1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * kernel userspace event delivery
5 * Copyright (C) 2004 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
6 * Copyright (C) 2004 Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
7 * Copyright (C) 2004 IBM, Inc. All rights reserved.
16 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
17 #include <linux/string.h>
18 #include <linux/kobject.h>
19 #include <linux/export.h>
20 #include <linux/kmod.h>
21 #include <linux/slab.h>
22 #include <linux/socket.h>
23 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
24 #include <linux/netlink.h>
25 #include <linux/uidgid.h>
26 #include <linux/uuid.h>
27 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <net/netlink.h>
30 #include <net/net_namespace.h>
33 atomic64_t uevent_seqnum;
34 #ifdef CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER
35 char uevent_helper[UEVENT_HELPER_PATH_LEN] = CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER_PATH;
39 struct list_head list;
44 static LIST_HEAD(uevent_sock_list);
45 /* This lock protects uevent_sock_list */
46 static DEFINE_MUTEX(uevent_sock_mutex);
49 /* the strings here must match the enum in include/linux/kobject.h */
50 static const char *kobject_actions[] = {
52 [KOBJ_REMOVE] = "remove",
53 [KOBJ_CHANGE] = "change",
55 [KOBJ_ONLINE] = "online",
56 [KOBJ_OFFLINE] = "offline",
58 [KOBJ_UNBIND] = "unbind",
61 static int kobject_action_type(const char *buf, size_t count,
62 enum kobject_action *type,
65 enum kobject_action action;
67 const char *args_start;
70 if (count && (buf[count-1] == '\n' || buf[count-1] == '\0'))
76 args_start = strnchr(buf, count, ' ');
78 count_first = args_start - buf;
79 args_start = args_start + 1;
83 for (action = 0; action < ARRAY_SIZE(kobject_actions); action++) {
84 if (strncmp(kobject_actions[action], buf, count_first) != 0)
86 if (kobject_actions[action][count_first] != '\0')
98 static const char *action_arg_word_end(const char *buf, const char *buf_end,
101 const char *next = buf;
103 while (next <= buf_end && *next != delim)
104 if (!isalnum(*next++))
113 static int kobject_action_args(const char *buf, size_t count,
114 struct kobj_uevent_env **ret_env)
116 struct kobj_uevent_env *env = NULL;
117 const char *next, *buf_end, *key;
121 if (count && (buf[count - 1] == '\n' || buf[count - 1] == '\0'))
127 env = kzalloc(sizeof(*env), GFP_KERNEL);
131 /* first arg is UUID */
132 if (count < UUID_STRING_LEN || !uuid_is_valid(buf) ||
133 add_uevent_var(env, "SYNTH_UUID=%.*s", UUID_STRING_LEN, buf))
137 * the rest are custom environment variables in KEY=VALUE
138 * format with ' ' delimiter between each KEY=VALUE pair
140 next = buf + UUID_STRING_LEN;
141 buf_end = buf + count - 1;
143 while (next <= buf_end) {
147 /* skip the ' ', key must follow */
153 next = action_arg_word_end(buf, buf_end, '=');
154 if (!next || next > buf_end || *next != '=')
156 key_len = next - buf;
158 /* skip the '=', value must follow */
159 if (++next > buf_end)
163 next = action_arg_word_end(buf, buf_end, ' ');
167 if (add_uevent_var(env, "SYNTH_ARG_%.*s=%.*s",
168 key_len, key, (int) (next - buf), buf))
182 * kobject_synth_uevent - send synthetic uevent with arguments
184 * @kobj: struct kobject for which synthetic uevent is to be generated
185 * @buf: buffer containing action type and action args, newline is ignored
186 * @count: length of buffer
188 * Returns 0 if kobject_synthetic_uevent() is completed with success or the
189 * corresponding error when it fails.
191 int kobject_synth_uevent(struct kobject *kobj, const char *buf, size_t count)
193 char *no_uuid_envp[] = { "SYNTH_UUID=0", NULL };
194 enum kobject_action action;
195 const char *action_args;
196 struct kobj_uevent_env *env;
197 const char *msg = NULL, *devpath;
200 r = kobject_action_type(buf, count, &action, &action_args);
202 msg = "unknown uevent action string";
207 r = kobject_uevent_env(kobj, action, no_uuid_envp);
211 r = kobject_action_args(action_args,
212 count - (action_args - buf), &env);
214 msg = "incorrect uevent action arguments";
221 r = kobject_uevent_env(kobj, action, env->envp);
225 devpath = kobject_get_path(kobj, GFP_KERNEL);
226 pr_warn("synth uevent: %s: %s\n",
227 devpath ?: "unknown device",
228 msg ?: "failed to send uevent");
234 #ifdef CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER
235 static int kobj_usermode_filter(struct kobject *kobj)
237 const struct kobj_ns_type_operations *ops;
239 ops = kobj_ns_ops(kobj);
241 const void *init_ns, *ns;
243 ns = kobj->ktype->namespace(kobj);
244 init_ns = ops->initial_ns();
245 return ns != init_ns;
251 static int init_uevent_argv(struct kobj_uevent_env *env, const char *subsystem)
253 int buffer_size = sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen;
256 len = strscpy(&env->buf[env->buflen], subsystem, buffer_size);
258 pr_warn("%s: insufficient buffer space (%u left) for %s\n",
259 __func__, buffer_size, subsystem);
263 env->argv[0] = uevent_helper;
264 env->argv[1] = &env->buf[env->buflen];
267 env->buflen += len + 1;
271 static void cleanup_uevent_env(struct subprocess_info *info)
278 static struct sk_buff *alloc_uevent_skb(struct kobj_uevent_env *env,
279 const char *action_string,
282 struct netlink_skb_parms *parms;
283 struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
287 /* allocate message with maximum possible size */
288 len = strlen(action_string) + strlen(devpath) + 2;
289 skb = alloc_skb(len + env->buflen, GFP_KERNEL);
294 scratch = skb_put(skb, len);
295 sprintf(scratch, "%s@%s", action_string, devpath);
297 skb_put_data(skb, env->buf, env->buflen);
299 parms = &NETLINK_CB(skb);
300 parms->creds.uid = GLOBAL_ROOT_UID;
301 parms->creds.gid = GLOBAL_ROOT_GID;
302 parms->dst_group = 1;
308 static int uevent_net_broadcast_untagged(struct kobj_uevent_env *env,
309 const char *action_string,
312 struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
313 struct uevent_sock *ue_sk;
316 /* send netlink message */
317 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
318 list_for_each_entry(ue_sk, &uevent_sock_list, list) {
319 struct sock *uevent_sock = ue_sk->sk;
321 if (!netlink_has_listeners(uevent_sock, 1))
326 skb = alloc_uevent_skb(env, action_string, devpath);
331 retval = netlink_broadcast(uevent_sock, skb_get(skb), 0, 1,
333 /* ENOBUFS should be handled in userspace */
334 if (retval == -ENOBUFS || retval == -ESRCH)
337 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
343 static int uevent_net_broadcast_tagged(struct sock *usk,
344 struct kobj_uevent_env *env,
345 const char *action_string,
348 struct user_namespace *owning_user_ns = sock_net(usk)->user_ns;
349 struct sk_buff *skb = NULL;
352 skb = alloc_uevent_skb(env, action_string, devpath);
356 /* fix credentials */
357 if (owning_user_ns != &init_user_ns) {
358 struct netlink_skb_parms *parms = &NETLINK_CB(skb);
363 root_uid = make_kuid(owning_user_ns, 0);
364 if (uid_valid(root_uid))
365 parms->creds.uid = root_uid;
368 root_gid = make_kgid(owning_user_ns, 0);
369 if (gid_valid(root_gid))
370 parms->creds.gid = root_gid;
373 ret = netlink_broadcast(usk, skb, 0, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
374 /* ENOBUFS should be handled in userspace */
375 if (ret == -ENOBUFS || ret == -ESRCH)
382 static int kobject_uevent_net_broadcast(struct kobject *kobj,
383 struct kobj_uevent_env *env,
384 const char *action_string,
390 const struct kobj_ns_type_operations *ops;
391 const struct net *net = NULL;
393 ops = kobj_ns_ops(kobj);
394 if (!ops && kobj->kset) {
395 struct kobject *ksobj = &kobj->kset->kobj;
397 if (ksobj->parent != NULL)
398 ops = kobj_ns_ops(ksobj->parent);
401 /* kobjects currently only carry network namespace tags and they
402 * are the only tag relevant here since we want to decide which
403 * network namespaces to broadcast the uevent into.
405 if (ops && ops->netlink_ns && kobj->ktype->namespace)
406 if (ops->type == KOBJ_NS_TYPE_NET)
407 net = kobj->ktype->namespace(kobj);
410 ret = uevent_net_broadcast_untagged(env, action_string,
413 ret = uevent_net_broadcast_tagged(net->uevent_sock->sk, env,
414 action_string, devpath);
420 static void zap_modalias_env(struct kobj_uevent_env *env)
422 static const char modalias_prefix[] = "MODALIAS=";
426 for (i = 0; i < env->envp_idx;) {
427 if (strncmp(env->envp[i], modalias_prefix,
428 sizeof(modalias_prefix) - 1)) {
433 len = strlen(env->envp[i]) + 1;
435 if (i != env->envp_idx - 1) {
436 memmove(env->envp[i], env->envp[i + 1],
439 for (j = i; j < env->envp_idx - 1; j++)
440 env->envp[j] = env->envp[j + 1] - len;
449 * kobject_uevent_env - send an uevent with environmental data
451 * @kobj: struct kobject that the action is happening to
452 * @action: action that is happening
453 * @envp_ext: pointer to environmental data
455 * Returns 0 if kobject_uevent_env() is completed with success or the
456 * corresponding error when it fails.
458 int kobject_uevent_env(struct kobject *kobj, enum kobject_action action,
461 struct kobj_uevent_env *env;
462 const char *action_string = kobject_actions[action];
463 const char *devpath = NULL;
464 const char *subsystem;
465 struct kobject *top_kobj;
467 const struct kset_uevent_ops *uevent_ops;
472 * Mark "remove" event done regardless of result, for some subsystems
473 * do not want to re-trigger "remove" event via automatic cleanup.
475 if (action == KOBJ_REMOVE)
476 kobj->state_remove_uevent_sent = 1;
478 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s\n",
479 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__);
481 /* search the kset we belong to */
483 while (!top_kobj->kset && top_kobj->parent)
484 top_kobj = top_kobj->parent;
486 if (!top_kobj->kset) {
487 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: attempted to send uevent "
488 "without kset!\n", kobject_name(kobj), kobj,
493 kset = top_kobj->kset;
494 uevent_ops = kset->uevent_ops;
496 /* skip the event, if uevent_suppress is set*/
497 if (kobj->uevent_suppress) {
498 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: uevent_suppress "
499 "caused the event to drop!\n",
500 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__);
503 /* skip the event, if the filter returns zero. */
504 if (uevent_ops && uevent_ops->filter)
505 if (!uevent_ops->filter(kobj)) {
506 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: filter function "
507 "caused the event to drop!\n",
508 kobject_name(kobj), kobj, __func__);
512 /* originating subsystem */
513 if (uevent_ops && uevent_ops->name)
514 subsystem = uevent_ops->name(kobj);
516 subsystem = kobject_name(&kset->kobj);
518 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: unset subsystem caused the "
519 "event to drop!\n", kobject_name(kobj), kobj,
524 /* environment buffer */
525 env = kzalloc(sizeof(struct kobj_uevent_env), GFP_KERNEL);
529 /* complete object path */
530 devpath = kobject_get_path(kobj, GFP_KERNEL);
537 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "ACTION=%s", action_string);
540 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "DEVPATH=%s", devpath);
543 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "SUBSYSTEM=%s", subsystem);
547 /* keys passed in from the caller */
549 for (i = 0; envp_ext[i]; i++) {
550 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "%s", envp_ext[i]);
556 /* let the kset specific function add its stuff */
557 if (uevent_ops && uevent_ops->uevent) {
558 retval = uevent_ops->uevent(kobj, env);
560 pr_debug("kobject: '%s' (%p): %s: uevent() returned "
561 "%d\n", kobject_name(kobj), kobj,
570 * Mark "add" event so we can make sure we deliver "remove"
571 * event to userspace during automatic cleanup. If
572 * the object did send an "add" event, "remove" will
573 * automatically generated by the core, if not already done
576 kobj->state_add_uevent_sent = 1;
580 zap_modalias_env(env);
587 /* we will send an event, so request a new sequence number */
588 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "SEQNUM=%llu",
589 atomic64_inc_return(&uevent_seqnum));
593 retval = kobject_uevent_net_broadcast(kobj, env, action_string,
596 #ifdef CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER
597 /* call uevent_helper, usually only enabled during early boot */
598 if (uevent_helper[0] && !kobj_usermode_filter(kobj)) {
599 struct subprocess_info *info;
601 retval = add_uevent_var(env, "HOME=/");
604 retval = add_uevent_var(env,
605 "PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin");
608 retval = init_uevent_argv(env, subsystem);
613 info = call_usermodehelper_setup(env->argv[0], env->argv,
614 env->envp, GFP_KERNEL,
615 NULL, cleanup_uevent_env, env);
617 retval = call_usermodehelper_exec(info, UMH_NO_WAIT);
618 env = NULL; /* freed by cleanup_uevent_env */
628 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kobject_uevent_env);
631 * kobject_uevent - notify userspace by sending an uevent
633 * @kobj: struct kobject that the action is happening to
634 * @action: action that is happening
636 * Returns 0 if kobject_uevent() is completed with success or the
637 * corresponding error when it fails.
639 int kobject_uevent(struct kobject *kobj, enum kobject_action action)
641 return kobject_uevent_env(kobj, action, NULL);
643 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kobject_uevent);
646 * add_uevent_var - add key value string to the environment buffer
647 * @env: environment buffer structure
648 * @format: printf format for the key=value pair
650 * Returns 0 if environment variable was added successfully or -ENOMEM
651 * if no space was available.
653 int add_uevent_var(struct kobj_uevent_env *env, const char *format, ...)
658 if (env->envp_idx >= ARRAY_SIZE(env->envp)) {
659 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "add_uevent_var: too many keys\n");
663 va_start(args, format);
664 len = vsnprintf(&env->buf[env->buflen],
665 sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen,
669 if (len >= (sizeof(env->buf) - env->buflen)) {
670 WARN(1, KERN_ERR "add_uevent_var: buffer size too small\n");
674 env->envp[env->envp_idx++] = &env->buf[env->buflen];
675 env->buflen += len + 1;
678 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(add_uevent_var);
680 #if defined(CONFIG_NET)
681 static int uevent_net_broadcast(struct sock *usk, struct sk_buff *skb,
682 struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
684 /* u64 to chars: 2^64 - 1 = 21 chars */
685 char buf[sizeof("SEQNUM=") + 21];
686 struct sk_buff *skbc;
689 /* bump and prepare sequence number */
690 ret = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "SEQNUM=%llu",
691 atomic64_inc_return(&uevent_seqnum));
692 if (ret < 0 || (size_t)ret >= sizeof(buf))
696 /* verify message does not overflow */
697 if ((skb->len + ret) > UEVENT_BUFFER_SIZE) {
698 NL_SET_ERR_MSG(extack, "uevent message too big");
702 /* copy skb and extend to accommodate sequence number */
703 skbc = skb_copy_expand(skb, 0, ret, GFP_KERNEL);
707 /* append sequence number */
708 skb_put_data(skbc, buf, ret);
710 /* remove msg header */
711 skb_pull(skbc, NLMSG_HDRLEN);
713 /* set portid 0 to inform userspace message comes from kernel */
714 NETLINK_CB(skbc).portid = 0;
715 NETLINK_CB(skbc).dst_group = 1;
717 ret = netlink_broadcast(usk, skbc, 0, 1, GFP_KERNEL);
718 /* ENOBUFS should be handled in userspace */
719 if (ret == -ENOBUFS || ret == -ESRCH)
725 static int uevent_net_rcv_skb(struct sk_buff *skb, struct nlmsghdr *nlh,
726 struct netlink_ext_ack *extack)
731 if (!nlmsg_data(nlh))
735 * Verify that we are allowed to send messages to the target
736 * network namespace. The caller must have CAP_SYS_ADMIN in the
737 * owning user namespace of the target network namespace.
739 net = sock_net(NETLINK_CB(skb).sk);
740 if (!netlink_ns_capable(skb, net->user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN)) {
741 NL_SET_ERR_MSG(extack, "missing CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability");
745 ret = uevent_net_broadcast(net->uevent_sock->sk, skb, extack);
750 static void uevent_net_rcv(struct sk_buff *skb)
752 netlink_rcv_skb(skb, &uevent_net_rcv_skb);
755 static int uevent_net_init(struct net *net)
757 struct uevent_sock *ue_sk;
758 struct netlink_kernel_cfg cfg = {
760 .input = uevent_net_rcv,
761 .flags = NL_CFG_F_NONROOT_RECV
764 ue_sk = kzalloc(sizeof(*ue_sk), GFP_KERNEL);
768 ue_sk->sk = netlink_kernel_create(net, NETLINK_KOBJECT_UEVENT, &cfg);
770 pr_err("kobject_uevent: unable to create netlink socket!\n");
775 net->uevent_sock = ue_sk;
777 /* Restrict uevents to initial user namespace. */
778 if (sock_net(ue_sk->sk)->user_ns == &init_user_ns) {
779 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
780 list_add_tail(&ue_sk->list, &uevent_sock_list);
781 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
787 static void uevent_net_exit(struct net *net)
789 struct uevent_sock *ue_sk = net->uevent_sock;
791 if (sock_net(ue_sk->sk)->user_ns == &init_user_ns) {
792 mutex_lock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
793 list_del(&ue_sk->list);
794 mutex_unlock(&uevent_sock_mutex);
797 netlink_kernel_release(ue_sk->sk);
801 static struct pernet_operations uevent_net_ops = {
802 .init = uevent_net_init,
803 .exit = uevent_net_exit,
806 static int __init kobject_uevent_init(void)
808 return register_pernet_subsys(&uevent_net_ops);
812 postcore_initcall(kobject_uevent_init);