1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * File: drivers/pci/pcie/aspm.c
4 * Enabling PCIe link L0s/L1 state and Clock Power Management
6 * Copyright (C) 2007 Intel
11 #include <linux/kernel.h>
12 #include <linux/module.h>
13 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
14 #include <linux/pci.h>
15 #include <linux/pci_regs.h>
16 #include <linux/errno.h>
18 #include <linux/init.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/pci-aspm.h>
25 #ifdef MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX
26 #undef MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX
28 #define MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX "pcie_aspm."
30 /* Note: those are not register definitions */
31 #define ASPM_STATE_L0S_UP (1) /* Upstream direction L0s state */
32 #define ASPM_STATE_L0S_DW (2) /* Downstream direction L0s state */
33 #define ASPM_STATE_L1 (4) /* L1 state */
34 #define ASPM_STATE_L1_1 (8) /* ASPM L1.1 state */
35 #define ASPM_STATE_L1_2 (0x10) /* ASPM L1.2 state */
36 #define ASPM_STATE_L1_1_PCIPM (0x20) /* PCI PM L1.1 state */
37 #define ASPM_STATE_L1_2_PCIPM (0x40) /* PCI PM L1.2 state */
38 #define ASPM_STATE_L1_SS_PCIPM (ASPM_STATE_L1_1_PCIPM | ASPM_STATE_L1_2_PCIPM)
39 #define ASPM_STATE_L1_2_MASK (ASPM_STATE_L1_2 | ASPM_STATE_L1_2_PCIPM)
40 #define ASPM_STATE_L1SS (ASPM_STATE_L1_1 | ASPM_STATE_L1_1_PCIPM |\
42 #define ASPM_STATE_L0S (ASPM_STATE_L0S_UP | ASPM_STATE_L0S_DW)
43 #define ASPM_STATE_ALL (ASPM_STATE_L0S | ASPM_STATE_L1 | \
47 u32 l0s; /* L0s latency (nsec) */
48 u32 l1; /* L1 latency (nsec) */
51 struct pcie_link_state {
52 struct pci_dev *pdev; /* Upstream component of the Link */
53 struct pci_dev *downstream; /* Downstream component, function 0 */
54 struct pcie_link_state *root; /* pointer to the root port link */
55 struct pcie_link_state *parent; /* pointer to the parent Link state */
56 struct list_head sibling; /* node in link_list */
57 struct list_head children; /* list of child link states */
58 struct list_head link; /* node in parent's children list */
61 u32 aspm_support:7; /* Supported ASPM state */
62 u32 aspm_enabled:7; /* Enabled ASPM state */
63 u32 aspm_capable:7; /* Capable ASPM state with latency */
64 u32 aspm_default:7; /* Default ASPM state by BIOS */
65 u32 aspm_disable:7; /* Disabled ASPM state */
68 u32 clkpm_capable:1; /* Clock PM capable? */
69 u32 clkpm_enabled:1; /* Current Clock PM state */
70 u32 clkpm_default:1; /* Default Clock PM state by BIOS */
73 struct aspm_latency latency_up; /* Upstream direction exit latency */
74 struct aspm_latency latency_dw; /* Downstream direction exit latency */
76 * Endpoint acceptable latencies. A pcie downstream port only
77 * has one slot under it, so at most there are 8 functions.
79 struct aspm_latency acceptable[8];
81 /* L1 PM Substate info */
83 u32 up_cap_ptr; /* L1SS cap ptr in upstream dev */
84 u32 dw_cap_ptr; /* L1SS cap ptr in downstream dev */
85 u32 ctl1; /* value to be programmed in ctl1 */
86 u32 ctl2; /* value to be programmed in ctl2 */
90 static int aspm_disabled, aspm_force;
91 static bool aspm_support_enabled = true;
92 static DEFINE_MUTEX(aspm_lock);
93 static LIST_HEAD(link_list);
95 #define POLICY_DEFAULT 0 /* BIOS default setting */
96 #define POLICY_PERFORMANCE 1 /* high performance */
97 #define POLICY_POWERSAVE 2 /* high power saving */
98 #define POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE 3 /* possibly even more power saving */
100 #ifdef CONFIG_PCIEASPM_PERFORMANCE
101 static int aspm_policy = POLICY_PERFORMANCE;
102 #elif defined CONFIG_PCIEASPM_POWERSAVE
103 static int aspm_policy = POLICY_POWERSAVE;
104 #elif defined CONFIG_PCIEASPM_POWER_SUPERSAVE
105 static int aspm_policy = POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE;
107 static int aspm_policy;
110 static const char *policy_str[] = {
111 [POLICY_DEFAULT] = "default",
112 [POLICY_PERFORMANCE] = "performance",
113 [POLICY_POWERSAVE] = "powersave",
114 [POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE] = "powersupersave"
117 #define LINK_RETRAIN_TIMEOUT HZ
119 static int policy_to_aspm_state(struct pcie_link_state *link)
121 switch (aspm_policy) {
122 case POLICY_PERFORMANCE:
123 /* Disable ASPM and Clock PM */
125 case POLICY_POWERSAVE:
126 /* Enable ASPM L0s/L1 */
127 return (ASPM_STATE_L0S | ASPM_STATE_L1);
128 case POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE:
129 /* Enable Everything */
130 return ASPM_STATE_ALL;
132 return link->aspm_default;
137 static int policy_to_clkpm_state(struct pcie_link_state *link)
139 switch (aspm_policy) {
140 case POLICY_PERFORMANCE:
141 /* Disable ASPM and Clock PM */
143 case POLICY_POWERSAVE:
144 case POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE:
145 /* Enable Clock PM */
148 return link->clkpm_default;
153 static void pcie_set_clkpm_nocheck(struct pcie_link_state *link, int enable)
155 struct pci_dev *child;
156 struct pci_bus *linkbus = link->pdev->subordinate;
157 u32 val = enable ? PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CLKREQ_EN : 0;
159 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list)
160 pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
161 PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CLKREQ_EN,
163 link->clkpm_enabled = !!enable;
166 static void pcie_set_clkpm(struct pcie_link_state *link, int enable)
168 /* Don't enable Clock PM if the link is not Clock PM capable */
169 if (!link->clkpm_capable)
171 /* Need nothing if the specified equals to current state */
172 if (link->clkpm_enabled == enable)
174 pcie_set_clkpm_nocheck(link, enable);
177 static void pcie_clkpm_cap_init(struct pcie_link_state *link, int blacklist)
179 int capable = 1, enabled = 1;
182 struct pci_dev *child;
183 struct pci_bus *linkbus = link->pdev->subordinate;
185 /* All functions should have the same cap and state, take the worst */
186 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list) {
187 pcie_capability_read_dword(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCAP, ®32);
188 if (!(reg32 & PCI_EXP_LNKCAP_CLKPM)) {
193 pcie_capability_read_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, ®16);
194 if (!(reg16 & PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CLKREQ_EN))
197 link->clkpm_enabled = enabled;
198 link->clkpm_default = enabled;
199 link->clkpm_capable = (blacklist) ? 0 : capable;
203 * pcie_aspm_configure_common_clock: check if the 2 ends of a link
204 * could use common clock. If they are, configure them to use the
205 * common clock. That will reduce the ASPM state exit latency.
207 static void pcie_aspm_configure_common_clock(struct pcie_link_state *link)
210 u16 reg16, parent_reg, child_reg[8];
211 unsigned long start_jiffies;
212 struct pci_dev *child, *parent = link->pdev;
213 struct pci_bus *linkbus = parent->subordinate;
215 * All functions of a slot should have the same Slot Clock
216 * Configuration, so just check one function
218 child = list_entry(linkbus->devices.next, struct pci_dev, bus_list);
219 BUG_ON(!pci_is_pcie(child));
221 /* Check downstream component if bit Slot Clock Configuration is 1 */
222 pcie_capability_read_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, ®16);
223 if (!(reg16 & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_SLC))
226 /* Check upstream component if bit Slot Clock Configuration is 1 */
227 pcie_capability_read_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, ®16);
228 if (!(reg16 & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_SLC))
231 /* Configure downstream component, all functions */
232 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list) {
233 pcie_capability_read_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, ®16);
234 child_reg[PCI_FUNC(child->devfn)] = reg16;
236 reg16 |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CCC;
238 reg16 &= ~PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CCC;
239 pcie_capability_write_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, reg16);
242 /* Configure upstream component */
243 pcie_capability_read_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, ®16);
246 reg16 |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CCC;
248 reg16 &= ~PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_CCC;
249 pcie_capability_write_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, reg16);
252 reg16 |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_RL;
253 pcie_capability_write_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, reg16);
255 /* Wait for link training end. Break out after waiting for timeout */
256 start_jiffies = jiffies;
258 pcie_capability_read_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKSTA, ®16);
259 if (!(reg16 & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_LT))
261 if (time_after(jiffies, start_jiffies + LINK_RETRAIN_TIMEOUT))
265 if (!(reg16 & PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_LT))
268 /* Training failed. Restore common clock configurations */
269 pci_err(parent, "ASPM: Could not configure common clock\n");
270 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list)
271 pcie_capability_write_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
272 child_reg[PCI_FUNC(child->devfn)]);
273 pcie_capability_write_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, parent_reg);
276 /* Convert L0s latency encoding to ns */
277 static u32 calc_l0s_latency(u32 encoding)
280 return (5 * 1000); /* > 4us */
281 return (64 << encoding);
284 /* Convert L0s acceptable latency encoding to ns */
285 static u32 calc_l0s_acceptable(u32 encoding)
289 return (64 << encoding);
292 /* Convert L1 latency encoding to ns */
293 static u32 calc_l1_latency(u32 encoding)
296 return (65 * 1000); /* > 64us */
297 return (1000 << encoding);
300 /* Convert L1 acceptable latency encoding to ns */
301 static u32 calc_l1_acceptable(u32 encoding)
305 return (1000 << encoding);
308 /* Convert L1SS T_pwr encoding to usec */
309 static u32 calc_l1ss_pwron(struct pci_dev *pdev, u32 scale, u32 val)
319 pci_err(pdev, "%s: Invalid T_PwrOn scale: %u\n", __func__, scale);
323 static void encode_l12_threshold(u32 threshold_us, u32 *scale, u32 *value)
325 u64 threshold_ns = threshold_us * 1000;
327 /* See PCIe r3.1, sec 7.33.3 and sec 6.18 */
328 if (threshold_ns < 32) {
330 *value = threshold_ns;
331 } else if (threshold_ns < 1024) {
333 *value = threshold_ns >> 5;
334 } else if (threshold_ns < 32768) {
336 *value = threshold_ns >> 10;
337 } else if (threshold_ns < 1048576) {
339 *value = threshold_ns >> 15;
340 } else if (threshold_ns < 33554432) {
342 *value = threshold_ns >> 20;
345 *value = threshold_ns >> 25;
349 struct aspm_register_info {
352 u32 latency_encoding_l0s;
353 u32 latency_encoding_l1;
362 static void pcie_get_aspm_reg(struct pci_dev *pdev,
363 struct aspm_register_info *info)
368 pcie_capability_read_dword(pdev, PCI_EXP_LNKCAP, ®32);
369 info->support = (reg32 & PCI_EXP_LNKCAP_ASPMS) >> 10;
370 info->latency_encoding_l0s = (reg32 & PCI_EXP_LNKCAP_L0SEL) >> 12;
371 info->latency_encoding_l1 = (reg32 & PCI_EXP_LNKCAP_L1EL) >> 15;
372 pcie_capability_read_word(pdev, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL, ®16);
373 info->enabled = reg16 & PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPMC;
375 /* Read L1 PM substate capabilities */
376 info->l1ss_cap = info->l1ss_ctl1 = info->l1ss_ctl2 = 0;
377 info->l1ss_cap_ptr = pci_find_ext_capability(pdev, PCI_EXT_CAP_ID_L1SS);
378 if (!info->l1ss_cap_ptr)
380 pci_read_config_dword(pdev, info->l1ss_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CAP,
382 if (!(info->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_L1_PM_SS)) {
386 pci_read_config_dword(pdev, info->l1ss_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
388 pci_read_config_dword(pdev, info->l1ss_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL2,
392 static void pcie_aspm_check_latency(struct pci_dev *endpoint)
394 u32 latency, l1_switch_latency = 0;
395 struct aspm_latency *acceptable;
396 struct pcie_link_state *link;
398 /* Device not in D0 doesn't need latency check */
399 if ((endpoint->current_state != PCI_D0) &&
400 (endpoint->current_state != PCI_UNKNOWN))
403 link = endpoint->bus->self->link_state;
404 acceptable = &link->acceptable[PCI_FUNC(endpoint->devfn)];
407 /* Check upstream direction L0s latency */
408 if ((link->aspm_capable & ASPM_STATE_L0S_UP) &&
409 (link->latency_up.l0s > acceptable->l0s))
410 link->aspm_capable &= ~ASPM_STATE_L0S_UP;
412 /* Check downstream direction L0s latency */
413 if ((link->aspm_capable & ASPM_STATE_L0S_DW) &&
414 (link->latency_dw.l0s > acceptable->l0s))
415 link->aspm_capable &= ~ASPM_STATE_L0S_DW;
418 * Every switch on the path to root complex need 1
419 * more microsecond for L1. Spec doesn't mention L0s.
421 * The exit latencies for L1 substates are not advertised
422 * by a device. Since the spec also doesn't mention a way
423 * to determine max latencies introduced by enabling L1
424 * substates on the components, it is not clear how to do
425 * a L1 substate exit latency check. We assume that the
426 * L1 exit latencies advertised by a device include L1
427 * substate latencies (and hence do not do any check).
429 latency = max_t(u32, link->latency_up.l1, link->latency_dw.l1);
430 if ((link->aspm_capable & ASPM_STATE_L1) &&
431 (latency + l1_switch_latency > acceptable->l1))
432 link->aspm_capable &= ~ASPM_STATE_L1;
433 l1_switch_latency += 1000;
440 * The L1 PM substate capability is only implemented in function 0 in a
441 * multi function device.
443 static struct pci_dev *pci_function_0(struct pci_bus *linkbus)
445 struct pci_dev *child;
447 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list)
448 if (PCI_FUNC(child->devfn) == 0)
453 /* Calculate L1.2 PM substate timing parameters */
454 static void aspm_calc_l1ss_info(struct pcie_link_state *link,
455 struct aspm_register_info *upreg,
456 struct aspm_register_info *dwreg)
458 u32 val1, val2, scale1, scale2;
459 u32 t_common_mode, t_power_on, l1_2_threshold, scale, value;
461 link->l1ss.up_cap_ptr = upreg->l1ss_cap_ptr;
462 link->l1ss.dw_cap_ptr = dwreg->l1ss_cap_ptr;
463 link->l1ss.ctl1 = link->l1ss.ctl2 = 0;
465 if (!(link->aspm_support & ASPM_STATE_L1_2_MASK))
468 /* Choose the greater of the two Port Common_Mode_Restore_Times */
469 val1 = (upreg->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_CM_RESTORE_TIME) >> 8;
470 val2 = (dwreg->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_CM_RESTORE_TIME) >> 8;
471 t_common_mode = max(val1, val2);
473 /* Choose the greater of the two Port T_POWER_ON times */
474 val1 = (upreg->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_P_PWR_ON_VALUE) >> 19;
475 scale1 = (upreg->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_P_PWR_ON_SCALE) >> 16;
476 val2 = (dwreg->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_P_PWR_ON_VALUE) >> 19;
477 scale2 = (dwreg->l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_P_PWR_ON_SCALE) >> 16;
479 if (calc_l1ss_pwron(link->pdev, scale1, val1) >
480 calc_l1ss_pwron(link->downstream, scale2, val2)) {
481 link->l1ss.ctl2 |= scale1 | (val1 << 3);
482 t_power_on = calc_l1ss_pwron(link->pdev, scale1, val1);
484 link->l1ss.ctl2 |= scale2 | (val2 << 3);
485 t_power_on = calc_l1ss_pwron(link->downstream, scale2, val2);
489 * Set LTR_L1.2_THRESHOLD to the time required to transition the
490 * Link from L0 to L1.2 and back to L0 so we enter L1.2 only if
491 * downstream devices report (via LTR) that they can tolerate at
492 * least that much latency.
494 * Based on PCIe r3.1, sec 5.5.3.3.1, Figures 5-16 and 5-17, and
495 * Table 5-11. T(POWER_OFF) is at most 2us and T(L1.2) is at
498 l1_2_threshold = 2 + 4 + t_common_mode + t_power_on;
499 encode_l12_threshold(l1_2_threshold, &scale, &value);
500 link->l1ss.ctl1 |= t_common_mode << 8 | scale << 29 | value << 16;
503 static void pcie_aspm_cap_init(struct pcie_link_state *link, int blacklist)
505 struct pci_dev *child = link->downstream, *parent = link->pdev;
506 struct pci_bus *linkbus = parent->subordinate;
507 struct aspm_register_info upreg, dwreg;
510 /* Set enabled/disable so that we will disable ASPM later */
511 link->aspm_enabled = ASPM_STATE_ALL;
512 link->aspm_disable = ASPM_STATE_ALL;
516 /* Get upstream/downstream components' register state */
517 pcie_get_aspm_reg(parent, &upreg);
518 pcie_get_aspm_reg(child, &dwreg);
521 * If ASPM not supported, don't mess with the clocks and link,
524 if (!(upreg.support & dwreg.support))
527 /* Configure common clock before checking latencies */
528 pcie_aspm_configure_common_clock(link);
531 * Re-read upstream/downstream components' register state
532 * after clock configuration
534 pcie_get_aspm_reg(parent, &upreg);
535 pcie_get_aspm_reg(child, &dwreg);
540 * Note that we must not enable L0s in either direction on a
541 * given link unless components on both sides of the link each
544 if (dwreg.support & upreg.support & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L0S)
545 link->aspm_support |= ASPM_STATE_L0S;
546 if (dwreg.enabled & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L0S)
547 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L0S_UP;
548 if (upreg.enabled & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L0S)
549 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L0S_DW;
550 link->latency_up.l0s = calc_l0s_latency(upreg.latency_encoding_l0s);
551 link->latency_dw.l0s = calc_l0s_latency(dwreg.latency_encoding_l0s);
554 if (upreg.support & dwreg.support & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L1)
555 link->aspm_support |= ASPM_STATE_L1;
556 if (upreg.enabled & dwreg.enabled & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L1)
557 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L1;
558 link->latency_up.l1 = calc_l1_latency(upreg.latency_encoding_l1);
559 link->latency_dw.l1 = calc_l1_latency(dwreg.latency_encoding_l1);
561 /* Setup L1 substate */
562 if (upreg.l1ss_cap & dwreg.l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_ASPM_L1_1)
563 link->aspm_support |= ASPM_STATE_L1_1;
564 if (upreg.l1ss_cap & dwreg.l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_ASPM_L1_2)
565 link->aspm_support |= ASPM_STATE_L1_2;
566 if (upreg.l1ss_cap & dwreg.l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_PCIPM_L1_1)
567 link->aspm_support |= ASPM_STATE_L1_1_PCIPM;
568 if (upreg.l1ss_cap & dwreg.l1ss_cap & PCI_L1SS_CAP_PCIPM_L1_2)
569 link->aspm_support |= ASPM_STATE_L1_2_PCIPM;
571 if (upreg.l1ss_ctl1 & dwreg.l1ss_ctl1 & PCI_L1SS_CTL1_ASPM_L1_1)
572 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L1_1;
573 if (upreg.l1ss_ctl1 & dwreg.l1ss_ctl1 & PCI_L1SS_CTL1_ASPM_L1_2)
574 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L1_2;
575 if (upreg.l1ss_ctl1 & dwreg.l1ss_ctl1 & PCI_L1SS_CTL1_PCIPM_L1_1)
576 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L1_1_PCIPM;
577 if (upreg.l1ss_ctl1 & dwreg.l1ss_ctl1 & PCI_L1SS_CTL1_PCIPM_L1_2)
578 link->aspm_enabled |= ASPM_STATE_L1_2_PCIPM;
580 if (link->aspm_support & ASPM_STATE_L1SS)
581 aspm_calc_l1ss_info(link, &upreg, &dwreg);
583 /* Save default state */
584 link->aspm_default = link->aspm_enabled;
586 /* Setup initial capable state. Will be updated later */
587 link->aspm_capable = link->aspm_support;
589 * If the downstream component has pci bridge function, don't
592 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list) {
593 if (pci_pcie_type(child) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCI_BRIDGE) {
594 link->aspm_disable = ASPM_STATE_ALL;
599 /* Get and check endpoint acceptable latencies */
600 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list) {
602 struct aspm_latency *acceptable =
603 &link->acceptable[PCI_FUNC(child->devfn)];
605 if (pci_pcie_type(child) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_ENDPOINT &&
606 pci_pcie_type(child) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_LEG_END)
609 pcie_capability_read_dword(child, PCI_EXP_DEVCAP, ®32);
610 /* Calculate endpoint L0s acceptable latency */
611 encoding = (reg32 & PCI_EXP_DEVCAP_L0S) >> 6;
612 acceptable->l0s = calc_l0s_acceptable(encoding);
613 /* Calculate endpoint L1 acceptable latency */
614 encoding = (reg32 & PCI_EXP_DEVCAP_L1) >> 9;
615 acceptable->l1 = calc_l1_acceptable(encoding);
617 pcie_aspm_check_latency(child);
621 static void pci_clear_and_set_dword(struct pci_dev *pdev, int pos,
626 pci_read_config_dword(pdev, pos, &val);
629 pci_write_config_dword(pdev, pos, val);
632 /* Configure the ASPM L1 substates */
633 static void pcie_config_aspm_l1ss(struct pcie_link_state *link, u32 state)
636 struct pci_dev *child = link->downstream, *parent = link->pdev;
637 u32 up_cap_ptr = link->l1ss.up_cap_ptr;
638 u32 dw_cap_ptr = link->l1ss.dw_cap_ptr;
640 enable_req = (link->aspm_enabled ^ state) & state;
643 * Here are the rules specified in the PCIe spec for enabling L1SS:
644 * - When enabling L1.x, enable bit at parent first, then at child
645 * - When disabling L1.x, disable bit at child first, then at parent
646 * - When enabling ASPM L1.x, need to disable L1
647 * (at child followed by parent).
648 * - The ASPM/PCIPM L1.2 must be disabled while programming timing
651 * To keep it simple, disable all L1SS bits first, and later enable
655 /* Disable all L1 substates */
656 pci_clear_and_set_dword(child, dw_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
657 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_L1SS_MASK, 0);
658 pci_clear_and_set_dword(parent, up_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
659 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_L1SS_MASK, 0);
661 * If needed, disable L1, and it gets enabled later
662 * in pcie_config_aspm_link().
664 if (enable_req & (ASPM_STATE_L1_1 | ASPM_STATE_L1_2)) {
665 pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(child, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
666 PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPM_L1, 0);
667 pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(parent, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
668 PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPM_L1, 0);
671 if (enable_req & ASPM_STATE_L1_2_MASK) {
673 /* Program T_POWER_ON times in both ports */
674 pci_write_config_dword(parent, up_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL2,
676 pci_write_config_dword(child, dw_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL2,
679 /* Program Common_Mode_Restore_Time in upstream device */
680 pci_clear_and_set_dword(parent, up_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
681 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_CM_RESTORE_TIME,
684 /* Program LTR_L1.2_THRESHOLD time in both ports */
685 pci_clear_and_set_dword(parent, up_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
686 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_LTR_L12_TH_VALUE |
687 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_LTR_L12_TH_SCALE,
689 pci_clear_and_set_dword(child, dw_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
690 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_LTR_L12_TH_VALUE |
691 PCI_L1SS_CTL1_LTR_L12_TH_SCALE,
696 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L1_1)
697 val |= PCI_L1SS_CTL1_ASPM_L1_1;
698 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L1_2)
699 val |= PCI_L1SS_CTL1_ASPM_L1_2;
700 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L1_1_PCIPM)
701 val |= PCI_L1SS_CTL1_PCIPM_L1_1;
702 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L1_2_PCIPM)
703 val |= PCI_L1SS_CTL1_PCIPM_L1_2;
705 /* Enable what we need to enable */
706 pci_clear_and_set_dword(parent, up_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
707 PCI_L1SS_CAP_L1_PM_SS, val);
708 pci_clear_and_set_dword(child, dw_cap_ptr + PCI_L1SS_CTL1,
709 PCI_L1SS_CAP_L1_PM_SS, val);
712 static void pcie_config_aspm_dev(struct pci_dev *pdev, u32 val)
714 pcie_capability_clear_and_set_word(pdev, PCI_EXP_LNKCTL,
715 PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPMC, val);
718 static void pcie_config_aspm_link(struct pcie_link_state *link, u32 state)
720 u32 upstream = 0, dwstream = 0;
721 struct pci_dev *child = link->downstream, *parent = link->pdev;
722 struct pci_bus *linkbus = parent->subordinate;
724 /* Enable only the states that were not explicitly disabled */
725 state &= (link->aspm_capable & ~link->aspm_disable);
727 /* Can't enable any substates if L1 is not enabled */
728 if (!(state & ASPM_STATE_L1))
729 state &= ~ASPM_STATE_L1SS;
731 /* Spec says both ports must be in D0 before enabling PCI PM substates*/
732 if (parent->current_state != PCI_D0 || child->current_state != PCI_D0) {
733 state &= ~ASPM_STATE_L1_SS_PCIPM;
734 state |= (link->aspm_enabled & ASPM_STATE_L1_SS_PCIPM);
737 /* Nothing to do if the link is already in the requested state */
738 if (link->aspm_enabled == state)
740 /* Convert ASPM state to upstream/downstream ASPM register state */
741 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L0S_UP)
742 dwstream |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPM_L0S;
743 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L0S_DW)
744 upstream |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPM_L0S;
745 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L1) {
746 upstream |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPM_L1;
747 dwstream |= PCI_EXP_LNKCTL_ASPM_L1;
750 if (link->aspm_capable & ASPM_STATE_L1SS)
751 pcie_config_aspm_l1ss(link, state);
754 * Spec 2.0 suggests all functions should be configured the
755 * same setting for ASPM. Enabling ASPM L1 should be done in
756 * upstream component first and then downstream, and vice
757 * versa for disabling ASPM L1. Spec doesn't mention L0S.
759 if (state & ASPM_STATE_L1)
760 pcie_config_aspm_dev(parent, upstream);
761 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list)
762 pcie_config_aspm_dev(child, dwstream);
763 if (!(state & ASPM_STATE_L1))
764 pcie_config_aspm_dev(parent, upstream);
766 link->aspm_enabled = state;
769 static void pcie_config_aspm_path(struct pcie_link_state *link)
772 pcie_config_aspm_link(link, policy_to_aspm_state(link));
777 static void free_link_state(struct pcie_link_state *link)
779 link->pdev->link_state = NULL;
783 static int pcie_aspm_sanity_check(struct pci_dev *pdev)
785 struct pci_dev *child;
789 * Some functions in a slot might not all be PCIe functions,
790 * very strange. Disable ASPM for the whole slot
792 list_for_each_entry(child, &pdev->subordinate->devices, bus_list) {
793 if (!pci_is_pcie(child))
797 * If ASPM is disabled then we're not going to change
798 * the BIOS state. It's safe to continue even if it's a
806 * Disable ASPM for pre-1.1 PCIe device, we follow MS to use
807 * RBER bit to determine if a function is 1.1 version device
809 pcie_capability_read_dword(child, PCI_EXP_DEVCAP, ®32);
810 if (!(reg32 & PCI_EXP_DEVCAP_RBER) && !aspm_force) {
811 pci_info(child, "disabling ASPM on pre-1.1 PCIe device. You can enable it with 'pcie_aspm=force'\n");
818 static struct pcie_link_state *alloc_pcie_link_state(struct pci_dev *pdev)
820 struct pcie_link_state *link;
822 link = kzalloc(sizeof(*link), GFP_KERNEL);
826 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&link->sibling);
827 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&link->children);
828 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&link->link);
830 link->downstream = pci_function_0(pdev->subordinate);
833 * Root Ports and PCI/PCI-X to PCIe Bridges are roots of PCIe
834 * hierarchies. Note that some PCIe host implementations omit
835 * the root ports entirely, in which case a downstream port on
836 * a switch may become the root of the link state chain for all
837 * its subordinate endpoints.
839 if (pci_pcie_type(pdev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT ||
840 pci_pcie_type(pdev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCIE_BRIDGE ||
841 !pdev->bus->parent->self) {
844 struct pcie_link_state *parent;
846 parent = pdev->bus->parent->self->link_state;
852 link->parent = parent;
853 link->root = link->parent->root;
854 list_add(&link->link, &parent->children);
857 list_add(&link->sibling, &link_list);
858 pdev->link_state = link;
863 * pcie_aspm_init_link_state: Initiate PCI express link state.
864 * It is called after the pcie and its children devices are scanned.
865 * @pdev: the root port or switch downstream port
867 void pcie_aspm_init_link_state(struct pci_dev *pdev)
869 struct pcie_link_state *link;
870 int blacklist = !!pcie_aspm_sanity_check(pdev);
872 if (!aspm_support_enabled)
875 if (pdev->link_state)
879 * We allocate pcie_link_state for the component on the upstream
880 * end of a Link, so there's nothing to do unless this device has a
881 * Link on its secondary side.
883 if (!pdev->has_secondary_link)
886 /* VIA has a strange chipset, root port is under a bridge */
887 if (pci_pcie_type(pdev) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT &&
891 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
892 if (list_empty(&pdev->subordinate->devices))
895 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
896 link = alloc_pcie_link_state(pdev);
900 * Setup initial ASPM state. Note that we need to configure
901 * upstream links also because capable state of them can be
902 * update through pcie_aspm_cap_init().
904 pcie_aspm_cap_init(link, blacklist);
906 /* Setup initial Clock PM state */
907 pcie_clkpm_cap_init(link, blacklist);
910 * At this stage drivers haven't had an opportunity to change the
911 * link policy setting. Enabling ASPM on broken hardware can cripple
912 * it even before the driver has had a chance to disable ASPM, so
913 * default to a safe level right now. If we're enabling ASPM beyond
914 * the BIOS's expectation, we'll do so once pci_enable_device() is
917 if (aspm_policy != POLICY_POWERSAVE &&
918 aspm_policy != POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE) {
919 pcie_config_aspm_path(link);
920 pcie_set_clkpm(link, policy_to_clkpm_state(link));
924 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
926 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
929 /* Recheck latencies and update aspm_capable for links under the root */
930 static void pcie_update_aspm_capable(struct pcie_link_state *root)
932 struct pcie_link_state *link;
933 BUG_ON(root->parent);
934 list_for_each_entry(link, &link_list, sibling) {
935 if (link->root != root)
937 link->aspm_capable = link->aspm_support;
939 list_for_each_entry(link, &link_list, sibling) {
940 struct pci_dev *child;
941 struct pci_bus *linkbus = link->pdev->subordinate;
942 if (link->root != root)
944 list_for_each_entry(child, &linkbus->devices, bus_list) {
945 if ((pci_pcie_type(child) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_ENDPOINT) &&
946 (pci_pcie_type(child) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_LEG_END))
948 pcie_aspm_check_latency(child);
953 /* @pdev: the endpoint device */
954 void pcie_aspm_exit_link_state(struct pci_dev *pdev)
956 struct pci_dev *parent = pdev->bus->self;
957 struct pcie_link_state *link, *root, *parent_link;
959 if (!parent || !parent->link_state)
962 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
963 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
965 * All PCIe functions are in one slot, remove one function will remove
966 * the whole slot, so just wait until we are the last function left.
968 if (!list_is_last(&pdev->bus_list, &parent->subordinate->devices))
971 link = parent->link_state;
973 parent_link = link->parent;
975 /* All functions are removed, so just disable ASPM for the link */
976 pcie_config_aspm_link(link, 0);
977 list_del(&link->sibling);
978 list_del(&link->link);
979 /* Clock PM is for endpoint device */
980 free_link_state(link);
982 /* Recheck latencies and configure upstream links */
984 pcie_update_aspm_capable(root);
985 pcie_config_aspm_path(parent_link);
988 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
989 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
992 /* @pdev: the root port or switch downstream port */
993 void pcie_aspm_pm_state_change(struct pci_dev *pdev)
995 struct pcie_link_state *link = pdev->link_state;
997 if (aspm_disabled || !link)
1000 * Devices changed PM state, we should recheck if latency
1001 * meets all functions' requirement
1003 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1004 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
1005 pcie_update_aspm_capable(link->root);
1006 pcie_config_aspm_path(link);
1007 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
1008 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1011 void pcie_aspm_powersave_config_link(struct pci_dev *pdev)
1013 struct pcie_link_state *link = pdev->link_state;
1015 if (aspm_disabled || !link)
1018 if (aspm_policy != POLICY_POWERSAVE &&
1019 aspm_policy != POLICY_POWER_SUPERSAVE)
1022 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1023 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
1024 pcie_config_aspm_path(link);
1025 pcie_set_clkpm(link, policy_to_clkpm_state(link));
1026 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
1027 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1030 static void __pci_disable_link_state(struct pci_dev *pdev, int state, bool sem)
1032 struct pci_dev *parent = pdev->bus->self;
1033 struct pcie_link_state *link;
1035 if (!pci_is_pcie(pdev))
1038 if (pdev->has_secondary_link)
1040 if (!parent || !parent->link_state)
1044 * A driver requested that ASPM be disabled on this device, but
1045 * if we don't have permission to manage ASPM (e.g., on ACPI
1046 * systems we have to observe the FADT ACPI_FADT_NO_ASPM bit and
1047 * the _OSC method), we can't honor that request. Windows has
1048 * a similar mechanism using "PciASPMOptOut", which is also
1049 * ignored in this situation.
1051 if (aspm_disabled) {
1052 pci_warn(pdev, "can't disable ASPM; OS doesn't have ASPM control\n");
1057 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1058 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
1059 link = parent->link_state;
1060 if (state & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L0S)
1061 link->aspm_disable |= ASPM_STATE_L0S;
1062 if (state & PCIE_LINK_STATE_L1)
1063 link->aspm_disable |= ASPM_STATE_L1;
1064 pcie_config_aspm_link(link, policy_to_aspm_state(link));
1066 if (state & PCIE_LINK_STATE_CLKPM) {
1067 link->clkpm_capable = 0;
1068 pcie_set_clkpm(link, 0);
1070 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
1072 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1075 void pci_disable_link_state_locked(struct pci_dev *pdev, int state)
1077 __pci_disable_link_state(pdev, state, false);
1079 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_disable_link_state_locked);
1082 * pci_disable_link_state - Disable device's link state, so the link will
1083 * never enter specific states. Note that if the BIOS didn't grant ASPM
1084 * control to the OS, this does nothing because we can't touch the LNKCTL
1088 * @state: ASPM link state to disable
1090 void pci_disable_link_state(struct pci_dev *pdev, int state)
1092 __pci_disable_link_state(pdev, state, true);
1094 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_disable_link_state);
1096 static int pcie_aspm_set_policy(const char *val,
1097 const struct kernel_param *kp)
1100 struct pcie_link_state *link;
1104 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(policy_str); i++)
1105 if (!strncmp(val, policy_str[i], strlen(policy_str[i])))
1107 if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(policy_str))
1109 if (i == aspm_policy)
1112 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1113 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
1115 list_for_each_entry(link, &link_list, sibling) {
1116 pcie_config_aspm_link(link, policy_to_aspm_state(link));
1117 pcie_set_clkpm(link, policy_to_clkpm_state(link));
1119 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
1120 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1124 static int pcie_aspm_get_policy(char *buffer, const struct kernel_param *kp)
1127 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(policy_str); i++)
1128 if (i == aspm_policy)
1129 cnt += sprintf(buffer + cnt, "[%s] ", policy_str[i]);
1131 cnt += sprintf(buffer + cnt, "%s ", policy_str[i]);
1135 module_param_call(policy, pcie_aspm_set_policy, pcie_aspm_get_policy,
1138 #ifdef CONFIG_PCIEASPM_DEBUG
1139 static ssize_t link_state_show(struct device *dev,
1140 struct device_attribute *attr,
1143 struct pci_dev *pci_device = to_pci_dev(dev);
1144 struct pcie_link_state *link_state = pci_device->link_state;
1146 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", link_state->aspm_enabled);
1149 static ssize_t link_state_store(struct device *dev,
1150 struct device_attribute *attr,
1154 struct pci_dev *pdev = to_pci_dev(dev);
1155 struct pcie_link_state *link, *root = pdev->link_state->root;
1161 if (kstrtouint(buf, 10, &state))
1163 if ((state & ~ASPM_STATE_ALL) != 0)
1166 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1167 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
1168 list_for_each_entry(link, &link_list, sibling) {
1169 if (link->root != root)
1171 pcie_config_aspm_link(link, state);
1173 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
1174 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1178 static ssize_t clk_ctl_show(struct device *dev,
1179 struct device_attribute *attr,
1182 struct pci_dev *pci_device = to_pci_dev(dev);
1183 struct pcie_link_state *link_state = pci_device->link_state;
1185 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", link_state->clkpm_enabled);
1188 static ssize_t clk_ctl_store(struct device *dev,
1189 struct device_attribute *attr,
1193 struct pci_dev *pdev = to_pci_dev(dev);
1196 if (strtobool(buf, &state))
1199 down_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1200 mutex_lock(&aspm_lock);
1201 pcie_set_clkpm_nocheck(pdev->link_state, state);
1202 mutex_unlock(&aspm_lock);
1203 up_read(&pci_bus_sem);
1208 static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(link_state);
1209 static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(clk_ctl);
1211 static char power_group[] = "power";
1212 void pcie_aspm_create_sysfs_dev_files(struct pci_dev *pdev)
1214 struct pcie_link_state *link_state = pdev->link_state;
1219 if (link_state->aspm_support)
1220 sysfs_add_file_to_group(&pdev->dev.kobj,
1221 &dev_attr_link_state.attr, power_group);
1222 if (link_state->clkpm_capable)
1223 sysfs_add_file_to_group(&pdev->dev.kobj,
1224 &dev_attr_clk_ctl.attr, power_group);
1227 void pcie_aspm_remove_sysfs_dev_files(struct pci_dev *pdev)
1229 struct pcie_link_state *link_state = pdev->link_state;
1234 if (link_state->aspm_support)
1235 sysfs_remove_file_from_group(&pdev->dev.kobj,
1236 &dev_attr_link_state.attr, power_group);
1237 if (link_state->clkpm_capable)
1238 sysfs_remove_file_from_group(&pdev->dev.kobj,
1239 &dev_attr_clk_ctl.attr, power_group);
1243 static int __init pcie_aspm_disable(char *str)
1245 if (!strcmp(str, "off")) {
1246 aspm_policy = POLICY_DEFAULT;
1248 aspm_support_enabled = false;
1249 printk(KERN_INFO "PCIe ASPM is disabled\n");
1250 } else if (!strcmp(str, "force")) {
1252 printk(KERN_INFO "PCIe ASPM is forcibly enabled\n");
1257 __setup("pcie_aspm=", pcie_aspm_disable);
1259 void pcie_no_aspm(void)
1262 * Disabling ASPM is intended to prevent the kernel from modifying
1263 * existing hardware state, not to clear existing state. To that end:
1264 * (a) set policy to POLICY_DEFAULT in order to avoid changing state
1265 * (b) prevent userspace from changing policy
1268 aspm_policy = POLICY_DEFAULT;
1273 bool pcie_aspm_support_enabled(void)
1275 return aspm_support_enabled;
1277 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pcie_aspm_support_enabled);