1 /* Generic BFD library interface and support routines.
2 Copyright (C) 1990, 91, 92, 93, 94 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Written by Cygnus Support.
5 This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
7 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 (at your option) any later version.
12 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
25 A BFD has type <<bfd>>; objects of this type are the
26 cornerstone of any application using BFD. Using BFD
27 consists of making references though the BFD and to data in the BFD.
29 Here is the structure that defines the type <<bfd>>. It
30 contains the major data about the file and pointers
31 to the rest of the data.
37 . {* The filename the application opened the BFD with. *}
38 . CONST char *filename;
40 . {* A pointer to the target jump table. *}
41 . const struct bfd_target *xvec;
43 . {* To avoid dragging too many header files into every file that
44 . includes `<<bfd.h>>', IOSTREAM has been declared as a "char
45 . *", and MTIME as a "long". Their correct types, to which they
46 . are cast when used, are "FILE *" and "time_t". The iostream
47 . is the result of an fopen on the filename. *}
50 . {* Is the file descriptor being cached? That is, can it be closed as
51 . needed, and re-opened when accessed later? *}
55 . {* Marks whether there was a default target specified when the
56 . BFD was opened. This is used to select which matching algorithm
57 . to use to choose the back end. *}
59 . boolean target_defaulted;
61 . {* The caching routines use these to maintain a
62 . least-recently-used list of BFDs *}
64 . struct _bfd *lru_prev, *lru_next;
66 . {* When a file is closed by the caching routines, BFD retains
67 . state information on the file here: *}
71 . {* and here: (``once'' means at least once) *}
73 . boolean opened_once;
75 . {* Set if we have a locally maintained mtime value, rather than
76 . getting it from the file each time: *}
80 . {* File modified time, if mtime_set is true: *}
84 . {* Reserved for an unimplemented file locking extension.*}
88 . {* The format which belongs to the BFD. (object, core, etc.) *}
92 . {* The direction the BFD was opened with*}
94 . enum bfd_direction {no_direction = 0,
96 . write_direction = 2,
97 . both_direction = 3} direction;
99 . {* Format_specific flags*}
103 . {* Currently my_archive is tested before adding origin to
104 . anything. I believe that this can become always an add of
105 . origin, with origin set to 0 for non archive files. *}
109 . {* Remember when output has begun, to stop strange things
111 . boolean output_has_begun;
113 . {* Pointer to linked list of sections*}
114 . struct sec *sections;
116 . {* The number of sections *}
117 . unsigned int section_count;
119 . {* Stuff only useful for object files:
120 . The start address. *}
121 . bfd_vma start_address;
123 . {* Used for input and output*}
124 . unsigned int symcount;
126 . {* Symbol table for output BFD (with symcount entries) *}
127 . struct symbol_cache_entry **outsymbols;
129 . {* Pointer to structure which contains architecture information*}
130 . const struct bfd_arch_info *arch_info;
132 . {* Stuff only useful for archives:*}
134 . struct _bfd *my_archive; {* The containing archive BFD. *}
135 . struct _bfd *next; {* The next BFD in the archive. *}
136 . struct _bfd *archive_head; {* The first BFD in the archive. *}
139 . {* A chain of BFD structures involved in a link. *}
140 . struct _bfd *link_next;
142 . {* A field used by _bfd_generic_link_add_archive_symbols. This will
143 . be used only for archive elements. *}
146 . {* Used by the back end to hold private data. *}
150 . struct aout_data_struct *aout_data;
151 . struct artdata *aout_ar_data;
152 . struct _oasys_data *oasys_obj_data;
153 . struct _oasys_ar_data *oasys_ar_data;
154 . struct coff_tdata *coff_obj_data;
155 . struct pe_tdata *pe_obj_data;
156 . struct ecoff_tdata *ecoff_obj_data;
157 . struct ieee_data_struct *ieee_data;
158 . struct ieee_ar_data_struct *ieee_ar_data;
159 . struct srec_data_struct *srec_data;
160 . struct tekhex_data_struct *tekhex_data;
161 . struct elf_obj_tdata *elf_obj_data;
162 . struct nlm_obj_tdata *nlm_obj_data;
163 . struct bout_data_struct *bout_data;
164 . struct sun_core_struct *sun_core_data;
165 . struct trad_core_struct *trad_core_data;
166 . struct som_data_struct *som_data;
167 . struct hpux_core_struct *hpux_core_data;
168 . struct hppabsd_core_struct *hppabsd_core_data;
169 . struct sgi_core_struct *sgi_core_data;
170 . struct lynx_core_struct *lynx_core_data;
171 . struct osf_core_struct *osf_core_data;
172 . struct cisco_core_struct *cisco_core_data;
173 . struct versados_data_struct *versados_data;
177 . {* Used by the application to hold private data*}
180 . {* Where all the allocated stuff under this BFD goes *}
181 . struct obstack memory;
189 #ifdef ANSI_PROTOTYPES
197 #include "coff/internal.h"
198 #include "coff/sym.h"
200 #include "libecoff.h"
206 /* provide storage for subsystem, stack and heap data which may have been
207 passed in on the command line. Ld puts this data into a bfd_link_info
208 struct which ultimately gets passed in to the bfd. When it arrives, copy
209 it to the following struct so that the data will be available in coffcode.h
210 where it is needed. The typedef's used are defined in bfd.h */
218 Most BFD functions return nonzero on success (check their
219 individual documentation for precise semantics). On an error,
220 they call <<bfd_set_error>> to set an error condition that callers
221 can check by calling <<bfd_get_error>>.
222 If that returns <<bfd_error_system_call>>, then check
225 The easiest way to report a BFD error to the user is to
229 Type <<bfd_error_type>>
231 The values returned by <<bfd_get_error>> are defined by the
232 enumerated type <<bfd_error_type>>.
236 .typedef enum bfd_error
238 . bfd_error_no_error = 0,
239 . bfd_error_system_call,
240 . bfd_error_invalid_target,
241 . bfd_error_wrong_format,
242 . bfd_error_invalid_operation,
243 . bfd_error_no_memory,
244 . bfd_error_no_symbols,
245 . bfd_error_no_armap,
246 . bfd_error_no_more_archived_files,
247 . bfd_error_malformed_archive,
248 . bfd_error_file_not_recognized,
249 . bfd_error_file_ambiguously_recognized,
250 . bfd_error_no_contents,
251 . bfd_error_nonrepresentable_section,
252 . bfd_error_no_debug_section,
253 . bfd_error_bad_value,
254 . bfd_error_file_truncated,
255 . bfd_error_file_too_big,
256 . bfd_error_invalid_error_code
262 extern char *strerror();
264 static bfd_error_type bfd_error = bfd_error_no_error;
266 CONST char *CONST bfd_errmsgs[] = {
269 "Invalid bfd target",
270 "File in wrong format",
274 "Archive has no index; run ranlib to add one",
275 "No more archived files",
277 "File format not recognized",
278 "File format is ambiguous",
279 "Section has no contents",
280 "Nonrepresentable section on output",
281 "Symbol needs debug section which does not exist",
285 "#<Invalid error code>"
293 bfd_error_type bfd_get_error (void);
296 Return the current BFD error condition.
310 void bfd_set_error (bfd_error_type error_tag);
313 Set the BFD error condition to be @var{error_tag}.
317 bfd_set_error (error_tag)
318 bfd_error_type error_tag;
320 bfd_error = error_tag;
328 CONST char *bfd_errmsg (bfd_error_type error_tag);
331 Return a string describing the error @var{error_tag}, or
332 the system error if @var{error_tag} is <<bfd_error_system_call>>.
336 bfd_errmsg (error_tag)
337 bfd_error_type error_tag;
342 if (error_tag == bfd_error_system_call)
343 return strerror (errno);
345 if ((((int)error_tag <(int) bfd_error_no_error) ||
346 ((int)error_tag > (int)bfd_error_invalid_error_code)))
347 error_tag = bfd_error_invalid_error_code;/* sanity check */
349 return bfd_errmsgs [(int)error_tag];
357 void bfd_perror (CONST char *message);
360 Print to the standard error stream a string describing the
361 last BFD error that occurred, or the last system error if
362 the last BFD error was a system call failure. If @var{message}
363 is non-NULL and non-empty, the error string printed is preceded
364 by @var{message}, a colon, and a space. It is followed by a newline.
371 if (bfd_get_error () == bfd_error_system_call)
372 perror((char *)message); /* must be system error then... */
374 if (message == NULL || *message == '\0')
375 fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
377 fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s\n", message, bfd_errmsg (bfd_get_error ()));
385 Some BFD functions want to print messages describing the
386 problem. They call a BFD error handler function. This
387 function may be overriden by the program.
389 The BFD error handler acts like printf.
393 .typedef void (*bfd_error_handler_type) PARAMS ((const char *, ...));
397 /* The program name used when printing BFD error messages. */
399 static const char *_bfd_error_program_name;
401 /* This is the default routine to handle BFD error messages. */
403 #ifdef ANSI_PROTOTYPES
405 static void _bfd_default_error_handler PARAMS ((const char *s, ...));
408 _bfd_default_error_handler (const char *s, ...)
412 if (_bfd_error_program_name != NULL)
413 fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", _bfd_error_program_name);
417 vfprintf (stderr, s, p);
421 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
424 #else /* ! defined (ANSI_PROTOTYPES) */
426 static void _bfd_default_error_handler ();
429 _bfd_default_error_handler (va_alist)
435 if (_bfd_error_program_name != NULL)
436 fprintf (stderr, "%s: ", _bfd_error_program_name);
440 s = va_arg (p, const char *);
441 vfprintf (stderr, s, p);
445 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
448 #endif /* ! defined (ANSI_PROTOTYPES) */
450 /* This is a function pointer to the routine which should handle BFD
451 error messages. It is called when a BFD routine encounters an
452 error for which it wants to print a message. Going through a
453 function pointer permits a program linked against BFD to intercept
454 the messages and deal with them itself. */
456 bfd_error_handler_type _bfd_error_handler = _bfd_default_error_handler;
460 bfd_set_error_handler
463 bfd_error_handler_type bfd_set_error_handler (bfd_error_handler_type);
466 Set the BFD error handler function. Returns the previous
470 bfd_error_handler_type
471 bfd_set_error_handler (pnew)
472 bfd_error_handler_type pnew;
474 bfd_error_handler_type pold;
476 pold = _bfd_error_handler;
477 _bfd_error_handler = pnew;
483 bfd_set_error_program_name
486 void bfd_set_error_program_name (const char *);
489 Set the program name to use when printing a BFD error. This
490 is printed before the error message followed by a colon and
491 space. The string must not be changed after it is passed to
496 bfd_set_error_program_name (name)
499 _bfd_error_program_name = name;
509 bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound
512 long bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound(bfd *abfd, asection *sect);
515 Return the number of bytes required to store the
516 relocation information associated with section @var{sect}
517 attached to bfd @var{abfd}. If an error occurs, return -1.
523 bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound (abfd, asect)
527 if (abfd->format != bfd_object) {
528 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
532 return BFD_SEND (abfd, _get_reloc_upper_bound, (abfd, asect));
537 bfd_canonicalize_reloc
540 long bfd_canonicalize_reloc
547 Call the back end associated with the open BFD
548 @var{abfd} and translate the external form of the relocation
549 information attached to @var{sec} into the internal canonical
550 form. Place the table into memory at @var{loc}, which has
551 been preallocated, usually by a call to
552 <<bfd_get_reloc_upper_bound>>. Returns the number of relocs, or
555 The @var{syms} table is also needed for horrible internal magic
561 bfd_canonicalize_reloc (abfd, asect, location, symbols)
567 if (abfd->format != bfd_object) {
568 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
571 return BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_canonicalize_reloc,
572 (abfd, asect, location, symbols));
581 (bfd *abfd, asection *sec, arelent **rel, unsigned int count)
584 Set the relocation pointer and count within
585 section @var{sec} to the values @var{rel} and @var{count}.
586 The argument @var{abfd} is ignored.
591 bfd_set_reloc (ignore_abfd, asect, location, count)
597 asect->orelocation = location;
598 asect->reloc_count = count;
606 boolean bfd_set_file_flags(bfd *abfd, flagword flags);
609 Set the flag word in the BFD @var{abfd} to the value @var{flags}.
612 o <<bfd_error_wrong_format>> - The target bfd was not of object format.
613 o <<bfd_error_invalid_operation>> - The target bfd was open for reading.
614 o <<bfd_error_invalid_operation>> -
615 The flag word contained a bit which was not applicable to the
616 type of file. E.g., an attempt was made to set the <<D_PAGED>> bit
617 on a BFD format which does not support demand paging.
622 bfd_set_file_flags (abfd, flags)
626 if (abfd->format != bfd_object) {
627 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
631 if (bfd_read_p (abfd)) {
632 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
636 bfd_get_file_flags (abfd) = flags;
637 if ((flags & bfd_applicable_file_flags (abfd)) != flags) {
638 bfd_set_error (bfd_error_invalid_operation);
646 bfd_assert (file, line)
650 (*_bfd_error_handler) ("bfd assertion fail %s:%d\n", file, line);
656 bfd_set_start_address
659 boolean bfd_set_start_address(bfd *abfd, bfd_vma vma);
662 Make @var{vma} the entry point of output BFD @var{abfd}.
665 Returns <<true>> on success, <<false>> otherwise.
669 bfd_set_start_address(abfd, vma)
673 abfd->start_address = vma;
683 long bfd_get_mtime(bfd *abfd);
686 Return the file modification time (as read from the file system, or
687 from the archive header for archive members).
701 fp = bfd_cache_lookup (abfd);
702 if (0 != fstat (fileno (fp), &buf))
705 abfd->mtime = buf.st_mtime; /* Save value in case anyone wants it */
714 long bfd_get_size(bfd *abfd);
717 Return the file size (as read from file system) for the file
718 associated with BFD @var{abfd}.
720 The initial motivation for, and use of, this routine is not
721 so we can get the exact size of the object the BFD applies to, since
722 that might not be generally possible (archive members for example).
723 It would be ideal if someone could eventually modify
724 it so that such results were guaranteed.
726 Instead, we want to ask questions like "is this NNN byte sized
727 object I'm about to try read from file offset YYY reasonable?"
728 As as example of where we might do this, some object formats
729 use string tables for which the first <<sizeof(long)>> bytes of the
730 table contain the size of the table itself, including the size bytes.
731 If an application tries to read what it thinks is one of these
732 string tables, without some way to validate the size, and for
733 some reason the size is wrong (byte swapping error, wrong location
734 for the string table, etc.), the only clue is likely to be a read
735 error when it tries to read the table, or a "virtual memory
736 exhausted" error when it tries to allocate 15 bazillon bytes
737 of space for the 15 bazillon byte table it is about to read.
738 This function at least allows us to answer the quesion, "is the
749 fp = bfd_cache_lookup (abfd);
750 if (0 != fstat (fileno (fp), &buf))
761 int bfd_get_gp_size(bfd *abfd);
764 Return the maximum size of objects to be optimized using the GP
765 register under MIPS ECOFF. This is typically set by the <<-G>>
766 argument to the compiler, assembler or linker.
770 bfd_get_gp_size (abfd)
773 if (abfd->format == bfd_object)
775 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_ecoff_flavour)
776 return ecoff_data (abfd)->gp_size;
777 else if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
778 return elf_gp_size (abfd);
788 void bfd_set_gp_size(bfd *abfd, int i);
791 Set the maximum size of objects to be optimized using the GP
792 register under ECOFF or MIPS ELF. This is typically set by
793 the <<-G>> argument to the compiler, assembler or linker.
797 bfd_set_gp_size (abfd, i)
801 /* Don't try to set GP size on an archive or core file! */
802 if (abfd->format != bfd_object)
804 if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_ecoff_flavour)
805 ecoff_data (abfd)->gp_size = i;
806 else if (abfd->xvec->flavour == bfd_target_elf_flavour)
807 elf_gp_size (abfd) = i;
815 bfd_vma bfd_scan_vma(CONST char *string, CONST char **end, int base);
818 Convert, like <<strtoul>>, a numerical expression
819 @var{string} into a <<bfd_vma>> integer, and return that integer.
820 (Though without as many bells and whistles as <<strtoul>>.)
821 The expression is assumed to be unsigned (i.e., positive).
822 If given a @var{base}, it is used as the base for conversion.
823 A base of 0 causes the function to interpret the string
824 in hex if a leading "0x" or "0X" is found, otherwise
825 in octal if a leading zero is found, otherwise in decimal.
827 Overflow is not detected.
831 bfd_scan_vma (string, end, base)
839 /* Let the host do it if possible. */
840 if (sizeof(bfd_vma) <= sizeof(unsigned long))
841 return (bfd_vma) strtoul (string, (char **) end, base);
843 /* A negative base makes no sense, and we only need to go as high as hex. */
844 if ((base < 0) || (base > 16))
849 if (string[0] == '0')
851 if ((string[1] == 'x') || (string[1] == 'X'))
853 /* XXX should we also allow "0b" or "0B" to set base to 2? */
861 (string[0] == '0') && ((string[1] == 'x') || (string[1] == 'X')))
863 /* XXX should we also skip over "0b" or "0B" if base is 2? */
865 /* Speed could be improved with a table like hex_value[] in gas. */
866 #define HEX_VALUE(c) \
870 (10 + c - (islower(c) ? 'a' : 'A'))) : \
873 for (value = 0; (digit = HEX_VALUE(*string)) < base; string++)
875 value = value * base + digit;
886 bfd_copy_private_bfd_data
889 boolean bfd_copy_private_bfd_data(bfd *ibfd, bfd *obfd);
892 Copy private BFD information from the BFD @var{ibfd} to the
893 the BFD @var{obfd}. Return <<true>> on success, <<false>> on error.
894 Possible error returns are:
896 o <<bfd_error_no_memory>> -
897 Not enough memory exists to create private data for @var{obfd}.
899 .#define bfd_copy_private_bfd_data(ibfd, obfd) \
900 . BFD_SEND (ibfd, _bfd_copy_private_bfd_data, \
907 bfd_merge_private_bfd_data
910 boolean bfd_merge_private_bfd_data(bfd *ibfd, bfd *obfd);
913 Merge private BFD information from the BFD @var{ibfd} to the
914 the output file BFD @var{obfd} when linking. Return <<true>>
915 on success, <<false>> on error. Possible error returns are:
917 o <<bfd_error_no_memory>> -
918 Not enough memory exists to create private data for @var{obfd}.
920 .#define bfd_merge_private_bfd_data(ibfd, obfd) \
921 . BFD_SEND (ibfd, _bfd_merge_private_bfd_data, \
928 bfd_set_private_flags
931 boolean bfd_set_private_flags(bfd *abfd, flagword flags);
934 Set private BFD flag information in the BFD @var{abfd}.
935 Return <<true>> on success, <<false>> on error. Possible error
938 o <<bfd_error_no_memory>> -
939 Not enough memory exists to create private data for @var{obfd}.
941 .#define bfd_set_private_flags(abfd, flags) \
942 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_set_private_flags, \
952 Stuff which should be documented:
954 .#define bfd_sizeof_headers(abfd, reloc) \
955 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_sizeof_headers, (abfd, reloc))
957 .#define bfd_find_nearest_line(abfd, sec, syms, off, file, func, line) \
958 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_find_nearest_line, (abfd, sec, syms, off, file, func, line))
960 . {* Do these three do anything useful at all, for any back end? *}
961 .#define bfd_debug_info_start(abfd) \
962 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_debug_info_start, (abfd))
964 .#define bfd_debug_info_end(abfd) \
965 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_debug_info_end, (abfd))
967 .#define bfd_debug_info_accumulate(abfd, section) \
968 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_debug_info_accumulate, (abfd, section))
971 .#define bfd_stat_arch_elt(abfd, stat) \
972 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_stat_arch_elt,(abfd, stat))
974 .#define bfd_update_armap_timestamp(abfd) \
975 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_update_armap_timestamp, (abfd))
977 .#define bfd_set_arch_mach(abfd, arch, mach)\
978 . BFD_SEND ( abfd, _bfd_set_arch_mach, (abfd, arch, mach))
980 .#define bfd_relax_section(abfd, section, link_info, again) \
981 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_relax_section, (abfd, section, link_info, again))
983 .#define bfd_link_hash_table_create(abfd) \
984 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_link_hash_table_create, (abfd))
986 .#define bfd_link_add_symbols(abfd, info) \
987 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_link_add_symbols, (abfd, info))
989 .#define bfd_final_link(abfd, info) \
990 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_final_link, (abfd, info))
992 .#define bfd_free_cached_info(abfd) \
993 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_free_cached_info, (abfd))
995 .#define bfd_get_dynamic_symtab_upper_bound(abfd) \
996 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_get_dynamic_symtab_upper_bound, (abfd))
998 .#define bfd_print_private_bfd_data(abfd, file)\
999 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_print_private_bfd_data, (abfd, file))
1001 .#define bfd_canonicalize_dynamic_symtab(abfd, asymbols) \
1002 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_canonicalize_dynamic_symtab, (abfd, asymbols))
1004 .#define bfd_get_dynamic_reloc_upper_bound(abfd) \
1005 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_get_dynamic_reloc_upper_bound, (abfd))
1007 .#define bfd_canonicalize_dynamic_reloc(abfd, arels, asyms) \
1008 . BFD_SEND (abfd, _bfd_canonicalize_dynamic_reloc, (abfd, arels, asyms))
1010 .extern bfd_byte *bfd_get_relocated_section_contents
1011 . PARAMS ((bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *,
1012 . struct bfd_link_order *, bfd_byte *,
1013 . boolean, asymbol **));
1019 bfd_get_relocated_section_contents (abfd, link_info, link_order, data,
1020 relocateable, symbols)
1022 struct bfd_link_info *link_info;
1023 struct bfd_link_order *link_order;
1025 boolean relocateable;
1029 bfd_byte *(*fn) PARAMS ((bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *,
1030 struct bfd_link_order *, bfd_byte *, boolean,
1033 if (link_order->type == bfd_indirect_link_order)
1035 abfd2 = link_order->u.indirect.section->owner;
1041 fn = abfd2->xvec->_bfd_get_relocated_section_contents;
1043 return (*fn) (abfd, link_info, link_order, data, relocateable, symbols);