1 /* as.c - GAS main program.
2 Copyright (C) 1987, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 1996
3 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 This file is part of GAS, the GNU Assembler.
7 GAS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
12 GAS is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 GNU General Public License for more details.
17 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 along with GAS; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
19 the Free Software Foundation, 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
22 * Main program for AS; a 32-bit assembler of GNU.
23 * Understands command arguments.
24 * Has a few routines that don't fit in other modules because they
31 * Since no-one else says they will support them in future: I
32 * don't support them now.
37 #include "libiberty.h"
43 #include "output-file.h"
47 static void perform_an_assembly_pass PARAMS ((int argc, char **argv));
48 static int macro_expr PARAMS ((const char *, int, sb *, int *));
50 int listing; /* true if a listing is wanted */
52 static char *listing_filename = NULL; /* Name of listing file. */
54 /* Maximum level of macro nesting. */
56 int max_macro_nest = 100;
58 char *myname; /* argv[0] */
60 segT reg_section, expr_section;
61 segT text_section, data_section, bss_section;
66 /* To monitor memory allocation more effectively, make this non-zero.
67 Then the chunk sizes for gas and bfd will be reduced. */
79 fprintf (stderr, "GNU assembler version %s (%s)", GAS_VERSION, TARGET_ALIAS);
81 fprintf (stderr, ", using BFD version %s", BFD_VERSION);
83 fprintf (stderr, "\n");
90 fprintf (stream, "Usage: %s [option...] [asmfile...]\n", myname);
94 -a[sub-option...] turn on listings\n\
95 Sub-options [default hls]:\n\
96 d omit debugging directives\n\
97 h include high-level source\n\
99 n omit forms processing\n\
101 =file set listing file name (must be last sub-option)\n");
103 -D produce assembler debugging messages\n\
104 --defsym SYM=VAL define symbol SYM to given value\n\
105 -f skip whitespace and comment preprocessing\n\
106 --help show this message and exit\n\
107 -I DIR add DIR to search list for .include directives\n\
108 -J don't warn about signed overflow\n\
109 -K warn when differences altered for long displacements\n\
110 -L keep local symbols (starting with `L')\n");
112 -M,--mri assemble in MRI compatibility mode\n\
114 -o OBJFILE name the object-file output OBJFILE (default a.out)\n\
115 -R fold data section into text section\n\
116 --statistics print various measured statistics from execution\n\
117 --version print assembler version number and exit\n\
118 -W suppress warnings\n\
121 -Z generate object file even after errors\n");
123 md_show_usage (stream);
126 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
127 #define EMULATION_ENVIRON "AS_EMULATION"
129 extern struct emulation mipsbelf, mipslelf, mipself;
130 extern struct emulation mipsbecoff, mipslecoff, mipsecoff;
132 static struct emulation *const emulations[] = { EMULATIONS };
133 static const int n_emulations = sizeof (emulations) / sizeof (emulations[0]);
136 select_emulation_mode (argc, argv)
143 for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
144 if (!strncmp ("--em", argv[i], 4))
150 p = strchr (argv[i], '=');
157 as_fatal ("missing emulation mode name");
162 em = getenv (EMULATION_ENVIRON);
164 em = DEFAULT_EMULATION;
168 for (i = 0; i < n_emulations; i++)
169 if (!strcmp (emulations[i]->name, em))
171 if (i == n_emulations)
172 as_fatal ("unrecognized emulation name `%s'", em);
173 this_emulation = emulations[i];
176 this_emulation = emulations[0];
178 this_emulation->init ();
182 default_emul_bfd_name ()
191 this_format = this_emulation->format;
193 if (this_emulation->leading_underscore == 2)
194 this_emulation->leading_underscore = this_format->dfl_leading_underscore;
196 if (this_emulation->default_endian != 2)
197 target_big_endian = this_emulation->default_endian;
199 if (this_emulation->fake_label_name == 0)
201 if (this_emulation->leading_underscore)
202 this_emulation->fake_label_name = "L0\001";
204 /* What other parameters should we test? */
205 this_emulation->fake_label_name = ".L0\001";
211 * Since it is easy to do here we interpret the special arg "-"
212 * to mean "use stdin" and we set that argv[] pointing to "".
213 * After we have munged argv[], the only things left are source file
214 * name(s) and ""(s) denoting stdin. These file names are used
215 * (perhaps more than once) later.
217 * check for new machine-dep cmdline options in
218 * md_parse_option definitions in config/tc-*.c
222 parse_args (pargc, pargv)
226 int old_argc, new_argc;
227 char **old_argv, **new_argv;
229 /* Starting the short option string with '-' is for programs that
230 expect options and other ARGV-elements in any order and that care about
231 the ordering of the two. We describe each non-option ARGV-element
232 as if it were the argument of an option with character code 1. */
235 extern CONST char *md_shortopts;
236 static const char std_shortopts[] =
239 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
240 /* -K is not meaningful if .word is not being hacked. */
243 'L', 'M', 'R', 'W', 'Z', 'f', 'a', ':', ':', 'D', 'I', ':', 'o', ':',
245 /* -v takes an argument on VMS, so we don't make it a generic
252 struct option *longopts;
253 extern struct option md_longopts[];
254 extern size_t md_longopts_size;
255 static const struct option std_longopts[] = {
256 #define OPTION_HELP (OPTION_STD_BASE)
257 {"help", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_HELP},
258 {"mri", no_argument, NULL, 'M'},
259 #define OPTION_NOCPP (OPTION_STD_BASE + 1)
260 {"nocpp", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_NOCPP},
261 #define OPTION_STATISTICS (OPTION_STD_BASE + 2)
262 {"statistics", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_STATISTICS},
263 #define OPTION_VERSION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 3)
264 {"version", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERSION},
265 #define OPTION_DUMPCONFIG (OPTION_STD_BASE + 4)
266 {"dump-config", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_DUMPCONFIG},
267 #define OPTION_VERBOSE (OPTION_STD_BASE + 5)
268 {"verbose", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_VERBOSE},
269 #define OPTION_EMULATION (OPTION_STD_BASE + 6)
270 {"emulation", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_EMULATION},
271 #define OPTION_DEFSYM (OPTION_STD_BASE + 7)
272 {"defsym", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_DEFSYM}
275 /* Construct the option lists from the standard list and the
276 target dependent list. */
277 shortopts = concat (std_shortopts, md_shortopts, (char *) NULL);
278 longopts = (struct option *) xmalloc (sizeof (std_longopts) + md_longopts_size);
279 memcpy (longopts, std_longopts, sizeof (std_longopts));
280 memcpy ((char *) longopts + sizeof (std_longopts),
281 md_longopts, md_longopts_size);
283 /* Make a local copy of the old argv. */
287 /* Initialize a new argv that contains no options. */
288 new_argv = (char **) xmalloc (sizeof (char *) * (old_argc + 1));
289 new_argv[0] = old_argv[0];
291 new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
295 /* getopt_long_only is like getopt_long, but '-' as well as '--' can
296 indicate a long option. */
298 int optc = getopt_long_only (old_argc, old_argv, shortopts, longopts,
307 /* md_parse_option should return 1 if it recognizes optc,
309 if (md_parse_option (optc, optarg) != 0)
311 /* `-v' isn't included in the general short_opts list, so check for
312 it explicity here before deciding we've gotten a bad argument. */
316 /* Telling getopt to treat -v's value as optional can result
317 in it picking up a following filename argument here. The
318 VMS code in md_parse_option can return 0 in that case,
319 but it has no way of pushing the filename argument back. */
320 if (optarg && *optarg)
321 new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg, new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
335 case 1: /* File name. */
336 if (!strcmp (optarg, "-"))
338 new_argv[new_argc++] = optarg;
339 new_argv[new_argc] = NULL;
349 case OPTION_STATISTICS:
350 flag_print_statistics = 1;
357 case OPTION_EMULATION:
358 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
359 if (strcmp (optarg, this_emulation->name))
360 as_fatal ("multiple emulation names specified");
362 as_fatal ("emulations not handled in this configuration");
366 case OPTION_DUMPCONFIG:
367 fprintf (stderr, "alias = %s\n", TARGET_ALIAS);
368 fprintf (stderr, "canonical = %s\n", TARGET_CANONICAL);
369 fprintf (stderr, "cpu-type = %s\n", TARGET_CPU);
370 #ifdef TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT
371 fprintf (stderr, "format = %s\n", TARGET_OBJ_FORMAT);
374 fprintf (stderr, "bfd-target = %s\n", TARGET_FORMAT);
384 for (s = optarg; *s != '\0' && *s != '='; s++)
387 as_fatal ("bad defsym; format is --defsym name=value");
389 i = strtol (s, (char **) NULL, 0);
390 sym = symbol_new (optarg, absolute_section, (valueT) i,
392 symbol_table_insert (sym);
397 flag_signed_overflow_ok = 1;
400 #ifndef WORKING_DOT_WORD
402 flag_warn_displacement = 1;
407 flag_keep_locals = 1;
418 flag_readonly_data_in_text = 1;
422 flag_no_warnings = 1;
426 flag_always_generate_output = 1;
437 listing |= LISTING_NODEBUG;
440 listing |= LISTING_HLL;
443 listing |= LISTING_LISTING;
446 listing |= LISTING_NOFORM;
449 listing |= LISTING_SYMBOLS;
452 listing_filename = xstrdup (optarg + 1);
453 optarg += strlen (listing_filename);
456 as_fatal ("invalid listing option `%c'", *optarg);
463 listing = LISTING_DEFAULT;
467 /* DEBUG is implemented: it debugs different */
468 /* things from other people's assemblers. */
473 flag_no_comments = 1;
477 { /* Include file directory */
478 char *temp = xstrdup (optarg);
479 add_include_dir (temp);
484 out_file_name = xstrdup (optarg);
491 /* -X means treat warnings as errors */
503 static void dump_statistics ();
504 static long start_time;
515 start_time = get_run_time ();
520 extern long _bfd_chunksize;
526 #ifdef HOST_SPECIAL_INIT
527 HOST_SPECIAL_INIT (argc, argv);
531 xmalloc_set_program_name (myname);
533 START_PROGRESS (myname, 0);
535 #ifndef OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME
536 #define OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME "a.out"
539 out_file_name = OBJ_DEFAULT_OUTPUT_FILE_NAME;
544 bfd_set_error_program_name (myname);
547 #ifdef USE_EMULATIONS
548 select_emulation_mode (argc, argv);
555 parse_args (&argc, &argv);
557 input_scrub_begin ();
560 if (flag_print_statistics)
561 xatexit (dump_statistics);
566 macro_strip_at = flag_mri;
569 /* For compatibility with the AMD 29K family macro assembler
575 macro_init (macro_alternate, flag_mri, macro_strip_at, macro_expr);
580 output_file_create (out_file_name);
581 assert (stdoutput != 0);
584 #ifdef tc_init_after_args
585 tc_init_after_args ();
590 perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv); /* Assemble it. */
596 if (seen_at_least_1_file ()
597 && !((had_warnings () && flag_always_generate_output)
598 || had_errors () > 0))
604 write_object_file ();
607 listing_print (listing_filename);
610 #ifndef OBJ_VMS /* does its own file handling */
611 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
614 output_file_close (out_file_name);
618 unlink (out_file_name);
622 END_PROGRESS (myname);
624 /* Use xexit instead of return, because under VMS environments they
625 may not place the same interpretation on the value given. */
626 if ((had_warnings () && flag_always_generate_output)
627 || had_errors () > 0)
628 xexit (EXIT_FAILURE);
629 xexit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
635 extern char **environ;
637 char *lim = (char *) sbrk (0);
639 long run_time = get_run_time () - start_time;
641 fprintf (stderr, "%s: total time in assembly: %ld.%06ld\n",
642 myname, run_time / 1000000, run_time % 1000000);
644 fprintf (stderr, "%s: data size %ld\n",
645 myname, (long) (lim - (char *) &environ));
648 subsegs_print_statistics (stderr);
649 write_print_statistics (stderr);
650 symbol_print_statistics (stderr);
651 read_print_statistics (stderr);
653 #ifdef tc_print_statistics
654 tc_print_statistics (stderr);
656 #ifdef obj_print_statistics
657 obj_print_statistics (stderr);
662 /* perform_an_assembly_pass()
664 * Here to attempt 1 pass over each input file.
665 * We scan argv[*] looking for filenames or exactly "" which is
666 * shorthand for stdin. Any argv that is NULL is not a file-name.
667 * We set need_pass_2 TRUE if, after this, we still have unresolved
668 * expressions of the form (unknown value)+-(unknown value).
670 * Note the un*x semantics: there is only 1 logical input file, but it
671 * may be a catenation of many 'physical' input files.
674 perform_an_assembly_pass (argc, argv)
685 #ifndef BFD_ASSEMBLER
689 for (i = SEG_E0; i < SEG_UNKNOWN; i++)
690 segment_info[i].fix_root = 0;
692 /* Create the three fixed ones */
697 seg = subseg_new (".wtext", 0);
699 seg = subseg_new (".text", 0);
701 assert (seg == SEG_E0);
702 seg = subseg_new (".data", 0);
703 assert (seg == SEG_E1);
704 seg = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
705 assert (seg == SEG_E2);
707 create_target_segments ();
711 #else /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
712 text_fix_root = NULL;
713 data_fix_root = NULL;
715 #endif /* not MANY_SEGMENTS */
716 #else /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
717 /* Create the standard sections, and those the assembler uses
719 text_section = subseg_new (".text", 0);
720 data_section = subseg_new (".data", 0);
721 bss_section = subseg_new (".bss", 0);
722 /* @@ FIXME -- we're setting the RELOC flag so that sections are assumed
723 to have relocs, otherwise we don't find out in time. */
724 applicable = bfd_applicable_section_flags (stdoutput);
725 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, text_section,
726 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC
727 | SEC_CODE | SEC_READONLY));
728 /* @@ FIXME -- SEC_CODE seems to mean code only, rather than code possibly.*/
729 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, data_section,
730 applicable & (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_RELOC));
731 bfd_set_section_flags (stdoutput, bss_section, applicable & SEC_ALLOC);
732 seg_info (bss_section)->bss = 1;
733 subseg_new (BFD_ABS_SECTION_NAME, 0);
734 subseg_new (BFD_UND_SECTION_NAME, 0);
735 reg_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `reg' section*", 0);
736 expr_section = subseg_new ("*GAS `expr' section*", 0);
738 #endif /* BFD_ASSEMBLER */
740 subseg_set (text_section, 0);
742 /* This may add symbol table entries, which requires having an open BFD,
743 and sections already created, in BFD_ASSEMBLER mode. */
746 argv++; /* skip argv[0] */
747 argc--; /* skip argv[0] */
751 { /* Is it a file-name argument? */
754 /* argv->"" if stdin desired, else->filename */
755 read_a_source_file (*argv);
757 argv++; /* completed that argv */
760 read_a_source_file ("");
761 } /* perform_an_assembly_pass() */
763 /* The interface between the macro code and gas expression handling. */
766 macro_expr (emsg, idx, in, val)
777 hold = input_line_pointer;
778 input_line_pointer = in->ptr + idx;
780 idx = input_line_pointer - in->ptr;
781 input_line_pointer = hold;
783 if (ex.X_op != O_constant)
786 *val = (int) ex.X_add_number;