1 /* Generic BFD library interface and support routines.
2 Copyright (C) 1990, 91, 92, 93, 94 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Written by Cygnus Support.
5 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. */
25 A BFD has type <<bfd>>; objects of this type are the
26 cornerstone of any application using BFD. Using BFD
27 consists of making references though the BFD and to data in the BFD.
29 Here is the structure that defines the type <<bfd>>. It
30 contains the major data about the file and pointers
31 to the rest of the data.
37 . {* The filename the application opened the BFD with. *}
38 . CONST char *filename;
40 . {* A pointer to the target jump table. *}
41 . struct bfd_target *xvec;
43 . {* To avoid dragging too many header files into every file that
44 . includes `<<bfd.h>>', IOSTREAM has been declared as a "char
45 . *", and MTIME as a "long". Their correct types, to which they
46 . are cast when used, are "FILE *" and "time_t". The iostream
47 . is the result of an fopen on the filename. *}
50 . {* Is the file descriptor being cached? That is, can it be closed as
51 . needed, and re-opened when accessed later? *}
55 . {* Marks whether there was a default target specified when the
56 . BFD was opened. This is used to select which matching algorithm
57 . to use to choose the back end. *}
59 . boolean target_defaulted;
61 . {* The caching routines use these to maintain a
62 . least-recently-used list of BFDs *}
64 . struct _bfd *lru_prev, *lru_next;
66 . {* When a file is closed by the caching routines, BFD retains
67 . state information on the file here: *}
71 . {* and here: (``once'' means at least once) *}
73 . boolean opened_once;
75 . {* Set if we have a locally maintained mtime value, rather than
76 . getting it from the file each time: *}
80 . {* File modified time, if mtime_set is true: *}
84 . {* Reserved for an unimplemented file locking extension.*}
88 . {* The format which belongs to the BFD. (object, core, etc.) *}
92 . {* The direction the BFD was opened with*}
94 . enum bfd_direction {no_direction = 0,
96 . write_direction = 2,
97 . both_direction = 3} direction;
99 . {* Format_specific flags*}
103 . {* Currently my_archive is tested before adding origin to
104 . anything. I believe that this can become always an add of
105 . origin, with origin set to 0 for non archive files. *}
109 . {* Remember when output has begun, to stop strange things
111 . boolean output_has_begun;
113 . {* Pointer to linked list of sections*}
114 . struct sec *sections;
116 . {* The number of sections *}
117 . unsigned int section_count;
119 . {* Stuff only useful for object files:
120 . The start address. *}
121 . bfd_vma start_address;
123 . {* Used for input and output*}
124 . unsigned int symcount;
126 . {* Symbol table for output BFD (with symcount entries) *}
127 . struct symbol_cache_entry **outsymbols;
129 . {* Pointer to structure which contains architecture information*}
130 . struct bfd_arch_info *arch_info;
132 . {* Stuff only useful for archives:*}
134 . struct _bfd *my_archive; {* The containing archive BFD. *}
135 . struct _bfd *next; {* The next BFD in the archive. *}
136 . struct _bfd *archive_head; {* The first BFD in the archive. *}
139 . {* A chain of BFD structures involved in a link. *}
140 . struct _bfd *link_next;
142 . {* A field used by _bfd_generic_link_add_archive_symbols. This will
143 . be used only for archive elements. *}
146 . {* Used by the back end to hold private data. *}
150 . struct aout_data_struct *aout_data;
151 . struct artdata *aout_ar_data;
152 . struct _oasys_data *oasys_obj_data;
153 . struct _oasys_ar_data *oasys_ar_data;
154 . struct coff_tdata *coff_obj_data;
155 . struct ecoff_tdata *ecoff_obj_data;
156 . struct ieee_data_struct *ieee_data;
157 . struct ieee_ar_data_struct *ieee_ar_data;
158 . struct srec_data_struct *srec_data;
159 . struct tekhex_data_struct *tekhex_data;
160 . struct elf_obj_tdata *elf_obj_data;
161 . struct nlm_obj_tdata *nlm_obj_data;
162 . struct bout_data_struct *bout_data;
163 . struct sun_core_struct *sun_core_data;
164 . struct trad_core_struct *trad_core_data;
165 . struct som_data_struct *som_data;
166 . struct hpux_core_struct *hpux_core_data;
167 . struct hppabsd_core_struct *hppabsd_core_data;
168 . struct sgi_core_struct *sgi_core_data;
169 . struct lynx_core_struct *lynx_core_data;
170 . struct osf_core_struct *osf_core_data;
171 . struct cisco_core_struct *cisco_core_data;
175 . {* Used by the application to hold private data*}
178 . {* Where all the allocated stuff under this BFD goes *}
179 . struct obstack memory;
188 #include "coff/internal.h"
189 #include "coff/sym.h"
191 #include "libecoff.h"
200 Most BFD functions return nonzero on success (check their
201 individual documentation for precise semantics). On an error,
202 they call <<bfd_set_error>> to set an error condition that callers
203 can check by calling <<bfd_get_error>>.
204 If that returns <<bfd_error_system_call>>, then check
207 The easiest way to report a BFD error to the user is to
211 Type <<bfd_error_type>>
213 The values returned by <<bfd_get_error>> are defined by the
214 enumerated type <<bfd_error_type>>.
218 .typedef enum bfd_error
220 . bfd_error_no_error = 0,
221 . bfd_error_system_call,
222 . bfd_error_invalid_target,
223 . bfd_error_wrong_format,
224 . bfd_error_invalid_operation,
225 . bfd_error_no_memory,
226 . bfd_error_no_symbols,
227 . bfd_error_no_more_archived_files,
228 . bfd_error_malformed_archive,
229 . bfd_error_file_not_recognized,
230 . bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized,
231 . bfd_error_no_contents,
232 . bfd_error_nonrepresentable_section,
233 . bfd_error_no_debug_section,
234 . bfd_error_bad_value,
235 . bfd_error_file_truncated,
236 . bfd_error_invalid_error_code
242 extern char *strerror();
244 static bfd_error_type bfd_error = bfd_error_no_error;
246 CONST char *CONST bfd_errmsgs[] = {
249 "Invalid bfd target",
250 "File in wrong format",
254 "No more archived files",
256 "File format not recognized",
257 "File format is ambiguous",
258 "Section has no contents",
259 "Nonrepresentable section on output",
260 "Symbol needs debug section which does not exist",
263 "#<Invalid error code>"
271 bfd_error_type bfd_get_error (void);
274 Return the current BFD error condition.
288 void bfd_set_error (bfd_error_type error_tag);
291 Set the BFD error condition to be @var{error_tag}.
295 bfd_set_error (error_tag)
296 bfd_error_type error_tag;
298 bfd_error = error_tag;
306 CONST char *bfd_errmsg (bfd_error_type error_tag);
309 Return a string describing the error @var{error_tag}, or
310 the system error if @var{error_tag} is <<bfd_error_system_call>>.
314 bfd_errmsg (error_tag)
315 bfd_error_type error_tag;
320 if (error_tag == bfd_error_system_call)
321 return strerror (errno);
323 if ((((int)error_tag <(int) bfd_error_no_error) ||
324 ((int)error_tag > (int)bfd_error_invalid_error_code)))
325 error_tag = bfd_error_invalid_error_code;/* sanity check */
327 return bfd_errmsgs [(int)error_tag];
335 void bfd_perror (CONST char *message);
338 Print to the standard error stream a string describing the
339 last BFD error that occurred, or the last system error if
340 the last BFD error was a system call failure. If @var{message}
341 is non-NULL and non-empty, the error string printed is preceded
342 by @var{message}, a colon, and a space. It is followed by a newline.
349 if (bfd_get_error () == bfd_error_system_call)
350 perror((char *)message); /* must be system error then... */
352 if (message == NULL || *message == '\0')
353 fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
355 fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s\n", message, bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
367 bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound
370 long bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound(bfd *abfd, asection *sect);
373 Return the number of bytes required to store the
374 relocation information associated with section @var{sect}
375 attached to bfd @var{abfd}. If an error occurs, return -1.
381 bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound (abfd, asect)
385 if (abfd->format != bfd_object) {
386 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
390 return BFD_SEND (abfd, _get_reloc_upper_bound, (abfd, asect));
395 bfd_canonicalize_reloc
398 long bfd_canonicalize_reloc
405 Call the back end associated with the open BFD
406 @var{abfd} and translate the external form of the relocation
407 information attached to @var{sec} into the internal canonical
408 form. Place the table into memory at @var{loc}, which has
409 been preallocated, usually by a call to
410 <<bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound>>. Returns the number of relocs, or
413 The @var{syms} table is also needed for horrible internal magic
419 bfd_canonicalize_reloc (abfd, asect, location, symbols)
425 if (abfd->format != bfd_object) {
426 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
429 return BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_canonicalize_reloc,
430 (abfd, asect, location, symbols));
439 (bfd *abfd, asection *sec, arelent **rel, unsigned int count)
442 Set the relocation pointer and count within
443 section @var{sec} to the values @var{rel} and @var{count}.
444 The argument @var{abfd} is ignored.
449 bfd_set_reloc (ignore_abfd, asect, location, count)
455 asect->orelocation = location;
456 asect->reloc_count = count;
464 boolean bfd_set_file_flags(bfd *abfd, flagword flags);
467 Set the flag word in the BFD @var{abfd} to the value @var{flags}.
470 o <<bfd_error_wrong_format>> - The target bfd was not of object format.
471 o <<bfd_error_invalid_operation>> - The target bfd was open for reading.
472 o <<bfd_error_invalid_operation>> -
473 The flag word contained a bit which was not applicable to the
474 type of file. E.g., an attempt was made to set the <<D_PAGED>> bit
475 on a BFD format which does not support demand paging.
480 bfd_set_file_flags (abfd, flags)
484 if (abfd->format != bfd_object) {
485 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
489 if (bfd_read_p (abfd)) {
490 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
494 bfd_get_file_flags (abfd) = flags;
495 if ((flags & bfd_applicable_file_flags (abfd)) != flags) {
496 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
504 bfd_assert(file, line)
508 fprintf(stderr, "bfd assertion fail %s:%d\n",file,line);
514 bfd_set_start_address
517 boolean bfd_set_start_address(bfd *abfd, bfd_vma vma);
520 Make @var{vma} the entry point of output BFD @var{abfd}.
523 Returns <<true>> on success, <<false>> otherwise.
527 bfd_set_start_address(abfd, vma)
531 abfd->start_address = vma;
541 long bfd_get_mtime(bfd *abfd);
544 Return the file modification time (as read from the file system, or
545 from the archive header for archive members).
559 fp = bfd_cache_lookup (abfd);
560 if (0 != fstat (fileno (fp), &buf))
563 abfd->mtime = buf.st_mtime; /* Save value in case anyone wants it */
572 long bfd_get_size(bfd *abfd);
575 Return the file size (as read from file system) for the file
576 associated with BFD @var{abfd}.
578 The initial motivation for, and use of, this routine is not
579 so we can get the exact size of the object the BFD applies to, since
580 that might not be generally possible (archive members for example).
581 It would be ideal if someone could eventually modify
582 it so that such results were guaranteed.
584 Instead, we want to ask questions like "is this NNN byte sized
585 object I'm about to try read from file offset YYY reasonable?"
586 As as example of where we might do this, some object formats
587 use string tables for which the first <<sizeof(long)>> bytes of the
588 table contain the size of the table itself, including the size bytes.
589 If an application tries to read what it thinks is one of these
590 string tables, without some way to validate the size, and for
591 some reason the size is wrong (byte swapping error, wrong location
592 for the string table, etc.), the only clue is likely to be a read
593 error when it tries to read the table, or a "virtual memory
594 exhausted" error when it tries to allocate 15 bazillon bytes
595 of space for the 15 bazillon byte table it is about to read.
596 This function at least allows us to answer the quesion, "is the
607 fp = bfd_cache_lookup (abfd);
608 if (0 != fstat (fileno (fp), &buf))
619 int bfd_get_gp_size(bfd *abfd);
622 Return the maximum size of objects to be optimized using the GP
623 register under MIPS ECOFF. This is typically set by the <<-G>>
624 argument to the compiler, assembler or linker.
628 bfd_get_gp_size (abfd)
631 if (abfd->format == bfd_object)
633 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_ecoff_flavour)
634 return ecoff_data (abfd)->gp_size;
635 else if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
636 return elf_gp_size (abfd);
646 void bfd_set_gp_size(bfd *abfd, int i);
649 Set the maximum size of objects to be optimized using the GP
650 register under ECOFF or MIPS ELF. This is typically set by
651 the <<-G>> argument to the compiler, assembler or linker.
655 bfd_set_gp_size (abfd, i)
659 /* Don't try to set GP size on an archive or core file! */
660 if (abfd->format != bfd_object)
662 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_ecoff_flavour)
663 ecoff_data (abfd)->gp_size = i;
664 else if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
665 elf_gp_size (abfd) = i;
673 bfd_vma bfd_scan_vma(CONST char *string, CONST char **end, int base);
676 Convert, like <<strtoul>>, a numerical expression
677 @var{string} into a <<bfd_vma>> integer, and return that integer.
678 (Though without as many bells and whistles as <<strtoul>>.)
679 The expression is assumed to be unsigned (i.e., positive).
680 If given a @var{base}, it is used as the base for conversion.
681 A base of 0 causes the function to interpret the string
682 in hex if a leading "0x" or "0X" is found, otherwise
683 in octal if a leading zero is found, otherwise in decimal.
685 Overflow is not detected.
689 bfd_scan_vma (string, end, base)
697 /* Let the host do it if possible. */
698 if (sizeof(bfd_vma) <= sizeof(unsigned long))
699 return (bfd_vma) strtoul (string, 0, base);
701 /* A negative base makes no sense, and we only need to go as high as hex. */
702 if ((base < 0) || (base > 16))
707 if (string[0] == '0')
709 if ((string[1] == 'x') || (string[1] == 'X'))
711 /* XXX should we also allow "0b" or "0B" to set base to 2? */
719 (string[0] == '0') && ((string[1] == 'x') || (string[1] == 'X')))
721 /* XXX should we also skip over "0b" or "0B" if base is 2? */
723 /* Speed could be improved with a table like hex_value[] in gas. */
724 #define HEX_VALUE(c) \
728 (10 + c - (islower(c) ? 'a' : 'A'))) : \
731 for (value = 0; (digit = HEX_VALUE(*string)) < base; string++)
733 value = value * base + digit;
744 bfd_copy_private_bfd_data
747 boolean bfd_copy_private_bfd_data(bfd *ibfd, bfd *obfd);
750 Copy private BFD information from the BFD @var{ibfd} to the
751 the BFD @var{obfd}. Return <<true>> on success, <<false>> on error.
752 Possible error returns are:
754 o <<bfd_error_no_memory>> -
755 Not enough memory exists to create private data for @var{obfd}.
757 .#define bfd_copy_private_bfd_data(ibfd, obfd) \
758 . BFD_SEND (ibfd, _bfd_copy_private_bfd_data, \
768 Stuff which should be documented:
770 .#define bfd_sizeof_headers(abfd, reloc) \
771 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_sizeof_headers, (abfd, reloc))
773 .#define bfd_find_nearest_line(abfd, sec, syms, off, file, func, line) \
774 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_find_nearest_line, (abfd, sec, syms, off, file, func, line))
776 . {* Do these three do anything useful at all, for any back end? *}
777 .#define bfd_debug_info_start(abfd) \
778 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_debug_info_start, (abfd))
780 .#define bfd_debug_info_end(abfd) \
781 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_debug_info_end, (abfd))
783 .#define bfd_debug_info_accumulate(abfd, section) \
784 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_debug_info_accumulate, (abfd, section))
787 .#define bfd_stat_arch_elt(abfd, stat) \
788 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_stat_arch_elt,(abfd, stat))
790 .#define bfd_set_arch_mach(abfd, arch, mach)\
791 . BFD_SEND ( abfd, _bfd_set_arch_mach, (abfd, arch, mach))
793 .#define bfd_get_relocated_section_contents(abfd, link_info, link_order, data, relocateable, symbols) \
794 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_get_relocated_section_contents, \
795 . (abfd, link_info, link_order, data, relocateable, symbols))
797 .#define bfd_relax_section(abfd, section, link_info, again) \
798 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_relax_section, (abfd, section, link_info, again))
800 .#define bfd_link_hash_table_create(abfd) \
801 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_link_hash_table_create, (abfd))
803 .#define bfd_link_add_symbols(abfd, info) \
804 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_link_add_symbols, (abfd, info))
806 .#define bfd_final_link(abfd, info) \
807 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_final_link, (abfd, info))
809 .#define bfd_free_cached_info(abfd) \
810 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_free_cached_info, (abfd))