 0; i < cf->len; i++)
290 pos = hex_byte_pack_upper(pos, cf->data[i]);
295 /* Order of next two lines is *very* important.
296 * When we are sending a little amount of data,
297 * the transfer may be completed inside the ops->write()
298 * routine, because it's running with interrupts enabled.
299 * In this case we *never* got WRITE_WAKEUP event,
300 * if we did not request it before write operation.
301 * 14 Oct 1994 Dmitry Gorodchanin.
303 set_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &sl->tty->flags);
304 actual = sl->tty->ops->write(sl->tty, sl->xbuff, pos - sl->xbuff);
305 sl->xleft = (pos - sl->xbuff) - actual;
306 sl->xhead = sl->xbuff + actual;
307 sl->dev->stats.tx_bytes += cf->len;
310 /* Write out any remaining transmit buffer. Scheduled when tty is writable */
311 static void slcan_transmit(struct work_struct *work)
313 struct slcan *sl = container_of(work, struct slcan, tx_work);
316 spin_lock_bh(&sl->lock);
317 /* First make sure we're connected. */
318 if (!sl->tty || sl->magic != SLCAN_MAGIC || !netif_running(sl->dev)) {
319 spin_unlock_bh(&sl->lock);
323 if (sl->xleft <= 0) {
324 /* Now serial buffer is almost free & we can start
325 * transmission of another packet */
326 sl->dev->stats.tx_packets++;
327 clear_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &sl->tty->flags);
328 spin_unlock_bh(&sl->lock);
329 netif_wake_queue(sl->dev);
333 actual = sl->tty->ops->write(sl->tty, sl->xhead, sl->xleft);
336 spin_unlock_bh(&sl->lock);
340 * Called by the driver when there's room for more data.
341 * Schedule the transmit.
343 static void slcan_write_wakeup(struct tty_struct *tty)
348 sl = rcu_dereference(tty->disc_data);
350 schedule_work(&sl->tx_work);
354 /* Send a can_frame to a TTY queue. */
355 static netdev_tx_t slc_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb, struct net_device *dev)
357 struct slcan *sl = netdev_priv(dev);
359 if (skb->len != CAN_MTU)
362 spin_lock(&sl->lock);
363 if (!netif_running(dev)) {
364 spin_unlock(&sl->lock);
365 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: xmit: iface is down\n", dev->name);
368 if (sl->tty == NULL) {
369 spin_unlock(&sl->lock);
373 netif_stop_queue(sl->dev);
374 slc_encaps(sl, (struct can_frame *) skb->data); /* encaps & send */
375 spin_unlock(&sl->lock);
383 /******************************************
384 * Routines looking at netdevice side.
385 ******************************************/
387 /* Netdevice UP -> DOWN routine */
388 static int slc_close(struct net_device *dev)
390 struct slcan *sl = netdev_priv(dev);
392 spin_lock_bh(&sl->lock);
394 /* TTY discipline is running. */
395 clear_bit(TTY_DO_WRITE_WAKEUP, &sl->tty->flags);
397 netif_stop_queue(dev);
400 spin_unlock_bh(&sl->lock);
405 /* Netdevice DOWN -> UP routine */
406 static int slc_open(struct net_device *dev)
408 struct slcan *sl = netdev_priv(dev);
413 sl->flags &= (1 << SLF_INUSE);
414 netif_start_queue(dev);
418 /* Hook the destructor so we can free slcan devs at the right point in time */
419 static void slc_free_netdev(struct net_device *dev)
421 int i = dev->base_addr;
423 slcan_devs[i] = NULL;
426 static int slcan_change_mtu(struct net_device *dev, int new_mtu)
431 static const struct net_device_ops slc_netdev_ops = {
432 .ndo_open = slc_open,
433 .ndo_stop = slc_close,
434 .ndo_start_xmit = slc_xmit,
435 .ndo_change_mtu = slcan_change_mtu,
438 static void slc_setup(struct net_device *dev)
440 dev->netdev_ops = &slc_netdev_ops;
441 dev->needs_free_netdev = true;
442 dev->priv_destructor = slc_free_netdev;
444 dev->hard_header_len = 0;
446 dev->tx_queue_len = 10;
449 dev->type = ARPHRD_CAN;
451 /* New-style flags. */
452 dev->flags = IFF_NOARP;
453 dev->features = NETIF_F_HW_CSUM;
456 /******************************************
457 Routines looking at TTY side.
458 ******************************************/
461 * Handle the 'receiver data ready' interrupt.
462 * This function is called by the 'tty_io' module in the kernel when
463 * a block of SLCAN data has been received, which can now be decapsulated
464 * and sent on to some IP layer for further processing. This will not
465 * be re-entered while running but other ldisc functions may be called
469 static void slcan_receive_buf(struct tty_struct *tty,
470 const unsigned char *cp, const char *fp,
473 struct slcan *sl = (struct slcan *) tty->disc_data;
475 if (!sl || sl->magic != SLCAN_MAGIC || !netif_running(sl->dev))
478 /* Read the characters out of the buffer */
481 if (!test_and_set_bit(SLF_ERROR, &sl->flags))
482 sl->dev->stats.rx_errors++;
486 slcan_unesc(sl, *cp++);
490 /************************************
491 * slcan_open helper routines.
492 ************************************/
494 /* Collect hanged up channels */
495 static void slc_sync(void)
498 struct net_device *dev;
501 for (i = 0; i < maxdev; i++) {
506 sl = netdev_priv(dev);
509 if (dev->flags & IFF_UP)
514 /* Find a free SLCAN channel, and link in this `tty' line. */
515 static struct slcan *slc_alloc(void)
519 struct net_device *dev = NULL;
520 struct can_ml_priv *can_ml;
524 for (i = 0; i < maxdev; i++) {
531 /* Sorry, too many, all slots in use */
535 sprintf(name, "slcan%d", i);
536 size = ALIGN(sizeof(*sl), NETDEV_ALIGN) + sizeof(struct can_ml_priv);
537 dev = alloc_netdev(size, name, NET_NAME_UNKNOWN, slc_setup);
542 sl = netdev_priv(dev);
543 can_ml = (void *)sl + ALIGN(sizeof(*sl), NETDEV_ALIGN);
544 can_set_ml_priv(dev, can_ml);
546 /* Initialize channel control data */
547 sl->magic = SLCAN_MAGIC;
549 spin_lock_init(&sl->lock);
550 INIT_WORK(&sl->tx_work, slcan_transmit);
557 * Open the high-level part of the SLCAN channel.
558 * This function is called by the TTY module when the
559 * SLCAN line discipline is called for. Because we are
560 * sure the tty line exists, we only have to link it to
561 * a free SLCAN channel...
563 * Called in process context serialized from other ldisc calls.
566 static int slcan_open(struct tty_struct *tty)
571 if (!capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN))
574 if (tty->ops->write == NULL)
577 /* RTnetlink lock is misused here to serialize concurrent
578 opens of slcan channels. There are better ways, but it is
583 /* Collect hanged up channels. */
589 /* First make sure we're not already connected. */
590 if (sl && sl->magic == SLCAN_MAGIC)
593 /* OK. Find a free SLCAN channel to use. */
602 if (!test_bit(SLF_INUSE, &sl->flags)) {
603 /* Perform the low-level SLCAN initialization. */
607 set_bit(SLF_INUSE, &sl->flags);
609 err = register_netdevice(sl->dev);
614 /* Done. We have linked the TTY line to a channel. */
616 tty->receive_room = 65536; /* We don't flow control */
618 /* TTY layer expects 0 on success */
623 tty->disc_data = NULL;
624 clear_bit(SLF_INUSE, &sl->flags);
625 slc_free_netdev(sl->dev);
626 /* do not call free_netdev before rtnl_unlock */
628 free_netdev(sl->dev);
634 /* Count references from TTY module */
639 * Close down a SLCAN channel.
640 * This means flushing out any pending queues, and then returning. This
641 * call is serialized against other ldisc functions.
643 * We also use this method for a hangup event.
646 static void slcan_close(struct tty_struct *tty)
648 struct slcan *sl = (struct slcan *) tty->disc_data;
650 /* First make sure we're connected. */
651 if (!sl || sl->magic != SLCAN_MAGIC || sl->tty != tty)
654 spin_lock_bh(&sl->lock);
655 rcu_assign_pointer(tty->disc_data, NULL);
657 spin_unlock_bh(&sl->lock);
660 flush_work(&sl->tx_work);
662 /* Flush network side */
663 unregister_netdev(sl->dev);
664 /* This will complete via sl_free_netdev */
667 static int slcan_hangup(struct tty_struct *tty)
673 /* Perform I/O control on an active SLCAN channel. */
674 static int slcan_ioctl(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
675 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
677 struct slcan *sl = (struct slcan *) tty->disc_data;
680 /* First make sure we're connected. */
681 if (!sl || sl->magic != SLCAN_MAGIC)
686 tmp = strlen(sl->dev->name) + 1;
687 if (copy_to_user((void __user *)arg, sl->dev->name, tmp))
695 return tty_mode_ioctl(tty, file, cmd, arg);
699 static struct tty_ldisc_ops slc_ldisc = {
700 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
704 .close = slcan_close,
705 .hangup = slcan_hangup,
706 .ioctl = slcan_ioctl,
707 .receive_buf = slcan_receive_buf,
708 .write_wakeup = slcan_write_wakeup,
711 static int __init slcan_init(void)
716 maxdev = 4; /* Sanity */
718 pr_info("slcan: serial line CAN interface driver\n");
719 pr_info("slcan: %d dynamic interface channels.\n", maxdev);
721 slcan_devs = kcalloc(maxdev, sizeof(struct net_device *), GFP_KERNEL);
725 /* Fill in our line protocol discipline, and register it */
726 status = tty_register_ldisc(&slc_ldisc);
728 printk(KERN_ERR "slcan: can't register line discipline\n");
734 static void __exit slcan_exit(void)
737 struct net_device *dev;
739 unsigned long timeout = jiffies + HZ;
742 if (slcan_devs == NULL)
745 /* First of all: check for active disciplines and hangup them.
749 msleep_interruptible(100);
752 for (i = 0; i < maxdev; i++) {
756 sl = netdev_priv(dev);
757 spin_lock_bh(&sl->lock);
762 spin_unlock_bh(&sl->lock);
764 } while (busy && time_before(jiffies, timeout));
766 /* FIXME: hangup is async so we should wait when doing this second
769 for (i = 0; i < maxdev; i++) {
773 slcan_devs[i] = NULL;
775 sl = netdev_priv(dev);
777 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: tty discipline still running\n",
781 unregister_netdev(dev);
787 tty_unregister_ldisc(&slc_ldisc);
790 module_init(slcan_init);
791 module_exit(slcan_exit);