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1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/init.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1995-2005 Russell King
6  */
7 #include <linux/kernel.h>
8 #include <linux/errno.h>
9 #include <linux/swap.h>
10 #include <linux/init.h>
11 #include <linux/mman.h>
12 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
13 #include <linux/sched/task.h>
14 #include <linux/export.h>
15 #include <linux/nodemask.h>
16 #include <linux/initrd.h>
17 #include <linux/of_fdt.h>
18 #include <linux/highmem.h>
19 #include <linux/gfp.h>
20 #include <linux/memblock.h>
21 #include <linux/dma-contiguous.h>
22 #include <linux/sizes.h>
23 #include <linux/stop_machine.h>
24 #include <linux/swiotlb.h>
25
26 #include <asm/cp15.h>
27 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
28 #include <asm/memblock.h>
29 #include <asm/memory.h>
30 #include <asm/prom.h>
31 #include <asm/sections.h>
32 #include <asm/setup.h>
33 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
34 #include <asm/system_info.h>
35 #include <asm/tlb.h>
36 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
37 #include <asm/ptdump.h>
38
39 #include <asm/mach/arch.h>
40 #include <asm/mach/map.h>
41
42 #include "mm.h"
43
44 #ifdef CONFIG_CPU_CP15_MMU
45 unsigned long __init __clear_cr(unsigned long mask)
46 {
47         cr_alignment = cr_alignment & ~mask;
48         return cr_alignment;
49 }
50 #endif
51
52 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
53 static int __init parse_tag_initrd(const struct tag *tag)
54 {
55         pr_warn("ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; "
56                 "please update your bootloader.\n");
57         phys_initrd_start = __virt_to_phys(tag->u.initrd.start);
58         phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
59         return 0;
60 }
61
62 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD, parse_tag_initrd);
63
64 static int __init parse_tag_initrd2(const struct tag *tag)
65 {
66         phys_initrd_start = tag->u.initrd.start;
67         phys_initrd_size = tag->u.initrd.size;
68         return 0;
69 }
70
71 __tagtable(ATAG_INITRD2, parse_tag_initrd2);
72 #endif
73
74 static void __init find_limits(unsigned long *min, unsigned long *max_low,
75                                unsigned long *max_high)
76 {
77         *max_low = PFN_DOWN(memblock_get_current_limit());
78         *min = PFN_UP(memblock_start_of_DRAM());
79         *max_high = PFN_DOWN(memblock_end_of_DRAM());
80 }
81
82 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
83
84 phys_addr_t arm_dma_zone_size __read_mostly;
85 EXPORT_SYMBOL(arm_dma_zone_size);
86
87 /*
88  * The DMA mask corresponding to the maximum bus address allocatable
89  * using GFP_DMA.  The default here places no restriction on DMA
90  * allocations.  This must be the smallest DMA mask in the system,
91  * so a successful GFP_DMA allocation will always satisfy this.
92  */
93 phys_addr_t arm_dma_limit;
94 unsigned long arm_dma_pfn_limit;
95 #endif
96
97 void __init setup_dma_zone(const struct machine_desc *mdesc)
98 {
99 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
100         if (mdesc->dma_zone_size) {
101                 arm_dma_zone_size = mdesc->dma_zone_size;
102                 arm_dma_limit = PHYS_OFFSET + arm_dma_zone_size - 1;
103         } else
104                 arm_dma_limit = 0xffffffff;
105         arm_dma_pfn_limit = arm_dma_limit >> PAGE_SHIFT;
106 #endif
107 }
108
109 static void __init zone_sizes_init(unsigned long min, unsigned long max_low,
110         unsigned long max_high)
111 {
112         unsigned long max_zone_pfn[MAX_NR_ZONES] = { 0 };
113
114 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
115         max_zone_pfn[ZONE_DMA] = min(arm_dma_pfn_limit, max_low);
116 #endif
117         max_zone_pfn[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_low;
118 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
119         max_zone_pfn[ZONE_HIGHMEM] = max_high;
120 #endif
121         free_area_init(max_zone_pfn);
122 }
123
124 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
125 int pfn_valid(unsigned long pfn)
126 {
127         phys_addr_t addr = __pfn_to_phys(pfn);
128
129         if (__phys_to_pfn(addr) != pfn)
130                 return 0;
131
132         return memblock_is_map_memory(addr);
133 }
134 EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_valid);
135 #endif
136
137 static bool arm_memblock_steal_permitted = true;
138
139 phys_addr_t __init arm_memblock_steal(phys_addr_t size, phys_addr_t align)
140 {
141         phys_addr_t phys;
142
143         BUG_ON(!arm_memblock_steal_permitted);
144
145         phys = memblock_phys_alloc(size, align);
146         if (!phys)
147                 panic("Failed to steal %pa bytes at %pS\n",
148                       &size, (void *)_RET_IP_);
149
150         memblock_free(phys, size);
151         memblock_remove(phys, size);
152
153         return phys;
154 }
155
156 static void __init arm_initrd_init(void)
157 {
158 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
159         phys_addr_t start;
160         unsigned long size;
161
162         initrd_start = initrd_end = 0;
163
164         if (!phys_initrd_size)
165                 return;
166
167         /*
168          * Round the memory region to page boundaries as per free_initrd_mem()
169          * This allows us to detect whether the pages overlapping the initrd
170          * are in use, but more importantly, reserves the entire set of pages
171          * as we don't want these pages allocated for other purposes.
172          */
173         start = round_down(phys_initrd_start, PAGE_SIZE);
174         size = phys_initrd_size + (phys_initrd_start - start);
175         size = round_up(size, PAGE_SIZE);
176
177         if (!memblock_is_region_memory(start, size)) {
178                 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx is not a memory region - disabling initrd\n",
179                        (u64)start, size);
180                 return;
181         }
182
183         if (memblock_is_region_reserved(start, size)) {
184                 pr_err("INITRD: 0x%08llx+0x%08lx overlaps in-use memory region - disabling initrd\n",
185                        (u64)start, size);
186                 return;
187         }
188
189         memblock_reserve(start, size);
190
191         /* Now convert initrd to virtual addresses */
192         initrd_start = __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start);
193         initrd_end = initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
194 #endif
195 }
196
197 #ifdef CONFIG_CPU_ICACHE_MISMATCH_WORKAROUND
198 void check_cpu_icache_size(int cpuid)
199 {
200         u32 size, ctr;
201
202         asm("mrc p15, 0, %0, c0, c0, 1" : "=r" (ctr));
203
204         size = 1 << ((ctr & 0xf) + 2);
205         if (cpuid != 0 && icache_size != size)
206                 pr_info("CPU%u: detected I-Cache line size mismatch, workaround enabled\n",
207                         cpuid);
208         if (icache_size > size)
209                 icache_size = size;
210 }
211 #endif
212
213 void __init arm_memblock_init(const struct machine_desc *mdesc)
214 {
215         /* Register the kernel text, kernel data and initrd with memblock. */
216         memblock_reserve(__pa(KERNEL_START), KERNEL_END - KERNEL_START);
217
218         arm_initrd_init();
219
220         arm_mm_memblock_reserve();
221
222         /* reserve any platform specific memblock areas */
223         if (mdesc->reserve)
224                 mdesc->reserve();
225
226         early_init_fdt_reserve_self();
227         early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
228
229         /* reserve memory for DMA contiguous allocations */
230         dma_contiguous_reserve(arm_dma_limit);
231
232         arm_memblock_steal_permitted = false;
233         memblock_dump_all();
234 }
235
236 void __init bootmem_init(void)
237 {
238         memblock_allow_resize();
239
240         find_limits(&min_low_pfn, &max_low_pfn, &max_pfn);
241
242         early_memtest((phys_addr_t)min_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT,
243                       (phys_addr_t)max_low_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
244
245         /*
246          * Sparsemem tries to allocate bootmem in memory_present(),
247          * so must be done after the fixed reservations
248          */
249         memblocks_present();
250
251         /*
252          * sparse_init() needs the bootmem allocator up and running.
253          */
254         sparse_init();
255
256         /*
257          * Now free the memory - free_area_init needs
258          * the sparse mem_map arrays initialized by sparse_init()
259          * for memmap_init_zone(), otherwise all PFNs are invalid.
260          */
261         zone_sizes_init(min_low_pfn, max_low_pfn, max_pfn);
262 }
263
264 /*
265  * Poison init memory with an undefined instruction (ARM) or a branch to an
266  * undefined instruction (Thumb).
267  */
268 static inline void poison_init_mem(void *s, size_t count)
269 {
270         u32 *p = (u32 *)s;
271         for (; count != 0; count -= 4)
272                 *p++ = 0xe7fddef0;
273 }
274
275 static inline void __init
276 free_memmap(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn)
277 {
278         struct page *start_pg, *end_pg;
279         phys_addr_t pg, pgend;
280
281         /*
282          * Convert start_pfn/end_pfn to a struct page pointer.
283          */
284         start_pg = pfn_to_page(start_pfn - 1) + 1;
285         end_pg = pfn_to_page(end_pfn - 1) + 1;
286
287         /*
288          * Convert to physical addresses, and
289          * round start upwards and end downwards.
290          */
291         pg = PAGE_ALIGN(__pa(start_pg));
292         pgend = __pa(end_pg) & PAGE_MASK;
293
294         /*
295          * If there are free pages between these,
296          * free the section of the memmap array.
297          */
298         if (pg < pgend)
299                 memblock_free_early(pg, pgend - pg);
300 }
301
302 /*
303  * The mem_map array can get very big.  Free the unused area of the memory map.
304  */
305 static void __init free_unused_memmap(void)
306 {
307         unsigned long start, prev_end = 0;
308         struct memblock_region *reg;
309
310         /*
311          * This relies on each bank being in address order.
312          * The banks are sorted previously in bootmem_init().
313          */
314         for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
315                 start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg);
316
317 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
318                 /*
319                  * Take care not to free memmap entries that don't exist
320                  * due to SPARSEMEM sections which aren't present.
321                  */
322                 start = min(start,
323                                  ALIGN(prev_end, PAGES_PER_SECTION));
324 #else
325                 /*
326                  * Align down here since the VM subsystem insists that the
327                  * memmap entries are valid from the bank start aligned to
328                  * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
329                  */
330                 start = round_down(start, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
331 #endif
332                 /*
333                  * If we had a previous bank, and there is a space
334                  * between the current bank and the previous, free it.
335                  */
336                 if (prev_end && prev_end < start)
337                         free_memmap(prev_end, start);
338
339                 /*
340                  * Align up here since the VM subsystem insists that the
341                  * memmap entries are valid from the bank end aligned to
342                  * MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES.
343                  */
344                 prev_end = ALIGN(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg),
345                                  MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
346         }
347
348 #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM
349         if (!IS_ALIGNED(prev_end, PAGES_PER_SECTION))
350                 free_memmap(prev_end,
351                             ALIGN(prev_end, PAGES_PER_SECTION));
352 #endif
353 }
354
355 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
356 static inline void free_area_high(unsigned long pfn, unsigned long end)
357 {
358         for (; pfn < end; pfn++)
359                 free_highmem_page(pfn_to_page(pfn));
360 }
361 #endif
362
363 static void __init free_highpages(void)
364 {
365 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
366         unsigned long max_low = max_low_pfn;
367         struct memblock_region *mem, *res;
368
369         /* set highmem page free */
370         for_each_memblock(memory, mem) {
371                 unsigned long start = memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(mem);
372                 unsigned long end = memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(mem);
373
374                 /* Ignore complete lowmem entries */
375                 if (end <= max_low)
376                         continue;
377
378                 if (memblock_is_nomap(mem))
379                         continue;
380
381                 /* Truncate partial highmem entries */
382                 if (start < max_low)
383                         start = max_low;
384
385                 /* Find and exclude any reserved regions */
386                 for_each_memblock(reserved, res) {
387                         unsigned long res_start, res_end;
388
389                         res_start = memblock_region_reserved_base_pfn(res);
390                         res_end = memblock_region_reserved_end_pfn(res);
391
392                         if (res_end < start)
393                                 continue;
394                         if (res_start < start)
395                                 res_start = start;
396                         if (res_start > end)
397                                 res_start = end;
398                         if (res_end > end)
399                                 res_end = end;
400                         if (res_start != start)
401                                 free_area_high(start, res_start);
402                         start = res_end;
403                         if (start == end)
404                                 break;
405                 }
406
407                 /* And now free anything which remains */
408                 if (start < end)
409                         free_area_high(start, end);
410         }
411 #endif
412 }
413
414 /*
415  * mem_init() marks the free areas in the mem_map and tells us how much
416  * memory is free.  This is done after various parts of the system have
417  * claimed their memory after the kernel image.
418  */
419 void __init mem_init(void)
420 {
421 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
422         swiotlb_init(1);
423 #endif
424
425         set_max_mapnr(pfn_to_page(max_pfn) - mem_map);
426
427         /* this will put all unused low memory onto the freelists */
428         free_unused_memmap();
429         memblock_free_all();
430
431 #ifdef CONFIG_SA1111
432         /* now that our DMA memory is actually so designated, we can free it */
433         free_reserved_area(__va(PHYS_OFFSET), swapper_pg_dir, -1, NULL);
434 #endif
435
436         free_highpages();
437
438         mem_init_print_info(NULL);
439
440         /*
441          * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can
442          * be detected at build time already.
443          */
444 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
445         BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE                          > MODULES_VADDR);
446         BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE                                > MODULES_VADDR);
447 #endif
448
449 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
450         BUILD_BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE > PAGE_OFFSET);
451         BUG_ON(PKMAP_BASE + LAST_PKMAP * PAGE_SIZE      > PAGE_OFFSET);
452 #endif
453 }
454
455 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
456 struct section_perm {
457         const char *name;
458         unsigned long start;
459         unsigned long end;
460         pmdval_t mask;
461         pmdval_t prot;
462         pmdval_t clear;
463 };
464
465 /* First section-aligned location at or after __start_rodata. */
466 extern char __start_rodata_section_aligned[];
467
468 static struct section_perm nx_perms[] = {
469         /* Make pages tables, etc before _stext RW (set NX). */
470         {
471                 .name   = "pre-text NX",
472                 .start  = PAGE_OFFSET,
473                 .end    = (unsigned long)_stext,
474                 .mask   = ~PMD_SECT_XN,
475                 .prot   = PMD_SECT_XN,
476         },
477         /* Make init RW (set NX). */
478         {
479                 .name   = "init NX",
480                 .start  = (unsigned long)__init_begin,
481                 .end    = (unsigned long)_sdata,
482                 .mask   = ~PMD_SECT_XN,
483                 .prot   = PMD_SECT_XN,
484         },
485         /* Make rodata NX (set RO in ro_perms below). */
486         {
487                 .name   = "rodata NX",
488                 .start  = (unsigned long)__start_rodata_section_aligned,
489                 .end    = (unsigned long)__init_begin,
490                 .mask   = ~PMD_SECT_XN,
491                 .prot   = PMD_SECT_XN,
492         },
493 };
494
495 static struct section_perm ro_perms[] = {
496         /* Make kernel code and rodata RX (set RO). */
497         {
498                 .name   = "text/rodata RO",
499                 .start  = (unsigned long)_stext,
500                 .end    = (unsigned long)__init_begin,
501 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
502                 .mask   = ~(L_PMD_SECT_RDONLY | PMD_SECT_AP2),
503                 .prot   = L_PMD_SECT_RDONLY | PMD_SECT_AP2,
504 #else
505                 .mask   = ~(PMD_SECT_APX | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE),
506                 .prot   = PMD_SECT_APX | PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE,
507                 .clear  = PMD_SECT_AP_WRITE,
508 #endif
509         },
510 };
511
512 /*
513  * Updates section permissions only for the current mm (sections are
514  * copied into each mm). During startup, this is the init_mm. Is only
515  * safe to be called with preemption disabled, as under stop_machine().
516  */
517 static inline void section_update(unsigned long addr, pmdval_t mask,
518                                   pmdval_t prot, struct mm_struct *mm)
519 {
520         pmd_t *pmd;
521
522         pmd = pmd_offset(pud_offset(p4d_offset(pgd_offset(mm, addr), addr), addr), addr);
523
524 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM_LPAE
525         pmd[0] = __pmd((pmd_val(pmd[0]) & mask) | prot);
526 #else
527         if (addr & SECTION_SIZE)
528                 pmd[1] = __pmd((pmd_val(pmd[1]) & mask) | prot);
529         else
530                 pmd[0] = __pmd((pmd_val(pmd[0]) & mask) | prot);
531 #endif
532         flush_pmd_entry(pmd);
533         local_flush_tlb_kernel_range(addr, addr + SECTION_SIZE);
534 }
535
536 /* Make sure extended page tables are in use. */
537 static inline bool arch_has_strict_perms(void)
538 {
539         if (cpu_architecture() < CPU_ARCH_ARMv6)
540                 return false;
541
542         return !!(get_cr() & CR_XP);
543 }
544
545 static void set_section_perms(struct section_perm *perms, int n, bool set,
546                               struct mm_struct *mm)
547 {
548         size_t i;
549         unsigned long addr;
550
551         if (!arch_has_strict_perms())
552                 return;
553
554         for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
555                 if (!IS_ALIGNED(perms[i].start, SECTION_SIZE) ||
556                     !IS_ALIGNED(perms[i].end, SECTION_SIZE)) {
557                         pr_err("BUG: %s section %lx-%lx not aligned to %lx\n",
558                                 perms[i].name, perms[i].start, perms[i].end,
559                                 SECTION_SIZE);
560                         continue;
561                 }
562
563                 for (addr = perms[i].start;
564                      addr < perms[i].end;
565                      addr += SECTION_SIZE)
566                         section_update(addr, perms[i].mask,
567                                 set ? perms[i].prot : perms[i].clear, mm);
568         }
569
570 }
571
572 /**
573  * update_sections_early intended to be called only through stop_machine
574  * framework and executed by only one CPU while all other CPUs will spin and
575  * wait, so no locking is required in this function.
576  */
577 static void update_sections_early(struct section_perm perms[], int n)
578 {
579         struct task_struct *t, *s;
580
581         for_each_process(t) {
582                 if (t->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
583                         continue;
584                 for_each_thread(t, s)
585                         if (s->mm)
586                                 set_section_perms(perms, n, true, s->mm);
587         }
588         set_section_perms(perms, n, true, current->active_mm);
589         set_section_perms(perms, n, true, &init_mm);
590 }
591
592 static int __fix_kernmem_perms(void *unused)
593 {
594         update_sections_early(nx_perms, ARRAY_SIZE(nx_perms));
595         return 0;
596 }
597
598 static void fix_kernmem_perms(void)
599 {
600         stop_machine(__fix_kernmem_perms, NULL, NULL);
601 }
602
603 static int __mark_rodata_ro(void *unused)
604 {
605         update_sections_early(ro_perms, ARRAY_SIZE(ro_perms));
606         return 0;
607 }
608
609 static int kernel_set_to_readonly __read_mostly;
610
611 void mark_rodata_ro(void)
612 {
613         kernel_set_to_readonly = 1;
614         stop_machine(__mark_rodata_ro, NULL, NULL);
615         debug_checkwx();
616 }
617
618 void set_kernel_text_rw(void)
619 {
620         if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
621                 return;
622
623         set_section_perms(ro_perms, ARRAY_SIZE(ro_perms), false,
624                                 current->active_mm);
625 }
626
627 void set_kernel_text_ro(void)
628 {
629         if (!kernel_set_to_readonly)
630                 return;
631
632         set_section_perms(ro_perms, ARRAY_SIZE(ro_perms), true,
633                                 current->active_mm);
634 }
635
636 #else
637 static inline void fix_kernmem_perms(void) { }
638 #endif /* CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX */
639
640 void free_initmem(void)
641 {
642         fix_kernmem_perms();
643
644         poison_init_mem(__init_begin, __init_end - __init_begin);
645         if (!machine_is_integrator() && !machine_is_cintegrator())
646                 free_initmem_default(-1);
647 }
648
649 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
650 void free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
651 {
652         if (start == initrd_start)
653                 start = round_down(start, PAGE_SIZE);
654         if (end == initrd_end)
655                 end = round_up(end, PAGE_SIZE);
656
657         poison_init_mem((void *)start, PAGE_ALIGN(end) - start);
658         free_reserved_area((void *)start, (void *)end, -1, "initrd");
659 }
660 #endif
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