1 /* m88k.c -- Assembler for the Motorola 88000
2 Contributed by Devon Bowen of Buffalo University
3 and Torbjorn Granlund of the Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
4 Copyright 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999,
6 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
10 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
15 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 GNU General Public License for more details.
20 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
22 Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA
26 #include "safe-ctype.h"
28 #include "m88k-opcode.h"
30 struct field_val_assoc
36 struct field_val_assoc cr_regs[] =
63 struct field_val_assoc fcr_regs[] =
81 struct field_val_assoc cmpslot[] =
83 /* Integer Floating point */
94 {"lo", 10}, {"in", 10},
95 {"hs", 11}, {"ob", 11},
96 {"be", 12}, {"ue", 12},
97 {"nb", 13}, {"lg", 13},
98 {"he", 14}, {"ug", 14},
99 {"nh", 15}, {"ule", 15},
106 struct field_val_assoc cndmsk[] =
120 unsigned long opcode;
122 enum reloc_type reloc;
125 static char *get_bf PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *valp));
126 static char *get_cmp PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *valp));
127 static char *get_cnd PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *valp));
128 static char *get_bf2 PARAMS ((char *param, int bc));
129 static char *get_bf_offset_expression PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *offsetp));
130 static char *get_cr PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *regnop));
131 static char *get_fcr PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *regnop));
132 static char *get_imm16 PARAMS ((char *param, struct m88k_insn *insn));
133 static char *get_o6 PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *valp));
134 static char *match_name PARAMS ((char *, struct field_val_assoc *, unsigned *));
135 static char *get_reg PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *regnop, unsigned int reg_prefix));
136 static char *get_vec9 PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned *valp));
137 static char *getval PARAMS ((char *param, unsigned int *valp));
139 static char *get_pcr PARAMS ((char *param, struct m88k_insn *insn,
140 enum reloc_type reloc));
142 static int calcop PARAMS ((struct m88k_opcode *format,
143 char *param, struct m88k_insn *insn));
146 static struct hash_control *op_hash = NULL;
148 /* These bits should be turned off in the first address of every segment */
149 int md_seg_align = 7;
151 /* These chars start a comment anywhere in a source file (except inside
153 const char comment_chars[] = ";";
155 /* These chars only start a comment at the beginning of a line. */
156 const char line_comment_chars[] = "#";
158 const char line_separator_chars[] = "";
160 /* Chars that can be used to separate mant from exp in floating point nums */
161 const char EXP_CHARS[] = "eE";
163 /* Chars that mean this number is a floating point constant */
164 /* as in 0f123.456 */
165 /* or 0H1.234E-12 (see exp chars above) */
166 const char FLT_CHARS[] = "dDfF";
168 const pseudo_typeS md_pseudo_table[] =
170 {"align", s_align_bytes, 4},
172 {"dfloat", float_cons, 'd'},
173 {"ffloat", float_cons, 'f'},
176 {"string", stringer, 0},
178 /* Force set to be treated as an instruction. */
187 const char *retval = NULL;
190 /* Initialize hash table. */
191 op_hash = hash_new ();
193 while (*m88k_opcodes[i].name)
195 char *name = m88k_opcodes[i].name;
197 /* Hash each mnemonic and record its position. */
198 retval = hash_insert (op_hash, name, &m88k_opcodes[i]);
201 as_fatal (_("Can't hash instruction '%s':%s"),
202 m88k_opcodes[i].name, retval);
204 /* Skip to next unique mnemonic or end of list. */
205 for (i++; !strcmp (m88k_opcodes[i].name, name); i++)
210 const char *md_shortopts = "";
211 struct option md_longopts[] = {
212 {NULL, no_argument, NULL, 0}
214 size_t md_longopts_size = sizeof (md_longopts);
217 md_parse_option (c, arg)
218 int c ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
219 char *arg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
225 md_show_usage (stream)
226 FILE *stream ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
234 char *param, *thisfrag;
236 struct m88k_opcode *format;
237 struct m88k_insn insn;
241 /* Skip over instruction to find parameters. */
242 for (param = op; *param != 0 && !ISSPACE (*param); param++)
247 /* Try to find the instruction in the hash table. */
248 if ((format = (struct m88k_opcode *) hash_find (op_hash, op)) == NULL)
250 as_bad (_("Invalid mnemonic '%s'"), op);
254 /* Try parsing this instruction into insn. */
255 insn.exp.X_add_symbol = 0;
256 insn.exp.X_op_symbol = 0;
257 insn.exp.X_add_number = 0;
258 insn.exp.X_op = O_illegal;
259 insn.reloc = NO_RELOC;
261 while (!calcop (format, param, &insn))
263 /* If it doesn't parse try the next instruction. */
264 if (!strcmp (format[0].name, format[1].name))
268 as_fatal (_("Parameter syntax error"));
273 /* Grow the current frag and plop in the opcode. */
274 thisfrag = frag_more (4);
275 md_number_to_chars (thisfrag, insn.opcode, 4);
277 /* If this instruction requires labels mark it for later. */
285 fix_new_exp (frag_now,
286 thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal + 2,
294 fix_new_exp (frag_now,
295 thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal,
303 fix_new_exp (frag_now,
304 thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal + 2,
312 fix_new_exp (frag_now,
313 thisfrag - frag_now->fr_literal,
321 as_fatal (_("Unknown relocation type"));
327 calcop (format, param, insn)
328 struct m88k_opcode *format;
330 struct m88k_insn *insn;
332 char *fmt = format->op_spec;
336 unsigned int reg_prefix = 'r';
338 insn->opcode = format->opcode;
349 insn->opcode |= opcode;
350 return (*param == 0 || *param == '\n');
358 param = get_reg (param, &val, reg_prefix);
364 param = get_o6 (param, &val);
365 opcode |= ((val >> 2) << 7);
373 param = get_reg (param, &val, reg_prefix);
379 param = get_reg (param, &val, reg_prefix);
385 param = get_reg (param, &val, 'r');
386 opcode |= (val << 16) | val;
390 param = get_imm16 (param, insn);
394 param = get_bf (param, &val);
399 param = get_pcr (param, insn, RELOC_PC16);
403 param = get_pcr (param, insn, RELOC_PC26);
407 param = get_cmp (param, &val);
412 param = get_cnd (param, &val);
417 param = get_cr (param, &val);
422 param = get_fcr (param, &val);
427 param = get_vec9 (param, &val);
432 /* Having this here repeats the warning somtimes.
433 But can't we stand that? */
434 as_warn (_("Use of obsolete instruction"));
441 match_name (param, assoc_tab, valp)
443 struct field_val_assoc *assoc_tab;
452 name = assoc_tab[i].name;
455 name_len = strlen (name);
456 if (!strncmp (param, name, name_len))
458 *valp = assoc_tab[i].val;
459 return param + name_len;
465 get_reg (param, regnop, reg_prefix)
468 unsigned int reg_prefix;
476 regno = *param++ - '0';
487 regno = regno * 10 + c;
502 else if (c == 's' && param[0] == 'p')
512 get_imm16 (param, insn)
514 struct m88k_insn *insn;
516 enum reloc_type reloc = NO_RELOC;
520 if (!strncmp (param, "hi16", 4) && !ISALNUM (param[4]))
525 else if (!strncmp (param, "lo16", 4) && !ISALNUM (param[4]))
530 else if (!strncmp (param, "iw16", 4) && !ISALNUM (param[4]))
536 save_ptr = input_line_pointer;
537 input_line_pointer = param;
538 expression (&insn->exp);
539 param = input_line_pointer;
540 input_line_pointer = save_ptr;
542 val = insn->exp.X_add_number;
544 if (insn->exp.X_op == O_constant)
546 /* Insert the value now, and reset reloc to NO_RELOC. */
547 if (reloc == NO_RELOC)
549 /* Warn about too big expressions if not surrounded by xx16. */
551 as_warn (_("Expression truncated to 16 bits"));
554 if (reloc == RELOC_HI16)
557 insn->opcode |= val & 0xffff;
560 else if (reloc == NO_RELOC)
561 /* We accept a symbol even without lo16, hi16, etc, and assume
562 lo16 was intended. */
571 get_pcr (param, insn, reloc)
573 struct m88k_insn *insn;
574 enum reloc_type reloc;
576 char *saveptr, *saveparam;
578 saveptr = input_line_pointer;
579 input_line_pointer = param;
581 expression (&insn->exp);
583 saveparam = input_line_pointer;
584 input_line_pointer = saveptr;
586 /* Botch: We should relocate now if O_constant. */
593 get_cmp (param, valp)
602 param = match_name (param, cmpslot, valp);
609 save_ptr = input_line_pointer;
610 input_line_pointer = param;
611 val = get_absolute_expression ();
612 param = input_line_pointer;
613 input_line_pointer = save_ptr;
617 as_warn (_("Expression truncated to 5 bits"));
627 get_cnd (param, valp)
633 if (ISDIGIT (*param))
635 param = getval (param, &val);
639 as_warn (_("Expression truncated to 5 bits"));
645 param[0] = TOLOWER (param[0]);
646 param[1] = TOLOWER (param[1]);
648 param = match_name (param, cndmsk, valp);
677 else if (c == bc && depth <= 0)
684 get_bf_offset_expression (param, offsetp)
690 if (ISALPHA (param[0]))
692 param[0] = TOLOWER (param[0]);
693 param[1] = TOLOWER (param[1]);
695 param = match_name (param, cmpslot, offsetp);
701 input_line_pointer = param;
702 offset = get_absolute_expression ();
703 param = input_line_pointer;
720 xp = get_bf2 (param, '<');
722 save_ptr = input_line_pointer;
723 input_line_pointer = param;
726 /* We did not find '<'. We have an offset (width implicitly 32). */
727 param = get_bf_offset_expression (param, &offset);
728 input_line_pointer = save_ptr;
734 *xp++ = 0; /* Overwrite the '<' */
735 param = get_bf2 (xp, '>');
738 *param++ = 0; /* Overwrite the '>' */
740 width = get_absolute_expression ();
741 xp = get_bf_offset_expression (xp, &offset);
742 input_line_pointer = save_ptr;
748 *valp = ((width % 32) << 5) | (offset % 32);
754 get_cr (param, regnop)
761 if (!strncmp (param, "cr", 2))
765 regno = *param++ - '0';
776 regno = regno * 10 + c;
792 param = match_name (param, cr_regs, regnop);
798 get_fcr (param, regnop)
805 if (!strncmp (param, "fcr", 3))
809 regno = *param++ - '0';
820 regno = regno * 10 + c;
836 param = match_name (param, fcr_regs, regnop);
842 get_vec9 (param, valp)
849 save_ptr = input_line_pointer;
850 input_line_pointer = param;
851 val = get_absolute_expression ();
852 param = input_line_pointer;
853 input_line_pointer = save_ptr;
856 as_warn (_("Expression truncated to 9 bits"));
858 *valp = val % (1 << 9);
871 save_ptr = input_line_pointer;
872 input_line_pointer = param;
873 val = get_absolute_expression ();
874 param = input_line_pointer;
875 input_line_pointer = save_ptr;
878 as_warn (_("Removed lower 2 bits of expression"));
886 (ISDIGIT (z) ? (z) - '0' : \
887 ISLOWER (z) ? (z) - 'a' + 10 : \
888 ISUPPER (z) ? (z) - 'A' + 10 : (unsigned) -1)
895 unsigned int val = 0;
902 if (c == 'x' || c == 'X')
938 md_number_to_chars (buf, val, nbytes)
943 number_to_chars_bigendian (buf, val, nbytes);
946 #define MAX_LITTLENUMS 6
948 /* Turn a string in input_line_pointer into a floating point constant of type
949 type, and store the appropriate bytes in *litP. The number of LITTLENUMS
950 emitted is stored in *sizeP . An error message is returned, or NULL on OK.
953 md_atof (type, litP, sizeP)
959 LITTLENUM_TYPE words[MAX_LITTLENUMS];
960 LITTLENUM_TYPE *wordP;
991 return _("Bad call to MD_ATOF()");
993 t = atof_ieee (input_line_pointer, type, words);
995 input_line_pointer = t;
997 *sizeP = prec * sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
998 for (wordP = words; prec--;)
1000 md_number_to_chars (litP, (long) (*wordP++), sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE));
1001 litP += sizeof (LITTLENUM_TYPE);
1006 int md_short_jump_size = 4;
1009 md_create_short_jump (ptr, from_addr, to_addr, frag, to_symbol)
1011 addressT from_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1012 addressT to_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1016 ptr[0] = (char) 0xc0;
1021 ptr - frag->fr_literal,
1026 RELOC_PC26); /* Botch: Shouldn't this be RELOC_PC16? */
1029 int md_long_jump_size = 4;
1032 md_create_long_jump (ptr, from_addr, to_addr, frag, to_symbol)
1034 addressT from_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1035 addressT to_addr ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1039 ptr[0] = (char) 0xc0;
1044 ptr - frag->fr_literal,
1053 md_estimate_size_before_relax (fragP, segment_type)
1054 fragS *fragP ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1055 segT segment_type ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1057 as_fatal (_("Relaxation should never occur"));
1063 /* These functions are needed if we are linking with obj-coffbfd.c.
1064 That file may be replaced by a more BFD oriented version at some
1065 point. If that happens, these functions should be rexamined.
1067 Ian Lance Taylor, Cygnus Support, 13 July 1993. */
1069 /* Given a fixS structure (created by a call to fix_new, above),
1070 return the BFD relocation type to use for it. */
1073 tc_coff_fix2rtype (fixp)
1076 switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
1095 /* Apply a fixS to the object file. Since COFF does not use addends
1096 in relocs, the addend is actually stored directly in the object
1100 md_apply_fix3 (fixP, valP, seg)
1103 segT seg ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED;
1105 long val = * (long *) valP;
1108 buf = fixP->fx_frag->fr_literal + fixP->fx_where;
1109 fixP->fx_offset = 0;
1111 switch (fixP->fx_r_type)
1114 fixP->fx_offset = val >> 16;
1120 fixP->fx_offset = val >> 16;
1126 fixP->fx_offset = val >> 16;
1137 buf[0] |= (val >> 26) & 0x03;
1154 if (fixP->fx_addsy == NULL && fixP->fx_pcrel == 0)
1158 /* Where a PC relative offset is calculated from. On the m88k they
1159 are calculated from just after the instruction. */
1162 md_pcrel_from (fixp)
1165 switch (fixp->fx_r_type)
1168 return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where - 2;
1170 return fixp->fx_frag->fr_address + fixp->fx_where;
1177 /* Fill in rs_align_code fragments. */
1180 m88k_handle_align (fragp)
1183 static const unsigned char nop_pattern[] = { 0xf4, 0x00, 0x58, 0x00 };
1188 if (fragp->fr_type != rs_align_code)
1191 bytes = fragp->fr_next->fr_address - fragp->fr_address - fragp->fr_fix;
1192 p = fragp->fr_literal + fragp->fr_fix;
1196 int fix = bytes & 3;
1200 fragp->fr_fix += fix;
1203 memcpy (p, nop_pattern, 4);
1207 #endif /* M88KCOFF */