1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
8 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "damon: " fmt
10 #include <linux/damon.h>
11 #include <linux/delay.h>
12 #include <linux/kthread.h>
14 #include <linux/psi.h>
15 #include <linux/slab.h>
16 #include <linux/string.h>
18 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
19 #include <trace/events/damon.h>
21 #ifdef CONFIG_DAMON_KUNIT_TEST
22 #undef DAMON_MIN_REGION
23 #define DAMON_MIN_REGION 1
26 static DEFINE_MUTEX(damon_lock);
27 static int nr_running_ctxs;
28 static bool running_exclusive_ctxs;
30 static DEFINE_MUTEX(damon_ops_lock);
31 static struct damon_operations damon_registered_ops[NR_DAMON_OPS];
33 static struct kmem_cache *damon_region_cache __ro_after_init;
35 /* Should be called under damon_ops_lock with id smaller than NR_DAMON_OPS */
36 static bool __damon_is_registered_ops(enum damon_ops_id id)
38 struct damon_operations empty_ops = {};
40 if (!memcmp(&empty_ops, &damon_registered_ops[id], sizeof(empty_ops)))
46 * damon_is_registered_ops() - Check if a given damon_operations is registered.
47 * @id: Id of the damon_operations to check if registered.
49 * Return: true if the ops is set, false otherwise.
51 bool damon_is_registered_ops(enum damon_ops_id id)
55 if (id >= NR_DAMON_OPS)
57 mutex_lock(&damon_ops_lock);
58 registered = __damon_is_registered_ops(id);
59 mutex_unlock(&damon_ops_lock);
64 * damon_register_ops() - Register a monitoring operations set to DAMON.
65 * @ops: monitoring operations set to register.
67 * This function registers a monitoring operations set of valid &struct
68 * damon_operations->id so that others can find and use them later.
70 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
72 int damon_register_ops(struct damon_operations *ops)
76 if (ops->id >= NR_DAMON_OPS)
78 mutex_lock(&damon_ops_lock);
79 /* Fail for already registered ops */
80 if (__damon_is_registered_ops(ops->id)) {
84 damon_registered_ops[ops->id] = *ops;
86 mutex_unlock(&damon_ops_lock);
91 * damon_select_ops() - Select a monitoring operations to use with the context.
92 * @ctx: monitoring context to use the operations.
93 * @id: id of the registered monitoring operations to select.
95 * This function finds registered monitoring operations set of @id and make
98 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
100 int damon_select_ops(struct damon_ctx *ctx, enum damon_ops_id id)
104 if (id >= NR_DAMON_OPS)
107 mutex_lock(&damon_ops_lock);
108 if (!__damon_is_registered_ops(id))
111 ctx->ops = damon_registered_ops[id];
112 mutex_unlock(&damon_ops_lock);
117 * Construct a damon_region struct
119 * Returns the pointer to the new struct if success, or NULL otherwise
121 struct damon_region *damon_new_region(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
123 struct damon_region *region;
125 region = kmem_cache_alloc(damon_region_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
129 region->ar.start = start;
130 region->ar.end = end;
131 region->nr_accesses = 0;
132 region->nr_accesses_bp = 0;
133 INIT_LIST_HEAD(®ion->list);
136 region->last_nr_accesses = 0;
141 void damon_add_region(struct damon_region *r, struct damon_target *t)
143 list_add_tail(&r->list, &t->regions_list);
147 static void damon_del_region(struct damon_region *r, struct damon_target *t)
153 static void damon_free_region(struct damon_region *r)
155 kmem_cache_free(damon_region_cache, r);
158 void damon_destroy_region(struct damon_region *r, struct damon_target *t)
160 damon_del_region(r, t);
161 damon_free_region(r);
165 * Check whether a region is intersecting an address range
167 * Returns true if it is.
169 static bool damon_intersect(struct damon_region *r,
170 struct damon_addr_range *re)
172 return !(r->ar.end <= re->start || re->end <= r->ar.start);
176 * Fill holes in regions with new regions.
178 static int damon_fill_regions_holes(struct damon_region *first,
179 struct damon_region *last, struct damon_target *t)
181 struct damon_region *r = first;
183 damon_for_each_region_from(r, t) {
184 struct damon_region *next, *newr;
188 next = damon_next_region(r);
189 if (r->ar.end != next->ar.start) {
190 newr = damon_new_region(r->ar.end, next->ar.start);
193 damon_insert_region(newr, r, next, t);
200 * damon_set_regions() - Set regions of a target for given address ranges.
201 * @t: the given target.
202 * @ranges: array of new monitoring target ranges.
203 * @nr_ranges: length of @ranges.
205 * This function adds new regions to, or modify existing regions of a
206 * monitoring target to fit in specific ranges.
208 * Return: 0 if success, or negative error code otherwise.
210 int damon_set_regions(struct damon_target *t, struct damon_addr_range *ranges,
211 unsigned int nr_ranges)
213 struct damon_region *r, *next;
217 /* Remove regions which are not in the new ranges */
218 damon_for_each_region_safe(r, next, t) {
219 for (i = 0; i < nr_ranges; i++) {
220 if (damon_intersect(r, &ranges[i]))
224 damon_destroy_region(r, t);
227 r = damon_first_region(t);
228 /* Add new regions or resize existing regions to fit in the ranges */
229 for (i = 0; i < nr_ranges; i++) {
230 struct damon_region *first = NULL, *last, *newr;
231 struct damon_addr_range *range;
234 /* Get the first/last regions intersecting with the range */
235 damon_for_each_region_from(r, t) {
236 if (damon_intersect(r, range)) {
241 if (r->ar.start >= range->end)
245 /* no region intersects with this range */
246 newr = damon_new_region(
247 ALIGN_DOWN(range->start,
249 ALIGN(range->end, DAMON_MIN_REGION));
252 damon_insert_region(newr, damon_prev_region(r), r, t);
254 /* resize intersecting regions to fit in this range */
255 first->ar.start = ALIGN_DOWN(range->start,
257 last->ar.end = ALIGN(range->end, DAMON_MIN_REGION);
259 /* fill possible holes in the range */
260 err = damon_fill_regions_holes(first, last, t);
268 struct damos_filter *damos_new_filter(enum damos_filter_type type,
271 struct damos_filter *filter;
273 filter = kmalloc(sizeof(*filter), GFP_KERNEL);
277 filter->matching = matching;
278 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&filter->list);
282 void damos_add_filter(struct damos *s, struct damos_filter *f)
284 list_add_tail(&f->list, &s->filters);
287 static void damos_del_filter(struct damos_filter *f)
292 static void damos_free_filter(struct damos_filter *f)
297 void damos_destroy_filter(struct damos_filter *f)
300 damos_free_filter(f);
303 struct damos_quota_goal *damos_new_quota_goal(
304 enum damos_quota_goal_metric metric,
305 unsigned long target_value)
307 struct damos_quota_goal *goal;
309 goal = kmalloc(sizeof(*goal), GFP_KERNEL);
312 goal->metric = metric;
313 goal->target_value = target_value;
314 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&goal->list);
318 void damos_add_quota_goal(struct damos_quota *q, struct damos_quota_goal *g)
320 list_add_tail(&g->list, &q->goals);
323 static void damos_del_quota_goal(struct damos_quota_goal *g)
328 static void damos_free_quota_goal(struct damos_quota_goal *g)
333 void damos_destroy_quota_goal(struct damos_quota_goal *g)
335 damos_del_quota_goal(g);
336 damos_free_quota_goal(g);
339 /* initialize fields of @quota that normally API users wouldn't set */
340 static struct damos_quota *damos_quota_init(struct damos_quota *quota)
343 quota->total_charged_sz = 0;
344 quota->total_charged_ns = 0;
345 quota->charged_sz = 0;
346 quota->charged_from = 0;
347 quota->charge_target_from = NULL;
348 quota->charge_addr_from = 0;
353 struct damos *damon_new_scheme(struct damos_access_pattern *pattern,
354 enum damos_action action,
355 unsigned long apply_interval_us,
356 struct damos_quota *quota,
357 struct damos_watermarks *wmarks)
359 struct damos *scheme;
361 scheme = kmalloc(sizeof(*scheme), GFP_KERNEL);
364 scheme->pattern = *pattern;
365 scheme->action = action;
366 scheme->apply_interval_us = apply_interval_us;
368 * next_apply_sis will be set when kdamond starts. While kdamond is
369 * running, it will also updated when it is added to the DAMON context,
370 * or damon_attrs are updated.
372 scheme->next_apply_sis = 0;
373 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&scheme->filters);
374 scheme->stat = (struct damos_stat){};
375 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&scheme->list);
377 scheme->quota = *(damos_quota_init(quota));
378 /* quota.goals should be separately set by caller */
379 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&scheme->quota.goals);
381 scheme->wmarks = *wmarks;
382 scheme->wmarks.activated = true;
387 static void damos_set_next_apply_sis(struct damos *s, struct damon_ctx *ctx)
389 unsigned long sample_interval = ctx->attrs.sample_interval ?
390 ctx->attrs.sample_interval : 1;
391 unsigned long apply_interval = s->apply_interval_us ?
392 s->apply_interval_us : ctx->attrs.aggr_interval;
394 s->next_apply_sis = ctx->passed_sample_intervals +
395 apply_interval / sample_interval;
398 void damon_add_scheme(struct damon_ctx *ctx, struct damos *s)
400 list_add_tail(&s->list, &ctx->schemes);
401 damos_set_next_apply_sis(s, ctx);
404 static void damon_del_scheme(struct damos *s)
409 static void damon_free_scheme(struct damos *s)
414 void damon_destroy_scheme(struct damos *s)
416 struct damos_quota_goal *g, *g_next;
417 struct damos_filter *f, *next;
419 damos_for_each_quota_goal_safe(g, g_next, &s->quota)
420 damos_destroy_quota_goal(g);
422 damos_for_each_filter_safe(f, next, s)
423 damos_destroy_filter(f);
425 damon_free_scheme(s);
429 * Construct a damon_target struct
431 * Returns the pointer to the new struct if success, or NULL otherwise
433 struct damon_target *damon_new_target(void)
435 struct damon_target *t;
437 t = kmalloc(sizeof(*t), GFP_KERNEL);
443 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&t->regions_list);
444 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&t->list);
449 void damon_add_target(struct damon_ctx *ctx, struct damon_target *t)
451 list_add_tail(&t->list, &ctx->adaptive_targets);
454 bool damon_targets_empty(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
456 return list_empty(&ctx->adaptive_targets);
459 static void damon_del_target(struct damon_target *t)
464 void damon_free_target(struct damon_target *t)
466 struct damon_region *r, *next;
468 damon_for_each_region_safe(r, next, t)
469 damon_free_region(r);
473 void damon_destroy_target(struct damon_target *t)
476 damon_free_target(t);
479 unsigned int damon_nr_regions(struct damon_target *t)
481 return t->nr_regions;
484 struct damon_ctx *damon_new_ctx(void)
486 struct damon_ctx *ctx;
488 ctx = kzalloc(sizeof(*ctx), GFP_KERNEL);
492 init_completion(&ctx->kdamond_started);
494 ctx->attrs.sample_interval = 5 * 1000;
495 ctx->attrs.aggr_interval = 100 * 1000;
496 ctx->attrs.ops_update_interval = 60 * 1000 * 1000;
498 ctx->passed_sample_intervals = 0;
499 /* These will be set from kdamond_init_intervals_sis() */
500 ctx->next_aggregation_sis = 0;
501 ctx->next_ops_update_sis = 0;
503 mutex_init(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
505 ctx->attrs.min_nr_regions = 10;
506 ctx->attrs.max_nr_regions = 1000;
508 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx->adaptive_targets);
509 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ctx->schemes);
514 static void damon_destroy_targets(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
516 struct damon_target *t, *next_t;
518 if (ctx->ops.cleanup) {
519 ctx->ops.cleanup(ctx);
523 damon_for_each_target_safe(t, next_t, ctx)
524 damon_destroy_target(t);
527 void damon_destroy_ctx(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
529 struct damos *s, *next_s;
531 damon_destroy_targets(ctx);
533 damon_for_each_scheme_safe(s, next_s, ctx)
534 damon_destroy_scheme(s);
539 static unsigned int damon_age_for_new_attrs(unsigned int age,
540 struct damon_attrs *old_attrs, struct damon_attrs *new_attrs)
542 return age * old_attrs->aggr_interval / new_attrs->aggr_interval;
545 /* convert access ratio in bp (per 10,000) to nr_accesses */
546 static unsigned int damon_accesses_bp_to_nr_accesses(
547 unsigned int accesses_bp, struct damon_attrs *attrs)
549 return accesses_bp * damon_max_nr_accesses(attrs) / 10000;
552 /* convert nr_accesses to access ratio in bp (per 10,000) */
553 static unsigned int damon_nr_accesses_to_accesses_bp(
554 unsigned int nr_accesses, struct damon_attrs *attrs)
556 return nr_accesses * 10000 / damon_max_nr_accesses(attrs);
559 static unsigned int damon_nr_accesses_for_new_attrs(unsigned int nr_accesses,
560 struct damon_attrs *old_attrs, struct damon_attrs *new_attrs)
562 return damon_accesses_bp_to_nr_accesses(
563 damon_nr_accesses_to_accesses_bp(
564 nr_accesses, old_attrs),
568 static void damon_update_monitoring_result(struct damon_region *r,
569 struct damon_attrs *old_attrs, struct damon_attrs *new_attrs)
571 r->nr_accesses = damon_nr_accesses_for_new_attrs(r->nr_accesses,
572 old_attrs, new_attrs);
573 r->nr_accesses_bp = r->nr_accesses * 10000;
574 r->age = damon_age_for_new_attrs(r->age, old_attrs, new_attrs);
578 * region->nr_accesses is the number of sampling intervals in the last
579 * aggregation interval that access to the region has found, and region->age is
580 * the number of aggregation intervals that its access pattern has maintained.
581 * For the reason, the real meaning of the two fields depend on current
582 * sampling interval and aggregation interval. This function updates
583 * ->nr_accesses and ->age of given damon_ctx's regions for new damon_attrs.
585 static void damon_update_monitoring_results(struct damon_ctx *ctx,
586 struct damon_attrs *new_attrs)
588 struct damon_attrs *old_attrs = &ctx->attrs;
589 struct damon_target *t;
590 struct damon_region *r;
592 /* if any interval is zero, simply forgive conversion */
593 if (!old_attrs->sample_interval || !old_attrs->aggr_interval ||
594 !new_attrs->sample_interval ||
595 !new_attrs->aggr_interval)
598 damon_for_each_target(t, ctx)
599 damon_for_each_region(r, t)
600 damon_update_monitoring_result(
601 r, old_attrs, new_attrs);
605 * damon_set_attrs() - Set attributes for the monitoring.
606 * @ctx: monitoring context
607 * @attrs: monitoring attributes
609 * This function should be called while the kdamond is not running, or an
610 * access check results aggregation is not ongoing (e.g., from
611 * &struct damon_callback->after_aggregation or
612 * &struct damon_callback->after_wmarks_check callbacks).
614 * Every time interval is in micro-seconds.
616 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
618 int damon_set_attrs(struct damon_ctx *ctx, struct damon_attrs *attrs)
620 unsigned long sample_interval = attrs->sample_interval ?
621 attrs->sample_interval : 1;
624 if (attrs->min_nr_regions < 3)
626 if (attrs->min_nr_regions > attrs->max_nr_regions)
628 if (attrs->sample_interval > attrs->aggr_interval)
631 ctx->next_aggregation_sis = ctx->passed_sample_intervals +
632 attrs->aggr_interval / sample_interval;
633 ctx->next_ops_update_sis = ctx->passed_sample_intervals +
634 attrs->ops_update_interval / sample_interval;
636 damon_update_monitoring_results(ctx, attrs);
639 damon_for_each_scheme(s, ctx)
640 damos_set_next_apply_sis(s, ctx);
646 * damon_set_schemes() - Set data access monitoring based operation schemes.
647 * @ctx: monitoring context
648 * @schemes: array of the schemes
649 * @nr_schemes: number of entries in @schemes
651 * This function should not be called while the kdamond of the context is
654 void damon_set_schemes(struct damon_ctx *ctx, struct damos **schemes,
657 struct damos *s, *next;
660 damon_for_each_scheme_safe(s, next, ctx)
661 damon_destroy_scheme(s);
662 for (i = 0; i < nr_schemes; i++)
663 damon_add_scheme(ctx, schemes[i]);
667 * damon_nr_running_ctxs() - Return number of currently running contexts.
669 int damon_nr_running_ctxs(void)
673 mutex_lock(&damon_lock);
674 nr_ctxs = nr_running_ctxs;
675 mutex_unlock(&damon_lock);
680 /* Returns the size upper limit for each monitoring region */
681 static unsigned long damon_region_sz_limit(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
683 struct damon_target *t;
684 struct damon_region *r;
685 unsigned long sz = 0;
687 damon_for_each_target(t, ctx) {
688 damon_for_each_region(r, t)
689 sz += damon_sz_region(r);
692 if (ctx->attrs.min_nr_regions)
693 sz /= ctx->attrs.min_nr_regions;
694 if (sz < DAMON_MIN_REGION)
695 sz = DAMON_MIN_REGION;
700 static int kdamond_fn(void *data);
703 * __damon_start() - Starts monitoring with given context.
704 * @ctx: monitoring context
706 * This function should be called while damon_lock is hold.
708 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
710 static int __damon_start(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
714 mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
717 reinit_completion(&ctx->kdamond_started);
718 ctx->kdamond = kthread_run(kdamond_fn, ctx, "kdamond.%d",
720 if (IS_ERR(ctx->kdamond)) {
721 err = PTR_ERR(ctx->kdamond);
724 wait_for_completion(&ctx->kdamond_started);
727 mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
733 * damon_start() - Starts the monitorings for a given group of contexts.
734 * @ctxs: an array of the pointers for contexts to start monitoring
735 * @nr_ctxs: size of @ctxs
736 * @exclusive: exclusiveness of this contexts group
738 * This function starts a group of monitoring threads for a group of monitoring
739 * contexts. One thread per each context is created and run in parallel. The
740 * caller should handle synchronization between the threads by itself. If
741 * @exclusive is true and a group of threads that created by other
742 * 'damon_start()' call is currently running, this function does nothing but
745 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
747 int damon_start(struct damon_ctx **ctxs, int nr_ctxs, bool exclusive)
752 mutex_lock(&damon_lock);
753 if ((exclusive && nr_running_ctxs) ||
754 (!exclusive && running_exclusive_ctxs)) {
755 mutex_unlock(&damon_lock);
759 for (i = 0; i < nr_ctxs; i++) {
760 err = __damon_start(ctxs[i]);
765 if (exclusive && nr_running_ctxs)
766 running_exclusive_ctxs = true;
767 mutex_unlock(&damon_lock);
773 * __damon_stop() - Stops monitoring of a given context.
774 * @ctx: monitoring context
776 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
778 static int __damon_stop(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
780 struct task_struct *tsk;
782 mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
785 get_task_struct(tsk);
786 mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
787 kthread_stop_put(tsk);
790 mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
796 * damon_stop() - Stops the monitorings for a given group of contexts.
797 * @ctxs: an array of the pointers for contexts to stop monitoring
798 * @nr_ctxs: size of @ctxs
800 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
802 int damon_stop(struct damon_ctx **ctxs, int nr_ctxs)
806 for (i = 0; i < nr_ctxs; i++) {
807 /* nr_running_ctxs is decremented in kdamond_fn */
808 err = __damon_stop(ctxs[i]);
816 * Reset the aggregated monitoring results ('nr_accesses' of each region).
818 static void kdamond_reset_aggregated(struct damon_ctx *c)
820 struct damon_target *t;
821 unsigned int ti = 0; /* target's index */
823 damon_for_each_target(t, c) {
824 struct damon_region *r;
826 damon_for_each_region(r, t) {
827 trace_damon_aggregated(ti, r, damon_nr_regions(t));
828 r->last_nr_accesses = r->nr_accesses;
835 static void damon_split_region_at(struct damon_target *t,
836 struct damon_region *r, unsigned long sz_r);
838 static bool __damos_valid_target(struct damon_region *r, struct damos *s)
841 unsigned int nr_accesses = r->nr_accesses_bp / 10000;
843 sz = damon_sz_region(r);
844 return s->pattern.min_sz_region <= sz &&
845 sz <= s->pattern.max_sz_region &&
846 s->pattern.min_nr_accesses <= nr_accesses &&
847 nr_accesses <= s->pattern.max_nr_accesses &&
848 s->pattern.min_age_region <= r->age &&
849 r->age <= s->pattern.max_age_region;
852 static bool damos_valid_target(struct damon_ctx *c, struct damon_target *t,
853 struct damon_region *r, struct damos *s)
855 bool ret = __damos_valid_target(r, s);
857 if (!ret || !s->quota.esz || !c->ops.get_scheme_score)
860 return c->ops.get_scheme_score(c, t, r, s) >= s->quota.min_score;
864 * damos_skip_charged_region() - Check if the given region or starting part of
865 * it is already charged for the DAMOS quota.
866 * @t: The target of the region.
867 * @rp: The pointer to the region.
868 * @s: The scheme to be applied.
870 * If a quota of a scheme has exceeded in a quota charge window, the scheme's
871 * action would applied to only a part of the target access pattern fulfilling
872 * regions. To avoid applying the scheme action to only already applied
873 * regions, DAMON skips applying the scheme action to the regions that charged
874 * in the previous charge window.
876 * This function checks if a given region should be skipped or not for the
877 * reason. If only the starting part of the region has previously charged,
878 * this function splits the region into two so that the second one covers the
879 * area that not charged in the previous charge widnow and saves the second
880 * region in *rp and returns false, so that the caller can apply DAMON action
883 * Return: true if the region should be entirely skipped, false otherwise.
885 static bool damos_skip_charged_region(struct damon_target *t,
886 struct damon_region **rp, struct damos *s)
888 struct damon_region *r = *rp;
889 struct damos_quota *quota = &s->quota;
890 unsigned long sz_to_skip;
892 /* Skip previously charged regions */
893 if (quota->charge_target_from) {
894 if (t != quota->charge_target_from)
896 if (r == damon_last_region(t)) {
897 quota->charge_target_from = NULL;
898 quota->charge_addr_from = 0;
901 if (quota->charge_addr_from &&
902 r->ar.end <= quota->charge_addr_from)
905 if (quota->charge_addr_from && r->ar.start <
906 quota->charge_addr_from) {
907 sz_to_skip = ALIGN_DOWN(quota->charge_addr_from -
908 r->ar.start, DAMON_MIN_REGION);
910 if (damon_sz_region(r) <= DAMON_MIN_REGION)
912 sz_to_skip = DAMON_MIN_REGION;
914 damon_split_region_at(t, r, sz_to_skip);
915 r = damon_next_region(r);
918 quota->charge_target_from = NULL;
919 quota->charge_addr_from = 0;
924 static void damos_update_stat(struct damos *s,
925 unsigned long sz_tried, unsigned long sz_applied)
928 s->stat.sz_tried += sz_tried;
930 s->stat.nr_applied++;
931 s->stat.sz_applied += sz_applied;
934 static bool __damos_filter_out(struct damon_ctx *ctx, struct damon_target *t,
935 struct damon_region *r, struct damos_filter *filter)
937 bool matched = false;
938 struct damon_target *ti;
940 unsigned long start, end;
942 switch (filter->type) {
943 case DAMOS_FILTER_TYPE_TARGET:
944 damon_for_each_target(ti, ctx) {
949 matched = target_idx == filter->target_idx;
951 case DAMOS_FILTER_TYPE_ADDR:
952 start = ALIGN_DOWN(filter->addr_range.start, DAMON_MIN_REGION);
953 end = ALIGN_DOWN(filter->addr_range.end, DAMON_MIN_REGION);
955 /* inside the range */
956 if (start <= r->ar.start && r->ar.end <= end) {
960 /* outside of the range */
961 if (r->ar.end <= start || end <= r->ar.start) {
965 /* start before the range and overlap */
966 if (r->ar.start < start) {
967 damon_split_region_at(t, r, start - r->ar.start);
971 /* start inside the range */
972 damon_split_region_at(t, r, end - r->ar.start);
979 return matched == filter->matching;
982 static bool damos_filter_out(struct damon_ctx *ctx, struct damon_target *t,
983 struct damon_region *r, struct damos *s)
985 struct damos_filter *filter;
987 damos_for_each_filter(filter, s) {
988 if (__damos_filter_out(ctx, t, r, filter))
994 static void damos_apply_scheme(struct damon_ctx *c, struct damon_target *t,
995 struct damon_region *r, struct damos *s)
997 struct damos_quota *quota = &s->quota;
998 unsigned long sz = damon_sz_region(r);
999 struct timespec64 begin, end;
1000 unsigned long sz_applied = 0;
1003 * We plan to support multiple context per kdamond, as DAMON sysfs
1004 * implies with 'nr_contexts' file. Nevertheless, only single context
1005 * per kdamond is supported for now. So, we can simply use '0' context
1008 unsigned int cidx = 0;
1009 struct damos *siter; /* schemes iterator */
1010 unsigned int sidx = 0;
1011 struct damon_target *titer; /* targets iterator */
1012 unsigned int tidx = 0;
1013 bool do_trace = false;
1015 /* get indices for trace_damos_before_apply() */
1016 if (trace_damos_before_apply_enabled()) {
1017 damon_for_each_scheme(siter, c) {
1022 damon_for_each_target(titer, c) {
1030 if (c->ops.apply_scheme) {
1031 if (quota->esz && quota->charged_sz + sz > quota->esz) {
1032 sz = ALIGN_DOWN(quota->esz - quota->charged_sz,
1036 damon_split_region_at(t, r, sz);
1038 if (damos_filter_out(c, t, r, s))
1040 ktime_get_coarse_ts64(&begin);
1041 if (c->callback.before_damos_apply)
1042 err = c->callback.before_damos_apply(c, t, r, s);
1044 trace_damos_before_apply(cidx, sidx, tidx, r,
1045 damon_nr_regions(t), do_trace);
1046 sz_applied = c->ops.apply_scheme(c, t, r, s);
1048 ktime_get_coarse_ts64(&end);
1049 quota->total_charged_ns += timespec64_to_ns(&end) -
1050 timespec64_to_ns(&begin);
1051 quota->charged_sz += sz;
1052 if (quota->esz && quota->charged_sz >= quota->esz) {
1053 quota->charge_target_from = t;
1054 quota->charge_addr_from = r->ar.end + 1;
1057 if (s->action != DAMOS_STAT)
1061 damos_update_stat(s, sz, sz_applied);
1064 static void damon_do_apply_schemes(struct damon_ctx *c,
1065 struct damon_target *t,
1066 struct damon_region *r)
1070 damon_for_each_scheme(s, c) {
1071 struct damos_quota *quota = &s->quota;
1073 if (c->passed_sample_intervals != s->next_apply_sis)
1076 if (!s->wmarks.activated)
1079 /* Check the quota */
1080 if (quota->esz && quota->charged_sz >= quota->esz)
1083 if (damos_skip_charged_region(t, &r, s))
1086 if (!damos_valid_target(c, t, r, s))
1089 damos_apply_scheme(c, t, r, s);
1094 * damon_feed_loop_next_input() - get next input to achieve a target score.
1095 * @last_input The last input.
1096 * @score Current score that made with @last_input.
1098 * Calculate next input to achieve the target score, based on the last input
1099 * and current score. Assuming the input and the score are positively
1100 * proportional, calculate how much compensation should be added to or
1101 * subtracted from the last input as a proportion of the last input. Avoid
1102 * next input always being zero by setting it non-zero always. In short form
1103 * (assuming support of float and signed calculations), the algorithm is as
1106 * next_input = max(last_input * ((goal - current) / goal + 1), 1)
1108 * For simple implementation, we assume the target score is always 10,000. The
1109 * caller should adjust @score for this.
1111 * Returns next input that assumed to achieve the target score.
1113 static unsigned long damon_feed_loop_next_input(unsigned long last_input,
1114 unsigned long score)
1116 const unsigned long goal = 10000;
1117 unsigned long score_goal_diff = max(goal, score) - min(goal, score);
1118 unsigned long score_goal_diff_bp = score_goal_diff * 10000 / goal;
1119 unsigned long compensation = last_input * score_goal_diff_bp / 10000;
1120 /* Set minimum input as 10000 to avoid compensation be zero */
1121 const unsigned long min_input = 10000;
1124 return last_input + compensation;
1125 if (last_input > compensation + min_input)
1126 return last_input - compensation;
1132 static u64 damos_get_some_mem_psi_total(void)
1134 if (static_branch_likely(&psi_disabled))
1136 return div_u64(psi_system.total[PSI_AVGS][PSI_MEM * 2],
1140 #else /* CONFIG_PSI */
1142 static inline u64 damos_get_some_mem_psi_total(void)
1147 #endif /* CONFIG_PSI */
1149 static void damos_set_quota_goal_current_value(struct damos_quota_goal *goal)
1153 switch (goal->metric) {
1154 case DAMOS_QUOTA_USER_INPUT:
1155 /* User should already set goal->current_value */
1157 case DAMOS_QUOTA_SOME_MEM_PSI_US:
1158 now_psi_total = damos_get_some_mem_psi_total();
1159 goal->current_value = now_psi_total - goal->last_psi_total;
1160 goal->last_psi_total = now_psi_total;
1167 /* Return the highest score since it makes schemes least aggressive */
1168 static unsigned long damos_quota_score(struct damos_quota *quota)
1170 struct damos_quota_goal *goal;
1171 unsigned long highest_score = 0;
1173 damos_for_each_quota_goal(goal, quota) {
1174 damos_set_quota_goal_current_value(goal);
1175 highest_score = max(highest_score,
1176 goal->current_value * 10000 /
1177 goal->target_value);
1180 return highest_score;
1184 * Called only if quota->ms, or quota->sz are set, or quota->goals is not empty
1186 static void damos_set_effective_quota(struct damos_quota *quota)
1188 unsigned long throughput;
1191 if (!quota->ms && list_empty("a->goals)) {
1192 quota->esz = quota->sz;
1196 if (!list_empty("a->goals)) {
1197 unsigned long score = damos_quota_score(quota);
1199 quota->esz_bp = damon_feed_loop_next_input(
1200 max(quota->esz_bp, 10000UL),
1202 esz = quota->esz_bp / 10000;
1206 if (quota->total_charged_ns)
1207 throughput = quota->total_charged_sz * 1000000 /
1208 quota->total_charged_ns;
1210 throughput = PAGE_SIZE * 1024;
1211 if (!list_empty("a->goals))
1212 esz = min(throughput * quota->ms, esz);
1214 esz = throughput * quota->ms;
1217 if (quota->sz && quota->sz < esz)
1223 static void damos_adjust_quota(struct damon_ctx *c, struct damos *s)
1225 struct damos_quota *quota = &s->quota;
1226 struct damon_target *t;
1227 struct damon_region *r;
1228 unsigned long cumulated_sz;
1229 unsigned int score, max_score = 0;
1231 if (!quota->ms && !quota->sz && list_empty("a->goals))
1234 /* New charge window starts */
1235 if (time_after_eq(jiffies, quota->charged_from +
1236 msecs_to_jiffies(quota->reset_interval))) {
1237 if (quota->esz && quota->charged_sz >= quota->esz)
1238 s->stat.qt_exceeds++;
1239 quota->total_charged_sz += quota->charged_sz;
1240 quota->charged_from = jiffies;
1241 quota->charged_sz = 0;
1242 damos_set_effective_quota(quota);
1245 if (!c->ops.get_scheme_score)
1248 /* Fill up the score histogram */
1249 memset(quota->histogram, 0, sizeof(quota->histogram));
1250 damon_for_each_target(t, c) {
1251 damon_for_each_region(r, t) {
1252 if (!__damos_valid_target(r, s))
1254 score = c->ops.get_scheme_score(c, t, r, s);
1255 quota->histogram[score] += damon_sz_region(r);
1256 if (score > max_score)
1261 /* Set the min score limit */
1262 for (cumulated_sz = 0, score = max_score; ; score--) {
1263 cumulated_sz += quota->histogram[score];
1264 if (cumulated_sz >= quota->esz || !score)
1267 quota->min_score = score;
1270 static void kdamond_apply_schemes(struct damon_ctx *c)
1272 struct damon_target *t;
1273 struct damon_region *r, *next_r;
1275 unsigned long sample_interval = c->attrs.sample_interval ?
1276 c->attrs.sample_interval : 1;
1277 bool has_schemes_to_apply = false;
1279 damon_for_each_scheme(s, c) {
1280 if (c->passed_sample_intervals != s->next_apply_sis)
1283 if (!s->wmarks.activated)
1286 has_schemes_to_apply = true;
1288 damos_adjust_quota(c, s);
1291 if (!has_schemes_to_apply)
1294 damon_for_each_target(t, c) {
1295 damon_for_each_region_safe(r, next_r, t)
1296 damon_do_apply_schemes(c, t, r);
1299 damon_for_each_scheme(s, c) {
1300 if (c->passed_sample_intervals != s->next_apply_sis)
1302 s->next_apply_sis +=
1303 (s->apply_interval_us ? s->apply_interval_us :
1304 c->attrs.aggr_interval) / sample_interval;
1309 * Merge two adjacent regions into one region
1311 static void damon_merge_two_regions(struct damon_target *t,
1312 struct damon_region *l, struct damon_region *r)
1314 unsigned long sz_l = damon_sz_region(l), sz_r = damon_sz_region(r);
1316 l->nr_accesses = (l->nr_accesses * sz_l + r->nr_accesses * sz_r) /
1318 l->nr_accesses_bp = l->nr_accesses * 10000;
1319 l->age = (l->age * sz_l + r->age * sz_r) / (sz_l + sz_r);
1320 l->ar.end = r->ar.end;
1321 damon_destroy_region(r, t);
1325 * Merge adjacent regions having similar access frequencies
1327 * t target affected by this merge operation
1328 * thres '->nr_accesses' diff threshold for the merge
1329 * sz_limit size upper limit of each region
1331 static void damon_merge_regions_of(struct damon_target *t, unsigned int thres,
1332 unsigned long sz_limit)
1334 struct damon_region *r, *prev = NULL, *next;
1336 damon_for_each_region_safe(r, next, t) {
1337 if (abs(r->nr_accesses - r->last_nr_accesses) > thres)
1342 if (prev && prev->ar.end == r->ar.start &&
1343 abs(prev->nr_accesses - r->nr_accesses) <= thres &&
1344 damon_sz_region(prev) + damon_sz_region(r) <= sz_limit)
1345 damon_merge_two_regions(t, prev, r);
1352 * Merge adjacent regions having similar access frequencies
1354 * threshold '->nr_accesses' diff threshold for the merge
1355 * sz_limit size upper limit of each region
1357 * This function merges monitoring target regions which are adjacent and their
1358 * access frequencies are similar. This is for minimizing the monitoring
1359 * overhead under the dynamically changeable access pattern. If a merge was
1360 * unnecessarily made, later 'kdamond_split_regions()' will revert it.
1362 * The total number of regions could be higher than the user-defined limit,
1363 * max_nr_regions for some cases. For example, the user can update
1364 * max_nr_regions to a number that lower than the current number of regions
1365 * while DAMON is running. For such a case, repeat merging until the limit is
1366 * met while increasing @threshold up to possible maximum level.
1368 static void kdamond_merge_regions(struct damon_ctx *c, unsigned int threshold,
1369 unsigned long sz_limit)
1371 struct damon_target *t;
1372 unsigned int nr_regions;
1373 unsigned int max_thres;
1375 max_thres = c->attrs.aggr_interval /
1376 (c->attrs.sample_interval ? c->attrs.sample_interval : 1);
1379 damon_for_each_target(t, c) {
1380 damon_merge_regions_of(t, threshold, sz_limit);
1381 nr_regions += damon_nr_regions(t);
1383 threshold = max(1, threshold * 2);
1384 } while (nr_regions > c->attrs.max_nr_regions &&
1385 threshold / 2 < max_thres);
1389 * Split a region in two
1391 * r the region to be split
1392 * sz_r size of the first sub-region that will be made
1394 static void damon_split_region_at(struct damon_target *t,
1395 struct damon_region *r, unsigned long sz_r)
1397 struct damon_region *new;
1399 new = damon_new_region(r->ar.start + sz_r, r->ar.end);
1403 r->ar.end = new->ar.start;
1406 new->last_nr_accesses = r->last_nr_accesses;
1407 new->nr_accesses_bp = r->nr_accesses_bp;
1408 new->nr_accesses = r->nr_accesses;
1410 damon_insert_region(new, r, damon_next_region(r), t);
1413 /* Split every region in the given target into 'nr_subs' regions */
1414 static void damon_split_regions_of(struct damon_target *t, int nr_subs)
1416 struct damon_region *r, *next;
1417 unsigned long sz_region, sz_sub = 0;
1420 damon_for_each_region_safe(r, next, t) {
1421 sz_region = damon_sz_region(r);
1423 for (i = 0; i < nr_subs - 1 &&
1424 sz_region > 2 * DAMON_MIN_REGION; i++) {
1426 * Randomly select size of left sub-region to be at
1427 * least 10 percent and at most 90% of original region
1429 sz_sub = ALIGN_DOWN(damon_rand(1, 10) *
1430 sz_region / 10, DAMON_MIN_REGION);
1431 /* Do not allow blank region */
1432 if (sz_sub == 0 || sz_sub >= sz_region)
1435 damon_split_region_at(t, r, sz_sub);
1442 * Split every target region into randomly-sized small regions
1444 * This function splits every target region into random-sized small regions if
1445 * current total number of the regions is equal or smaller than half of the
1446 * user-specified maximum number of regions. This is for maximizing the
1447 * monitoring accuracy under the dynamically changeable access patterns. If a
1448 * split was unnecessarily made, later 'kdamond_merge_regions()' will revert
1451 static void kdamond_split_regions(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1453 struct damon_target *t;
1454 unsigned int nr_regions = 0;
1455 static unsigned int last_nr_regions;
1456 int nr_subregions = 2;
1458 damon_for_each_target(t, ctx)
1459 nr_regions += damon_nr_regions(t);
1461 if (nr_regions > ctx->attrs.max_nr_regions / 2)
1464 /* Maybe the middle of the region has different access frequency */
1465 if (last_nr_regions == nr_regions &&
1466 nr_regions < ctx->attrs.max_nr_regions / 3)
1469 damon_for_each_target(t, ctx)
1470 damon_split_regions_of(t, nr_subregions);
1472 last_nr_regions = nr_regions;
1476 * Check whether current monitoring should be stopped
1478 * The monitoring is stopped when either the user requested to stop, or all
1479 * monitoring targets are invalid.
1481 * Returns true if need to stop current monitoring.
1483 static bool kdamond_need_stop(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1485 struct damon_target *t;
1487 if (kthread_should_stop())
1490 if (!ctx->ops.target_valid)
1493 damon_for_each_target(t, ctx) {
1494 if (ctx->ops.target_valid(t))
1501 static int damos_get_wmark_metric_value(enum damos_wmark_metric metric,
1502 unsigned long *metric_value)
1505 case DAMOS_WMARK_FREE_MEM_RATE:
1506 *metric_value = global_zone_page_state(NR_FREE_PAGES) * 1000 /
1516 * Returns zero if the scheme is active. Else, returns time to wait for next
1517 * watermark check in micro-seconds.
1519 static unsigned long damos_wmark_wait_us(struct damos *scheme)
1521 unsigned long metric;
1523 if (damos_get_wmark_metric_value(scheme->wmarks.metric, &metric))
1526 /* higher than high watermark or lower than low watermark */
1527 if (metric > scheme->wmarks.high || scheme->wmarks.low > metric) {
1528 if (scheme->wmarks.activated)
1529 pr_debug("deactivate a scheme (%d) for %s wmark\n",
1531 metric > scheme->wmarks.high ?
1533 scheme->wmarks.activated = false;
1534 return scheme->wmarks.interval;
1537 /* inactive and higher than middle watermark */
1538 if ((scheme->wmarks.high >= metric && metric >= scheme->wmarks.mid) &&
1539 !scheme->wmarks.activated)
1540 return scheme->wmarks.interval;
1542 if (!scheme->wmarks.activated)
1543 pr_debug("activate a scheme (%d)\n", scheme->action);
1544 scheme->wmarks.activated = true;
1548 static void kdamond_usleep(unsigned long usecs)
1550 /* See Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst for the thresholds */
1551 if (usecs > 20 * USEC_PER_MSEC)
1552 schedule_timeout_idle(usecs_to_jiffies(usecs));
1554 usleep_idle_range(usecs, usecs + 1);
1557 /* Returns negative error code if it's not activated but should return */
1558 static int kdamond_wait_activation(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1561 unsigned long wait_time;
1562 unsigned long min_wait_time = 0;
1563 bool init_wait_time = false;
1565 while (!kdamond_need_stop(ctx)) {
1566 damon_for_each_scheme(s, ctx) {
1567 wait_time = damos_wmark_wait_us(s);
1568 if (!init_wait_time || wait_time < min_wait_time) {
1569 init_wait_time = true;
1570 min_wait_time = wait_time;
1576 kdamond_usleep(min_wait_time);
1578 if (ctx->callback.after_wmarks_check &&
1579 ctx->callback.after_wmarks_check(ctx))
1585 static void kdamond_init_intervals_sis(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1587 unsigned long sample_interval = ctx->attrs.sample_interval ?
1588 ctx->attrs.sample_interval : 1;
1589 unsigned long apply_interval;
1590 struct damos *scheme;
1592 ctx->passed_sample_intervals = 0;
1593 ctx->next_aggregation_sis = ctx->attrs.aggr_interval / sample_interval;
1594 ctx->next_ops_update_sis = ctx->attrs.ops_update_interval /
1597 damon_for_each_scheme(scheme, ctx) {
1598 apply_interval = scheme->apply_interval_us ?
1599 scheme->apply_interval_us : ctx->attrs.aggr_interval;
1600 scheme->next_apply_sis = apply_interval / sample_interval;
1605 * The monitoring daemon that runs as a kernel thread
1607 static int kdamond_fn(void *data)
1609 struct damon_ctx *ctx = data;
1610 struct damon_target *t;
1611 struct damon_region *r, *next;
1612 unsigned int max_nr_accesses = 0;
1613 unsigned long sz_limit = 0;
1615 pr_debug("kdamond (%d) starts\n", current->pid);
1617 complete(&ctx->kdamond_started);
1618 kdamond_init_intervals_sis(ctx);
1622 if (ctx->callback.before_start && ctx->callback.before_start(ctx))
1625 sz_limit = damon_region_sz_limit(ctx);
1627 while (!kdamond_need_stop(ctx)) {
1629 * ctx->attrs and ctx->next_{aggregation,ops_update}_sis could
1630 * be changed from after_wmarks_check() or after_aggregation()
1631 * callbacks. Read the values here, and use those for this
1632 * iteration. That is, damon_set_attrs() updated new values
1633 * are respected from next iteration.
1635 unsigned long next_aggregation_sis = ctx->next_aggregation_sis;
1636 unsigned long next_ops_update_sis = ctx->next_ops_update_sis;
1637 unsigned long sample_interval = ctx->attrs.sample_interval;
1639 if (kdamond_wait_activation(ctx))
1642 if (ctx->ops.prepare_access_checks)
1643 ctx->ops.prepare_access_checks(ctx);
1644 if (ctx->callback.after_sampling &&
1645 ctx->callback.after_sampling(ctx))
1648 kdamond_usleep(sample_interval);
1649 ctx->passed_sample_intervals++;
1651 if (ctx->ops.check_accesses)
1652 max_nr_accesses = ctx->ops.check_accesses(ctx);
1654 if (ctx->passed_sample_intervals == next_aggregation_sis) {
1655 kdamond_merge_regions(ctx,
1656 max_nr_accesses / 10,
1658 if (ctx->callback.after_aggregation &&
1659 ctx->callback.after_aggregation(ctx))
1664 * do kdamond_apply_schemes() after kdamond_merge_regions() if
1665 * possible, to reduce overhead
1667 if (!list_empty(&ctx->schemes))
1668 kdamond_apply_schemes(ctx);
1670 sample_interval = ctx->attrs.sample_interval ?
1671 ctx->attrs.sample_interval : 1;
1672 if (ctx->passed_sample_intervals == next_aggregation_sis) {
1673 ctx->next_aggregation_sis = next_aggregation_sis +
1674 ctx->attrs.aggr_interval / sample_interval;
1676 kdamond_reset_aggregated(ctx);
1677 kdamond_split_regions(ctx);
1678 if (ctx->ops.reset_aggregated)
1679 ctx->ops.reset_aggregated(ctx);
1682 if (ctx->passed_sample_intervals == next_ops_update_sis) {
1683 ctx->next_ops_update_sis = next_ops_update_sis +
1684 ctx->attrs.ops_update_interval /
1686 if (ctx->ops.update)
1687 ctx->ops.update(ctx);
1688 sz_limit = damon_region_sz_limit(ctx);
1692 damon_for_each_target(t, ctx) {
1693 damon_for_each_region_safe(r, next, t)
1694 damon_destroy_region(r, t);
1697 if (ctx->callback.before_terminate)
1698 ctx->callback.before_terminate(ctx);
1699 if (ctx->ops.cleanup)
1700 ctx->ops.cleanup(ctx);
1702 pr_debug("kdamond (%d) finishes\n", current->pid);
1703 mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
1704 ctx->kdamond = NULL;
1705 mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
1707 mutex_lock(&damon_lock);
1709 if (!nr_running_ctxs && running_exclusive_ctxs)
1710 running_exclusive_ctxs = false;
1711 mutex_unlock(&damon_lock);
1717 * struct damon_system_ram_region - System RAM resource address region of
1719 * @start: Start address of the region (inclusive).
1720 * @end: End address of the region (exclusive).
1722 struct damon_system_ram_region {
1723 unsigned long start;
1727 static int walk_system_ram(struct resource *res, void *arg)
1729 struct damon_system_ram_region *a = arg;
1731 if (a->end - a->start < resource_size(res)) {
1732 a->start = res->start;
1739 * Find biggest 'System RAM' resource and store its start and end address in
1740 * @start and @end, respectively. If no System RAM is found, returns false.
1742 static bool damon_find_biggest_system_ram(unsigned long *start,
1746 struct damon_system_ram_region arg = {};
1748 walk_system_ram_res(0, ULONG_MAX, &arg, walk_system_ram);
1749 if (arg.end <= arg.start)
1758 * damon_set_region_biggest_system_ram_default() - Set the region of the given
1759 * monitoring target as requested, or biggest 'System RAM'.
1760 * @t: The monitoring target to set the region.
1761 * @start: The pointer to the start address of the region.
1762 * @end: The pointer to the end address of the region.
1764 * This function sets the region of @t as requested by @start and @end. If the
1765 * values of @start and @end are zero, however, this function finds the biggest
1766 * 'System RAM' resource and sets the region to cover the resource. In the
1767 * latter case, this function saves the start and end addresses of the resource
1768 * in @start and @end, respectively.
1770 * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
1772 int damon_set_region_biggest_system_ram_default(struct damon_target *t,
1773 unsigned long *start, unsigned long *end)
1775 struct damon_addr_range addr_range;
1780 if (!*start && !*end &&
1781 !damon_find_biggest_system_ram(start, end))
1784 addr_range.start = *start;
1785 addr_range.end = *end;
1786 return damon_set_regions(t, &addr_range, 1);
1790 * damon_moving_sum() - Calculate an inferred moving sum value.
1791 * @mvsum: Inferred sum of the last @len_window values.
1792 * @nomvsum: Non-moving sum of the last discrete @len_window window values.
1793 * @len_window: The number of last values to take care of.
1794 * @new_value: New value that will be added to the pseudo moving sum.
1796 * Moving sum (moving average * window size) is good for handling noise, but
1797 * the cost of keeping past values can be high for arbitrary window size. This
1798 * function implements a lightweight pseudo moving sum function that doesn't
1799 * keep the past window values.
1801 * It simply assumes there was no noise in the past, and get the no-noise
1802 * assumed past value to drop from @nomvsum and @len_window. @nomvsum is a
1803 * non-moving sum of the last window. For example, if @len_window is 10 and we
1804 * have 25 values, @nomvsum is the sum of the 11th to 20th values of the 25
1805 * values. Hence, this function simply drops @nomvsum / @len_window from
1806 * given @mvsum and add @new_value.
1808 * For example, if @len_window is 10 and @nomvsum is 50, the last 10 values for
1809 * the last window could be vary, e.g., 0, 10, 0, 10, 0, 10, 0, 0, 0, 20. For
1810 * calculating next moving sum with a new value, we should drop 0 from 50 and
1811 * add the new value. However, this function assumes it got value 5 for each
1812 * of the last ten times. Based on the assumption, when the next value is
1813 * measured, it drops the assumed past value, 5 from the current sum, and add
1814 * the new value to get the updated pseduo-moving average.
1816 * This means the value could have errors, but the errors will be disappeared
1817 * for every @len_window aligned calls. For example, if @len_window is 10, the
1818 * pseudo moving sum with 11th value to 19th value would have an error. But
1819 * the sum with 20th value will not have the error.
1821 * Return: Pseudo-moving average after getting the @new_value.
1823 static unsigned int damon_moving_sum(unsigned int mvsum, unsigned int nomvsum,
1824 unsigned int len_window, unsigned int new_value)
1826 return mvsum - nomvsum / len_window + new_value;
1830 * damon_update_region_access_rate() - Update the access rate of a region.
1831 * @r: The DAMON region to update for its access check result.
1832 * @accessed: Whether the region has accessed during last sampling interval.
1833 * @attrs: The damon_attrs of the DAMON context.
1835 * Update the access rate of a region with the region's last sampling interval
1836 * access check result.
1838 * Usually this will be called by &damon_operations->check_accesses callback.
1840 void damon_update_region_access_rate(struct damon_region *r, bool accessed,
1841 struct damon_attrs *attrs)
1843 unsigned int len_window = 1;
1846 * sample_interval can be zero, but cannot be larger than
1847 * aggr_interval, owing to validation of damon_set_attrs().
1849 if (attrs->sample_interval)
1850 len_window = damon_max_nr_accesses(attrs);
1851 r->nr_accesses_bp = damon_moving_sum(r->nr_accesses_bp,
1852 r->last_nr_accesses * 10000, len_window,
1853 accessed ? 10000 : 0);
1859 static int __init damon_init(void)
1861 damon_region_cache = KMEM_CACHE(damon_region, 0);
1862 if (unlikely(!damon_region_cache)) {
1863 pr_err("creating damon_region_cache fails\n");
1870 subsys_initcall(damon_init);
1872 #include "core-test.h"