1 /* as.c - GAS main program.
2 Copyright (C) 1987, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 1996
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
7 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
12 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
19 Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
23 * Main program for AS; a 32-bit assembler of GNU.
24 * Understands command arguments.
25 * Has a few routines that don't fit in other modules because they
32 * Since no-one else says they will support them in future: I
33 * don't support them now.
38 #include "libiberty.h"
44 #include "output-file.h"
49 #ifdef NEED_DECLARATION_SBRK
54 static void perform_an_assembly_pass PARAMS ((int argc, char **argv));
55 static int macro_expr PARAMS ((const char *, int, sb *, int *));
57 int listing; /* true if a listing is wanted */
59 static char *listing_filename = NULL; /* Name of listing file. */
61 /* Maximum level of macro nesting. */
63 int max_macro_nest = 100;
65 char *myname; /* argv[0] */
67 segT reg_section, expr_section;
68 segT text_section, data_section, bss_section;
73 /* To monitor memory allocation more effectively, make this non-zero.
74 Then the chunk sizes for gas and bfd will be reduced. */
77 /* We build a list of defsyms as we read the options, and then define
78 them after we have initialized everything. */
82 struct defsym_list *next;
87 static struct defsym_list *defsyms;
97 fprintf (stderr, "GNU assembler version %s (%s)", GAS_VERSION, TARGET_ALIAS);
99 fprintf (stderr, ", using BFD version %s", BFD_VERSION);
101 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
108 fprintf (stream, "Usage: %s [option...] [asmfile...]\n", myname);
112 -a[sub-option...] turn on listings\n\
113 Sub-options [default hls]:\n\
114 d omit debugging directives\n\
115 h include high-level source\n\
116 l include assembly\n\
117 n omit forms processing\n\
119 =file set listing file name (must be last sub-option)\n");
121 -D produce assembler debugging messages\n\
122 --defsym SYM=VAL define symbol SYM to given value\n\
123 -f skip whitespace and comment preprocessing\n\
124 --help show this message and exit\n\
125 -I DIR add DIR to search list for .include directives\n\
126 -J don't warn about signed overflow\n\
127 -K warn when differences altered for long displacements\n\
128 -L keep local symbols (starting with `L')\n");
130 -M,--mri assemble in MRI compatibility mode\n\
132 -o OBJFILE name the object-file output OBJFILE (default a.out)\n\
133 -R fold data section into text section\n\
134 --statistics print various measured statistics from execution\n\
135 --version print assembler version number and exit\n\
136 -W suppress warnings\n\
139 -Z generate object file even after errors\n");
141 md_show_usage (stream);
146 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
147 #define EMULATION_ENVIRON "AS_EMULATION"
149 extern struct emulation mipsbelf, mipslelf, mipself;
150 extern struct emulation mipsbecoff, mipslecoff, mipsecoff;
152 static struct emulation *const emulations[] = { EMULATIONS };
153 static const int n_emulations = sizeof (emulations) / sizeof (emulations[0]);
156 select_emulation_mode (argc, argv)
163 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
164 if (!strncmp ("--em", argv[i], 4))
170 p = strchr (argv[i], '=');
177 as_fatal ("missing emulation mode name");
182 em = getenv (EMULATION_ENVIRON);
184 em = DEFAULT_EMULATION;
188 for (i = 0; i < n_emulations; i++)
189 if (!strcmp (emulations[i]->name, em))
191 if (i == n_emulations)
192 as_fatal ("unrecognized emulation name `%s'", em);
193 this_emulation = emulations[i];
196 this_emulation = emulations[0];
198 this_emulation->init ();
202 default_emul_bfd_name ()
211 this_format = this_emulation->format;
213 if (this_emulation->leading_underscore == 2)
214 this_emulation->leading_underscore = this_format->dfl_leading_underscore;
216 if (this_emulation->default_endian != 2)
217 target_big_endian = this_emulation->default_endian;
219 if (this_emulation->fake_label_name == 0)
221 if (this_emulation->leading_underscore)
222 this_emulation->fake_label_name = "L0\001";
224 /* What other parameters should we test? */
225 this_emulation->fake_label_name = ".L0\001";
231 * Since it is easy to do here we interpret the special arg "-"
232 * to mean "use stdin" and we set that argv[] pointing to "".
233 * After we have munged argv[], the only things left are source file
234 * name(s) and ""(s) denoting stdin. These file names are used
235 * (perhaps more than once) later.
237 * check for new machine-dep cmdline options in
238 * md_parse_option definitions in config/tc-*.c
242 parse_args (pargc, pargv)
246 int old_argc, new_argc;
247 char **old_argv, **new_argv;
249 /* Starting the short option string with '-' is for programs that
250 expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about
251 the ordering of the two. We describe each non-option ARGV-element
252 as if it were the argument of an option with character code 1. */
255 extern CONST char *md_shortopts;
256 static const char std_shortopts[] =
259 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
260 /* -K is not meaningful if .word is not being hacked. */
263 'L', 'M', 'R', 'W', 'Z', 'f', 'a', ':', ':', 'D', 'I', ':', 'o', ':',
265 /* -v takes an argument on VMS, so we don't make it a generic
272 struct option *longopts;
273 extern struct option md_longopts[];
274 extern size_t md_longopts_size;
275 static const struct option std_longopts[] = {
276 #define OPTION_HELP (OPTION_STD_BASE)
277 {"help", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_HELP},
278 {"mri", no_argument, NULL, 'M'},
279 #define OPTION_NOCPP (OPTION_STD_BASE + 1)
280 {"nocpp", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NOCPP},
281 #define OPTION_STATISTICS (OPTION_STD_BASE + 2)
282 {"statistics", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_STATISTICS},
283 #define OPTION_VERSION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 3)
284 {"version", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERSION},
285 #define OPTION_DUMPCONFIG (OPTION_STD_BASE + 4)
286 {"dump-config", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_DUMPCONFIG},
287 #define OPTION_VERBOSE (OPTION_STD_BASE + 5)
288 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERBOSE},
289 #define OPTION_EMULATION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 6)
290 {"emulation", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_EMULATION},
291 #define OPTION_DEFSYM (OPTION_STD_BASE + 7)
292 {"defsym", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_DEFSYM}
295 /* Construct the option lists from the standard list and the
296 target dependent list. */
297 shortopts = concat (std_shortopts, md_shortopts, (char *) NULL);
298 longopts = (struct option *) xmalloc (sizeof (std_longopts) + md_longopts_size);
299 memcpy (longopts, std_longopts, sizeof (std_longopts));
300 memcpy ((char *) longopts + sizeof (std_longopts),
301 md_longopts, md_longopts_size);
303 /* Make a local copy of the old argv. */
307 /* Initialize a new argv that contains no options. */
308 new_argv = (char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * (old_argc + 1));
309 new_argv[0] = old_argv[0];
311 new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
315 /* getopt_long_only is like getopt_long, but '-' as well as '--' can
316 indicate a long option. */
318 int optc = getopt_long_only (old_argc, old_argv, shortopts, longopts,
327 /* md_parse_option should return 1 if it recognizes optc,
329 if (md_parse_option (optc, optarg) != 0)
331 /* `-v' isn't included in the general short_opts list, so check for
332 it explicity here before deciding we've gotten a bad argument. */
336 /* Telling getopt to treat -v's value as optional can result
337 in it picking up a following filename argument here. The
338 VMS code in md_parse_option can return 0 in that case,
339 but it has no way of pushing the filename argument back. */
340 if (optarg && *optarg)
341 new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg, new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
355 case 1: /* File name. */
356 if (!strcmp (optarg, "-"))
358 new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg;
359 new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
369 case OPTION_STATISTICS:
370 flag_print_statistics = 1;
374 /* This output is intended to follow the GNU standards document. */
375 printf ("GNU assembler %s\n", GAS_VERSION);
376 printf ("Copyright 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\n");
378 This program is free software; you may redistribute it under the terms of\n\
379 the GNU General Public License. This program has absolutely no warranty.\n");
380 printf ("This assembler was configured for a target of `%s'.\n",
384 case OPTION_EMULATION:
385 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
386 if (strcmp (optarg, this_emulation->name))
387 as_fatal ("multiple emulation names specified");
389 as_fatal ("emulations not handled in this configuration");
393 case OPTION_DUMPCONFIG:
394 fprintf (stderr, "alias = %s\n", TARGET_ALIAS);
395 fprintf (stderr, "canonical = %s\n", TARGET_CANONICAL);
396 fprintf (stderr, "cpu-type = %s\n", TARGET_CPU);
397 #ifdef TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT
398 fprintf (stderr, "format = %s\n", TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT);
401 fprintf (stderr, "bfd-target = %s\n", TARGET_FORMAT);
409 struct defsym_list *n;
411 for (s = optarg; *s != '\0' && *s != '='; s++)
414 as_fatal ("bad defsym; format is --defsym name=value");
416 i = strtol (s, (char **) NULL, 0);
417 n = (struct defsym_list *) xmalloc (sizeof *n);
426 flag_signed_overflow_ok = 1;
429 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
431 flag_warn_displacement = 1;
436 flag_keep_locals = 1;
447 flag_readonly_data_in_text = 1;
451 flag_no_warnings = 1;
455 flag_always_generate_output = 1;
466 listing |= LISTING_NODEBUG;
469 listing |= LISTING_HLL;
472 listing |= LISTING_LISTING;
475 listing |= LISTING_NOFORM;
478 listing |= LISTING_SYMBOLS;
481 listing_filename = xstrdup (optarg + 1);
482 optarg += strlen (listing_filename);
485 as_fatal ("invalid listing option `%c'", *optarg);
492 listing = LISTING_DEFAULT;
496 /* DEBUG is implemented: it debugs different */
497 /* things from other people's assemblers. */
502 flag_no_comments = 1;
506 { /* Include file directory */
507 char *temp = xstrdup (optarg);
508 add_include_dir (temp);
513 out_file_name = xstrdup (optarg);
520 /* -X means treat warnings as errors */
532 static void dump_statistics ();
533 static long start_time;
544 start_time = get_run_time ();
549 extern long _bfd_chunksize;
555 #ifdef HOST_SPECIAL_INIT
556 HOST_SPECIAL_INIT (argc, argv);
560 xmalloc_set_program_name (myname);
562 START_PROGRESS (myname, 0);
564 #ifndef OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME
565 #define OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME "a.out"
568 out_file_name = OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
573 bfd_set_error_program_name (myname);
576 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
577 select_emulation_mode (argc, argv);
584 parse_args (&argc, &argv);
586 input_scrub_begin ();
589 if (flag_print_statistics)
590 xatexit (dump_statistics);
595 macro_strip_at = flag_mri;
598 /* For compatibility with the AMD 29K family macro assembler
604 macro_init (macro_alternate, flag_mri, macro_strip_at, macro_expr);
609 output_file_create (out_file_name);
610 assert (stdoutput != 0);
613 #ifdef tc_init_after_args
614 tc_init_after_args ();
617 /* Now that we have fully initialized, and have created the output
618 file, define any symbols requested by --defsym command line
620 while (defsyms != NULL)
623 struct defsym_list *next;
625 sym = symbol_new (defsyms->name, absolute_section, defsyms->value,
627 symbol_table_insert (sym);
628 next = defsyms->next;
635 perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv); /* Assemble it. */
641 if (seen_at_least_1_file ()
642 && !((had_warnings () && flag_always_generate_output)
643 || had_errors () > 0))
649 write_object_file ();
652 listing_print (listing_filename);
655 #ifndef OBJ_VMS /* does its own file handling */
656 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
659 output_file_close (out_file_name);
663 unlink (out_file_name);
667 END_PROGRESS (myname);
669 /* Use xexit instead of return, because under VMS environments they
670 may not place the same interpretation on the value given. */
671 if ((had_warnings () && flag_always_generate_output)
672 || had_errors () > 0)
673 xexit (EXIT_FAILURE);
674 xexit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
680 extern char **environ;
682 char *lim = (char *) sbrk (0);
684 long run_time = get_run_time () - start_time;
686 fprintf (stderr, "%s: total time in assembly: %ld.%06ld\n",
687 myname, run_time / 1000000, run_time % 1000000);
689 fprintf (stderr, "%s: data size %ld\n",
690 myname, (long) (lim - (char *) &environ));
693 subsegs_print_statistics (stderr);
694 write_print_statistics (stderr);
695 symbol_print_statistics (stderr);
696 read_print_statistics (stderr);
698 #ifdef tc_print_statistics
699 tc_print_statistics (stderr);
701 #ifdef obj_print_statistics
702 obj_print_statistics (stderr);
707 /* perform_an_assembly_pass()
709 * Here to attempt 1 pass over each input file.
710 * We scan argv[*] looking for filenames or exactly "" which is
711 * shorthand for stdin. Any argv that is NULL is not a file-name.
712 * We set need_pass_2 TRUE if, after this, we still have unresolved
713 * expressions of the form (unknown value)+-(unknown value).
715 * Note the un*x semantics: there is only 1 logical input file, but it
716 * may be a catenation of many 'physical' input files.
719 perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv)
730 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
734 for (i = SEG_E0; i < SEG_UNKNOWN; i++)
735 segment_info[i].fix_root = 0;
737 /* Create the three fixed ones */
742 seg = subseg_new (".wtext", 0);
744 seg = subseg_new (".text", 0);
746 assert (seg == SEG_E0);
747 seg = subseg_new (".data", 0);
748 assert (seg == SEG_E1);
749 seg = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
750 assert (seg == SEG_E2);
752 create_target_segments ();
756 #else /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
757 text_fix_root = NULL;
758 data_fix_root = NULL;
760 #endif /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
761 #else /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
762 /* Create the standard sections, and those the assembler uses
764 text_section = subseg_new (".text", 0);
765 data_section = subseg_new (".data", 0);
766 bss_section = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
767 /* @@ FIXME -- we're setting the RELOC flag so that sections are assumed
768 to have relocs, otherwise we don't find out in time. */
769 applicable = bfd_applicable_section_flags (stdoutput);
770 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, text_section,
771 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC
772 | SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY));
773 /* @@ FIXME -- SEC_CODE seems to mean code only, rather than code possibly.*/
774 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, data_section,
775 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC));
776 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, bss_section, applicable & SEC_ALLOC);
777 seg_info (bss_section)->bss = 1;
778 subseg_new (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, 0);
779 subseg_new (BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME, 0);
780 reg_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `reg' section*", 0);
781 expr_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `expr' section*", 0);
783 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
785 subseg_set (text_section, 0);
787 /* This may add symbol table entries, which requires having an open BFD,
788 and sections already created, in BFD_ASSEMBLER mode. */
795 argv++; /* skip argv[0] */
796 argc--; /* skip argv[0] */
800 { /* Is it a file-name argument? */
803 /* argv->"" if stdin desired, else->filename */
804 read_a_source_file (*argv);
806 argv++; /* completed that argv */
809 read_a_source_file ("");
810 } /* perform_an_assembly_pass() */
812 /* The interface between the macro code and gas expression handling. */
815 macro_expr (emsg, idx, in, val)
826 hold = input_line_pointer;
827 input_line_pointer = in->ptr + idx;
829 idx = input_line_pointer - in->ptr;
830 input_line_pointer = hold;
832 if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
835 *val = (int) ex.X_add_number;