7 * Copyright (C) 1996 Paul Mackerras
10 * Derived from "arch/i386/mm/init.c"
11 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
13 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
15 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
16 * 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
20 #include <linux/export.h>
21 #include <linux/sched.h>
22 #include <linux/kernel.h>
23 #include <linux/errno.h>
24 #include <linux/string.h>
25 #include <linux/gfp.h>
26 #include <linux/types.h>
28 #include <linux/stddef.h>
29 #include <linux/init.h>
30 #include <linux/bootmem.h>
31 #include <linux/highmem.h>
32 #include <linux/initrd.h>
33 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
34 #include <linux/suspend.h>
35 #include <linux/memblock.h>
36 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
37 #include <linux/slab.h>
38 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
40 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
43 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
44 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
47 #include <asm/machdep.h>
48 #include <asm/btext.h>
50 #include <asm/sections.h>
51 #include <asm/sparsemem.h>
53 #include <asm/fixmap.h>
54 #include <asm/swiotlb.h>
59 #ifndef CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE
60 #define CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE 0 /* XXX for now */
61 #define CPU_FTR_NOEXECUTE 0
65 unsigned long long memory_limit;
69 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_pte);
71 EXPORT_SYMBOL(kmap_prot);
73 static inline pte_t *virt_to_kpte(unsigned long vaddr)
75 return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(pgd_offset_k(vaddr),
76 vaddr), vaddr), vaddr);
80 int page_is_ram(unsigned long pfn)
82 #ifndef CONFIG_PPC64 /* XXX for now */
85 unsigned long paddr = (pfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
86 struct memblock_region *reg;
88 for_each_memblock(memory, reg)
89 if (paddr >= reg->base && paddr < (reg->base + reg->size))
95 pgprot_t phys_mem_access_prot(struct file *file, unsigned long pfn,
96 unsigned long size, pgprot_t vma_prot)
98 if (ppc_md.phys_mem_access_prot)
99 return ppc_md.phys_mem_access_prot(file, pfn, size, vma_prot);
101 if (!page_is_ram(pfn))
102 vma_prot = pgprot_noncached(vma_prot);
106 EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_mem_access_prot);
108 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
111 int memory_add_physaddr_to_nid(u64 start)
113 return hot_add_scn_to_nid(start);
117 int arch_add_memory(int nid, u64 start, u64 size)
119 struct pglist_data *pgdata;
121 unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
122 unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
124 pgdata = NODE_DATA(nid);
126 start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
127 if (create_section_mapping(start, start + size))
130 /* this should work for most non-highmem platforms */
131 zone = pgdata->node_zones +
132 zone_for_memory(nid, start, size, 0);
134 return __add_pages(nid, zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
137 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE
138 int arch_remove_memory(u64 start, u64 size)
140 unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
141 unsigned long nr_pages = size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
145 zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(start_pfn));
146 ret = __remove_pages(zone, start_pfn, nr_pages);
150 /* Remove htab bolted mappings for this section of memory */
151 start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
152 ret = remove_section_mapping(start, start + size);
154 /* Ensure all vmalloc mappings are flushed in case they also
155 * hit that section of memory
162 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG */
165 * walk_memory_resource() needs to make sure there is no holes in a given
166 * memory range. PPC64 does not maintain the memory layout in /proc/iomem.
167 * Instead it maintains it in memblock.memory structures. Walk through the
168 * memory regions, find holes and callback for contiguous regions.
171 walk_system_ram_range(unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long nr_pages,
172 void *arg, int (*func)(unsigned long, unsigned long, void *))
174 struct memblock_region *reg;
175 unsigned long end_pfn = start_pfn + nr_pages;
176 unsigned long tstart, tend;
179 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
180 tstart = max(start_pfn, memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg));
181 tend = min(end_pfn, memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(reg));
184 ret = (*func)(tstart, tend - tstart, arg);
190 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(walk_system_ram_range);
192 #ifndef CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES
193 void __init initmem_init(void)
195 max_low_pfn = max_pfn = memblock_end_of_DRAM() >> PAGE_SHIFT;
196 min_low_pfn = MEMORY_START >> PAGE_SHIFT;
197 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
198 max_low_pfn = lowmem_end_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
201 /* Place all memblock_regions in the same node and merge contiguous
204 memblock_set_node(0, (phys_addr_t)ULLONG_MAX, &memblock.memory, 0);
206 /* XXX need to clip this if using highmem? */
207 sparse_memory_present_with_active_regions(0);
211 /* mark pages that don't exist as nosave */
212 static int __init mark_nonram_nosave(void)
214 struct memblock_region *reg, *prev = NULL;
216 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
218 memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(prev) < memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg))
219 register_nosave_region(memblock_region_memory_end_pfn(prev),
220 memblock_region_memory_base_pfn(reg));
225 #else /* CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES */
226 static int __init mark_nonram_nosave(void)
232 static bool zone_limits_final;
234 static unsigned long max_zone_pfns[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {
235 [0 ... MAX_NR_ZONES - 1] = ~0UL
239 * Restrict the specified zone and all more restrictive zones
240 * to be below the specified pfn. May not be called after
243 void __init limit_zone_pfn(enum zone_type zone, unsigned long pfn_limit)
247 if (WARN_ON(zone_limits_final))
250 for (i = zone; i >= 0; i--) {
251 if (max_zone_pfns[i] > pfn_limit)
252 max_zone_pfns[i] = pfn_limit;
257 * Find the least restrictive zone that is entirely below the
258 * specified pfn limit. Returns < 0 if no suitable zone is found.
260 * pfn_limit must be u64 because it can exceed 32 bits even on 32-bit
261 * systems -- the DMA limit can be higher than any possible real pfn.
263 int dma_pfn_limit_to_zone(u64 pfn_limit)
265 enum zone_type top_zone = ZONE_NORMAL;
268 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
269 top_zone = ZONE_HIGHMEM;
272 for (i = top_zone; i >= 0; i--) {
273 if (max_zone_pfns[i] <= pfn_limit)
281 * paging_init() sets up the page tables - in fact we've already done this.
283 void __init paging_init(void)
285 unsigned long long total_ram = memblock_phys_mem_size();
286 phys_addr_t top_of_ram = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
287 enum zone_type top_zone;
290 unsigned long v = __fix_to_virt(__end_of_fixed_addresses - 1);
291 unsigned long end = __fix_to_virt(FIX_HOLE);
293 for (; v < end; v += PAGE_SIZE)
294 map_page(v, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
297 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
298 map_page(PKMAP_BASE, 0, 0); /* XXX gross */
299 pkmap_page_table = virt_to_kpte(PKMAP_BASE);
301 kmap_pte = virt_to_kpte(__fix_to_virt(FIX_KMAP_BEGIN));
302 kmap_prot = PAGE_KERNEL;
303 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
305 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Top of RAM: 0x%llx, Total RAM: 0x%llx\n",
306 (unsigned long long)top_of_ram, total_ram);
307 printk(KERN_DEBUG "Memory hole size: %ldMB\n",
308 (long int)((top_of_ram - total_ram) >> 20));
310 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
311 top_zone = ZONE_HIGHMEM;
312 limit_zone_pfn(ZONE_NORMAL, lowmem_end_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
314 top_zone = ZONE_NORMAL;
317 limit_zone_pfn(top_zone, top_of_ram >> PAGE_SHIFT);
318 zone_limits_final = true;
319 free_area_init_nodes(max_zone_pfns);
321 mark_nonram_nosave();
324 void __init mem_init(void)
327 * book3s is limited to 16 page sizes due to encoding this in
328 * a 4-bit field for slices.
330 BUILD_BUG_ON(MMU_PAGE_COUNT > 16);
332 #ifdef CONFIG_SWIOTLB
336 high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
337 set_max_mapnr(max_pfn);
340 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
342 unsigned long pfn, highmem_mapnr;
344 highmem_mapnr = lowmem_end_addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
345 for (pfn = highmem_mapnr; pfn < max_mapnr; ++pfn) {
346 phys_addr_t paddr = (phys_addr_t)pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
347 struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
348 if (!memblock_is_reserved(paddr))
349 free_highmem_page(page);
352 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
354 #if defined(CONFIG_PPC_FSL_BOOK3E) && !defined(CONFIG_SMP)
356 * If smp is enabled, next_tlbcam_idx is initialized in the cpu up
357 * functions.... do it here for the non-smp case.
359 per_cpu(next_tlbcam_idx, smp_processor_id()) =
360 (mfspr(SPRN_TLB1CFG) & TLBnCFG_N_ENTRY) - 1;
363 mem_init_print_info(NULL);
365 pr_info("Kernel virtual memory layout:\n");
366 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : fixmap\n", FIXADDR_START, FIXADDR_TOP);
367 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
368 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : highmem PTEs\n",
369 PKMAP_BASE, PKMAP_ADDR(LAST_PKMAP));
370 #endif /* CONFIG_HIGHMEM */
371 #ifdef CONFIG_NOT_COHERENT_CACHE
372 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : consistent mem\n",
373 IOREMAP_TOP, IOREMAP_TOP + CONFIG_CONSISTENT_SIZE);
374 #endif /* CONFIG_NOT_COHERENT_CACHE */
375 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : early ioremap\n",
376 ioremap_bot, IOREMAP_TOP);
377 pr_info(" * 0x%08lx..0x%08lx : vmalloc & ioremap\n",
378 VMALLOC_START, VMALLOC_END);
379 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC32 */
384 void free_initmem(void)
386 ppc_md.progress = ppc_printk_progress;
387 free_initmem_default(POISON_FREE_INITMEM);
390 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
391 void __init free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
393 free_reserved_area((void *)start, (void *)end, -1, "initrd");
398 * This is called when a page has been modified by the kernel.
399 * It just marks the page as not i-cache clean. We do the i-cache
400 * flush later when the page is given to a user process, if necessary.
402 void flush_dcache_page(struct page *page)
404 if (cpu_has_feature(CPU_FTR_COHERENT_ICACHE))
406 /* avoid an atomic op if possible */
407 if (test_bit(PG_arch_1, &page->flags))
408 clear_bit(PG_arch_1, &page->flags);
410 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_page);
412 void flush_dcache_icache_page(struct page *page)
414 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
415 if (PageCompound(page)) {
416 flush_dcache_icache_hugepage(page);
422 void *start = kmap_atomic(page);
423 __flush_dcache_icache(start);
424 kunmap_atomic(start);
426 #elif defined(CONFIG_8xx) || defined(CONFIG_PPC64)
427 /* On 8xx there is no need to kmap since highmem is not supported */
428 __flush_dcache_icache(page_address(page));
430 __flush_dcache_icache_phys(page_to_pfn(page) << PAGE_SHIFT);
433 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_dcache_icache_page);
435 void clear_user_page(void *page, unsigned long vaddr, struct page *pg)
440 * We shouldn't have to do this, but some versions of glibc
441 * require it (ld.so assumes zero filled pages are icache clean)
444 flush_dcache_page(pg);
446 EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_user_page);
448 void copy_user_page(void *vto, void *vfrom, unsigned long vaddr,
451 copy_page(vto, vfrom);
454 * We should be able to use the following optimisation, however
455 * there are two problems.
456 * Firstly a bug in some versions of binutils meant PLT sections
457 * were not marked executable.
458 * Secondly the first word in the GOT section is blrl, used
459 * to establish the GOT address. Until recently the GOT was
460 * not marked executable.
464 if (!vma->vm_file && ((vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC) == 0))
468 flush_dcache_page(pg);
471 void flush_icache_user_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page *page,
472 unsigned long addr, int len)
476 maddr = (unsigned long) kmap(page) + (addr & ~PAGE_MASK);
477 flush_icache_range(maddr, maddr + len);
480 EXPORT_SYMBOL(flush_icache_user_range);
483 * This is called at the end of handling a user page fault, when the
484 * fault has been handled by updating a PTE in the linux page tables.
485 * We use it to preload an HPTE into the hash table corresponding to
486 * the updated linux PTE.
488 * This must always be called with the pte lock held.
490 void update_mmu_cache(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
493 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU
495 * We don't need to worry about _PAGE_PRESENT here because we are
496 * called with either mm->page_table_lock held or ptl lock held
498 unsigned long access = 0, trap;
500 /* We only want HPTEs for linux PTEs that have _PAGE_ACCESSED set */
501 if (!pte_young(*ptep) || address >= TASK_SIZE)
504 /* We try to figure out if we are coming from an instruction
505 * access fault and pass that down to __hash_page so we avoid
506 * double-faulting on execution of fresh text. We have to test
507 * for regs NULL since init will get here first thing at boot
509 * We also avoid filling the hash if not coming from a fault
511 if (current->thread.regs == NULL)
513 trap = TRAP(current->thread.regs);
515 access |= _PAGE_EXEC;
516 else if (trap != 0x300)
518 hash_preload(vma->vm_mm, address, access, trap);
519 #endif /* CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU */
520 #if (defined(CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3E_64) || defined(CONFIG_PPC_FSL_BOOK3E)) \
521 && defined(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE)
522 if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
523 book3e_hugetlb_preload(vma, address, *ptep);
528 * System memory should not be in /proc/iomem but various tools expect it
531 static int __init add_system_ram_resources(void)
533 struct memblock_region *reg;
535 for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
536 struct resource *res;
537 unsigned long base = reg->base;
538 unsigned long size = reg->size;
540 res = kzalloc(sizeof(struct resource), GFP_KERNEL);
544 res->name = "System RAM";
546 res->end = base + size - 1;
547 res->flags = IORESOURCE_MEM | IORESOURCE_BUSY;
548 WARN_ON(request_resource(&iomem_resource, res) < 0);
554 subsys_initcall(add_system_ram_resources);
556 #ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM
558 * devmem_is_allowed(): check to see if /dev/mem access to a certain address
559 * is valid. The argument is a physical page number.
561 * Access has to be given to non-kernel-ram areas as well, these contain the
562 * PCI mmio resources as well as potential bios/acpi data regions.
564 int devmem_is_allowed(unsigned long pfn)
566 if (iomem_is_exclusive(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT))
568 if (!page_is_ram(pfn))
570 if (page_is_rtas_user_buf(pfn))
574 #endif /* CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM */