1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 # General architecture dependent options
7 # Note: arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig needs to be included first so that it can
8 # override the default values in this file.
10 source "arch/$(SRCARCH)/Kconfig"
12 menu "General architecture-dependent options"
27 config ARCH_HAS_SUBPAGE_FAULTS
30 Select if the architecture can check permissions at sub-page
31 granularity (e.g. arm64 MTE). The probe_user_*() functions
37 # Selected by HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC_DEAD or HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC_FULL
38 config HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC
41 # Basic CPU dead synchronization selected by architecture
42 config HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC_DEAD
44 select HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC
46 # Full CPU synchronization with alive state selected by architecture
47 config HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC_FULL
49 select HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC_DEAD if HOTPLUG_CPU
50 select HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC
52 config HOTPLUG_SPLIT_STARTUP
54 select HOTPLUG_CORE_SYNC_FULL
56 config HOTPLUG_PARALLEL
58 select HOTPLUG_SPLIT_STARTUP
66 depends on HAVE_KPROBES
68 select TASKS_RCU if PREEMPTION
70 Kprobes allows you to trap at almost any kernel address and
71 execute a callback function. register_kprobe() establishes
72 a probepoint and specifies the callback. Kprobes is useful
73 for kernel debugging, non-intrusive instrumentation and testing.
77 bool "Optimize very unlikely/likely branches"
78 depends on HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
79 select OBJTOOL if HAVE_JUMP_LABEL_HACK
81 This option enables a transparent branch optimization that
82 makes certain almost-always-true or almost-always-false branch
83 conditions even cheaper to execute within the kernel.
85 Certain performance-sensitive kernel code, such as trace points,
86 scheduler functionality, networking code and KVM have such
87 branches and include support for this optimization technique.
89 If it is detected that the compiler has support for "asm goto",
90 the kernel will compile such branches with just a nop
91 instruction. When the condition flag is toggled to true, the
92 nop will be converted to a jump instruction to execute the
93 conditional block of instructions.
95 This technique lowers overhead and stress on the branch prediction
96 of the processor and generally makes the kernel faster. The update
97 of the condition is slower, but those are always very rare.
99 ( On 32-bit x86, the necessary options added to the compiler
100 flags may increase the size of the kernel slightly. )
102 config STATIC_KEYS_SELFTEST
103 bool "Static key selftest"
104 depends on JUMP_LABEL
106 Boot time self-test of the branch patching code.
108 config STATIC_CALL_SELFTEST
109 bool "Static call selftest"
110 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
112 Boot time self-test of the call patching code.
116 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_OPTPROBES
117 select TASKS_RCU if PREEMPTION
119 config KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
121 depends on KPROBES && HAVE_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
122 depends on DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS
124 If function tracer is enabled and the arch supports full
125 passing of pt_regs to function tracing, then kprobes can
126 optimize on top of function tracing.
130 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_UPROBES
132 Uprobes is the user-space counterpart to kprobes: they
133 enable instrumentation applications (such as 'perf probe')
134 to establish unintrusive probes in user-space binaries and
135 libraries, by executing handler functions when the probes
136 are hit by user-space applications.
138 ( These probes come in the form of single-byte breakpoints,
139 managed by the kernel and kept transparent to the probed
142 config HAVE_64BIT_ALIGNED_ACCESS
143 def_bool 64BIT && !HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
145 Some architectures require 64 bit accesses to be 64 bit
146 aligned, which also requires structs containing 64 bit values
147 to be 64 bit aligned too. This includes some 32 bit
148 architectures which can do 64 bit accesses, as well as 64 bit
149 architectures without unaligned access.
151 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if 64 bit
152 accesses are required to be 64 bit aligned in this way even
153 though it is not a 64 bit architecture.
155 See Documentation/core-api/unaligned-memory-access.rst for
156 more information on the topic of unaligned memory accesses.
158 config HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS
161 Some architectures are unable to perform unaligned accesses
162 without the use of get_unaligned/put_unaligned. Others are
163 unable to perform such accesses efficiently (e.g. trap on
164 unaligned access and require fixing it up in the exception
167 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it can
168 perform unaligned accesses efficiently to allow different
169 code paths to be selected for these cases. Some network
170 drivers, for example, could opt to not fix up alignment
171 problems with received packets if doing so would not help
174 See Documentation/core-api/unaligned-memory-access.rst for more
175 information on the topic of unaligned memory accesses.
177 config ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP
180 Modern versions of GCC (since 4.4) have builtin functions
181 for handling byte-swapping. Using these, instead of the old
182 inline assembler that the architecture code provides in the
183 __arch_bswapXX() macros, allows the compiler to see what's
184 happening and offers more opportunity for optimisation. In
185 particular, the compiler will be able to combine the byteswap
186 with a nearby load or store and use load-and-swap or
187 store-and-swap instructions if the architecture has them. It
188 should almost *never* result in code which is worse than the
189 hand-coded assembler in <asm/swab.h>. But just in case it
190 does, the use of the builtins is optional.
192 Any architecture with load-and-swap or store-and-swap
193 instructions should set this. And it shouldn't hurt to set it
194 on architectures that don't have such instructions.
198 depends on KPROBES && (HAVE_KRETPROBES || HAVE_RETHOOK)
200 config KRETPROBE_ON_RETHOOK
202 depends on HAVE_RETHOOK
203 depends on KRETPROBES
206 config USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
208 depends on HAVE_USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
210 Provide a kernel-internal notification when a cpu is about to
213 config HAVE_IOREMAP_PROT
219 config HAVE_KRETPROBES
222 config HAVE_OPTPROBES
225 config HAVE_KPROBES_ON_FTRACE
228 config ARCH_CORRECT_STACKTRACE_ON_KRETPROBE
231 Since kretprobes modifies return address on the stack, the
232 stacktrace may see the kretprobe trampoline address instead
233 of correct one. If the architecture stacktrace code and
234 unwinder can adjust such entries, select this configuration.
236 config HAVE_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION
242 config HAVE_FUNCTION_DESCRIPTORS
245 config TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT
248 config TRACE_IRQFLAGS_NMI_SUPPORT
252 # An arch should select this if it provides all these things:
254 # task_pt_regs() in asm/processor.h or asm/ptrace.h
255 # arch_has_single_step() if there is hardware single-step support
256 # arch_has_block_step() if there is hardware block-step support
257 # asm/syscall.h supplying asm-generic/syscall.h interface
258 # linux/regset.h user_regset interfaces
259 # CORE_DUMP_USE_REGSET #define'd in linux/elf.h
260 # TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE calls ptrace_report_syscall_{entry,exit}
261 # TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME calls resume_user_mode_work()
263 config HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
266 config HAVE_DMA_CONTIGUOUS
269 config GENERIC_SMP_IDLE_THREAD
272 config GENERIC_IDLE_POLL_SETUP
275 config ARCH_HAS_FORTIFY_SOURCE
278 An architecture should select this when it can successfully
279 build and run with CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE.
282 # Select if the arch provides a historic keepinit alias for the retain_initrd
283 # command line option
285 config ARCH_HAS_KEEPINITRD
288 # Select if arch has all set_memory_ro/rw/x/nx() functions in asm/cacheflush.h
289 config ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY
292 # Select if arch has all set_direct_map_invalid/default() functions
293 config ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP
297 # Select if the architecture provides the arch_dma_set_uncached symbol to
298 # either provide an uncached segment alias for a DMA allocation, or
299 # to remap the page tables in place.
301 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_SET_UNCACHED
305 # Select if the architectures provides the arch_dma_clear_uncached symbol
306 # to undo an in-place page table remap for uncached access.
308 config ARCH_HAS_DMA_CLEAR_UNCACHED
311 # Select if arch init_task must go in the __init_task_data section
312 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ON_STACK
315 # Select if arch has its private alloc_task_struct() function
316 config ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
319 config HAVE_ARCH_THREAD_STRUCT_WHITELIST
321 depends on !ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
323 An architecture should select this to provide hardened usercopy
324 knowledge about what region of the thread_struct should be
325 whitelisted for copying to userspace. Normally this is only the
326 FPU registers. Specifically, arch_thread_struct_whitelist()
327 should be implemented. Without this, the entire thread_struct
328 field in task_struct will be left whitelisted.
330 # Select if arch has its private alloc_thread_stack() function
331 config ARCH_THREAD_STACK_ALLOCATOR
334 # Select if arch wants to size task_struct dynamically via arch_task_struct_size:
335 config ARCH_WANTS_DYNAMIC_TASK_STRUCT
338 config ARCH_WANTS_NO_INSTR
341 An architecture should select this if the noinstr macro is being used on
342 functions to denote that the toolchain should avoid instrumenting such
343 functions and is required for correctness.
345 config ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
349 All new 32-bit architectures should have 64-bit off_t type on
350 userspace side which corresponds to the loff_t kernel type. This
351 is the requirement for modern ABIs. Some existing architectures
352 still support 32-bit off_t. This option is enabled for all such
353 architectures explicitly.
355 # Selected by 64 bit architectures which have a 32 bit f_tinode in struct ustat
356 config ARCH_32BIT_USTAT_F_TINODE
359 config HAVE_ASM_MODVERSIONS
362 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it provides
363 <asm/asm-prototypes.h> to support the module versioning for symbols
364 exported from assembly code.
366 config HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
369 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it supports
370 the API needed to access registers and stack entries from pt_regs,
371 declared in asm/ptrace.h
372 For example the kprobes-based event tracer needs this API.
376 depends on HAVE_REGS_AND_STACK_ACCESS_API
378 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it
379 supports an implementation of restartable sequences.
384 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it
387 config HAVE_FUNCTION_ARG_ACCESS_API
390 This symbol should be selected by an architecture if it supports
391 the API needed to access function arguments from pt_regs,
392 declared in asm/ptrace.h
394 config HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
396 depends on PERF_EVENTS
398 config HAVE_MIXED_BREAKPOINTS_REGS
400 depends on HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT
402 Depending on the arch implementation of hardware breakpoints,
403 some of them have separate registers for data and instruction
404 breakpoints addresses, others have mixed registers to store
405 them but define the access type in a control register.
406 Select this option if your arch implements breakpoints under the
409 config HAVE_USER_RETURN_NOTIFIER
412 config HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI
415 System hardware can generate an NMI using the perf event
416 subsystem. Also has support for calculating CPU cycle events
417 to determine how many clock cycles in a given period.
419 config HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_PERF
421 depends on HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI
423 The arch chooses to use the generic perf-NMI-based hardlockup
424 detector. Must define HAVE_PERF_EVENTS_NMI.
426 config HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
430 The arch provides a low level NMI watchdog. It provides
431 asm/nmi.h, and defines its own arch_touch_nmi_watchdog().
433 config HAVE_HARDLOCKUP_DETECTOR_ARCH
435 select HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG
437 The arch chooses to provide its own hardlockup detector, which is
438 a superset of the HAVE_NMI_WATCHDOG. It also conforms to config
439 interfaces and parameters provided by hardlockup detector subsystem.
441 config HAVE_PERF_REGS
444 Support selective register dumps for perf events. This includes
445 bit-mapping of each registers and a unique architecture id.
447 config HAVE_PERF_USER_STACK_DUMP
450 Support user stack dumps for perf event samples. This needs
451 access to the user stack pointer which is not unified across
454 config HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
457 config HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL_RELATIVE
460 config MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
463 config MMU_GATHER_RCU_TABLE_FREE
465 select MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
467 config MMU_GATHER_PAGE_SIZE
470 config MMU_GATHER_NO_RANGE
472 select MMU_GATHER_MERGE_VMAS
474 config MMU_GATHER_NO_FLUSH_CACHE
477 config MMU_GATHER_MERGE_VMAS
480 config MMU_GATHER_NO_GATHER
482 depends on MMU_GATHER_TABLE_FREE
484 config ARCH_WANT_IRQS_OFF_ACTIVATE_MM
487 Temporary select until all architectures can be converted to have
488 irqs disabled over activate_mm. Architectures that do IPI based TLB
489 shootdowns should enable this.
491 # Use normal mm refcounting for MMU_LAZY_TLB kernel thread references.
492 # MMU_LAZY_TLB_REFCOUNT=n can improve the scalability of context switching
493 # to/from kernel threads when the same mm is running on a lot of CPUs (a large
494 # multi-threaded application), by reducing contention on the mm refcount.
496 # This can be disabled if the architecture ensures no CPUs are using an mm as a
497 # "lazy tlb" beyond its final refcount (i.e., by the time __mmdrop frees the mm
498 # or its kernel page tables). This could be arranged by arch_exit_mmap(), or
499 # final exit(2) TLB flush, for example.
501 # To implement this, an arch *must*:
502 # Ensure the _lazy_tlb variants of mmgrab/mmdrop are used when manipulating
503 # the lazy tlb reference of a kthread's ->active_mm (non-arch code has been
504 # converted already).
505 config MMU_LAZY_TLB_REFCOUNT
507 depends on !MMU_LAZY_TLB_SHOOTDOWN
509 # This option allows MMU_LAZY_TLB_REFCOUNT=n. It ensures no CPUs are using an
510 # mm as a lazy tlb beyond its last reference count, by shooting down these
511 # users before the mm is deallocated. __mmdrop() first IPIs all CPUs that may
512 # be using the mm as a lazy tlb, so that they may switch themselves to using
513 # init_mm for their active mm. mm_cpumask(mm) is used to determine which CPUs
514 # may be using mm as a lazy tlb mm.
516 # To implement this, an arch *must*:
517 # - At the time of the final mmdrop of the mm, ensure mm_cpumask(mm) contains
518 # at least all possible CPUs in which the mm is lazy.
519 # - It must meet the requirements for MMU_LAZY_TLB_REFCOUNT=n (see above).
520 config MMU_LAZY_TLB_SHOOTDOWN
523 config ARCH_HAVE_NMI_SAFE_CMPXCHG
526 config ARCH_HAS_NMI_SAFE_THIS_CPU_OPS
529 config HAVE_ALIGNED_STRUCT_PAGE
532 This makes sure that struct pages are double word aligned and that
533 e.g. the SLUB allocator can perform double word atomic operations
534 on a struct page for better performance. However selecting this
535 might increase the size of a struct page by a word.
537 config HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
540 config HAVE_CMPXCHG_DOUBLE
543 config ARCH_WEAK_RELEASE_ACQUIRE
546 config ARCH_WANT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
549 config ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
552 config ARCH_WANT_OLD_COMPAT_IPC
553 select ARCH_WANT_COMPAT_IPC_PARSE_VERSION
556 config HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
559 An arch should select this symbol to support seccomp mode 1 (the fixed
560 syscall policy), and must provide an overrides for __NR_seccomp_sigreturn,
561 and compat syscalls if the asm-generic/seccomp.h defaults need adjustment:
562 - __NR_seccomp_read_32
563 - __NR_seccomp_write_32
564 - __NR_seccomp_exit_32
565 - __NR_seccomp_sigreturn_32
567 config HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER
569 select HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
571 An arch should select this symbol if it provides all of these things:
572 - all the requirements for HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
574 - syscall_get_arguments()
576 - syscall_set_return_value()
577 - SIGSYS siginfo_t support
578 - secure_computing is called from a ptrace_event()-safe context
579 - secure_computing return value is checked and a return value of -1
580 results in the system call being skipped immediately.
581 - seccomp syscall wired up
582 - if !HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR, have SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE,
583 SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE_NR, SECCOMP_ARCH_NATIVE_NAME defined. If
584 COMPAT is supported, have the SECCOMP_ARCH_COMPAT* defines too.
587 prompt "Enable seccomp to safely execute untrusted bytecode"
589 depends on HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP
591 This kernel feature is useful for number crunching applications
592 that may need to handle untrusted bytecode during their
593 execution. By using pipes or other transports made available
594 to the process as file descriptors supporting the read/write
595 syscalls, it's possible to isolate those applications in their
596 own address space using seccomp. Once seccomp is enabled via
597 prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP) or the seccomp() syscall, it cannot be
598 disabled and the task is only allowed to execute a few safe
599 syscalls defined by each seccomp mode.
603 config SECCOMP_FILTER
605 depends on HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER && SECCOMP && NET
607 Enable tasks to build secure computing environments defined
608 in terms of Berkeley Packet Filter programs which implement
609 task-defined system call filtering polices.
611 See Documentation/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.rst for details.
613 config SECCOMP_CACHE_DEBUG
614 bool "Show seccomp filter cache status in /proc/pid/seccomp_cache"
615 depends on SECCOMP_FILTER && !HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
618 This enables the /proc/pid/seccomp_cache interface to monitor
619 seccomp cache data. The file format is subject to change. Reading
620 the file requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN.
622 This option is for debugging only. Enabling presents the risk that
623 an adversary may be able to infer the seccomp filter logic.
627 config HAVE_ARCH_STACKLEAK
630 An architecture should select this if it has the code which
631 fills the used part of the kernel stack with the STACKLEAK_POISON
632 value before returning from system calls.
634 config HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR
637 An arch should select this symbol if:
638 - it has implemented a stack canary (e.g. __stack_chk_guard)
640 config STACKPROTECTOR
641 bool "Stack Protector buffer overflow detection"
642 depends on HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR
643 depends on $(cc-option,-fstack-protector)
646 This option turns on the "stack-protector" GCC feature. This
647 feature puts, at the beginning of functions, a canary value on
648 the stack just before the return address, and validates
649 the value just before actually returning. Stack based buffer
650 overflows (that need to overwrite this return address) now also
651 overwrite the canary, which gets detected and the attack is then
652 neutralized via a kernel panic.
654 Functions will have the stack-protector canary logic added if they
655 have an 8-byte or larger character array on the stack.
657 This feature requires gcc version 4.2 or above, or a distribution
658 gcc with the feature backported ("-fstack-protector").
660 On an x86 "defconfig" build, this feature adds canary checks to
661 about 3% of all kernel functions, which increases kernel code size
664 config STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG
665 bool "Strong Stack Protector"
666 depends on STACKPROTECTOR
667 depends on $(cc-option,-fstack-protector-strong)
670 Functions will have the stack-protector canary logic added in any
671 of the following conditions:
673 - local variable's address used as part of the right hand side of an
674 assignment or function argument
675 - local variable is an array (or union containing an array),
676 regardless of array type or length
677 - uses register local variables
679 This feature requires gcc version 4.9 or above, or a distribution
680 gcc with the feature backported ("-fstack-protector-strong").
682 On an x86 "defconfig" build, this feature adds canary checks to
683 about 20% of all kernel functions, which increases the kernel code
686 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
689 An architecture should select this if it supports the compiler's
690 Shadow Call Stack and implements runtime support for shadow stack
693 config SHADOW_CALL_STACK
694 bool "Shadow Call Stack"
695 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_SHADOW_CALL_STACK
696 depends on DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_ARGS || DYNAMIC_FTRACE_WITH_REGS || !FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
698 This option enables the compiler's Shadow Call Stack, which
699 uses a shadow stack to protect function return addresses from
700 being overwritten by an attacker. More information can be found
701 in the compiler's documentation:
703 - Clang: https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ShadowCallStack.html
704 - GCC: https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Instrumentation-Options.html#Instrumentation-Options
706 Note that security guarantees in the kernel differ from the
707 ones documented for user space. The kernel must store addresses
708 of shadow stacks in memory, which means an attacker capable of
709 reading and writing arbitrary memory may be able to locate them
710 and hijack control flow by modifying the stacks.
715 Set by the arch code if it relies on code patching to insert the
716 shadow call stack push and pop instructions rather than on the
722 Selected if the kernel will be built using the compiler's LTO feature.
728 Selected if the kernel will be built using Clang's LTO feature.
730 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG
733 An architecture should select this option if it supports:
734 - compiling with Clang,
735 - compiling inline assembly with Clang's integrated assembler,
736 - and linking with LLD.
738 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG_THIN
741 An architecture should select this option if it can support Clang's
746 depends on CC_IS_CLANG && LD_IS_LLD && AS_IS_LLVM
747 depends on $(success,$(NM) --help | head -n 1 | grep -qi llvm)
748 depends on $(success,$(AR) --help | head -n 1 | grep -qi llvm)
749 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG
750 depends on !FTRACE_MCOUNT_USE_RECORDMCOUNT
751 depends on !KASAN || KASAN_HW_TAGS
752 depends on !GCOV_KERNEL
754 The compiler and Kconfig options support building with Clang's
758 prompt "Link Time Optimization (LTO)"
761 This option enables Link Time Optimization (LTO), which allows the
762 compiler to optimize binaries globally.
764 If unsure, select LTO_NONE. Note that LTO is very resource-intensive
765 so it's disabled by default.
770 Build the kernel normally, without Link Time Optimization (LTO).
772 config LTO_CLANG_FULL
773 bool "Clang Full LTO (EXPERIMENTAL)"
774 depends on HAS_LTO_CLANG
775 depends on !COMPILE_TEST
778 This option enables Clang's full Link Time Optimization (LTO), which
779 allows the compiler to optimize the kernel globally. If you enable
780 this option, the compiler generates LLVM bitcode instead of ELF
781 object files, and the actual compilation from bitcode happens at
782 the LTO link step, which may take several minutes depending on the
783 kernel configuration. More information can be found from LLVM's
786 https://llvm.org/docs/LinkTimeOptimization.html
788 During link time, this option can use a large amount of RAM, and
789 may take much longer than the ThinLTO option.
791 config LTO_CLANG_THIN
792 bool "Clang ThinLTO (EXPERIMENTAL)"
793 depends on HAS_LTO_CLANG && ARCH_SUPPORTS_LTO_CLANG_THIN
796 This option enables Clang's ThinLTO, which allows for parallel
797 optimization and faster incremental compiles compared to the
798 CONFIG_LTO_CLANG_FULL option. More information can be found
799 from Clang's documentation:
801 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ThinLTO.html
806 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI_CLANG
809 An architecture should select this option if it can support Clang's
810 Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) checking.
812 config ARCH_USES_CFI_TRAPS
816 bool "Use Clang's Control Flow Integrity (CFI)"
817 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_CFI_CLANG
818 depends on $(cc-option,-fsanitize=kcfi)
820 This option enables Clang’s forward-edge Control Flow Integrity
821 (CFI) checking, where the compiler injects a runtime check to each
822 indirect function call to ensure the target is a valid function with
823 the correct static type. This restricts possible call targets and
824 makes it more difficult for an attacker to exploit bugs that allow
825 the modification of stored function pointers. More information can be
826 found from Clang's documentation:
828 https://clang.llvm.org/docs/ControlFlowIntegrity.html
830 config CFI_PERMISSIVE
831 bool "Use CFI in permissive mode"
834 When selected, Control Flow Integrity (CFI) violations result in a
835 warning instead of a kernel panic. This option should only be used
836 for finding indirect call type mismatches during development.
840 config HAVE_ARCH_WITHIN_STACK_FRAMES
843 An architecture should select this if it can walk the kernel stack
844 frames to determine if an object is part of either the arguments
845 or local variables (i.e. that it excludes saved return addresses,
846 and similar) by implementing an inline arch_within_stack_frames(),
847 which is used by CONFIG_HARDENED_USERCOPY.
849 config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING_USER
852 Provide kernel/user boundaries probes necessary for subsystems
853 that need it, such as userspace RCU extended quiescent state.
854 Syscalls need to be wrapped inside user_exit()-user_enter(), either
855 optimized behind static key or through the slow path using TIF_NOHZ
856 flag. Exceptions handlers must be wrapped as well. Irqs are already
857 protected inside ct_irq_enter/ct_irq_exit() but preemption or signal
858 handling on irq exit still need to be protected.
860 config HAVE_CONTEXT_TRACKING_USER_OFFSTACK
863 Architecture neither relies on exception_enter()/exception_exit()
864 nor on schedule_user(). Also preempt_schedule_notrace() and
865 preempt_schedule_irq() can't be called in a preemptible section
866 while context tracking is CONTEXT_USER. This feature reflects a sane
867 entry implementation where the following requirements are met on
868 critical entry code, ie: before user_exit() or after user_enter():
870 - Critical entry code isn't preemptible (or better yet:
872 - No use of RCU read side critical sections, unless ct_nmi_enter()
874 - No use of instrumentation, unless instrumentation_begin() got
880 Arch relies on TIF_NOHZ and syscall slow path to implement context
881 tracking calls to user_enter()/user_exit().
883 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
886 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_IDLE
889 Architecture has its own way to account idle CPU time and therefore
890 doesn't implement vtime_account_idle().
892 config ARCH_HAS_SCALED_CPUTIME
895 config HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN
899 With VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN, cputime_t becomes 64-bit.
900 Before enabling this option, arch code must be audited
901 to ensure there are no races in concurrent read/write of
902 cputime_t. For example, reading/writing 64-bit cputime_t on
903 some 32-bit arches may require multiple accesses, so proper
904 locking is needed to protect against concurrent accesses.
906 config HAVE_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING
909 Archs need to ensure they use a high enough resolution clock to
910 support irq time accounting and then call enable_sched_clock_irqtime().
915 Architectures that select this are able to move page tables at the
916 PUD level. If there are only 3 page table levels, the move effectively
917 happens at the PGD level.
922 Archs that select this are able to move page tables at the PMD level.
924 config HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
927 config HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
930 config HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP
934 # Archs that select this would be capable of PMD-sized vmaps (i.e.,
935 # arch_vmap_pmd_supported() returns true). The VM_ALLOW_HUGE_VMAP flag
936 # must be used to enable allocations to use hugepages.
938 config HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMALLOC
939 depends on HAVE_ARCH_HUGE_VMAP
942 config ARCH_WANT_HUGE_PMD_SHARE
945 config HAVE_ARCH_SOFT_DIRTY
948 config HAVE_MOD_ARCH_SPECIFIC
951 The arch uses struct mod_arch_specific to store data. Many arches
952 just need a simple module loader without arch specific data - those
953 should not enable this.
955 config MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
958 Modules only use ELF RELA relocations. Modules with ELF REL
959 relocations will give an error.
961 config MODULES_USE_ELF_REL
964 Modules only use ELF REL relocations. Modules with ELF RELA
965 relocations will give an error.
967 config ARCH_WANTS_MODULES_DATA_IN_VMALLOC
970 For architectures like powerpc/32 which have constraints on module
971 allocation and need to allocate module data outside of module area.
973 config HAVE_IRQ_EXIT_ON_IRQ_STACK
976 Architecture doesn't only execute the irq handler on the irq stack
977 but also irq_exit(). This way we can process softirqs on this irq
978 stack instead of switching to a new one when we call __do_softirq()
979 in the end of an hardirq.
980 This spares a stack switch and improves cache usage on softirq
983 config HAVE_SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK
986 Architecture provides a function to run __do_softirq() on a
989 config SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK
990 def_bool HAVE_SOFTIRQ_ON_OWN_STACK && !PREEMPT_RT
992 config ALTERNATE_USER_ADDRESS_SPACE
995 Architectures set this when the CPU uses separate address
996 spaces for kernel and user space pointers. In this case, the
997 access_ok() check on a __user pointer is skipped.
999 config PGTABLE_LEVELS
1003 config ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
1006 An architecture supports choosing randomized locations for
1007 stack, mmap, brk, and ET_DYN. Defined functions:
1009 - arch_randomize_brk()
1011 config HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
1014 An arch should select this symbol if it supports setting a variable
1015 number of bits for use in establishing the base address for mmap
1016 allocations, has MMU enabled and provides values for both:
1017 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
1018 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
1020 config HAVE_EXIT_THREAD
1023 An architecture implements exit_thread.
1025 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
1028 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
1031 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT
1034 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
1035 int "Number of bits to use for ASLR of mmap base address" if EXPERT
1036 range ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MAX
1037 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT if ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_DEFAULT
1038 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS_MIN
1039 depends on HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_BITS
1041 This value can be used to select the number of bits to use to
1042 determine the random offset to the base address of vma regions
1043 resulting from mmap allocations. This value will be bounded
1044 by the architecture's minimum and maximum supported values.
1046 This value can be changed after boot using the
1047 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_bits tunable
1049 config HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
1052 An arch should select this symbol if it supports running applications
1053 in compatibility mode, supports setting a variable number of bits for
1054 use in establishing the base address for mmap allocations, has MMU
1055 enabled and provides values for both:
1056 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
1057 - ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
1059 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
1062 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
1065 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT
1068 config ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
1069 int "Number of bits to use for ASLR of mmap base address for compatible applications" if EXPERT
1070 range ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MAX
1071 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT if ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_DEFAULT
1072 default ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS_MIN
1073 depends on HAVE_ARCH_MMAP_RND_COMPAT_BITS
1075 This value can be used to select the number of bits to use to
1076 determine the random offset to the base address of vma regions
1077 resulting from mmap allocations for compatible applications This
1078 value will be bounded by the architecture's minimum and maximum
1081 This value can be changed after boot using the
1082 /proc/sys/vm/mmap_rnd_compat_bits tunable
1084 config HAVE_ARCH_COMPAT_MMAP_BASES
1087 This allows 64bit applications to invoke 32-bit mmap() syscall
1088 and vice-versa 32-bit applications to call 64-bit mmap().
1089 Required for applications doing different bitness syscalls.
1091 config PAGE_SIZE_LESS_THAN_64KB
1093 depends on !ARM64_64K_PAGES
1094 depends on !IA64_PAGE_SIZE_64KB
1095 depends on !PAGE_SIZE_64KB
1096 depends on !PARISC_PAGE_SIZE_64KB
1097 depends on PAGE_SIZE_LESS_THAN_256KB
1099 config PAGE_SIZE_LESS_THAN_256KB
1101 depends on !PAGE_SIZE_256KB
1103 # This allows to use a set of generic functions to determine mmap base
1104 # address by giving priority to top-down scheme only if the process
1105 # is not in legacy mode (compat task, unlimited stack size or
1106 # sysctl_legacy_va_layout).
1107 # Architecture that selects this option can provide its own version of:
1109 config ARCH_WANT_DEFAULT_TOPDOWN_MMAP_LAYOUT
1112 select ARCH_HAS_ELF_RANDOMIZE
1117 config HAVE_JUMP_LABEL_HACK
1120 config HAVE_NOINSTR_HACK
1123 config HAVE_NOINSTR_VALIDATION
1126 config HAVE_UACCESS_VALIDATION
1130 config HAVE_STACK_VALIDATION
1133 Architecture supports objtool compile-time frame pointer rule
1136 config HAVE_RELIABLE_STACKTRACE
1139 Architecture has either save_stack_trace_tsk_reliable() or
1140 arch_stack_walk_reliable() function which only returns a stack trace
1141 if it can guarantee the trace is reliable.
1143 config HAVE_ARCH_HASH
1147 If this is set, the architecture provides an <asm/hash.h>
1148 file which provides platform-specific implementations of some
1149 functions in <linux/hash.h> or fs/namei.c.
1151 config HAVE_ARCH_NVRAM_OPS
1160 config CLONE_BACKWARDS
1163 Architecture has tls passed as the 4th argument of clone(2),
1166 config CLONE_BACKWARDS2
1169 Architecture has the first two arguments of clone(2) swapped.
1171 config CLONE_BACKWARDS3
1174 Architecture has tls passed as the 3rd argument of clone(2),
1177 config ODD_RT_SIGACTION
1180 Architecture has unusual rt_sigaction(2) arguments
1182 config OLD_SIGSUSPEND
1185 Architecture has old sigsuspend(2) syscall, of one-argument variety
1187 config OLD_SIGSUSPEND3
1190 Even weirder antique ABI - three-argument sigsuspend(2)
1192 config OLD_SIGACTION
1195 Architecture has old sigaction(2) syscall. Nope, not the same
1196 as OLD_SIGSUSPEND | OLD_SIGSUSPEND3 - alpha has sigsuspend(2),
1197 but fairly different variant of sigaction(2), thanks to OSF/1
1200 config COMPAT_OLD_SIGACTION
1203 config COMPAT_32BIT_TIME
1204 bool "Provide system calls for 32-bit time_t"
1205 default !64BIT || COMPAT
1207 This enables 32 bit time_t support in addition to 64 bit time_t support.
1208 This is relevant on all 32-bit architectures, and 64-bit architectures
1209 as part of compat syscall handling.
1211 config ARCH_NO_PREEMPT
1214 config ARCH_EPHEMERAL_INODES
1217 An arch should select this symbol if it doesn't keep track of inode
1218 instances on its own, but instead relies on something else (e.g. the
1219 host kernel for an UML kernel).
1221 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_RT
1224 config CPU_NO_EFFICIENT_FFS
1227 config HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK
1230 An arch should select this symbol if it can support kernel stacks
1231 in vmalloc space. This means:
1233 - vmalloc space must be large enough to hold many kernel stacks.
1234 This may rule out many 32-bit architectures.
1236 - Stacks in vmalloc space need to work reliably. For example, if
1237 vmap page tables are created on demand, either this mechanism
1238 needs to work while the stack points to a virtual address with
1239 unpopulated page tables or arch code (switch_to() and switch_mm(),
1240 most likely) needs to ensure that the stack's page table entries
1241 are populated before running on a possibly unpopulated stack.
1243 - If the stack overflows into a guard page, something reasonable
1244 should happen. The definition of "reasonable" is flexible, but
1245 instantly rebooting without logging anything would be unfriendly.
1249 bool "Use a virtually-mapped stack"
1250 depends on HAVE_ARCH_VMAP_STACK
1251 depends on !KASAN || KASAN_HW_TAGS || KASAN_VMALLOC
1253 Enable this if you want the use virtually-mapped kernel stacks
1254 with guard pages. This causes kernel stack overflows to be
1255 caught immediately rather than causing difficult-to-diagnose
1258 To use this with software KASAN modes, the architecture must support
1259 backing virtual mappings with real shadow memory, and KASAN_VMALLOC
1262 config HAVE_ARCH_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1265 An arch should select this symbol if it can support kernel stack
1266 offset randomization with calls to add_random_kstack_offset()
1267 during syscall entry and choose_random_kstack_offset() during
1268 syscall exit. Careful removal of -fstack-protector-strong and
1269 -fstack-protector should also be applied to the entry code and
1270 closely examined, as the artificial stack bump looks like an array
1271 to the compiler, so it will attempt to add canary checks regardless
1272 of the static branch state.
1274 config RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1275 bool "Support for randomizing kernel stack offset on syscall entry" if EXPERT
1277 depends on HAVE_ARCH_RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1278 depends on INIT_STACK_NONE || !CC_IS_CLANG || CLANG_VERSION >= 140000
1280 The kernel stack offset can be randomized (after pt_regs) by
1281 roughly 5 bits of entropy, frustrating memory corruption
1282 attacks that depend on stack address determinism or
1283 cross-syscall address exposures.
1285 The feature is controlled via the "randomize_kstack_offset=on/off"
1286 kernel boot param, and if turned off has zero overhead due to its use
1287 of static branches (see JUMP_LABEL).
1291 config RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET_DEFAULT
1292 bool "Default state of kernel stack offset randomization"
1293 depends on RANDOMIZE_KSTACK_OFFSET
1295 Kernel stack offset randomization is controlled by kernel boot param
1296 "randomize_kstack_offset=on/off", and this config chooses the default
1299 config ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1302 config ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1305 config ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1308 config STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1309 bool "Make kernel text and rodata read-only" if ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1310 depends on ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
1311 default !ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX || ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1313 If this is set, kernel text and rodata memory will be made read-only,
1314 and non-text memory will be made non-executable. This provides
1315 protection against certain security exploits (e.g. executing the heap
1318 These features are considered standard security practice these days.
1319 You should say Y here in almost all cases.
1321 config ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX
1324 config STRICT_MODULE_RWX
1325 bool "Set loadable kernel module data as NX and text as RO" if ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX
1326 depends on ARCH_HAS_STRICT_MODULE_RWX && MODULES
1327 default !ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX || ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
1329 If this is set, module text and rodata memory will be made read-only,
1330 and non-text memory will be made non-executable. This provides
1331 protection against certain security exploits (e.g. writing to text)
1333 # select if the architecture provides an asm/dma-direct.h header
1334 config ARCH_HAS_PHYS_TO_DMA
1337 config HAVE_ARCH_COMPILER_H
1340 An architecture can select this if it provides an
1341 asm/compiler.h header that should be included after
1342 linux/compiler-*.h in order to override macro definitions that those
1343 headers generally provide.
1345 config HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
1348 May be selected by an architecture if it supports place-relative
1349 32-bit relocations, both in the toolchain and in the module loader,
1350 in which case relative references can be used in special sections
1351 for PCI fixup, initcalls etc which are only half the size on 64 bit
1352 architectures, and don't require runtime relocation on relocatable
1355 config ARCH_USE_MEMREMAP_PROT
1358 config LOCK_EVENT_COUNTS
1359 bool "Locking event counts collection"
1362 Enable light-weight counting of various locking related events
1363 in the system with minimal performance impact. This reduces
1364 the chance of application behavior change because of timing
1365 differences. The counts are reported via debugfs.
1367 # Select if the architecture has support for applying RELR relocations.
1368 config ARCH_HAS_RELR
1372 bool "Use RELR relocation packing"
1373 depends on ARCH_HAS_RELR && TOOLS_SUPPORT_RELR
1376 Store the kernel's dynamic relocations in the RELR relocation packing
1377 format. Requires a compatible linker (LLD supports this feature), as
1378 well as compatible NM and OBJCOPY utilities (llvm-nm and llvm-objcopy
1381 config ARCH_HAS_MEM_ENCRYPT
1384 config ARCH_HAS_CC_PLATFORM
1387 config HAVE_SPARSE_SYSCALL_NR
1390 An architecture should select this if its syscall numbering is sparse
1391 to save space. For example, MIPS architecture has a syscall array with
1392 entries at 4000, 5000 and 6000 locations. This option turns on syscall
1393 related optimizations for a given architecture.
1395 config ARCH_HAS_VDSO_DATA
1398 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1401 config HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE
1403 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1406 config HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
1409 config HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC_CALL
1411 depends on HAVE_STATIC_CALL
1412 select HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
1414 An architecture should select this if it can handle the preemption
1415 model being selected at boot time using static calls.
1417 Where an architecture selects HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE, any call to a
1418 preemption function will be patched directly.
1420 Where an architecture does not select HAVE_STATIC_CALL_INLINE, any
1421 call to a preemption function will go through a trampoline, and the
1422 trampoline will be patched.
1424 It is strongly advised to support inline static call to avoid any
1427 config HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC_KEY
1429 depends on HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
1430 select HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
1432 An architecture should select this if it can handle the preemption
1433 model being selected at boot time using static keys.
1435 Each preemption function will be given an early return based on a
1436 static key. This should have slightly lower overhead than non-inline
1437 static calls, as this effectively inlines each trampoline into the
1438 start of its callee. This may avoid redundant work, and may
1439 integrate better with CFI schemes.
1441 This will have greater overhead than using inline static calls as
1442 the call to the preemption function cannot be entirely elided.
1444 config ARCH_WANT_LD_ORPHAN_WARN
1447 An arch should select this symbol once all linker sections are explicitly
1448 included, size-asserted, or discarded in the linker scripts. This is
1449 important because we never want expected sections to be placed heuristically
1450 by the linker, since the locations of such sections can change between linker
1453 config HAVE_ARCH_PFN_VALID
1456 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC
1459 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_PAGE_TABLE_CHECK
1462 config ARCH_SPLIT_ARG64
1465 If a 32-bit architecture requires 64-bit arguments to be split into
1466 pairs of 32-bit arguments, select this option.
1468 config ARCH_HAS_ELFCORE_COMPAT
1471 config ARCH_HAS_PARANOID_L1D_FLUSH
1474 config ARCH_HAVE_TRACE_MMIO_ACCESS
1477 config DYNAMIC_SIGFRAME
1480 # Select, if arch has a named attribute group bound to NUMA device nodes.
1481 config HAVE_ARCH_NODE_DEV_GROUP
1484 config ARCH_HAS_NONLEAF_PMD_YOUNG
1487 Architectures that select this option are capable of setting the
1488 accessed bit in non-leaf PMD entries when using them as part of linear
1489 address translations. Page table walkers that clear the accessed bit
1490 may use this capability to reduce their search space.
1492 source "kernel/gcov/Kconfig"
1494 source "scripts/gcc-plugins/Kconfig"
1496 config FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B
1499 config FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_8B
1502 config FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_16B
1505 config FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_32B
1508 config FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_64B
1511 config FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT
1513 default 64 if FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_64B
1514 default 32 if FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_32B
1515 default 16 if FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_16B
1516 default 8 if FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_8B
1517 default 4 if FUNCTION_ALIGNMENT_4B