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device-core: Ensure drvdata = NULL when no driver is bound
[linux.git] / drivers / base / dd.c
1 /*
2  * drivers/base/dd.c - The core device/driver interactions.
3  *
4  * This file contains the (sometimes tricky) code that controls the
5  * interactions between devices and drivers, which primarily includes
6  * driver binding and unbinding.
7  *
8  * All of this code used to exist in drivers/base/bus.c, but was
9  * relocated to here in the name of compartmentalization (since it wasn't
10  * strictly code just for the 'struct bus_type'.
11  *
12  * Copyright (c) 2002-5 Patrick Mochel
13  * Copyright (c) 2002-3 Open Source Development Labs
14  * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Greg Kroah-Hartman <[email protected]>
15  * Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Novell Inc.
16  *
17  * This file is released under the GPLv2
18  */
19
20 #include <linux/device.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/module.h>
23 #include <linux/kthread.h>
24 #include <linux/wait.h>
25 #include <linux/async.h>
26 #include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
27
28 #include "base.h"
29 #include "power/power.h"
30
31 /*
32  * Deferred Probe infrastructure.
33  *
34  * Sometimes driver probe order matters, but the kernel doesn't always have
35  * dependency information which means some drivers will get probed before a
36  * resource it depends on is available.  For example, an SDHCI driver may
37  * first need a GPIO line from an i2c GPIO controller before it can be
38  * initialized.  If a required resource is not available yet, a driver can
39  * request probing to be deferred by returning -EPROBE_DEFER from its probe hook
40  *
41  * Deferred probe maintains two lists of devices, a pending list and an active
42  * list.  A driver returning -EPROBE_DEFER causes the device to be added to the
43  * pending list.  A successful driver probe will trigger moving all devices
44  * from the pending to the active list so that the workqueue will eventually
45  * retry them.
46  *
47  * The deferred_probe_mutex must be held any time the deferred_probe_*_list
48  * of the (struct device*)->p->deferred_probe pointers are manipulated
49  */
50 static DEFINE_MUTEX(deferred_probe_mutex);
51 static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_pending_list);
52 static LIST_HEAD(deferred_probe_active_list);
53 static struct workqueue_struct *deferred_wq;
54
55 /**
56  * deferred_probe_work_func() - Retry probing devices in the active list.
57  */
58 static void deferred_probe_work_func(struct work_struct *work)
59 {
60         struct device *dev;
61         struct device_private *private;
62         /*
63          * This block processes every device in the deferred 'active' list.
64          * Each device is removed from the active list and passed to
65          * bus_probe_device() to re-attempt the probe.  The loop continues
66          * until every device in the active list is removed and retried.
67          *
68          * Note: Once the device is removed from the list and the mutex is
69          * released, it is possible for the device get freed by another thread
70          * and cause a illegal pointer dereference.  This code uses
71          * get/put_device() to ensure the device structure cannot disappear
72          * from under our feet.
73          */
74         mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
75         while (!list_empty(&deferred_probe_active_list)) {
76                 private = list_first_entry(&deferred_probe_active_list,
77                                         typeof(*dev->p), deferred_probe);
78                 dev = private->device;
79                 list_del_init(&private->deferred_probe);
80
81                 get_device(dev);
82
83                 /*
84                  * Drop the mutex while probing each device; the probe path may
85                  * manipulate the deferred list
86                  */
87                 mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
88                 dev_dbg(dev, "Retrying from deferred list\n");
89                 bus_probe_device(dev);
90                 mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
91
92                 put_device(dev);
93         }
94         mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
95 }
96 static DECLARE_WORK(deferred_probe_work, deferred_probe_work_func);
97
98 static void driver_deferred_probe_add(struct device *dev)
99 {
100         mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
101         if (list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) {
102                 dev_dbg(dev, "Added to deferred list\n");
103                 list_add(&dev->p->deferred_probe, &deferred_probe_pending_list);
104         }
105         mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
106 }
107
108 void driver_deferred_probe_del(struct device *dev)
109 {
110         mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
111         if (!list_empty(&dev->p->deferred_probe)) {
112                 dev_dbg(dev, "Removed from deferred list\n");
113                 list_del_init(&dev->p->deferred_probe);
114         }
115         mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
116 }
117
118 static bool driver_deferred_probe_enable = false;
119 /**
120  * driver_deferred_probe_trigger() - Kick off re-probing deferred devices
121  *
122  * This functions moves all devices from the pending list to the active
123  * list and schedules the deferred probe workqueue to process them.  It
124  * should be called anytime a driver is successfully bound to a device.
125  */
126 static void driver_deferred_probe_trigger(void)
127 {
128         if (!driver_deferred_probe_enable)
129                 return;
130
131         /*
132          * A successful probe means that all the devices in the pending list
133          * should be triggered to be reprobed.  Move all the deferred devices
134          * into the active list so they can be retried by the workqueue
135          */
136         mutex_lock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
137         list_splice_tail_init(&deferred_probe_pending_list,
138                               &deferred_probe_active_list);
139         mutex_unlock(&deferred_probe_mutex);
140
141         /*
142          * Kick the re-probe thread.  It may already be scheduled, but it is
143          * safe to kick it again.
144          */
145         queue_work(deferred_wq, &deferred_probe_work);
146 }
147
148 /**
149  * deferred_probe_initcall() - Enable probing of deferred devices
150  *
151  * We don't want to get in the way when the bulk of drivers are getting probed.
152  * Instead, this initcall makes sure that deferred probing is delayed until
153  * late_initcall time.
154  */
155 static int deferred_probe_initcall(void)
156 {
157         deferred_wq = create_singlethread_workqueue("deferwq");
158         if (WARN_ON(!deferred_wq))
159                 return -ENOMEM;
160
161         driver_deferred_probe_enable = true;
162         driver_deferred_probe_trigger();
163         return 0;
164 }
165 late_initcall(deferred_probe_initcall);
166
167 static void driver_bound(struct device *dev)
168 {
169         if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) {
170                 printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: device %s already bound\n",
171                         __func__, kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
172                 return;
173         }
174
175         pr_debug("driver: '%s': %s: bound to device '%s'\n", dev_name(dev),
176                  __func__, dev->driver->name);
177
178         klist_add_tail(&dev->p->knode_driver, &dev->driver->p->klist_devices);
179
180         /*
181          * Make sure the device is no longer in one of the deferred lists and
182          * kick off retrying all pending devices
183          */
184         driver_deferred_probe_del(dev);
185         driver_deferred_probe_trigger();
186
187         if (dev->bus)
188                 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
189                                              BUS_NOTIFY_BOUND_DRIVER, dev);
190 }
191
192 static int driver_sysfs_add(struct device *dev)
193 {
194         int ret;
195
196         if (dev->bus)
197                 blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
198                                              BUS_NOTIFY_BIND_DRIVER, dev);
199
200         ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj, &dev->kobj,
201                           kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
202         if (ret == 0) {
203                 ret = sysfs_create_link(&dev->kobj, &dev->driver->p->kobj,
204                                         "driver");
205                 if (ret)
206                         sysfs_remove_link(&dev->driver->p->kobj,
207                                         kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
208         }
209         return ret;
210 }
211
212 static void driver_sysfs_remove(struct device *dev)
213 {
214         struct device_driver *drv = dev->driver;
215
216         if (drv) {
217                 sysfs_remove_link(&drv->p->kobj, kobject_name(&dev->kobj));
218                 sysfs_remove_link(&dev->kobj, "driver");
219         }
220 }
221
222 /**
223  * device_bind_driver - bind a driver to one device.
224  * @dev: device.
225  *
226  * Allow manual attachment of a driver to a device.
227  * Caller must have already set @dev->driver.
228  *
229  * Note that this does not modify the bus reference count
230  * nor take the bus's rwsem. Please verify those are accounted
231  * for before calling this. (It is ok to call with no other effort
232  * from a driver's probe() method.)
233  *
234  * This function must be called with the device lock held.
235  */
236 int device_bind_driver(struct device *dev)
237 {
238         int ret;
239
240         ret = driver_sysfs_add(dev);
241         if (!ret)
242                 driver_bound(dev);
243         return ret;
244 }
245 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_bind_driver);
246
247 static atomic_t probe_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
248 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(probe_waitqueue);
249
250 static int really_probe(struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
251 {
252         int ret = 0;
253
254         atomic_inc(&probe_count);
255         pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: probing driver %s with device %s\n",
256                  drv->bus->name, __func__, drv->name, dev_name(dev));
257         WARN_ON(!list_empty(&dev->devres_head));
258
259         dev->driver = drv;
260         if (driver_sysfs_add(dev)) {
261                 printk(KERN_ERR "%s: driver_sysfs_add(%s) failed\n",
262                         __func__, dev_name(dev));
263                 goto probe_failed;
264         }
265
266         if (dev->bus->probe) {
267                 ret = dev->bus->probe(dev);
268                 if (ret)
269                         goto probe_failed;
270         } else if (drv->probe) {
271                 ret = drv->probe(dev);
272                 if (ret)
273                         goto probe_failed;
274         }
275
276         driver_bound(dev);
277         ret = 1;
278         pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: bound device %s to driver %s\n",
279                  drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
280         goto done;
281
282 probe_failed:
283         devres_release_all(dev);
284         driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
285         dev->driver = NULL;
286         dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL);
287
288         if (ret == -EPROBE_DEFER) {
289                 /* Driver requested deferred probing */
290                 dev_info(dev, "Driver %s requests probe deferral\n", drv->name);
291                 driver_deferred_probe_add(dev);
292         } else if (ret != -ENODEV && ret != -ENXIO) {
293                 /* driver matched but the probe failed */
294                 printk(KERN_WARNING
295                        "%s: probe of %s failed with error %d\n",
296                        drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
297         } else {
298                 pr_debug("%s: probe of %s rejects match %d\n",
299                        drv->name, dev_name(dev), ret);
300         }
301         /*
302          * Ignore errors returned by ->probe so that the next driver can try
303          * its luck.
304          */
305         ret = 0;
306 done:
307         atomic_dec(&probe_count);
308         wake_up(&probe_waitqueue);
309         return ret;
310 }
311
312 /**
313  * driver_probe_done
314  * Determine if the probe sequence is finished or not.
315  *
316  * Should somehow figure out how to use a semaphore, not an atomic variable...
317  */
318 int driver_probe_done(void)
319 {
320         pr_debug("%s: probe_count = %d\n", __func__,
321                  atomic_read(&probe_count));
322         if (atomic_read(&probe_count))
323                 return -EBUSY;
324         return 0;
325 }
326
327 /**
328  * wait_for_device_probe
329  * Wait for device probing to be completed.
330  */
331 void wait_for_device_probe(void)
332 {
333         /* wait for the known devices to complete their probing */
334         wait_event(probe_waitqueue, atomic_read(&probe_count) == 0);
335         async_synchronize_full();
336 }
337 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wait_for_device_probe);
338
339 /**
340  * driver_probe_device - attempt to bind device & driver together
341  * @drv: driver to bind a device to
342  * @dev: device to try to bind to the driver
343  *
344  * This function returns -ENODEV if the device is not registered,
345  * 1 if the device is bound successfully and 0 otherwise.
346  *
347  * This function must be called with @dev lock held.  When called for a
348  * USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well.
349  */
350 int driver_probe_device(struct device_driver *drv, struct device *dev)
351 {
352         int ret = 0;
353
354         if (!device_is_registered(dev))
355                 return -ENODEV;
356
357         pr_debug("bus: '%s': %s: matched device %s with driver %s\n",
358                  drv->bus->name, __func__, dev_name(dev), drv->name);
359
360         pm_runtime_get_noresume(dev);
361         pm_runtime_barrier(dev);
362         ret = really_probe(dev, drv);
363         pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
364
365         return ret;
366 }
367
368 static int __device_attach(struct device_driver *drv, void *data)
369 {
370         struct device *dev = data;
371
372         if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
373                 return 0;
374
375         return driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
376 }
377
378 /**
379  * device_attach - try to attach device to a driver.
380  * @dev: device.
381  *
382  * Walk the list of drivers that the bus has and call
383  * driver_probe_device() for each pair. If a compatible
384  * pair is found, break out and return.
385  *
386  * Returns 1 if the device was bound to a driver;
387  * 0 if no matching driver was found;
388  * -ENODEV if the device is not registered.
389  *
390  * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held.
391  */
392 int device_attach(struct device *dev)
393 {
394         int ret = 0;
395
396         device_lock(dev);
397         if (dev->driver) {
398                 if (klist_node_attached(&dev->p->knode_driver)) {
399                         ret = 1;
400                         goto out_unlock;
401                 }
402                 ret = device_bind_driver(dev);
403                 if (ret == 0)
404                         ret = 1;
405                 else {
406                         dev->driver = NULL;
407                         ret = 0;
408                 }
409         } else {
410                 pm_runtime_get_noresume(dev);
411                 ret = bus_for_each_drv(dev->bus, NULL, dev, __device_attach);
412                 pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
413         }
414 out_unlock:
415         device_unlock(dev);
416         return ret;
417 }
418 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_attach);
419
420 static int __driver_attach(struct device *dev, void *data)
421 {
422         struct device_driver *drv = data;
423
424         /*
425          * Lock device and try to bind to it. We drop the error
426          * here and always return 0, because we need to keep trying
427          * to bind to devices and some drivers will return an error
428          * simply if it didn't support the device.
429          *
430          * driver_probe_device() will spit a warning if there
431          * is an error.
432          */
433
434         if (!driver_match_device(drv, dev))
435                 return 0;
436
437         if (dev->parent)        /* Needed for USB */
438                 device_lock(dev->parent);
439         device_lock(dev);
440         if (!dev->driver)
441                 driver_probe_device(drv, dev);
442         device_unlock(dev);
443         if (dev->parent)
444                 device_unlock(dev->parent);
445
446         return 0;
447 }
448
449 /**
450  * driver_attach - try to bind driver to devices.
451  * @drv: driver.
452  *
453  * Walk the list of devices that the bus has on it and try to
454  * match the driver with each one.  If driver_probe_device()
455  * returns 0 and the @dev->driver is set, we've found a
456  * compatible pair.
457  */
458 int driver_attach(struct device_driver *drv)
459 {
460         return bus_for_each_dev(drv->bus, NULL, drv, __driver_attach);
461 }
462 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(driver_attach);
463
464 /*
465  * __device_release_driver() must be called with @dev lock held.
466  * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held as well.
467  */
468 static void __device_release_driver(struct device *dev)
469 {
470         struct device_driver *drv;
471
472         drv = dev->driver;
473         if (drv) {
474                 pm_runtime_get_sync(dev);
475
476                 driver_sysfs_remove(dev);
477
478                 if (dev->bus)
479                         blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
480                                                      BUS_NOTIFY_UNBIND_DRIVER,
481                                                      dev);
482
483                 pm_runtime_put_sync(dev);
484
485                 if (dev->bus && dev->bus->remove)
486                         dev->bus->remove(dev);
487                 else if (drv->remove)
488                         drv->remove(dev);
489                 devres_release_all(dev);
490                 dev->driver = NULL;
491                 dev_set_drvdata(dev, NULL);
492                 klist_remove(&dev->p->knode_driver);
493                 if (dev->bus)
494                         blocking_notifier_call_chain(&dev->bus->p->bus_notifier,
495                                                      BUS_NOTIFY_UNBOUND_DRIVER,
496                                                      dev);
497
498         }
499 }
500
501 /**
502  * device_release_driver - manually detach device from driver.
503  * @dev: device.
504  *
505  * Manually detach device from driver.
506  * When called for a USB interface, @dev->parent lock must be held.
507  */
508 void device_release_driver(struct device *dev)
509 {
510         /*
511          * If anyone calls device_release_driver() recursively from
512          * within their ->remove callback for the same device, they
513          * will deadlock right here.
514          */
515         device_lock(dev);
516         __device_release_driver(dev);
517         device_unlock(dev);
518 }
519 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(device_release_driver);
520
521 /**
522  * driver_detach - detach driver from all devices it controls.
523  * @drv: driver.
524  */
525 void driver_detach(struct device_driver *drv)
526 {
527         struct device_private *dev_prv;
528         struct device *dev;
529
530         for (;;) {
531                 spin_lock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
532                 if (list_empty(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_list)) {
533                         spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
534                         break;
535                 }
536                 dev_prv = list_entry(drv->p->klist_devices.k_list.prev,
537                                      struct device_private,
538                                      knode_driver.n_node);
539                 dev = dev_prv->device;
540                 get_device(dev);
541                 spin_unlock(&drv->p->klist_devices.k_lock);
542
543                 if (dev->parent)        /* Needed for USB */
544                         device_lock(dev->parent);
545                 device_lock(dev);
546                 if (dev->driver == drv)
547                         __device_release_driver(dev);
548                 device_unlock(dev);
549                 if (dev->parent)
550                         device_unlock(dev->parent);
551                 put_device(dev);
552         }
553 }
554
555 /*
556  * These exports can't be _GPL due to .h files using this within them, and it
557  * might break something that was previously working...
558  */
559 void *dev_get_drvdata(const struct device *dev)
560 {
561         if (dev && dev->p)
562                 return dev->p->driver_data;
563         return NULL;
564 }
565 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_get_drvdata);
566
567 int dev_set_drvdata(struct device *dev, void *data)
568 {
569         int error;
570
571         if (!dev->p) {
572                 error = device_private_init(dev);
573                 if (error)
574                         return error;
575         }
576         dev->p->driver_data = data;
577         return 0;
578 }
579 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_set_drvdata);
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