1 // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Bitcoin Developers
3 // Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
4 // file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
8 // Why base-58 instead of standard base-64 encoding?
9 // - Don't want 0OIl characters that look the same in some fonts and
10 // could be used to create visually identical looking account numbers.
11 // - A string with non-alphanumeric characters is not as easily accepted as an account number.
12 // - E-mail usually won't line-break if there's no punctuation to break at.
13 // - Doubleclicking selects the whole number as one word if it's all alphanumeric.
15 #ifndef BITCOIN_BASE58_H
16 #define BITCOIN_BASE58_H
23 static const char* pszBase58 = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz";
25 // Encode a byte sequence as a base58-encoded string
26 inline std::string EncodeBase58(const unsigned char* pbegin, const unsigned char* pend)
32 // Convert big endian data to little endian
33 // Extra zero at the end make sure bignum will interpret as a positive number
34 std::vector<unsigned char> vchTmp(pend-pbegin+1, 0);
35 reverse_copy(pbegin, pend, vchTmp.begin());
37 // Convert little endian data to bignum
41 // Convert bignum to std::string
43 // Expected size increase from base58 conversion is approximately 137%
44 // use 138% to be safe
45 str.reserve((pend - pbegin) * 138 / 100 + 1);
50 if (!BN_div(&dv, &rem, &bn, &bn58, pctx))
51 throw bignum_error("EncodeBase58 : BN_div failed");
53 unsigned int c = rem.getulong();
57 // Leading zeroes encoded as base58 zeros
58 for (const unsigned char* p = pbegin; p < pend && *p == 0; p++)
61 // Convert little endian std::string to big endian
62 reverse(str.begin(), str.end());
66 // Encode a byte vector as a base58-encoded string
67 inline std::string EncodeBase58(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vch)
69 return EncodeBase58(&vch[0], &vch[0] + vch.size());
72 // Decode a base58-encoded string psz into byte vector vchRet
73 // returns true if decoding is succesful
74 inline bool DecodeBase58(const char* psz, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
84 // Convert big endian string to bignum
85 for (const char* p = psz; *p; p++)
87 const char* p1 = strchr(pszBase58, *p);
96 bnChar.setulong(p1 - pszBase58);
97 if (!BN_mul(&bn, &bn, &bn58, pctx))
98 throw bignum_error("DecodeBase58 : BN_mul failed");
102 // Get bignum as little endian data
103 std::vector<unsigned char> vchTmp = bn.getvch();
105 // Trim off sign byte if present
106 if (vchTmp.size() >= 2 && vchTmp.end()[-1] == 0 && vchTmp.end()[-2] >= 0x80)
107 vchTmp.erase(vchTmp.end()-1);
109 // Restore leading zeros
110 int nLeadingZeros = 0;
111 for (const char* p = psz; *p == pszBase58[0]; p++)
113 vchRet.assign(nLeadingZeros + vchTmp.size(), 0);
115 // Convert little endian data to big endian
116 reverse_copy(vchTmp.begin(), vchTmp.end(), vchRet.end() - vchTmp.size());
120 // Decode a base58-encoded string str into byte vector vchRet
121 // returns true if decoding is succesful
122 inline bool DecodeBase58(const std::string& str, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
124 return DecodeBase58(str.c_str(), vchRet);
130 // Encode a byte vector to a base58-encoded string, including checksum
131 inline std::string EncodeBase58Check(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchIn)
133 // add 4-byte hash check to the end
134 std::vector<unsigned char> vch(vchIn);
135 uint256 hash = Hash(vch.begin(), vch.end());
136 vch.insert(vch.end(), (unsigned char*)&hash, (unsigned char*)&hash + 4);
137 return EncodeBase58(vch);
140 // Decode a base58-encoded string psz that includes a checksum, into byte vector vchRet
141 // returns true if decoding is succesful
142 inline bool DecodeBase58Check(const char* psz, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
144 if (!DecodeBase58(psz, vchRet))
146 if (vchRet.size() < 4)
151 uint256 hash = Hash(vchRet.begin(), vchRet.end()-4);
152 if (memcmp(&hash, &vchRet.end()[-4], 4) != 0)
157 vchRet.resize(vchRet.size()-4);
161 // Decode a base58-encoded string str that includes a checksum, into byte vector vchRet
162 // returns true if decoding is succesful
163 inline bool DecodeBase58Check(const std::string& str, std::vector<unsigned char>& vchRet)
165 return DecodeBase58Check(str.c_str(), vchRet);
172 // Base class for all base58-encoded data
177 unsigned char nVersion;
179 // the actually encoded data
180 std::vector<unsigned char> vchData;
190 // zero the memory, as it may contain sensitive data
191 if (!vchData.empty())
192 memset(&vchData[0], 0, vchData.size());
195 void SetData(int nVersionIn, const void* pdata, size_t nSize)
197 nVersion = nVersionIn;
198 vchData.resize(nSize);
199 if (!vchData.empty())
200 memcpy(&vchData[0], pdata, nSize);
203 void SetData(int nVersionIn, const unsigned char *pbegin, const unsigned char *pend)
205 SetData(nVersionIn, (void*)pbegin, pend - pbegin);
209 bool SetString(const char* psz)
211 std::vector<unsigned char> vchTemp;
212 DecodeBase58Check(psz, vchTemp);
219 nVersion = vchTemp[0];
220 vchData.resize(vchTemp.size() - 1);
221 if (!vchData.empty())
222 memcpy(&vchData[0], &vchTemp[1], vchData.size());
223 memset(&vchTemp[0], 0, vchTemp.size());
227 bool SetString(const std::string& str)
229 return SetString(str.c_str());
232 std::string ToString() const
234 std::vector<unsigned char> vch(1, nVersion);
235 vch.insert(vch.end(), vchData.begin(), vchData.end());
236 return EncodeBase58Check(vch);
239 int CompareTo(const CBase58Data& b58) const
241 if (nVersion < b58.nVersion) return -1;
242 if (nVersion > b58.nVersion) return 1;
243 if (vchData < b58.vchData) return -1;
244 if (vchData > b58.vchData) return 1;
248 bool operator==(const CBase58Data& b58) const { return CompareTo(b58) == 0; }
249 bool operator<=(const CBase58Data& b58) const { return CompareTo(b58) <= 0; }
250 bool operator>=(const CBase58Data& b58) const { return CompareTo(b58) >= 0; }
251 bool operator< (const CBase58Data& b58) const { return CompareTo(b58) < 0; }
252 bool operator> (const CBase58Data& b58) const { return CompareTo(b58) > 0; }
255 // base58-encoded bitcoin addresses
256 // Addresses have version 0 or 111 (testnet)
257 // The data vector contains RIPEMD160(SHA256(pubkey)), where pubkey is the serialized public key
258 class CBitcoinAddress : public CBase58Data
261 void SetHash160(const uint160& hash160)
263 SetData(fTestNet ? 111 : 0, &hash160, 20);
266 void SetPubKey(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey)
268 SetHash160(Hash160(vchPubKey));
273 int nExpectedSize = 20;
274 bool fExpectTestNet = false;
281 fExpectTestNet = true;
287 return fExpectTestNet == fTestNet && vchData.size() == nExpectedSize;
294 CBitcoinAddress(uint160 hash160In)
296 SetHash160(hash160In);
299 CBitcoinAddress(const std::vector<unsigned char>& vchPubKey)
301 SetPubKey(vchPubKey);
304 CBitcoinAddress(const std::string& strAddress)
306 SetString(strAddress);
309 CBitcoinAddress(const char* pszAddress)
311 SetString(pszAddress);
314 uint160 GetHash160() const
316 assert(vchData.size() == 20);
318 memcpy(&hash160, &vchData[0], 20);
323 class CBitcoinSecret : public CBase58Data
326 void SetSecret(const CSecret& vchSecret)
328 SetData(fTestNet ? 239 : 128, &vchSecret[0], vchSecret.size());
334 vchSecret.resize(vchData.size());
335 memcpy(&vchSecret[0], &vchData[0], vchData.size());
341 int nExpectedSize = 32;
342 bool fExpectTestNet = false;
349 fExpectTestNet = true;
355 return fExpectTestNet == fTestNet && vchData.size() == nExpectedSize;
358 CBitcoinSecret(const CSecret& vchSecret)
360 SetSecret(vchSecret);