1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
3 * Runtime locking correctness validator
6 * Copyright (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
8 * see Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.txt for more details.
10 #ifndef __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H
11 #define __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H
17 extern int prove_locking;
20 #define MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES 8UL
22 #include <linux/types.h>
26 #include <linux/linkage.h>
27 #include <linux/list.h>
28 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
29 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
32 * We'd rather not expose kernel/lockdep_states.h this wide, but we do need
33 * the total number of states... :-(
35 #define XXX_LOCK_USAGE_STATES (1+2*4)
38 * NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES ... Number of classes
39 * cached in the instance of lockdep_map
41 * Currently main class (subclass == 0) and signle depth subclass
42 * are cached in lockdep_map. This optimization is mainly targeting
43 * on rq->lock. double_rq_lock() acquires this highly competitive with
46 #define NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES 2
49 * Lock-classes are keyed via unique addresses, by embedding the
50 * lockclass-key into the kernel (or module) .data section. (For
51 * static locks we use the lock address itself as the key.)
53 struct lockdep_subclass_key {
55 } __attribute__ ((__packed__));
57 struct lock_class_key {
58 struct lockdep_subclass_key subkeys[MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES];
61 extern struct lock_class_key __lockdep_no_validate__;
63 #define LOCKSTAT_POINTS 4
66 * The lock-class itself:
72 struct hlist_node hash_entry;
75 * global list of all lock-classes:
77 struct list_head lock_entry;
79 struct lockdep_subclass_key *key;
80 unsigned int subclass;
81 unsigned int dep_gen_id;
84 * IRQ/softirq usage tracking bits:
86 unsigned long usage_mask;
87 struct stack_trace usage_traces[XXX_LOCK_USAGE_STATES];
90 * These fields represent a directed graph of lock dependencies,
91 * to every node we attach a list of "forward" and a list of
92 * "backward" graph nodes.
94 struct list_head locks_after, locks_before;
97 * Generation counter, when doing certain classes of graph walking,
98 * to ensure that we check one node only once:
100 unsigned int version;
103 * Statistics counter:
110 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
111 unsigned long contention_point[LOCKSTAT_POINTS];
112 unsigned long contending_point[LOCKSTAT_POINTS];
116 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
125 bounce_acquired_write,
126 bounce_acquired_read,
127 bounce_contended_write,
128 bounce_contended_read,
131 bounce_acquired = bounce_acquired_write,
132 bounce_contended = bounce_contended_write,
135 struct lock_class_stats {
136 unsigned long contention_point[LOCKSTAT_POINTS];
137 unsigned long contending_point[LOCKSTAT_POINTS];
138 struct lock_time read_waittime;
139 struct lock_time write_waittime;
140 struct lock_time read_holdtime;
141 struct lock_time write_holdtime;
142 unsigned long bounces[nr_bounce_types];
145 struct lock_class_stats lock_stats(struct lock_class *class);
146 void clear_lock_stats(struct lock_class *class);
150 * Map the lock object (the lock instance) to the lock-class object.
151 * This is embedded into specific lock instances:
154 struct lock_class_key *key;
155 struct lock_class *class_cache[NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES];
157 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
161 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE
163 * Whether it's a crosslock.
169 static inline void lockdep_copy_map(struct lockdep_map *to,
170 struct lockdep_map *from)
176 * Since the class cache can be modified concurrently we could observe
177 * half pointers (64bit arch using 32bit copy insns). Therefore clear
178 * the caches and take the performance hit.
180 * XXX it doesn't work well with lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(), since
181 * that relies on cache abuse.
183 for (i = 0; i < NR_LOCKDEP_CACHING_CLASSES; i++)
184 to->class_cache[i] = NULL;
188 * Every lock has a list of other locks that were taken after it.
189 * We only grow the list, never remove from it:
192 struct list_head entry;
193 struct lock_class *class;
194 struct stack_trace trace;
198 * The parent field is used to implement breadth-first search, and the
199 * bit 0 is reused to indicate if the lock has been accessed in BFS.
201 struct lock_list *parent;
205 * We record lock dependency chains, so that we can cache them:
208 /* see BUILD_BUG_ON()s in lookup_chain_cache() */
209 unsigned int irq_context : 2,
213 struct hlist_node entry;
217 #define MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS 13
219 * Subtract one because we offset hlock->class_idx by 1 in order
220 * to make 0 mean no class. This avoids overflowing the class_idx
221 * bitfield and hitting the BUG in hlock_class().
223 #define MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS ((1UL << MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS) - 1)
227 * One-way hash of the dependency chain up to this point. We
228 * hash the hashes step by step as the dependency chain grows.
230 * We use it for dependency-caching and we skip detection
231 * passes and dependency-updates if there is a cache-hit, so
232 * it is absolutely critical for 100% coverage of the validator
233 * to have a unique key value for every unique dependency path
234 * that can occur in the system, to make a unique hash value
235 * as likely as possible - hence the 64-bit width.
237 * The task struct holds the current hash value (initialized
238 * with zero), here we store the previous hash value:
241 unsigned long acquire_ip;
242 struct lockdep_map *instance;
243 struct lockdep_map *nest_lock;
244 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
248 unsigned int class_idx:MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS_BITS;
250 * The lock-stack is unified in that the lock chains of interrupt
251 * contexts nest ontop of process context chains, but we 'separate'
252 * the hashes by starting with 0 if we cross into an interrupt
253 * context, and we also keep do not add cross-context lock
254 * dependencies - the lock usage graph walking covers that area
255 * anyway, and we'd just unnecessarily increase the number of
256 * dependencies otherwise. [Note: hardirq and softirq contexts
257 * are separated from each other too.]
259 * The following field is used to detect when we cross into an
262 unsigned int irq_context:2; /* bit 0 - soft, bit 1 - hard */
263 unsigned int trylock:1; /* 16 bits */
265 unsigned int read:2; /* see lock_acquire() comment */
266 unsigned int check:1; /* see lock_acquire() comment */
267 unsigned int hardirqs_off:1;
268 unsigned int references:12; /* 32 bits */
269 unsigned int pin_count;
270 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE
274 * A value of cross_gen_id will be stored when holding this,
275 * which is globally increased whenever each crosslock is held.
281 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE
282 #define MAX_XHLOCK_TRACE_ENTRIES 5
285 * This is for keeping locks waiting for commit so that true dependencies
286 * can be added at commit step.
290 * Id for each entry in the ring buffer. This is used to
291 * decide whether the ring buffer was overwritten or not.
295 * |<----------- hist_lock ring buffer size ------->|
296 * pppppppppppppppppppppiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
297 * wrapped > iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii.......................
299 * where 'p' represents an acquisition in process
300 * context, 'i' represents an acquisition in irq
303 * In this example, the ring buffer was overwritten by
304 * acquisitions in irq context, that should be detected on
305 * rollback or commit.
307 unsigned int hist_id;
310 * Seperate stack_trace data. This will be used at commit step.
312 struct stack_trace trace;
313 unsigned long trace_entries[MAX_XHLOCK_TRACE_ENTRIES];
316 * Seperate hlock instance. This will be used at commit step.
318 * TODO: Use a smaller data structure containing only necessary
319 * data. However, we should make lockdep code able to handle the
322 struct held_lock hlock;
326 * To initialize a lock as crosslock, lockdep_init_map_crosslock() should
327 * be called instead of lockdep_init_map().
331 * When more than one acquisition of crosslocks are overlapped,
332 * we have to perform commit for them based on cross_gen_id of
333 * the first acquisition, which allows us to add more true
336 * Moreover, when no acquisition of a crosslock is in progress,
337 * we should not perform commit because the lock might not exist
338 * any more, which might cause incorrect memory access. So we
339 * have to track the number of acquisitions of a crosslock.
344 * Seperate hlock instance. This will be used at commit step.
346 * TODO: Use a smaller data structure containing only necessary
347 * data. However, we should make lockdep code able to handle the
350 struct held_lock hlock;
353 struct lockdep_map_cross {
354 struct lockdep_map map;
355 struct cross_lock xlock;
360 * Initialization, self-test and debugging-output methods:
362 extern void lockdep_info(void);
363 extern void lockdep_reset(void);
364 extern void lockdep_reset_lock(struct lockdep_map *lock);
365 extern void lockdep_free_key_range(void *start, unsigned long size);
366 extern asmlinkage void lockdep_sys_exit(void);
368 extern void lockdep_off(void);
369 extern void lockdep_on(void);
372 * These methods are used by specific locking variants (spinlocks,
373 * rwlocks, mutexes and rwsems) to pass init/acquire/release events
377 extern void lockdep_init_map(struct lockdep_map *lock, const char *name,
378 struct lock_class_key *key, int subclass);
381 * Reinitialize a lock key - for cases where there is special locking or
382 * special initialization of locks so that the validator gets the scope
383 * of dependencies wrong: they are either too broad (they need a class-split)
384 * or they are too narrow (they suffer from a false class-split):
386 #define lockdep_set_class(lock, key) \
387 lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #key, key, 0)
388 #define lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, key, name) \
389 lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, name, key, 0)
390 #define lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(lock, key, sub) \
391 lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #key, key, sub)
392 #define lockdep_set_subclass(lock, sub) \
393 lockdep_init_map(&(lock)->dep_map, #lock, \
394 (lock)->dep_map.key, sub)
396 #define lockdep_set_novalidate_class(lock) \
397 lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, &__lockdep_no_validate__, #lock)
399 * Compare locking classes
401 #define lockdep_match_class(lock, key) lockdep_match_key(&(lock)->dep_map, key)
403 static inline int lockdep_match_key(struct lockdep_map *lock,
404 struct lock_class_key *key)
406 return lock->key == key;
414 * 0: exclusive (write) acquire
415 * 1: read-acquire (no recursion allowed)
416 * 2: read-acquire with same-instance recursion allowed
420 * 0: simple checks (freeing, held-at-exit-time, etc.)
423 extern void lock_acquire(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned int subclass,
424 int trylock, int read, int check,
425 struct lockdep_map *nest_lock, unsigned long ip);
427 extern void lock_release(struct lockdep_map *lock, int nested,
431 * Same "read" as for lock_acquire(), except -1 means any.
433 extern int lock_is_held_type(struct lockdep_map *lock, int read);
435 static inline int lock_is_held(struct lockdep_map *lock)
437 return lock_is_held_type(lock, -1);
440 #define lockdep_is_held(lock) lock_is_held(&(lock)->dep_map)
441 #define lockdep_is_held_type(lock, r) lock_is_held_type(&(lock)->dep_map, (r))
443 extern void lock_set_class(struct lockdep_map *lock, const char *name,
444 struct lock_class_key *key, unsigned int subclass,
447 static inline void lock_set_subclass(struct lockdep_map *lock,
448 unsigned int subclass, unsigned long ip)
450 lock_set_class(lock, lock->name, lock->key, subclass, ip);
453 extern void lock_downgrade(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned long ip);
455 struct pin_cookie { unsigned int val; };
457 #define NIL_COOKIE (struct pin_cookie){ .val = 0U, }
459 extern struct pin_cookie lock_pin_lock(struct lockdep_map *lock);
460 extern void lock_repin_lock(struct lockdep_map *lock, struct pin_cookie);
461 extern void lock_unpin_lock(struct lockdep_map *lock, struct pin_cookie);
463 # define INIT_LOCKDEP .lockdep_recursion = 0,
465 #define lockdep_depth(tsk) (debug_locks ? (tsk)->lockdep_depth : 0)
467 #define lockdep_assert_held(l) do { \
468 WARN_ON(debug_locks && !lockdep_is_held(l)); \
471 #define lockdep_assert_held_exclusive(l) do { \
472 WARN_ON(debug_locks && !lockdep_is_held_type(l, 0)); \
475 #define lockdep_assert_held_read(l) do { \
476 WARN_ON(debug_locks && !lockdep_is_held_type(l, 1)); \
479 #define lockdep_assert_held_once(l) do { \
480 WARN_ON_ONCE(debug_locks && !lockdep_is_held(l)); \
483 #define lockdep_recursing(tsk) ((tsk)->lockdep_recursion)
485 #define lockdep_pin_lock(l) lock_pin_lock(&(l)->dep_map)
486 #define lockdep_repin_lock(l,c) lock_repin_lock(&(l)->dep_map, (c))
487 #define lockdep_unpin_lock(l,c) lock_unpin_lock(&(l)->dep_map, (c))
489 #else /* !CONFIG_LOCKDEP */
491 static inline void lockdep_off(void)
495 static inline void lockdep_on(void)
499 # define lock_acquire(l, s, t, r, c, n, i) do { } while (0)
500 # define lock_release(l, n, i) do { } while (0)
501 # define lock_downgrade(l, i) do { } while (0)
502 # define lock_set_class(l, n, k, s, i) do { } while (0)
503 # define lock_set_subclass(l, s, i) do { } while (0)
504 # define lockdep_info() do { } while (0)
505 # define lockdep_init_map(lock, name, key, sub) \
506 do { (void)(name); (void)(key); } while (0)
507 # define lockdep_set_class(lock, key) do { (void)(key); } while (0)
508 # define lockdep_set_class_and_name(lock, key, name) \
509 do { (void)(key); (void)(name); } while (0)
510 #define lockdep_set_class_and_subclass(lock, key, sub) \
511 do { (void)(key); } while (0)
512 #define lockdep_set_subclass(lock, sub) do { } while (0)
514 #define lockdep_set_novalidate_class(lock) do { } while (0)
517 * We don't define lockdep_match_class() and lockdep_match_key() for !LOCKDEP
518 * case since the result is not well defined and the caller should rather
519 * #ifdef the call himself.
522 # define INIT_LOCKDEP
523 # define lockdep_reset() do { debug_locks = 1; } while (0)
524 # define lockdep_free_key_range(start, size) do { } while (0)
525 # define lockdep_sys_exit() do { } while (0)
527 * The class key takes no space if lockdep is disabled:
529 struct lock_class_key { };
532 * The lockdep_map takes no space if lockdep is disabled:
534 struct lockdep_map { };
536 #define lockdep_depth(tsk) (0)
538 #define lockdep_is_held_type(l, r) (1)
540 #define lockdep_assert_held(l) do { (void)(l); } while (0)
541 #define lockdep_assert_held_exclusive(l) do { (void)(l); } while (0)
542 #define lockdep_assert_held_read(l) do { (void)(l); } while (0)
543 #define lockdep_assert_held_once(l) do { (void)(l); } while (0)
545 #define lockdep_recursing(tsk) (0)
547 struct pin_cookie { };
549 #define NIL_COOKIE (struct pin_cookie){ }
551 #define lockdep_pin_lock(l) ({ struct pin_cookie cookie; cookie; })
552 #define lockdep_repin_lock(l, c) do { (void)(l); (void)(c); } while (0)
553 #define lockdep_unpin_lock(l, c) do { (void)(l); (void)(c); } while (0)
555 #endif /* !LOCKDEP */
557 enum xhlock_context_t {
563 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP_CROSSRELEASE
564 extern void lockdep_init_map_crosslock(struct lockdep_map *lock,
566 struct lock_class_key *key,
568 extern void lock_commit_crosslock(struct lockdep_map *lock);
571 * What we essencially have to initialize is 'nr_acquire'. Other members
572 * will be initialized in add_xlock().
574 #define STATIC_CROSS_LOCK_INIT() \
577 #define STATIC_CROSS_LOCKDEP_MAP_INIT(_name, _key) \
578 { .map.name = (_name), .map.key = (void *)(_key), \
579 .map.cross = 1, .xlock = STATIC_CROSS_LOCK_INIT(), }
582 * To initialize a lockdep_map statically use this macro.
583 * Note that _name must not be NULL.
585 #define STATIC_LOCKDEP_MAP_INIT(_name, _key) \
586 { .name = (_name), .key = (void *)(_key), .cross = 0, }
588 extern void crossrelease_hist_start(enum xhlock_context_t c);
589 extern void crossrelease_hist_end(enum xhlock_context_t c);
590 extern void lockdep_invariant_state(bool force);
591 extern void lockdep_init_task(struct task_struct *task);
592 extern void lockdep_free_task(struct task_struct *task);
593 #else /* !CROSSRELEASE */
594 #define lockdep_init_map_crosslock(m, n, k, s) do {} while (0)
596 * To initialize a lockdep_map statically use this macro.
597 * Note that _name must not be NULL.
599 #define STATIC_LOCKDEP_MAP_INIT(_name, _key) \
600 { .name = (_name), .key = (void *)(_key), }
602 static inline void crossrelease_hist_start(enum xhlock_context_t c) {}
603 static inline void crossrelease_hist_end(enum xhlock_context_t c) {}
604 static inline void lockdep_invariant_state(bool force) {}
605 static inline void lockdep_init_task(struct task_struct *task) {}
606 static inline void lockdep_free_task(struct task_struct *task) {}
607 #endif /* CROSSRELEASE */
609 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCK_STAT
611 extern void lock_contended(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned long ip);
612 extern void lock_acquired(struct lockdep_map *lock, unsigned long ip);
614 #define LOCK_CONTENDED(_lock, try, lock) \
617 lock_contended(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_); \
620 lock_acquired(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_); \
623 #define LOCK_CONTENDED_RETURN(_lock, try, lock) \
627 lock_contended(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_); \
628 ____err = lock(_lock); \
631 lock_acquired(&(_lock)->dep_map, _RET_IP_); \
635 #else /* CONFIG_LOCK_STAT */
637 #define lock_contended(lockdep_map, ip) do {} while (0)
638 #define lock_acquired(lockdep_map, ip) do {} while (0)
640 #define LOCK_CONTENDED(_lock, try, lock) \
643 #define LOCK_CONTENDED_RETURN(_lock, try, lock) \
646 #endif /* CONFIG_LOCK_STAT */
648 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
651 * On lockdep we dont want the hand-coded irq-enable of
652 * _raw_*_lock_flags() code, because lockdep assumes
653 * that interrupts are not re-enabled during lock-acquire:
655 #define LOCK_CONTENDED_FLAGS(_lock, try, lock, lockfl, flags) \
656 LOCK_CONTENDED((_lock), (try), (lock))
658 #else /* CONFIG_LOCKDEP */
660 #define LOCK_CONTENDED_FLAGS(_lock, try, lock, lockfl, flags) \
661 lockfl((_lock), (flags))
663 #endif /* CONFIG_LOCKDEP */
665 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
666 extern void print_irqtrace_events(struct task_struct *curr);
668 static inline void print_irqtrace_events(struct task_struct *curr)
674 * For trivial one-depth nesting of a lock-class, the following
675 * global define can be used. (Subsystems with multiple levels
676 * of nesting should define their own lock-nesting subclasses.)
678 #define SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING 1
681 * Map the dependency ops to NOP or to real lockdep ops, depending
682 * on the per lock-class debug mode:
685 #define lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i) lock_acquire(l, s, t, 0, 1, n, i)
686 #define lock_acquire_shared(l, s, t, n, i) lock_acquire(l, s, t, 1, 1, n, i)
687 #define lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, s, t, n, i) lock_acquire(l, s, t, 2, 1, n, i)
689 #define spin_acquire(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
690 #define spin_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)
691 #define spin_release(l, n, i) lock_release(l, n, i)
693 #define rwlock_acquire(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
694 #define rwlock_acquire_read(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
695 #define rwlock_release(l, n, i) lock_release(l, n, i)
697 #define seqcount_acquire(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
698 #define seqcount_acquire_read(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
699 #define seqcount_release(l, n, i) lock_release(l, n, i)
701 #define mutex_acquire(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
702 #define mutex_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)
703 #define mutex_release(l, n, i) lock_release(l, n, i)
705 #define rwsem_acquire(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, NULL, i)
706 #define rwsem_acquire_nest(l, s, t, n, i) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, s, t, n, i)
707 #define rwsem_acquire_read(l, s, t, i) lock_acquire_shared(l, s, t, NULL, i)
708 #define rwsem_release(l, n, i) lock_release(l, n, i)
710 #define lock_map_acquire(l) lock_acquire_exclusive(l, 0, 0, NULL, _THIS_IP_)
711 #define lock_map_acquire_read(l) lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, 0, 0, NULL, _THIS_IP_)
712 #define lock_map_acquire_tryread(l) lock_acquire_shared_recursive(l, 0, 1, NULL, _THIS_IP_)
713 #define lock_map_release(l) lock_release(l, 1, _THIS_IP_)
715 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
716 # define might_lock(lock) \
718 typecheck(struct lockdep_map *, &(lock)->dep_map); \
719 lock_acquire(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, 0, 0, 1, NULL, _THIS_IP_); \
720 lock_release(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, _THIS_IP_); \
722 # define might_lock_read(lock) \
724 typecheck(struct lockdep_map *, &(lock)->dep_map); \
725 lock_acquire(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, 0, 1, 1, NULL, _THIS_IP_); \
726 lock_release(&(lock)->dep_map, 0, _THIS_IP_); \
729 #define lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled() do { \
730 WARN_ONCE(debug_locks && !current->lockdep_recursion && \
731 !current->hardirqs_enabled, \
732 "IRQs not enabled as expected\n"); \
735 #define lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled() do { \
736 WARN_ONCE(debug_locks && !current->lockdep_recursion && \
737 current->hardirqs_enabled, \
738 "IRQs not disabled as expected\n"); \
742 # define might_lock(lock) do { } while (0)
743 # define might_lock_read(lock) do { } while (0)
744 # define lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled() do { } while (0)
745 # define lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled() do { } while (0)
748 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
749 void lockdep_rcu_suspicious(const char *file, const int line, const char *s);
752 lockdep_rcu_suspicious(const char *file, const int line, const char *s)
757 #endif /* __LINUX_LOCKDEP_H */