1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
6 * Simon Schulz (ark3116_driver <at> auctionant.de)
9 * - implements a driver for the arkmicro ark3116 chipset (vendor=0x6547,
10 * productid=0x0232) (used in a datacable called KQ-U8A)
12 * Supports full modem status lines, break, hardware flow control. Does not
13 * support software flow control, since I do not know how to enable it in hw.
15 * This driver is a essentially new implementation. I initially dug
16 * into the old ark3116.c driver and suddenly realized the ark3116 is
17 * a 16450 with a USB interface glued to it. See comments at the
18 * bottom of this file.
21 #include <linux/kernel.h>
22 #include <linux/ioctl.h>
23 #include <linux/tty.h>
24 #include <linux/slab.h>
25 #include <linux/tty_flip.h>
26 #include <linux/module.h>
27 #include <linux/usb.h>
28 #include <linux/usb/serial.h>
29 #include <linux/serial.h>
30 #include <linux/serial_reg.h>
31 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
32 #include <linux/mutex.h>
33 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
36 #define DRIVER_DESC "USB ARK3116 serial/IrDA driver"
37 #define DRIVER_DEV_DESC "ARK3116 RS232/IrDA"
38 #define DRIVER_NAME "ark3116"
40 /* usb timeout of 1 second */
41 #define ARK_TIMEOUT 1000
43 static const struct usb_device_id id_table[] = {
44 { USB_DEVICE(0x6547, 0x0232) },
45 { USB_DEVICE(0x18ec, 0x3118) }, /* USB to IrDA adapter */
48 MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(usb, id_table);
50 static int is_irda(struct usb_serial *serial)
52 struct usb_device *dev = serial->dev;
53 if (le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor) == 0x18ec &&
54 le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct) == 0x3118)
59 struct ark3116_private {
60 int irda; /* 1 for irda device */
62 /* protects hw register updates */
65 int quot; /* baudrate divisor */
66 __u32 lcr; /* line control register value */
67 __u32 hcr; /* handshake control register (0x8)
69 __u32 mcr; /* modem control register value */
71 /* protects the status values below */
72 spinlock_t status_lock;
73 __u32 msr; /* modem status register value */
74 __u32 lsr; /* line status register value */
77 static int ark3116_write_reg(struct usb_serial *serial,
78 unsigned reg, __u8 val)
81 /* 0xfe 0x40 are magic values taken from original driver */
82 result = usb_control_msg(serial->dev,
83 usb_sndctrlpipe(serial->dev, 0),
85 NULL, 0, ARK_TIMEOUT);
89 static int ark3116_read_reg(struct usb_serial *serial,
90 unsigned reg, unsigned char *buf)
93 /* 0xfe 0xc0 are magic values taken from original driver */
94 result = usb_control_msg(serial->dev,
95 usb_rcvctrlpipe(serial->dev, 0),
99 dev_err(&serial->interface->dev,
100 "failed to read register %u: %d\n",
111 static inline int calc_divisor(int bps)
113 /* Original ark3116 made some exceptions in rounding here
114 * because windows did the same. Assume that is not really
116 * Crystal is 12MHz, probably because of USB, but we divide by 4?
118 return (12000000 + 2*bps) / (4*bps);
121 static int ark3116_port_probe(struct usb_serial_port *port)
123 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
124 struct ark3116_private *priv;
126 priv = kzalloc(sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
130 mutex_init(&priv->hw_lock);
131 spin_lock_init(&priv->status_lock);
133 priv->irda = is_irda(serial);
135 usb_set_serial_port_data(port, priv);
137 /* setup the hardware */
138 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_IER, 0);
140 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
141 /* handshake control */
143 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x8 , 0);
146 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_MCR, 0);
149 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xb , 0);
151 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xb , 1);
152 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xc , 0);
153 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xd , 0x41);
154 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xa , 1);
158 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, UART_LCR_DLAB);
160 /* setup for 9600 8N1 */
161 priv->quot = calc_divisor(9600);
162 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLL, priv->quot & 0xff);
163 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLM, (priv->quot>>8) & 0xff);
165 priv->lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN8;
166 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, UART_LCR_WLEN8);
168 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xe, 0);
171 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x9, 0);
173 dev_info(&port->dev, "using %s mode\n", priv->irda ? "IrDA" : "RS232");
178 static int ark3116_port_remove(struct usb_serial_port *port)
180 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
182 /* device is closed, so URBs and DMA should be down */
183 mutex_destroy(&priv->hw_lock);
189 static void ark3116_init_termios(struct tty_struct *tty)
191 struct ktermios *termios = &tty->termios;
192 *termios = tty_std_termios;
193 termios->c_cflag = B9600 | CS8
194 | CREAD | HUPCL | CLOCAL;
195 termios->c_ispeed = 9600;
196 termios->c_ospeed = 9600;
199 static void ark3116_set_termios(struct tty_struct *tty,
200 struct usb_serial_port *port,
201 struct ktermios *old_termios)
203 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
204 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
205 struct ktermios *termios = &tty->termios;
206 unsigned int cflag = termios->c_cflag;
207 int bps = tty_get_baud_rate(tty);
211 /* set data bit count */
212 switch (cflag & CSIZE) {
214 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN5;
217 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN6;
220 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN7;
224 lcr = UART_LCR_WLEN8;
228 lcr |= UART_LCR_STOP;
230 lcr |= UART_LCR_PARITY;
231 if (!(cflag & PARODD))
232 lcr |= UART_LCR_EPAR;
235 lcr |= UART_LCR_SPAR;
237 /* handshake control */
238 hcr = (cflag & CRTSCTS) ? 0x03 : 0x00;
241 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - setting bps to %d\n", __func__, bps);
245 quot = calc_divisor(9600);
248 if ((bps < 75) || (bps > 3000000))
250 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
254 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
258 quot = calc_divisor(bps);
262 /* Update state: synchronize */
263 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
265 /* keep old LCR_SBC bit */
266 lcr |= (priv->lcr & UART_LCR_SBC);
268 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - setting hcr:0x%02x,lcr:0x%02x,quot:%d\n",
269 __func__, hcr, lcr, quot);
271 /* handshake control */
272 if (priv->hcr != hcr) {
274 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0x8, hcr);
278 if (priv->quot != quot) {
280 priv->lcr = lcr; /* need to write lcr anyway */
282 /* disable DMA since transmit/receive is
283 * shadowed by UART_DLL
285 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
287 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR,
289 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLL, quot & 0xff);
290 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_DLM, (quot>>8) & 0xff);
293 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, lcr);
294 /* magic baudrate thingy: not sure what it does,
295 * but windows does this as well.
297 ark3116_write_reg(serial, 0xe, eval);
300 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT);
301 } else if (priv->lcr != lcr) {
303 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_LCR, lcr);
306 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
308 /* check for software flow control */
309 if (I_IXOFF(tty) || I_IXON(tty)) {
311 "software flow control not implemented\n");
314 /* Don't rewrite B0 */
315 if (tty_termios_baud_rate(termios))
316 tty_termios_encode_baud_rate(termios, bps, bps);
319 static void ark3116_close(struct usb_serial_port *port)
321 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
324 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_FCR, 0);
326 /* deactivate interrupts */
327 ark3116_write_reg(serial, UART_IER, 0);
329 usb_serial_generic_close(port);
331 usb_kill_urb(port->interrupt_in_urb);
334 static int ark3116_open(struct tty_struct *tty, struct usb_serial_port *port)
336 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
337 struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
341 buf = kmalloc(1, GFP_KERNEL);
345 result = usb_serial_generic_open(tty, port);
348 "%s - usb_serial_generic_open failed: %d\n",
353 /* remove any data still left: also clears error state */
354 ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_RX, buf);
356 /* read modem status */
357 result = ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_MSR, buf);
362 /* read line status */
363 result = ark3116_read_reg(serial, UART_LSR, buf);
368 result = usb_submit_urb(port->interrupt_in_urb, GFP_KERNEL);
370 dev_err(&port->dev, "submit irq_in urb failed %d\n",
375 /* activate interrupts */
376 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_IER, UART_IER_MSI|UART_IER_RLSI);
379 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_FCR, UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT);
383 ark3116_set_termios(tty, port, NULL);
390 usb_serial_generic_close(port);
397 static int ark3116_ioctl(struct tty_struct *tty,
398 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
400 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
401 struct serial_struct serstruct;
402 void __user *user_arg = (void __user *)arg;
406 /* XXX: Some of these values are probably wrong. */
407 memset(&serstruct, 0, sizeof(serstruct));
408 serstruct.type = PORT_16654;
409 serstruct.line = port->minor;
410 serstruct.port = port->port_number;
411 serstruct.custom_divisor = 0;
412 serstruct.baud_base = 460800;
414 if (copy_to_user(user_arg, &serstruct, sizeof(serstruct)))
419 if (copy_from_user(&serstruct, user_arg, sizeof(serstruct)))
427 static int ark3116_tiocmget(struct tty_struct *tty)
429 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
430 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
435 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
437 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
439 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
441 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
443 return (status & UART_MSR_DSR ? TIOCM_DSR : 0) |
444 (status & UART_MSR_CTS ? TIOCM_CTS : 0) |
445 (status & UART_MSR_RI ? TIOCM_RI : 0) |
446 (status & UART_MSR_DCD ? TIOCM_CD : 0) |
447 (ctrl & UART_MCR_DTR ? TIOCM_DTR : 0) |
448 (ctrl & UART_MCR_RTS ? TIOCM_RTS : 0) |
449 (ctrl & UART_MCR_OUT1 ? TIOCM_OUT1 : 0) |
450 (ctrl & UART_MCR_OUT2 ? TIOCM_OUT2 : 0);
453 static int ark3116_tiocmset(struct tty_struct *tty,
454 unsigned set, unsigned clr)
456 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
457 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
459 /* we need to take the mutex here, to make sure that the value
460 * in priv->mcr is actually the one that is in the hardware
463 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
466 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_RTS;
468 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_DTR;
469 if (set & TIOCM_OUT1)
470 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_OUT1;
471 if (set & TIOCM_OUT2)
472 priv->mcr |= UART_MCR_OUT2;
474 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_RTS;
476 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_DTR;
477 if (clr & TIOCM_OUT1)
478 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_OUT1;
479 if (clr & TIOCM_OUT2)
480 priv->mcr &= ~UART_MCR_OUT2;
482 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_MCR, priv->mcr);
484 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
489 static void ark3116_break_ctl(struct tty_struct *tty, int break_state)
491 struct usb_serial_port *port = tty->driver_data;
492 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
494 /* LCR is also used for other things: protect access */
495 mutex_lock(&priv->hw_lock);
498 priv->lcr |= UART_LCR_SBC;
500 priv->lcr &= ~UART_LCR_SBC;
502 ark3116_write_reg(port->serial, UART_LCR, priv->lcr);
504 mutex_unlock(&priv->hw_lock);
507 static void ark3116_update_msr(struct usb_serial_port *port, __u8 msr)
509 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
512 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
514 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
516 if (msr & UART_MSR_ANY_DELTA) {
517 /* update input line counters */
518 if (msr & UART_MSR_DCTS)
520 if (msr & UART_MSR_DDSR)
522 if (msr & UART_MSR_DDCD)
524 if (msr & UART_MSR_TERI)
526 wake_up_interruptible(&port->port.delta_msr_wait);
530 static void ark3116_update_lsr(struct usb_serial_port *port, __u8 lsr)
532 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
535 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
538 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
540 if (lsr&UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS) {
541 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BI)
543 if (lsr & UART_LSR_FE)
544 port->icount.frame++;
545 if (lsr & UART_LSR_PE)
546 port->icount.parity++;
547 if (lsr & UART_LSR_OE)
548 port->icount.overrun++;
552 static void ark3116_read_int_callback(struct urb *urb)
554 struct usb_serial_port *port = urb->context;
555 int status = urb->status;
556 const __u8 *data = urb->transfer_buffer;
563 /* this urb is terminated, clean up */
564 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - urb shutting down with status: %d\n",
568 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s - nonzero urb status received: %d\n",
571 case 0: /* success */
572 /* discovered this by trail and error... */
573 if ((urb->actual_length == 4) && (data[0] == 0xe8)) {
574 const __u8 id = data[1]&UART_IIR_ID;
575 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: iir=%02x\n", __func__, data[1]);
576 if (id == UART_IIR_MSI) {
577 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: msr=%02x\n",
579 ark3116_update_msr(port, data[3]);
581 } else if (id == UART_IIR_RLSI) {
582 dev_dbg(&port->dev, "%s: lsr=%02x\n",
584 ark3116_update_lsr(port, data[2]);
589 * Not sure what this data meant...
591 usb_serial_debug_data(&port->dev, __func__,
593 urb->transfer_buffer);
597 result = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_ATOMIC);
599 dev_err(&port->dev, "failed to resubmit interrupt urb: %d\n",
604 /* Data comes in via the bulk (data) URB, errors/interrupts via the int URB.
605 * This means that we cannot be sure which data byte has an associated error
606 * condition, so we report an error for all data in the next bulk read.
608 * Actually, there might even be a window between the bulk data leaving the
609 * ark and reading/resetting the lsr in the read_bulk_callback where an
610 * interrupt for the next data block could come in.
611 * Without somekind of ordering on the ark, we would have to report the
612 * error for the next block of data as well...
613 * For now, let's pretend this can't happen.
615 static void ark3116_process_read_urb(struct urb *urb)
617 struct usb_serial_port *port = urb->context;
618 struct ark3116_private *priv = usb_get_serial_port_data(port);
619 unsigned char *data = urb->transfer_buffer;
620 char tty_flag = TTY_NORMAL;
624 /* update line status */
625 spin_lock_irqsave(&priv->status_lock, flags);
627 priv->lsr &= ~UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS;
628 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&priv->status_lock, flags);
630 if (!urb->actual_length)
633 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BRK_ERROR_BITS) {
634 if (lsr & UART_LSR_BI)
635 tty_flag = TTY_BREAK;
636 else if (lsr & UART_LSR_PE)
637 tty_flag = TTY_PARITY;
638 else if (lsr & UART_LSR_FE)
639 tty_flag = TTY_FRAME;
641 /* overrun is special, not associated with a char */
642 if (lsr & UART_LSR_OE)
643 tty_insert_flip_char(&port->port, 0, TTY_OVERRUN);
645 tty_insert_flip_string_fixed_flag(&port->port, data, tty_flag,
647 tty_flip_buffer_push(&port->port);
650 static struct usb_serial_driver ark3116_device = {
652 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
655 .id_table = id_table,
659 .num_interrupt_in = 1,
660 .port_probe = ark3116_port_probe,
661 .port_remove = ark3116_port_remove,
662 .set_termios = ark3116_set_termios,
663 .init_termios = ark3116_init_termios,
664 .ioctl = ark3116_ioctl,
665 .tiocmget = ark3116_tiocmget,
666 .tiocmset = ark3116_tiocmset,
667 .tiocmiwait = usb_serial_generic_tiocmiwait,
668 .get_icount = usb_serial_generic_get_icount,
669 .open = ark3116_open,
670 .close = ark3116_close,
671 .break_ctl = ark3116_break_ctl,
672 .read_int_callback = ark3116_read_int_callback,
673 .process_read_urb = ark3116_process_read_urb,
676 static struct usb_serial_driver * const serial_drivers[] = {
677 &ark3116_device, NULL
680 module_usb_serial_driver(serial_drivers, id_table);
682 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
684 MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);
685 MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);
688 * The following describes what I learned from studying the old
689 * ark3116.c driver, disassembling the windows driver, and some lucky
690 * guesses. Since I do not have any datasheet or other
691 * documentation, inaccuracies are almost guaranteed.
693 * Some specs for the ARK3116 can be found here:
694 * http://web.archive.org/web/20060318000438/
695 * www.arkmicro.com/en/products/view.php?id=10
696 * On that page, 2 GPIO pins are mentioned: I assume these are the
697 * OUT1 and OUT2 pins of the UART, so I added support for those
698 * through the MCR. Since the pins are not available on my hardware,
699 * I could not verify this.
700 * Also, it states there is "on-chip hardware flow control". I have
701 * discovered how to enable that. Unfortunately, I do not know how to
702 * enable XON/XOFF (software) flow control, which would need support
703 * from the chip as well to work. Because of the wording on the web
704 * page there is a real possibility the chip simply does not support
705 * software flow control.
707 * I got my ark3116 as part of a mobile phone adapter cable. On the
708 * PCB, the following numbered contacts are present:
721 * On my chip, all signals seem to be 3.3V, but 5V tolerant. But that
722 * may be different for the one you have ;-).
724 * The windows driver limits the registers to 0-F, so I assume there
725 * are actually 16 present on the device.
727 * On an UART interrupt, 4 bytes of data come in on the interrupt
728 * endpoint. The bytes are 0xe8 IIR LSR MSR.
730 * The baudrate seems to be generated from the 12MHz crystal, using
731 * 4-times subsampling. So quot=12e6/(4*baud). Also see description
735 * These seem to be the same as for a regular 16450. The FCR is set
736 * to UART_FCR_DMA_SELECT (0x8), I guess to enable transfers between
737 * the UART and the USB bridge/DMA engine.
740 * By trial and error, I found out that bit 0 enables hardware CTS,
741 * stopping TX when CTS is +5V. Bit 1 does the same for RTS, making
742 * RTS +5V when the 3116 cannot transfer the data to the USB bus
743 * (verified by disabling the reading URB). Note that as far as I can
744 * tell, the windows driver does NOT use this, so there might be some
745 * hardware bug or something.
747 * According to a patch provided here
748 * (http://lkml.org/lkml/2009/7/26/56), the ARK3116 can also be used
749 * as an IrDA dongle. Since I do not have such a thing, I could not
750 * investigate that aspect. However, I can speculate ;-).
752 * - IrDA encodes data differently than RS232. Most likely, one of
753 * the bits in registers 9..E enables the IR ENDEC (encoder/decoder).
754 * - Depending on the IR transceiver, the input and output need to be
755 * inverted, so there are probably bits for that as well.
756 * - IrDA is half-duplex, so there should be a bit for selecting that.
758 * This still leaves at least two registers unaccounted for. Perhaps
759 * The chip can do XON/XOFF or CRC in HW?
762 * Set to 0x00 for IrDA, when the baudrate is initialised.
765 * Set to 0x01 for IrDA, at init.
768 * Set to 0x01 for IrDA, 0x00 for RS232, at init.
771 * Set to 00 for IrDA, at init.
774 * Set to 0x41 for IrDA, at init.
777 * Somekind of baudrate override. The windows driver seems to set
778 * this to 0x00 for normal baudrates, 0x01 for 460800, 0x02 for 921600.
779 * Since 460800 and 921600 cannot be obtained by dividing 3MHz by an integer,
780 * it could be somekind of subdivisor thingy.
781 * However,it does not seem to do anything: selecting 921600 (divisor 3,
782 * reg E=2), still gets 1 MHz. I also checked if registers 9, C or F would
783 * work, but they don't.
785 * Register F: unknown