2 * chaoskey - driver for ChaosKey device from Altus Metrum.
4 * This device provides true random numbers using a noise source based
5 * on a reverse-biased p-n junction in avalanche breakdown. More
6 * details can be found at http://chaoskey.org
8 * The driver connects to the kernel hardware RNG interface to provide
9 * entropy for /dev/random and other kernel activities. It also offers
10 * a separate /dev/ entry to allow for direct access to the random
15 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
16 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
17 * the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
19 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
20 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
21 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
22 * General Public License for more details.
25 #include <linux/module.h>
26 #include <linux/slab.h>
27 #include <linux/usb.h>
28 #include <linux/wait.h>
29 #include <linux/hw_random.h>
30 #include <linux/mutex.h>
31 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 static struct usb_driver chaoskey_driver;
34 static struct usb_class_driver chaoskey_class;
35 static int chaoskey_rng_read(struct hwrng *rng, void *data,
36 size_t max, bool wait);
38 #define usb_dbg(usb_if, format, arg...) \
39 dev_dbg(&(usb_if)->dev, format, ## arg)
41 #define usb_err(usb_if, format, arg...) \
42 dev_err(&(usb_if)->dev, format, ## arg)
44 /* Version Information */
45 #define DRIVER_VERSION "v0.1"
47 #define DRIVER_DESC "Altus Metrum ChaosKey driver"
48 #define DRIVER_SHORT "chaoskey"
50 MODULE_VERSION(DRIVER_VERSION);
51 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
52 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
53 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
55 #define CHAOSKEY_VENDOR_ID 0x1d50 /* OpenMoko */
56 #define CHAOSKEY_PRODUCT_ID 0x60c6 /* ChaosKey */
58 #define ALEA_VENDOR_ID 0x12d8 /* Araneus */
59 #define ALEA_PRODUCT_ID 0x0001 /* Alea I */
61 #define CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN 64 /* max size of USB full speed packet */
63 #define NAK_TIMEOUT (HZ) /* normal stall/wait timeout */
64 #define ALEA_FIRST_TIMEOUT (HZ*3) /* first stall/wait timeout for Alea */
66 #ifdef CONFIG_USB_DYNAMIC_MINORS
67 #define USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE 0
70 /* IOWARRIOR_MINOR_BASE + 16, not official yet */
71 #define USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE 224
74 static const struct usb_device_id chaoskey_table[] = {
75 { USB_DEVICE(CHAOSKEY_VENDOR_ID, CHAOSKEY_PRODUCT_ID) },
76 { USB_DEVICE(ALEA_VENDOR_ID, ALEA_PRODUCT_ID) },
79 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, chaoskey_table);
81 static void chaos_read_callback(struct urb *urb);
83 /* Driver-local specific stuff */
85 struct usb_interface *interface;
88 struct mutex rng_lock;
89 int open; /* open count */
90 bool present; /* device not disconnected */
91 bool reading; /* ongoing IO */
92 bool reads_started; /* track first read for Alea */
93 int size; /* size of buf */
94 int valid; /* bytes of buf read */
95 int used; /* bytes of buf consumed */
96 char *name; /* product + serial */
97 struct hwrng hwrng; /* Embedded struct for hwrng */
98 int hwrng_registered; /* registered with hwrng API */
99 wait_queue_head_t wait_q; /* for timeouts */
100 struct urb *urb; /* for performing IO */
104 static void chaoskey_free(struct chaoskey *dev)
107 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "free");
108 usb_free_urb(dev->urb);
115 static int chaoskey_probe(struct usb_interface *interface,
116 const struct usb_device_id *id)
118 struct usb_device *udev = interface_to_usbdev(interface);
119 struct usb_host_interface *altsetting = interface->cur_altsetting;
120 struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
122 struct chaoskey *dev;
123 int result = -ENOMEM;
127 usb_dbg(interface, "probe %s-%s", udev->product, udev->serial);
129 /* Find the first bulk IN endpoint and its packet size */
130 res = usb_find_bulk_in_endpoint(altsetting, &epd);
132 usb_dbg(interface, "no IN endpoint found");
136 in_ep = usb_endpoint_num(epd);
137 size = usb_endpoint_maxp(epd);
139 /* Validate endpoint and size */
141 usb_dbg(interface, "invalid size (%d)", size);
145 if (size > CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN) {
146 usb_dbg(interface, "size reduced from %d to %d\n",
147 size, CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN);
148 size = CHAOSKEY_BUF_LEN;
151 /* Looks good, allocate and initialize */
153 dev = kzalloc(sizeof(struct chaoskey), GFP_KERNEL);
158 dev->buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
160 if (dev->buf == NULL)
163 dev->urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL);
168 usb_fill_bulk_urb(dev->urb,
170 usb_rcvbulkpipe(udev, in_ep),
176 /* Construct a name using the product and serial values. Each
177 * device needs a unique name for the hwrng code
180 if (udev->product && udev->serial) {
181 dev->name = kmalloc(strlen(udev->product) + 1 +
182 strlen(udev->serial) + 1, GFP_KERNEL);
183 if (dev->name == NULL)
186 strcpy(dev->name, udev->product);
187 strcat(dev->name, "-");
188 strcat(dev->name, udev->serial);
191 dev->interface = interface;
195 if (udev->descriptor.idVendor != ALEA_VENDOR_ID)
196 dev->reads_started = 1;
201 init_waitqueue_head(&dev->wait_q);
203 mutex_init(&dev->lock);
204 mutex_init(&dev->rng_lock);
206 usb_set_intfdata(interface, dev);
208 result = usb_register_dev(interface, &chaoskey_class);
210 usb_err(interface, "Unable to allocate minor number.");
214 dev->hwrng.name = dev->name ? dev->name : chaoskey_driver.name;
215 dev->hwrng.read = chaoskey_rng_read;
216 dev->hwrng.quality = 1024;
218 dev->hwrng_registered = (hwrng_register(&dev->hwrng) == 0);
219 if (!dev->hwrng_registered)
220 usb_err(interface, "Unable to register with hwrng");
222 usb_enable_autosuspend(udev);
224 usb_dbg(interface, "chaoskey probe success, size %d", dev->size);
228 usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
233 static void chaoskey_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface)
235 struct chaoskey *dev;
237 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect");
238 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
240 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect failed - no dev");
244 if (dev->hwrng_registered)
245 hwrng_unregister(&dev->hwrng);
247 usb_deregister_dev(interface, &chaoskey_class);
249 usb_set_intfdata(interface, NULL);
250 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
253 usb_poison_urb(dev->urb);
256 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
259 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
261 usb_dbg(interface, "disconnect done");
264 static int chaoskey_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
266 struct chaoskey *dev;
267 struct usb_interface *interface;
269 /* get the interface from minor number and driver information */
270 interface = usb_find_interface(&chaoskey_driver, iminor(inode));
274 usb_dbg(interface, "open");
276 dev = usb_get_intfdata(interface);
278 usb_dbg(interface, "open (dev)");
282 file->private_data = dev;
283 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
285 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
287 usb_dbg(interface, "open success");
291 static int chaoskey_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
293 struct chaoskey *dev = file->private_data;
294 struct usb_interface *interface;
299 interface = dev->interface;
301 usb_dbg(interface, "release");
303 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
305 usb_dbg(interface, "open count at release is %d", dev->open);
307 if (dev->open <= 0) {
308 usb_dbg(interface, "invalid open count (%d)", dev->open);
309 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
316 if (dev->open == 0) {
317 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
320 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
322 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
324 usb_dbg(interface, "release success");
328 static void chaos_read_callback(struct urb *urb)
330 struct chaoskey *dev = urb->context;
331 int status = urb->status;
333 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "callback status (%d)", status);
336 dev->valid = urb->actual_length;
342 /* must be seen first before validity is announced */
345 dev->reading = false;
346 wake_up(&dev->wait_q);
349 /* Fill the buffer. Called with dev->lock held
351 static int _chaoskey_fill(struct chaoskey *dev)
357 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "fill");
359 /* Return immediately if someone called before the buffer was
361 if (dev->valid != dev->used) {
362 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "not empty yet (valid %d used %d)",
363 dev->valid, dev->used);
367 /* Bail if the device has been removed */
369 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "device not present");
373 /* Make sure the device is awake */
374 result = usb_autopm_get_interface(dev->interface);
376 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "wakeup failed (result %d)", result);
381 result = usb_submit_urb(dev->urb, GFP_KERNEL);
383 result = usb_translate_errors(result);
384 dev->reading = false;
388 /* The first read on the Alea takes a little under 2 seconds.
389 * Reads after the first read take only a few microseconds
390 * though. Presumably the entropy-generating circuit needs
391 * time to ramp up. So, we wait longer on the first read.
393 started = dev->reads_started;
394 dev->reads_started = true;
395 result = wait_event_interruptible_timeout(
398 (started ? NAK_TIMEOUT : ALEA_FIRST_TIMEOUT) );
408 /* Let the device go back to sleep eventually */
409 usb_autopm_put_interface(dev->interface);
411 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %d bytes", dev->valid);
416 static ssize_t chaoskey_read(struct file *file,
421 struct chaoskey *dev;
422 ssize_t read_count = 0;
425 unsigned long remain;
427 dev = file->private_data;
429 if (dev == NULL || !dev->present)
432 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %zu", count);
436 /* Grab the rng_lock briefly to ensure that the hwrng interface
437 * gets priority over other user access
439 result = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->rng_lock);
442 mutex_unlock(&dev->rng_lock);
444 result = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dev->lock);
447 if (dev->valid == dev->used) {
448 result = _chaoskey_fill(dev);
450 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
455 this_time = dev->valid - dev->used;
456 if (this_time > count)
459 remain = copy_to_user(buffer, dev->buf + dev->used, this_time);
463 /* Consume the bytes that were copied so we don't leak
466 dev->used += this_time - remain;
467 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
472 read_count += this_time;
474 dev->used += this_time;
475 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
479 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "read %zu bytes", read_count);
482 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "empty read, result %d", result);
483 if (result == -ETIMEDOUT)
488 static int chaoskey_rng_read(struct hwrng *rng, void *data,
489 size_t max, bool wait)
491 struct chaoskey *dev = container_of(rng, struct chaoskey, hwrng);
494 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "rng_read max %zu wait %d", max, wait);
497 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "device not present");
501 /* Hold the rng_lock until we acquire the device lock so that
502 * this operation gets priority over other user access to the
505 mutex_lock(&dev->rng_lock);
507 mutex_lock(&dev->lock);
509 mutex_unlock(&dev->rng_lock);
511 /* Try to fill the buffer if empty. It doesn't actually matter
512 * if _chaoskey_fill works; we'll just return zero bytes as
513 * the buffer will still be empty
515 if (dev->valid == dev->used)
516 (void) _chaoskey_fill(dev);
518 this_time = dev->valid - dev->used;
522 memcpy(data, dev->buf + dev->used, this_time);
524 dev->used += this_time;
526 mutex_unlock(&dev->lock);
528 usb_dbg(dev->interface, "rng_read this_time %d\n", this_time);
533 static int chaoskey_suspend(struct usb_interface *interface,
534 pm_message_t message)
536 usb_dbg(interface, "suspend");
540 static int chaoskey_resume(struct usb_interface *interface)
542 usb_dbg(interface, "resume");
546 #define chaoskey_suspend NULL
547 #define chaoskey_resume NULL
550 /* file operation pointers */
551 static const struct file_operations chaoskey_fops = {
552 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
553 .read = chaoskey_read,
554 .open = chaoskey_open,
555 .release = chaoskey_release,
556 .llseek = default_llseek,
559 /* class driver information */
560 static struct usb_class_driver chaoskey_class = {
561 .name = "chaoskey%d",
562 .fops = &chaoskey_fops,
563 .minor_base = USB_CHAOSKEY_MINOR_BASE,
566 /* usb specific object needed to register this driver with the usb subsystem */
567 static struct usb_driver chaoskey_driver = {
568 .name = DRIVER_SHORT,
569 .probe = chaoskey_probe,
570 .disconnect = chaoskey_disconnect,
571 .suspend = chaoskey_suspend,
572 .resume = chaoskey_resume,
573 .reset_resume = chaoskey_resume,
574 .id_table = chaoskey_table,
575 .supports_autosuspend = 1,
578 module_usb_driver(chaoskey_driver);