1 /* Generate a core file for the inferior process.
3 Copyright (C) 2001-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This file is part of GDB.
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
28 #include "arch-utils.h"
29 #include "completer.h"
31 #include "cli/cli-decode.h"
36 #include "readline/tilde.h"
38 #include "gdbsupport/gdb_unlinker.h"
39 #include "gdbsupport/byte-vector.h"
40 #include "gdbsupport/scope-exit.h"
42 /* The largest amount of memory to read from the target at once. We
43 must throttle it to limit the amount of memory used by GDB during
44 generate-core-file for programs with large resident data. */
45 #define MAX_COPY_BYTES (1024 * 1024)
47 static const char *default_gcore_target (void);
48 static enum bfd_architecture default_gcore_arch (void);
49 static int gcore_memory_sections (bfd *);
51 /* create_gcore_bfd -- helper for gcore_command (exported).
52 Open a new bfd core file for output, and return the handle. */
55 create_gcore_bfd (const char *filename)
57 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd (gdb_bfd_openw (filename, default_gcore_target ()));
60 error (_("Failed to open '%s' for output."), filename);
61 bfd_set_format (obfd.get (), bfd_core);
62 bfd_set_arch_mach (obfd.get (), default_gcore_arch (), 0);
66 /* write_gcore_file_1 -- do the actual work of write_gcore_file. */
69 write_gcore_file_1 (bfd *obfd)
71 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> note_data;
73 asection *note_sec = NULL;
75 /* An external target method must build the notes section. */
76 /* FIXME: uweigand/2011-10-06: All architectures that support core file
77 generation should be converted to gdbarch_make_corefile_notes; at that
78 point, the target vector method can be removed. */
79 if (!gdbarch_make_corefile_notes_p (target_gdbarch ()))
80 note_data = target_make_corefile_notes (obfd, ¬e_size);
82 note_data = gdbarch_make_corefile_notes (target_gdbarch (), obfd,
85 if (note_data == NULL || note_size == 0)
86 error (_("Target does not support core file generation."));
88 /* Create the note section. */
89 note_sec = bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (obfd, "note0",
94 error (_("Failed to create 'note' section for corefile: %s"),
95 bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
97 bfd_set_section_vma (note_sec, 0);
98 bfd_set_section_alignment (note_sec, 0);
99 bfd_set_section_size (note_sec, note_size);
101 /* Now create the memory/load sections. */
102 if (gcore_memory_sections (obfd) == 0)
103 error (_("gcore: failed to get corefile memory sections from target."));
105 /* Write out the contents of the note section. */
106 if (!bfd_set_section_contents (obfd, note_sec, note_data.get (), 0,
108 warning (_("writing note section (%s)"), bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
111 /* write_gcore_file -- helper for gcore_command (exported).
112 Compose and write the corefile data to the core file. */
115 write_gcore_file (bfd *obfd)
117 target_prepare_to_generate_core ();
118 SCOPE_EXIT { target_done_generating_core (); };
119 write_gcore_file_1 (obfd);
122 /* gcore_command -- implements the 'gcore' command.
123 Generate a core file from the inferior process. */
126 gcore_command (const char *args, int from_tty)
128 gdb::unique_xmalloc_ptr<char> corefilename;
130 /* No use generating a corefile without a target process. */
131 if (!target_has_execution ())
135 corefilename.reset (tilde_expand (args));
138 /* Default corefile name is "core.PID". */
139 corefilename.reset (xstrprintf ("core.%d", inferior_ptid.pid ()));
143 fprintf_filtered (gdb_stdout,
144 "Opening corefile '%s' for output.\n",
145 corefilename.get ());
147 if (target_supports_dumpcore ())
148 target_dumpcore (corefilename.get ());
151 /* Open the output file. */
152 gdb_bfd_ref_ptr obfd (create_gcore_bfd (corefilename.get ()));
154 /* Arrange to unlink the file on failure. */
155 gdb::unlinker unlink_file (corefilename.get ());
157 /* Call worker function. */
158 write_gcore_file (obfd.get ());
164 fprintf_filtered (gdb_stdout, "Saved corefile %s\n", corefilename.get ());
167 static enum bfd_architecture
168 default_gcore_arch (void)
170 const struct bfd_arch_info *bfdarch = gdbarch_bfd_arch_info (target_gdbarch ());
173 return bfdarch->arch;
174 if (exec_bfd == NULL)
175 error (_("Can't find bfd architecture for corefile (need execfile)."));
177 return bfd_get_arch (exec_bfd);
181 default_gcore_target (void)
183 /* The gdbarch may define a target to use for core files. */
184 if (gdbarch_gcore_bfd_target_p (target_gdbarch ()))
185 return gdbarch_gcore_bfd_target (target_gdbarch ());
187 /* Otherwise, try to fall back to the exec_bfd target. This will probably
188 not work for non-ELF targets. */
189 if (exec_bfd == NULL)
192 return bfd_get_target (exec_bfd);
195 /* Derive a reasonable stack segment by unwinding the target stack,
196 and store its limits in *BOTTOM and *TOP. Return non-zero if
200 derive_stack_segment (bfd_vma *bottom, bfd_vma *top)
202 struct frame_info *fi, *tmp_fi;
207 /* Can't succeed without stack and registers. */
208 if (!target_has_stack () || !target_has_registers ())
211 /* Can't succeed without current frame. */
212 fi = get_current_frame ();
216 /* Save frame pointer of TOS frame. */
217 *top = get_frame_base (fi);
218 /* If current stack pointer is more "inner", use that instead. */
219 if (gdbarch_inner_than (get_frame_arch (fi), get_frame_sp (fi), *top))
220 *top = get_frame_sp (fi);
222 /* Find prev-most frame. */
223 while ((tmp_fi = get_prev_frame (fi)) != NULL)
226 /* Save frame pointer of prev-most frame. */
227 *bottom = get_frame_base (fi);
229 /* Now canonicalize their order, so that BOTTOM is a lower address
230 (as opposed to a lower stack frame). */
243 /* call_target_sbrk --
244 helper function for derive_heap_segment. */
247 call_target_sbrk (int sbrk_arg)
249 struct objfile *sbrk_objf;
250 struct gdbarch *gdbarch;
252 struct value *target_sbrk_arg;
253 struct value *sbrk_fn, *ret;
256 if (lookup_minimal_symbol ("sbrk", NULL, NULL).minsym != NULL)
258 sbrk_fn = find_function_in_inferior ("sbrk", &sbrk_objf);
262 else if (lookup_minimal_symbol ("_sbrk", NULL, NULL).minsym != NULL)
264 sbrk_fn = find_function_in_inferior ("_sbrk", &sbrk_objf);
271 gdbarch = sbrk_objf->arch ();
272 target_sbrk_arg = value_from_longest (builtin_type (gdbarch)->builtin_int,
274 gdb_assert (target_sbrk_arg);
275 ret = call_function_by_hand (sbrk_fn, NULL, target_sbrk_arg);
279 tmp = value_as_long (ret);
280 if ((LONGEST) tmp <= 0 || (LONGEST) tmp == 0xffffffff)
287 /* Derive a reasonable heap segment for ABFD by looking at sbrk and
288 the static data sections. Store its limits in *BOTTOM and *TOP.
289 Return non-zero if successful. */
292 derive_heap_segment (bfd *abfd, bfd_vma *bottom, bfd_vma *top)
294 bfd_vma top_of_data_memory = 0;
295 bfd_vma top_of_heap = 0;
296 bfd_size_type sec_size;
303 /* This function depends on being able to call a function in the
305 if (!target_has_execution ())
308 /* The following code assumes that the link map is arranged as
309 follows (low to high addresses):
311 ---------------------------------
313 ---------------------------------
314 | data sections (including bss) |
315 ---------------------------------
317 --------------------------------- */
319 for (sec = abfd->sections; sec; sec = sec->next)
321 if (bfd_section_flags (sec) & SEC_DATA
322 || strcmp (".bss", bfd_section_name (sec)) == 0)
324 sec_vaddr = bfd_section_vma (sec);
325 sec_size = bfd_section_size (sec);
326 if (sec_vaddr + sec_size > top_of_data_memory)
327 top_of_data_memory = sec_vaddr + sec_size;
331 top_of_heap = call_target_sbrk (0);
332 if (top_of_heap == (bfd_vma) 0)
335 /* Return results. */
336 if (top_of_heap > top_of_data_memory)
338 *bottom = top_of_data_memory;
343 /* No additional heap space needs to be saved. */
348 make_output_phdrs (bfd *obfd, asection *osec)
353 /* FIXME: these constants may only be applicable for ELF. */
354 if (startswith (bfd_section_name (osec), "load"))
356 else if (startswith (bfd_section_name (osec), "note"))
361 p_flags |= PF_R; /* Segment is readable. */
362 if (!(bfd_section_flags (osec) & SEC_READONLY))
363 p_flags |= PF_W; /* Segment is writable. */
364 if (bfd_section_flags (osec) & SEC_CODE)
365 p_flags |= PF_X; /* Segment is executable. */
367 bfd_record_phdr (obfd, p_type, 1, p_flags, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, &osec);
370 /* find_memory_region_ftype implementation. DATA is 'bfd *' for the core file
374 gcore_create_callback (CORE_ADDR vaddr, unsigned long size, int read,
375 int write, int exec, int modified, void *data)
377 bfd *obfd = (bfd *) data;
379 flagword flags = SEC_ALLOC | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_LOAD;
381 /* If the memory segment has no permissions set, ignore it, otherwise
382 when we later try to access it for read/write, we'll get an error
383 or jam the kernel. */
384 if (read == 0 && write == 0 && exec == 0 && modified == 0)
388 fprintf_filtered (gdb_stdout, "Ignore segment, %s bytes at %s\n",
389 plongest (size), paddress (target_gdbarch (), vaddr));
395 if (write == 0 && modified == 0 && !solib_keep_data_in_core (vaddr, size))
397 /* See if this region of memory lies inside a known file on disk.
398 If so, we can avoid copying its contents by clearing SEC_LOAD. */
399 struct obj_section *objsec;
401 for (objfile *objfile : current_program_space->objfiles ())
402 ALL_OBJFILE_OSECTIONS (objfile, objsec)
404 bfd *abfd = objfile->obfd;
405 asection *asec = objsec->the_bfd_section;
406 bfd_vma align = (bfd_vma) 1 << bfd_section_alignment (asec);
407 bfd_vma start = obj_section_addr (objsec) & -align;
408 bfd_vma end = (obj_section_endaddr (objsec) + align - 1) & -align;
410 /* Match if either the entire memory region lies inside the
411 section (i.e. a mapping covering some pages of a large
412 segment) or the entire section lies inside the memory region
413 (i.e. a mapping covering multiple small sections).
415 This BFD was synthesized from reading target memory,
416 we don't want to omit that. */
417 if (objfile->separate_debug_objfile_backlink == NULL
418 && ((vaddr >= start && vaddr + size <= end)
419 || (start >= vaddr && end <= vaddr + size))
420 && !(bfd_get_file_flags (abfd) & BFD_IN_MEMORY))
422 flags &= ~(SEC_LOAD | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS);
423 goto keep; /* Break out of two nested for loops. */
431 flags |= SEC_READONLY;
438 osec = bfd_make_section_anyway_with_flags (obfd, "load", flags);
441 warning (_("Couldn't make gcore segment: %s"),
442 bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
448 fprintf_filtered (gdb_stdout, "Save segment, %s bytes at %s\n",
449 plongest (size), paddress (target_gdbarch (), vaddr));
452 bfd_set_section_size (osec, size);
453 bfd_set_section_vma (osec, vaddr);
454 bfd_set_section_lma (osec, 0);
459 objfile_find_memory_regions (struct target_ops *self,
460 find_memory_region_ftype func, void *obfd)
462 /* Use objfile data to create memory sections. */
463 struct obj_section *objsec;
464 bfd_vma temp_bottom, temp_top;
466 /* Call callback function for each objfile section. */
467 for (objfile *objfile : current_program_space->objfiles ())
468 ALL_OBJFILE_OSECTIONS (objfile, objsec)
470 asection *isec = objsec->the_bfd_section;
471 flagword flags = bfd_section_flags (isec);
473 /* Separate debug info files are irrelevant for gcore. */
474 if (objfile->separate_debug_objfile_backlink != NULL)
477 if ((flags & SEC_ALLOC) || (flags & SEC_LOAD))
479 int size = bfd_section_size (isec);
482 ret = (*func) (obj_section_addr (objsec), size,
483 1, /* All sections will be readable. */
484 (flags & SEC_READONLY) == 0, /* Writable. */
485 (flags & SEC_CODE) != 0, /* Executable. */
486 1, /* MODIFIED is unknown, pass it as true. */
493 /* Make a stack segment. */
494 if (derive_stack_segment (&temp_bottom, &temp_top))
495 (*func) (temp_bottom, temp_top - temp_bottom,
496 1, /* Stack section will be readable. */
497 1, /* Stack section will be writable. */
498 0, /* Stack section will not be executable. */
499 1, /* Stack section will be modified. */
502 /* Make a heap segment. */
503 if (derive_heap_segment (exec_bfd, &temp_bottom, &temp_top))
504 (*func) (temp_bottom, temp_top - temp_bottom,
505 1, /* Heap section will be readable. */
506 1, /* Heap section will be writable. */
507 0, /* Heap section will not be executable. */
508 1, /* Heap section will be modified. */
515 gcore_copy_callback (bfd *obfd, asection *osec)
517 bfd_size_type size, total_size = bfd_section_size (osec);
520 /* Read-only sections are marked; we don't have to copy their contents. */
521 if ((bfd_section_flags (osec) & SEC_LOAD) == 0)
524 /* Only interested in "load" sections. */
525 if (!startswith (bfd_section_name (osec), "load"))
528 size = std::min (total_size, (bfd_size_type) MAX_COPY_BYTES);
529 gdb::byte_vector memhunk (size);
531 while (total_size > 0)
533 if (size > total_size)
536 if (target_read_memory (bfd_section_vma (osec) + offset,
537 memhunk.data (), size) != 0)
539 warning (_("Memory read failed for corefile "
540 "section, %s bytes at %s."),
542 paddress (target_gdbarch (), bfd_section_vma (osec)));
545 if (!bfd_set_section_contents (obfd, osec, memhunk.data (),
548 warning (_("Failed to write corefile contents (%s)."),
549 bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
559 gcore_memory_sections (bfd *obfd)
561 /* Try gdbarch method first, then fall back to target method. */
562 if (!gdbarch_find_memory_regions_p (target_gdbarch ())
563 || gdbarch_find_memory_regions (target_gdbarch (),
564 gcore_create_callback, obfd) != 0)
566 if (target_find_memory_regions (gcore_create_callback, obfd) != 0)
567 return 0; /* FIXME: error return/msg? */
570 /* Record phdrs for section-to-segment mapping. */
571 for (asection *sect : gdb_bfd_sections (obfd))
572 make_output_phdrs (obfd, sect);
574 /* Copy memory region contents. */
575 for (asection *sect : gdb_bfd_sections (obfd))
576 gcore_copy_callback (obfd, sect);
581 void _initialize_gcore ();
585 add_com ("generate-core-file", class_files, gcore_command, _("\
586 Save a core file with the current state of the debugged process.\n\
587 Usage: generate-core-file [FILENAME]\n\
588 Argument is optional filename. Default filename is 'core.PROCESS_ID'."));
590 add_com_alias ("gcore", "generate-core-file", class_files, 1);