2 * Contiguous Memory Allocator
4 * Copyright (c) 2010-2011 by Samsung Electronics.
5 * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2013
6 * Copyright LG Electronics Inc., 2014
13 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
15 * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
16 * License or (at your optional) any later version of the license.
19 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "cma: " fmt
21 #ifdef CONFIG_CMA_DEBUG
27 #include <linux/memblock.h>
28 #include <linux/err.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/sizes.h>
32 #include <linux/slab.h>
33 #include <linux/log2.h>
34 #include <linux/cma.h>
35 #include <linux/highmem.h>
40 struct cma cma_areas[MAX_CMA_AREAS];
41 unsigned cma_area_count;
42 static DEFINE_MUTEX(cma_mutex);
44 phys_addr_t cma_get_base(struct cma *cma)
46 return PFN_PHYS(cma->base_pfn);
49 unsigned long cma_get_size(struct cma *cma)
51 return cma->count << PAGE_SHIFT;
54 static unsigned long cma_bitmap_aligned_mask(struct cma *cma, int align_order)
56 if (align_order <= cma->order_per_bit)
58 return (1UL << (align_order - cma->order_per_bit)) - 1;
62 * Find a PFN aligned to the specified order and return an offset represented in
65 static unsigned long cma_bitmap_aligned_offset(struct cma *cma, int align_order)
67 if (align_order <= cma->order_per_bit)
70 return (ALIGN(cma->base_pfn, (1UL << align_order))
71 - cma->base_pfn) >> cma->order_per_bit;
74 static unsigned long cma_bitmap_pages_to_bits(struct cma *cma,
77 return ALIGN(pages, 1UL << cma->order_per_bit) >> cma->order_per_bit;
80 static void cma_clear_bitmap(struct cma *cma, unsigned long pfn, int count)
82 unsigned long bitmap_no, bitmap_count;
84 bitmap_no = (pfn - cma->base_pfn) >> cma->order_per_bit;
85 bitmap_count = cma_bitmap_pages_to_bits(cma, count);
87 mutex_lock(&cma->lock);
88 bitmap_clear(cma->bitmap, bitmap_no, bitmap_count);
89 mutex_unlock(&cma->lock);
92 static int __init cma_activate_area(struct cma *cma)
94 int bitmap_size = BITS_TO_LONGS(cma_bitmap_maxno(cma)) * sizeof(long);
95 unsigned long base_pfn = cma->base_pfn, pfn = base_pfn;
96 unsigned i = cma->count >> pageblock_order;
99 cma->bitmap = kzalloc(bitmap_size, GFP_KERNEL);
104 WARN_ON_ONCE(!pfn_valid(pfn));
105 zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(pfn));
111 for (j = pageblock_nr_pages; j; --j, pfn++) {
112 WARN_ON_ONCE(!pfn_valid(pfn));
114 * alloc_contig_range requires the pfn range
115 * specified to be in the same zone. Make this
116 * simple by forcing the entire CMA resv range
117 * to be in the same zone.
119 if (page_zone(pfn_to_page(pfn)) != zone)
122 init_cma_reserved_pageblock(pfn_to_page(base_pfn));
125 mutex_init(&cma->lock);
127 #ifdef CONFIG_CMA_DEBUGFS
128 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&cma->mem_head);
129 spin_lock_init(&cma->mem_head_lock);
140 static int __init cma_init_reserved_areas(void)
144 for (i = 0; i < cma_area_count; i++) {
145 int ret = cma_activate_area(&cma_areas[i]);
153 core_initcall(cma_init_reserved_areas);
156 * cma_init_reserved_mem() - create custom contiguous area from reserved memory
157 * @base: Base address of the reserved area
158 * @size: Size of the reserved area (in bytes),
159 * @order_per_bit: Order of pages represented by one bit on bitmap.
160 * @res_cma: Pointer to store the created cma region.
162 * This function creates custom contiguous area from already reserved memory.
164 int __init cma_init_reserved_mem(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size,
165 int order_per_bit, struct cma **res_cma)
168 phys_addr_t alignment;
171 if (cma_area_count == ARRAY_SIZE(cma_areas)) {
172 pr_err("Not enough slots for CMA reserved regions!\n");
176 if (!size || !memblock_is_region_reserved(base, size))
179 /* ensure minimal alignment requied by mm core */
180 alignment = PAGE_SIZE << max(MAX_ORDER - 1, pageblock_order);
182 /* alignment should be aligned with order_per_bit */
183 if (!IS_ALIGNED(alignment >> PAGE_SHIFT, 1 << order_per_bit))
186 if (ALIGN(base, alignment) != base || ALIGN(size, alignment) != size)
190 * Each reserved area must be initialised later, when more kernel
191 * subsystems (like slab allocator) are available.
193 cma = &cma_areas[cma_area_count];
194 cma->base_pfn = PFN_DOWN(base);
195 cma->count = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
196 cma->order_per_bit = order_per_bit;
199 totalcma_pages += (size / PAGE_SIZE);
205 * cma_declare_contiguous() - reserve custom contiguous area
206 * @base: Base address of the reserved area optional, use 0 for any
207 * @size: Size of the reserved area (in bytes),
208 * @limit: End address of the reserved memory (optional, 0 for any).
209 * @alignment: Alignment for the CMA area, should be power of 2 or zero
210 * @order_per_bit: Order of pages represented by one bit on bitmap.
211 * @fixed: hint about where to place the reserved area
212 * @res_cma: Pointer to store the created cma region.
214 * This function reserves memory from early allocator. It should be
215 * called by arch specific code once the early allocator (memblock or bootmem)
216 * has been activated and all other subsystems have already allocated/reserved
217 * memory. This function allows to create custom reserved areas.
219 * If @fixed is true, reserve contiguous area at exactly @base. If false,
220 * reserve in range from @base to @limit.
222 int __init cma_declare_contiguous(phys_addr_t base,
223 phys_addr_t size, phys_addr_t limit,
224 phys_addr_t alignment, unsigned int order_per_bit,
225 bool fixed, struct cma **res_cma)
227 phys_addr_t memblock_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
228 phys_addr_t highmem_start;
233 * high_memory isn't direct mapped memory so retrieving its physical
234 * address isn't appropriate. But it would be useful to check the
235 * physical address of the highmem boundary so it's justfiable to get
236 * the physical address from it. On x86 there is a validation check for
237 * this case, so the following workaround is needed to avoid it.
239 highmem_start = __pa_nodebug(high_memory);
241 highmem_start = __pa(high_memory);
243 pr_debug("%s(size %pa, base %pa, limit %pa alignment %pa)\n",
244 __func__, &size, &base, &limit, &alignment);
246 if (cma_area_count == ARRAY_SIZE(cma_areas)) {
247 pr_err("Not enough slots for CMA reserved regions!\n");
254 if (alignment && !is_power_of_2(alignment))
258 * Sanitise input arguments.
259 * Pages both ends in CMA area could be merged into adjacent unmovable
260 * migratetype page by page allocator's buddy algorithm. In the case,
261 * you couldn't get a contiguous memory, which is not what we want.
263 alignment = max(alignment,
264 (phys_addr_t)PAGE_SIZE << max(MAX_ORDER - 1, pageblock_order));
265 base = ALIGN(base, alignment);
266 size = ALIGN(size, alignment);
267 limit &= ~(alignment - 1);
272 /* size should be aligned with order_per_bit */
273 if (!IS_ALIGNED(size >> PAGE_SHIFT, 1 << order_per_bit))
277 * If allocating at a fixed base the request region must not cross the
278 * low/high memory boundary.
280 if (fixed && base < highmem_start && base + size > highmem_start) {
282 pr_err("Region at %pa defined on low/high memory boundary (%pa)\n",
283 &base, &highmem_start);
288 * If the limit is unspecified or above the memblock end, its effective
289 * value will be the memblock end. Set it explicitly to simplify further
292 if (limit == 0 || limit > memblock_end)
293 limit = memblock_end;
297 if (memblock_is_region_reserved(base, size) ||
298 memblock_reserve(base, size) < 0) {
303 phys_addr_t addr = 0;
306 * All pages in the reserved area must come from the same zone.
307 * If the requested region crosses the low/high memory boundary,
308 * try allocating from high memory first and fall back to low
309 * memory in case of failure.
311 if (base < highmem_start && limit > highmem_start) {
312 addr = memblock_alloc_range(size, alignment,
313 highmem_start, limit);
314 limit = highmem_start;
318 addr = memblock_alloc_range(size, alignment, base,
327 * kmemleak scans/reads tracked objects for pointers to other
328 * objects but this address isn't mapped and accessible
330 kmemleak_ignore(phys_to_virt(addr));
334 ret = cma_init_reserved_mem(base, size, order_per_bit, res_cma);
338 pr_info("Reserved %ld MiB at %pa\n", (unsigned long)size / SZ_1M,
343 pr_err("Failed to reserve %ld MiB\n", (unsigned long)size / SZ_1M);
348 * cma_alloc() - allocate pages from contiguous area
349 * @cma: Contiguous memory region for which the allocation is performed.
350 * @count: Requested number of pages.
351 * @align: Requested alignment of pages (in PAGE_SIZE order).
353 * This function allocates part of contiguous memory on specific
354 * contiguous memory area.
356 struct page *cma_alloc(struct cma *cma, int count, unsigned int align)
358 unsigned long mask, offset, pfn, start = 0;
359 unsigned long bitmap_maxno, bitmap_no, bitmap_count;
360 struct page *page = NULL;
363 if (!cma || !cma->count)
366 pr_debug("%s(cma %p, count %d, align %d)\n", __func__, (void *)cma,
372 mask = cma_bitmap_aligned_mask(cma, align);
373 offset = cma_bitmap_aligned_offset(cma, align);
374 bitmap_maxno = cma_bitmap_maxno(cma);
375 bitmap_count = cma_bitmap_pages_to_bits(cma, count);
378 mutex_lock(&cma->lock);
379 bitmap_no = bitmap_find_next_zero_area_off(cma->bitmap,
380 bitmap_maxno, start, bitmap_count, mask,
382 if (bitmap_no >= bitmap_maxno) {
383 mutex_unlock(&cma->lock);
386 bitmap_set(cma->bitmap, bitmap_no, bitmap_count);
388 * It's safe to drop the lock here. We've marked this region for
389 * our exclusive use. If the migration fails we will take the
390 * lock again and unmark it.
392 mutex_unlock(&cma->lock);
394 pfn = cma->base_pfn + (bitmap_no << cma->order_per_bit);
395 mutex_lock(&cma_mutex);
396 ret = alloc_contig_range(pfn, pfn + count, MIGRATE_CMA);
397 mutex_unlock(&cma_mutex);
399 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
403 cma_clear_bitmap(cma, pfn, count);
407 pr_debug("%s(): memory range at %p is busy, retrying\n",
408 __func__, pfn_to_page(pfn));
409 /* try again with a bit different memory target */
410 start = bitmap_no + mask + 1;
413 pr_debug("%s(): returned %p\n", __func__, page);
418 * cma_release() - release allocated pages
419 * @cma: Contiguous memory region for which the allocation is performed.
420 * @pages: Allocated pages.
421 * @count: Number of allocated pages.
423 * This function releases memory allocated by alloc_cma().
424 * It returns false when provided pages do not belong to contiguous area and
427 bool cma_release(struct cma *cma, struct page *pages, int count)
434 pr_debug("%s(page %p)\n", __func__, (void *)pages);
436 pfn = page_to_pfn(pages);
438 if (pfn < cma->base_pfn || pfn >= cma->base_pfn + cma->count)
441 VM_BUG_ON(pfn + count > cma->base_pfn + cma->count);
443 free_contig_range(pfn, count);
444 cma_clear_bitmap(cma, pfn, count);