1 // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 // Copyright (c) 2009-2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
3 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
12 #include "arith_uint256.h"
13 #include "chainparams.h"
14 #include "checkpoints.h"
15 #include "checkqueue.h"
16 #include "consensus/validation.h"
17 #include "deprecation.h"
19 #include "merkleblock.h"
24 #include "txmempool.h"
25 #include "ui_interface.h"
28 #include "utilmoneystr.h"
29 #include "validationinterface.h"
30 #include "wallet/asyncrpcoperation_sendmany.h"
34 #include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
35 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
36 #include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
37 #include <boost/math/distributions/poisson.hpp>
38 #include <boost/thread.hpp>
39 #include <boost/static_assert.hpp>
44 # error "Zcash cannot be compiled without assertions."
51 CCriticalSection cs_main;
53 BlockMap mapBlockIndex;
55 CBlockIndex *pindexBestHeader = NULL;
56 int64_t nTimeBestReceived = 0;
57 CWaitableCriticalSection csBestBlock;
58 CConditionVariable cvBlockChange;
59 int nScriptCheckThreads = 0;
60 bool fExperimentalMode = false;
61 bool fImporting = false;
62 bool fReindex = false;
63 bool fTxIndex = false;
64 bool fHavePruned = false;
65 bool fPruneMode = false;
66 bool fIsBareMultisigStd = true;
67 bool fCheckBlockIndex = false;
68 bool fCheckpointsEnabled = true;
69 bool fCoinbaseEnforcedProtectionEnabled = true;
70 size_t nCoinCacheUsage = 5000 * 300;
71 uint64_t nPruneTarget = 0;
72 bool fAlerts = DEFAULT_ALERTS;
74 /** Fees smaller than this (in satoshi) are considered zero fee (for relaying and mining) */
75 CFeeRate minRelayTxFee = CFeeRate(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE);
77 CTxMemPool mempool(::minRelayTxFee);
83 map<uint256, COrphanTx> mapOrphanTransactions GUARDED_BY(cs_main);;
84 map<uint256, set<uint256> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev GUARDED_BY(cs_main);;
85 void EraseOrphansFor(NodeId peer) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main);
88 * Returns true if there are nRequired or more blocks of minVersion or above
89 * in the last Consensus::Params::nMajorityWindow blocks, starting at pstart and going backwards.
91 static bool IsSuperMajority(int minVersion, const CBlockIndex* pstart, unsigned nRequired, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams);
92 static void CheckBlockIndex();
94 /** Constant stuff for coinbase transactions we create: */
95 CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;
97 const string strMessageMagic = "Zcash Signed Message:\n";
102 struct CBlockIndexWorkComparator
104 bool operator()(CBlockIndex *pa, CBlockIndex *pb) const {
105 // First sort by most total work, ...
106 if (pa->nChainWork > pb->nChainWork) return false;
107 if (pa->nChainWork < pb->nChainWork) return true;
109 // ... then by earliest time received, ...
110 if (pa->nSequenceId < pb->nSequenceId) return false;
111 if (pa->nSequenceId > pb->nSequenceId) return true;
113 // Use pointer address as tie breaker (should only happen with blocks
114 // loaded from disk, as those all have id 0).
115 if (pa < pb) return false;
116 if (pa > pb) return true;
123 CBlockIndex *pindexBestInvalid;
126 * The set of all CBlockIndex entries with BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS (for itself and all ancestors) and
127 * as good as our current tip or better. Entries may be failed, though, and pruning nodes may be
128 * missing the data for the block.
130 set<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndexWorkComparator> setBlockIndexCandidates;
131 /** Number of nodes with fSyncStarted. */
132 int nSyncStarted = 0;
133 /** All pairs A->B, where A (or one if its ancestors) misses transactions, but B has transactions.
134 * Pruned nodes may have entries where B is missing data.
136 multimap<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndex*> mapBlocksUnlinked;
138 CCriticalSection cs_LastBlockFile;
139 std::vector<CBlockFileInfo> vinfoBlockFile;
140 int nLastBlockFile = 0;
141 /** Global flag to indicate we should check to see if there are
142 * block/undo files that should be deleted. Set on startup
143 * or if we allocate more file space when we're in prune mode
145 bool fCheckForPruning = false;
148 * Every received block is assigned a unique and increasing identifier, so we
149 * know which one to give priority in case of a fork.
151 CCriticalSection cs_nBlockSequenceId;
152 /** Blocks loaded from disk are assigned id 0, so start the counter at 1. */
153 uint32_t nBlockSequenceId = 1;
156 * Sources of received blocks, saved to be able to send them reject
157 * messages or ban them when processing happens afterwards. Protected by
160 map<uint256, NodeId> mapBlockSource;
163 * Filter for transactions that were recently rejected by
164 * AcceptToMemoryPool. These are not rerequested until the chain tip
165 * changes, at which point the entire filter is reset. Protected by
168 * Without this filter we'd be re-requesting txs from each of our peers,
169 * increasing bandwidth consumption considerably. For instance, with 100
170 * peers, half of which relay a tx we don't accept, that might be a 50x
171 * bandwidth increase. A flooding attacker attempting to roll-over the
172 * filter using minimum-sized, 60byte, transactions might manage to send
173 * 1000/sec if we have fast peers, so we pick 120,000 to give our peers a
174 * two minute window to send invs to us.
176 * Decreasing the false positive rate is fairly cheap, so we pick one in a
177 * million to make it highly unlikely for users to have issues with this
182 boost::scoped_ptr<CRollingBloomFilter> recentRejects;
183 uint256 hashRecentRejectsChainTip;
185 /** Blocks that are in flight, and that are in the queue to be downloaded. Protected by cs_main. */
188 CBlockIndex *pindex; //! Optional.
189 int64_t nTime; //! Time of "getdata" request in microseconds.
190 bool fValidatedHeaders; //! Whether this block has validated headers at the time of request.
191 int64_t nTimeDisconnect; //! The timeout for this block request (for disconnecting a slow peer)
193 map<uint256, pair<NodeId, list<QueuedBlock>::iterator> > mapBlocksInFlight;
195 /** Number of blocks in flight with validated headers. */
196 int nQueuedValidatedHeaders = 0;
198 /** Number of preferable block download peers. */
199 int nPreferredDownload = 0;
201 /** Dirty block index entries. */
202 set<CBlockIndex*> setDirtyBlockIndex;
204 /** Dirty block file entries. */
205 set<int> setDirtyFileInfo;
208 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
210 // Registration of network node signals.
215 struct CBlockReject {
216 unsigned char chRejectCode;
217 string strRejectReason;
222 * Maintain validation-specific state about nodes, protected by cs_main, instead
223 * by CNode's own locks. This simplifies asynchronous operation, where
224 * processing of incoming data is done after the ProcessMessage call returns,
225 * and we're no longer holding the node's locks.
228 //! The peer's address
230 //! Whether we have a fully established connection.
231 bool fCurrentlyConnected;
232 //! Accumulated misbehaviour score for this peer.
234 //! Whether this peer should be disconnected and banned (unless whitelisted).
236 //! String name of this peer (debugging/logging purposes).
238 //! List of asynchronously-determined block rejections to notify this peer about.
239 std::vector<CBlockReject> rejects;
240 //! The best known block we know this peer has announced.
241 CBlockIndex *pindexBestKnownBlock;
242 //! The hash of the last unknown block this peer has announced.
243 uint256 hashLastUnknownBlock;
244 //! The last full block we both have.
245 CBlockIndex *pindexLastCommonBlock;
246 //! Whether we've started headers synchronization with this peer.
248 //! Since when we're stalling block download progress (in microseconds), or 0.
249 int64_t nStallingSince;
250 list<QueuedBlock> vBlocksInFlight;
252 int nBlocksInFlightValidHeaders;
253 //! Whether we consider this a preferred download peer.
254 bool fPreferredDownload;
257 fCurrentlyConnected = false;
260 pindexBestKnownBlock = NULL;
261 hashLastUnknownBlock.SetNull();
262 pindexLastCommonBlock = NULL;
263 fSyncStarted = false;
266 nBlocksInFlightValidHeaders = 0;
267 fPreferredDownload = false;
271 /** Map maintaining per-node state. Requires cs_main. */
272 map<NodeId, CNodeState> mapNodeState;
275 CNodeState *State(NodeId pnode) {
276 map<NodeId, CNodeState>::iterator it = mapNodeState.find(pnode);
277 if (it == mapNodeState.end())
285 return chainActive.Height();
288 void UpdatePreferredDownload(CNode* node, CNodeState* state)
290 nPreferredDownload -= state->fPreferredDownload;
292 // Whether this node should be marked as a preferred download node.
293 state->fPreferredDownload = (!node->fInbound || node->fWhitelisted) && !node->fOneShot && !node->fClient;
295 nPreferredDownload += state->fPreferredDownload;
298 // Returns time at which to timeout block request (nTime in microseconds)
299 int64_t GetBlockTimeout(int64_t nTime, int nValidatedQueuedBefore, const Consensus::Params &consensusParams)
301 return nTime + 500000 * consensusParams.nPowTargetSpacing * (4 + nValidatedQueuedBefore);
304 void InitializeNode(NodeId nodeid, const CNode *pnode) {
306 CNodeState &state = mapNodeState.insert(std::make_pair(nodeid, CNodeState())).first->second;
307 state.name = pnode->addrName;
308 state.address = pnode->addr;
311 void FinalizeNode(NodeId nodeid) {
313 CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
315 if (state->fSyncStarted)
318 if (state->nMisbehavior == 0 && state->fCurrentlyConnected) {
319 AddressCurrentlyConnected(state->address);
322 BOOST_FOREACH(const QueuedBlock& entry, state->vBlocksInFlight)
323 mapBlocksInFlight.erase(entry.hash);
324 EraseOrphansFor(nodeid);
325 nPreferredDownload -= state->fPreferredDownload;
327 mapNodeState.erase(nodeid);
331 // Returns a bool indicating whether we requested this block.
332 bool MarkBlockAsReceived(const uint256& hash) {
333 map<uint256, pair<NodeId, list<QueuedBlock>::iterator> >::iterator itInFlight = mapBlocksInFlight.find(hash);
334 if (itInFlight != mapBlocksInFlight.end()) {
335 CNodeState *state = State(itInFlight->second.first);
336 nQueuedValidatedHeaders -= itInFlight->second.second->fValidatedHeaders;
337 state->nBlocksInFlightValidHeaders -= itInFlight->second.second->fValidatedHeaders;
338 state->vBlocksInFlight.erase(itInFlight->second.second);
339 state->nBlocksInFlight--;
340 state->nStallingSince = 0;
341 mapBlocksInFlight.erase(itInFlight);
348 void MarkBlockAsInFlight(NodeId nodeid, const uint256& hash, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, CBlockIndex *pindex = NULL) {
349 CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
350 assert(state != NULL);
352 // Make sure it's not listed somewhere already.
353 MarkBlockAsReceived(hash);
355 int64_t nNow = GetTimeMicros();
356 QueuedBlock newentry = {hash, pindex, nNow, pindex != NULL, GetBlockTimeout(nNow, nQueuedValidatedHeaders, consensusParams)};
357 nQueuedValidatedHeaders += newentry.fValidatedHeaders;
358 list<QueuedBlock>::iterator it = state->vBlocksInFlight.insert(state->vBlocksInFlight.end(), newentry);
359 state->nBlocksInFlight++;
360 state->nBlocksInFlightValidHeaders += newentry.fValidatedHeaders;
361 mapBlocksInFlight[hash] = std::make_pair(nodeid, it);
364 /** Check whether the last unknown block a peer advertized is not yet known. */
365 void ProcessBlockAvailability(NodeId nodeid) {
366 CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
367 assert(state != NULL);
369 if (!state->hashLastUnknownBlock.IsNull()) {
370 BlockMap::iterator itOld = mapBlockIndex.find(state->hashLastUnknownBlock);
371 if (itOld != mapBlockIndex.end() && itOld->second->nChainWork > 0) {
372 if (state->pindexBestKnownBlock == NULL || itOld->second->nChainWork >= state->pindexBestKnownBlock->nChainWork)
373 state->pindexBestKnownBlock = itOld->second;
374 state->hashLastUnknownBlock.SetNull();
379 /** Update tracking information about which blocks a peer is assumed to have. */
380 void UpdateBlockAvailability(NodeId nodeid, const uint256 &hash) {
381 CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
382 assert(state != NULL);
384 ProcessBlockAvailability(nodeid);
386 BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
387 if (it != mapBlockIndex.end() && it->second->nChainWork > 0) {
388 // An actually better block was announced.
389 if (state->pindexBestKnownBlock == NULL || it->second->nChainWork >= state->pindexBestKnownBlock->nChainWork)
390 state->pindexBestKnownBlock = it->second;
392 // An unknown block was announced; just assume that the latest one is the best one.
393 state->hashLastUnknownBlock = hash;
397 /** Find the last common ancestor two blocks have.
398 * Both pa and pb must be non-NULL. */
399 CBlockIndex* LastCommonAncestor(CBlockIndex* pa, CBlockIndex* pb) {
400 if (pa->nHeight > pb->nHeight) {
401 pa = pa->GetAncestor(pb->nHeight);
402 } else if (pb->nHeight > pa->nHeight) {
403 pb = pb->GetAncestor(pa->nHeight);
406 while (pa != pb && pa && pb) {
411 // Eventually all chain branches meet at the genesis block.
416 /** Update pindexLastCommonBlock and add not-in-flight missing successors to vBlocks, until it has
417 * at most count entries. */
418 void FindNextBlocksToDownload(NodeId nodeid, unsigned int count, std::vector<CBlockIndex*>& vBlocks, NodeId& nodeStaller) {
422 vBlocks.reserve(vBlocks.size() + count);
423 CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
424 assert(state != NULL);
426 // Make sure pindexBestKnownBlock is up to date, we'll need it.
427 ProcessBlockAvailability(nodeid);
429 if (state->pindexBestKnownBlock == NULL || state->pindexBestKnownBlock->nChainWork < chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork) {
430 // This peer has nothing interesting.
434 if (state->pindexLastCommonBlock == NULL) {
435 // Bootstrap quickly by guessing a parent of our best tip is the forking point.
436 // Guessing wrong in either direction is not a problem.
437 state->pindexLastCommonBlock = chainActive[std::min(state->pindexBestKnownBlock->nHeight, chainActive.Height())];
440 // If the peer reorganized, our previous pindexLastCommonBlock may not be an ancestor
441 // of its current tip anymore. Go back enough to fix that.
442 state->pindexLastCommonBlock = LastCommonAncestor(state->pindexLastCommonBlock, state->pindexBestKnownBlock);
443 if (state->pindexLastCommonBlock == state->pindexBestKnownBlock)
446 std::vector<CBlockIndex*> vToFetch;
447 CBlockIndex *pindexWalk = state->pindexLastCommonBlock;
448 // Never fetch further than the best block we know the peer has, or more than BLOCK_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW + 1 beyond the last
449 // linked block we have in common with this peer. The +1 is so we can detect stalling, namely if we would be able to
450 // download that next block if the window were 1 larger.
451 int nWindowEnd = state->pindexLastCommonBlock->nHeight + BLOCK_DOWNLOAD_WINDOW;
452 int nMaxHeight = std::min<int>(state->pindexBestKnownBlock->nHeight, nWindowEnd + 1);
453 NodeId waitingfor = -1;
454 while (pindexWalk->nHeight < nMaxHeight) {
455 // Read up to 128 (or more, if more blocks than that are needed) successors of pindexWalk (towards
456 // pindexBestKnownBlock) into vToFetch. We fetch 128, because CBlockIndex::GetAncestor may be as expensive
457 // as iterating over ~100 CBlockIndex* entries anyway.
458 int nToFetch = std::min(nMaxHeight - pindexWalk->nHeight, std::max<int>(count - vBlocks.size(), 128));
459 vToFetch.resize(nToFetch);
460 pindexWalk = state->pindexBestKnownBlock->GetAncestor(pindexWalk->nHeight + nToFetch);
461 vToFetch[nToFetch - 1] = pindexWalk;
462 for (unsigned int i = nToFetch - 1; i > 0; i--) {
463 vToFetch[i - 1] = vToFetch[i]->pprev;
466 // Iterate over those blocks in vToFetch (in forward direction), adding the ones that
467 // are not yet downloaded and not in flight to vBlocks. In the mean time, update
468 // pindexLastCommonBlock as long as all ancestors are already downloaded, or if it's
469 // already part of our chain (and therefore don't need it even if pruned).
470 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vToFetch) {
471 if (!pindex->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_TREE)) {
472 // We consider the chain that this peer is on invalid.
475 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA || chainActive.Contains(pindex)) {
476 if (pindex->nChainTx)
477 state->pindexLastCommonBlock = pindex;
478 } else if (mapBlocksInFlight.count(pindex->GetBlockHash()) == 0) {
479 // The block is not already downloaded, and not yet in flight.
480 if (pindex->nHeight > nWindowEnd) {
481 // We reached the end of the window.
482 if (vBlocks.size() == 0 && waitingfor != nodeid) {
483 // We aren't able to fetch anything, but we would be if the download window was one larger.
484 nodeStaller = waitingfor;
488 vBlocks.push_back(pindex);
489 if (vBlocks.size() == count) {
492 } else if (waitingfor == -1) {
493 // This is the first already-in-flight block.
494 waitingfor = mapBlocksInFlight[pindex->GetBlockHash()].first;
502 bool GetNodeStateStats(NodeId nodeid, CNodeStateStats &stats) {
504 CNodeState *state = State(nodeid);
507 stats.nMisbehavior = state->nMisbehavior;
508 stats.nSyncHeight = state->pindexBestKnownBlock ? state->pindexBestKnownBlock->nHeight : -1;
509 stats.nCommonHeight = state->pindexLastCommonBlock ? state->pindexLastCommonBlock->nHeight : -1;
510 BOOST_FOREACH(const QueuedBlock& queue, state->vBlocksInFlight) {
512 stats.vHeightInFlight.push_back(queue.pindex->nHeight);
517 void RegisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals)
519 nodeSignals.GetHeight.connect(&GetHeight);
520 nodeSignals.ProcessMessages.connect(&ProcessMessages);
521 nodeSignals.SendMessages.connect(&SendMessages);
522 nodeSignals.InitializeNode.connect(&InitializeNode);
523 nodeSignals.FinalizeNode.connect(&FinalizeNode);
526 void UnregisterNodeSignals(CNodeSignals& nodeSignals)
528 nodeSignals.GetHeight.disconnect(&GetHeight);
529 nodeSignals.ProcessMessages.disconnect(&ProcessMessages);
530 nodeSignals.SendMessages.disconnect(&SendMessages);
531 nodeSignals.InitializeNode.disconnect(&InitializeNode);
532 nodeSignals.FinalizeNode.disconnect(&FinalizeNode);
535 CBlockIndex* FindForkInGlobalIndex(const CChain& chain, const CBlockLocator& locator)
537 // Find the first block the caller has in the main chain
538 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& hash, locator.vHave) {
539 BlockMap::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
540 if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
542 CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
543 if (chain.Contains(pindex))
547 return chain.Genesis();
550 CCoinsViewCache *pcoinsTip = NULL;
551 CBlockTreeDB *pblocktree = NULL;
553 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
555 // mapOrphanTransactions
558 bool AddOrphanTx(const CTransaction& tx, NodeId peer) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
560 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
561 if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
564 // Ignore big transactions, to avoid a
565 // send-big-orphans memory exhaustion attack. If a peer has a legitimate
566 // large transaction with a missing parent then we assume
567 // it will rebroadcast it later, after the parent transaction(s)
568 // have been mined or received.
569 // 10,000 orphans, each of which is at most 5,000 bytes big is
570 // at most 500 megabytes of orphans:
571 unsigned int sz = tx.GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, tx.nVersion);
574 LogPrint("mempool", "ignoring large orphan tx (size: %u, hash: %s)\n", sz, hash.ToString());
578 mapOrphanTransactions[hash].tx = tx;
579 mapOrphanTransactions[hash].fromPeer = peer;
580 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
581 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(hash);
583 LogPrint("mempool", "stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %u prevsz %u)\n", hash.ToString(),
584 mapOrphanTransactions.size(), mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.size());
588 void static EraseOrphanTx(uint256 hash) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
590 map<uint256, COrphanTx>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.find(hash);
591 if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
593 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, it->second.tx.vin)
595 map<uint256, set<uint256> >::iterator itPrev = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.find(txin.prevout.hash);
596 if (itPrev == mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.end())
598 itPrev->second.erase(hash);
599 if (itPrev->second.empty())
600 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(itPrev);
602 mapOrphanTransactions.erase(it);
605 void EraseOrphansFor(NodeId peer)
608 map<uint256, COrphanTx>::iterator iter = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
609 while (iter != mapOrphanTransactions.end())
611 map<uint256, COrphanTx>::iterator maybeErase = iter++; // increment to avoid iterator becoming invalid
612 if (maybeErase->second.fromPeer == peer)
614 EraseOrphanTx(maybeErase->second.tx.GetHash());
618 if (nErased > 0) LogPrint("mempool", "Erased %d orphan tx from peer %d\n", nErased, peer);
622 unsigned int LimitOrphanTxSize(unsigned int nMaxOrphans) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
624 unsigned int nEvicted = 0;
625 while (mapOrphanTransactions.size() > nMaxOrphans)
627 // Evict a random orphan:
628 uint256 randomhash = GetRandHash();
629 map<uint256, COrphanTx>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
630 if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
631 it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
632 EraseOrphanTx(it->first);
644 bool IsStandardTx(const CTransaction& tx, string& reason)
646 if (tx.nVersion > CTransaction::MAX_CURRENT_VERSION || tx.nVersion < CTransaction::MIN_CURRENT_VERSION) {
651 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
653 // Biggest 'standard' txin is a 15-of-15 P2SH multisig with compressed
654 // keys. (remember the 520 byte limit on redeemScript size) That works
655 // out to a (15*(33+1))+3=513 byte redeemScript, 513+1+15*(73+1)+3=1627
656 // bytes of scriptSig, which we round off to 1650 bytes for some minor
657 // future-proofing. That's also enough to spend a 20-of-20
658 // CHECKMULTISIG scriptPubKey, though such a scriptPubKey is not
659 // considered standard)
660 if (txin.scriptSig.size() > 1650) {
661 reason = "scriptsig-size";
664 if (!txin.scriptSig.IsPushOnly()) {
665 reason = "scriptsig-not-pushonly";
670 unsigned int nDataOut = 0;
671 txnouttype whichType;
672 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, tx.vout) {
673 if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey, whichType)) {
674 reason = "scriptpubkey";
678 if (whichType == TX_NULL_DATA)
680 else if ((whichType == TX_MULTISIG) && (!fIsBareMultisigStd)) {
681 reason = "bare-multisig";
683 } else if (txout.IsDust(::minRelayTxFee)) {
689 // only one OP_RETURN txout is permitted
691 reason = "multi-op-return";
698 bool IsFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int nBlockHeight, int64_t nBlockTime)
700 if (tx.nLockTime == 0)
702 if ((int64_t)tx.nLockTime < ((int64_t)tx.nLockTime < LOCKTIME_THRESHOLD ? (int64_t)nBlockHeight : nBlockTime))
704 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
710 bool CheckFinalTx(const CTransaction &tx, int flags)
712 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
714 // By convention a negative value for flags indicates that the
715 // current network-enforced consensus rules should be used. In
716 // a future soft-fork scenario that would mean checking which
717 // rules would be enforced for the next block and setting the
718 // appropriate flags. At the present time no soft-forks are
719 // scheduled, so no flags are set.
720 flags = std::max(flags, 0);
722 // CheckFinalTx() uses chainActive.Height()+1 to evaluate
723 // nLockTime because when IsFinalTx() is called within
724 // CBlock::AcceptBlock(), the height of the block *being*
725 // evaluated is what is used. Thus if we want to know if a
726 // transaction can be part of the *next* block, we need to call
727 // IsFinalTx() with one more than chainActive.Height().
728 const int nBlockHeight = chainActive.Height() + 1;
730 // Timestamps on the other hand don't get any special treatment,
731 // because we can't know what timestamp the next block will have,
732 // and there aren't timestamp applications where it matters.
733 // However this changes once median past time-locks are enforced:
734 const int64_t nBlockTime = (flags & LOCKTIME_MEDIAN_TIME_PAST)
735 ? chainActive.Tip()->GetMedianTimePast()
738 return IsFinalTx(tx, nBlockHeight, nBlockTime);
742 * Check transaction inputs to mitigate two
743 * potential denial-of-service attacks:
745 * 1. scriptSigs with extra data stuffed into them,
746 * not consumed by scriptPubKey (or P2SH script)
747 * 2. P2SH scripts with a crazy number of expensive
748 * CHECKSIG/CHECKMULTISIG operations
750 bool AreInputsStandard(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs)
753 return true; // Coinbases don't use vin normally
755 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
757 const CTxOut& prev = mapInputs.GetOutputFor(tx.vin[i]);
759 vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions;
760 txnouttype whichType;
761 // get the scriptPubKey corresponding to this input:
762 const CScript& prevScript = prev.scriptPubKey;
763 if (!Solver(prevScript, whichType, vSolutions))
765 int nArgsExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType, vSolutions);
766 if (nArgsExpected < 0)
769 // Transactions with extra stuff in their scriptSigs are
770 // non-standard. Note that this EvalScript() call will
771 // be quick, because if there are any operations
772 // beside "push data" in the scriptSig
773 // IsStandardTx() will have already returned false
774 // and this method isn't called.
775 vector<vector<unsigned char> > stack;
776 if (!EvalScript(stack, tx.vin[i].scriptSig, SCRIPT_VERIFY_NONE, BaseSignatureChecker()))
779 if (whichType == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
783 CScript subscript(stack.back().begin(), stack.back().end());
784 vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions2;
785 txnouttype whichType2;
786 if (Solver(subscript, whichType2, vSolutions2))
788 int tmpExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType2, vSolutions2);
791 nArgsExpected += tmpExpected;
795 // Any other Script with less than 15 sigops OK:
796 unsigned int sigops = subscript.GetSigOpCount(true);
797 // ... extra data left on the stack after execution is OK, too:
798 return (sigops <= MAX_P2SH_SIGOPS);
802 if (stack.size() != (unsigned int)nArgsExpected)
809 unsigned int GetLegacySigOpCount(const CTransaction& tx)
811 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
812 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
814 nSigOps += txin.scriptSig.GetSigOpCount(false);
816 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, tx.vout)
818 nSigOps += txout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(false);
823 unsigned int GetP2SHSigOpCount(const CTransaction& tx, const CCoinsViewCache& inputs)
828 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
829 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
831 const CTxOut &prevout = inputs.GetOutputFor(tx.vin[i]);
832 if (prevout.scriptPubKey.IsPayToScriptHash())
833 nSigOps += prevout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(tx.vin[i].scriptSig);
838 bool CheckTransaction(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state,
839 libzcash::ProofVerifier& verifier)
841 // Don't count coinbase transactions because mining skews the count
842 if (!tx.IsCoinBase()) {
843 transactionsValidated.increment();
846 if (!CheckTransactionWithoutProofVerification(tx, state)) {
849 // Ensure that zk-SNARKs verify
850 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription &joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit) {
851 if (!joinsplit.Verify(*pzcashParams, verifier, tx.joinSplitPubKey)) {
852 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): joinsplit does not verify"),
853 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-joinsplit-verification-failed");
860 bool CheckTransactionWithoutProofVerification(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state)
862 // Basic checks that don't depend on any context
864 // Check transaction version
865 if (tx.nVersion < MIN_TX_VERSION) {
866 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): version too low"),
867 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-version-too-low");
870 // Transactions can contain empty `vin` and `vout` so long as
871 // `vjoinsplit` is non-empty.
872 if (tx.vin.empty() && tx.vjoinsplit.empty())
873 return state.DoS(10, error("CheckTransaction(): vin empty"),
874 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vin-empty");
875 if (tx.vout.empty() && tx.vjoinsplit.empty())
876 return state.DoS(10, error("CheckTransaction(): vout empty"),
877 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vout-empty");
880 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(MAX_BLOCK_SIZE > MAX_TX_SIZE); // sanity
881 if (::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_TX_SIZE)
882 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): size limits failed"),
883 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-oversize");
885 // Check for negative or overflow output values
886 CAmount nValueOut = 0;
887 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, tx.vout)
889 if (txout.nValue < 0)
890 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): txout.nValue negative"),
891 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vout-negative");
892 if (txout.nValue > MAX_MONEY)
893 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): txout.nValue too high"),
894 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vout-toolarge");
895 nValueOut += txout.nValue;
896 if (!MoneyRange(nValueOut))
897 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): txout total out of range"),
898 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-txouttotal-toolarge");
901 // Ensure that joinsplit values are well-formed
902 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription& joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit)
904 if (joinsplit.vpub_old < 0) {
905 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): joinsplit.vpub_old negative"),
906 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vpub_old-negative");
909 if (joinsplit.vpub_new < 0) {
910 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): joinsplit.vpub_new negative"),
911 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vpub_new-negative");
914 if (joinsplit.vpub_old > MAX_MONEY) {
915 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): joinsplit.vpub_old too high"),
916 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vpub_old-toolarge");
919 if (joinsplit.vpub_new > MAX_MONEY) {
920 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): joinsplit.vpub_new too high"),
921 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vpub_new-toolarge");
924 if (joinsplit.vpub_new != 0 && joinsplit.vpub_old != 0) {
925 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): joinsplit.vpub_new and joinsplit.vpub_old both nonzero"),
926 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-vpubs-both-nonzero");
929 nValueOut += joinsplit.vpub_old;
930 if (!MoneyRange(nValueOut)) {
931 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): txout total out of range"),
932 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-txouttotal-toolarge");
936 // Ensure input values do not exceed MAX_MONEY
937 // We have not resolved the txin values at this stage,
938 // but we do know what the joinsplits claim to add
939 // to the value pool.
941 CAmount nValueIn = 0;
942 for (std::vector<JSDescription>::const_iterator it(tx.vjoinsplit.begin()); it != tx.vjoinsplit.end(); ++it)
944 nValueIn += it->vpub_new;
946 if (!MoneyRange(it->vpub_new) || !MoneyRange(nValueIn)) {
947 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): txin total out of range"),
948 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-txintotal-toolarge");
954 // Check for duplicate inputs
955 set<COutPoint> vInOutPoints;
956 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
958 if (vInOutPoints.count(txin.prevout))
959 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): duplicate inputs"),
960 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-inputs-duplicate");
961 vInOutPoints.insert(txin.prevout);
964 // Check for duplicate joinsplit nullifiers in this transaction
965 set<uint256> vJoinSplitNullifiers;
966 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription& joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit)
968 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256& nf, joinsplit.nullifiers)
970 if (vJoinSplitNullifiers.count(nf))
971 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): duplicate nullifiers"),
972 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-joinsplits-nullifiers-duplicate");
974 vJoinSplitNullifiers.insert(nf);
980 // There should be no joinsplits in a coinbase transaction
981 if (tx.vjoinsplit.size() > 0)
982 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): coinbase has joinsplits"),
983 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-cb-has-joinsplits");
985 if (tx.vin[0].scriptSig.size() < 2 || tx.vin[0].scriptSig.size() > 100)
986 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): coinbase script size"),
987 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-cb-length");
991 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
992 if (txin.prevout.IsNull())
993 return state.DoS(10, error("CheckTransaction(): prevout is null"),
994 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-prevout-null");
996 if (tx.vjoinsplit.size() > 0) {
997 // Empty output script.
999 uint256 dataToBeSigned;
1001 dataToBeSigned = SignatureHash(scriptCode, tx, NOT_AN_INPUT, SIGHASH_ALL);
1002 } catch (std::logic_error ex) {
1003 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): error computing signature hash"),
1004 REJECT_INVALID, "error-computing-signature-hash");
1007 BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT(crypto_sign_PUBLICKEYBYTES == 32);
1009 // We rely on libsodium to check that the signature is canonical.
1010 // https://github.com/jedisct1/libsodium/commit/62911edb7ff2275cccd74bf1c8aefcc4d76924e0
1011 if (crypto_sign_verify_detached(&tx.joinSplitSig[0],
1012 dataToBeSigned.begin(), 32,
1013 tx.joinSplitPubKey.begin()
1015 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckTransaction(): invalid joinsplit signature"),
1016 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-invalid-joinsplit-signature");
1024 CAmount GetMinRelayFee(const CTransaction& tx, unsigned int nBytes, bool fAllowFree)
1028 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
1029 double dPriorityDelta = 0;
1030 CAmount nFeeDelta = 0;
1031 mempool.ApplyDeltas(hash, dPriorityDelta, nFeeDelta);
1032 if (dPriorityDelta > 0 || nFeeDelta > 0)
1036 CAmount nMinFee = ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(nBytes);
1040 // There is a free transaction area in blocks created by most miners,
1041 // * If we are relaying we allow transactions up to DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE - 1000
1042 // to be considered to fall into this category. We don't want to encourage sending
1043 // multiple transactions instead of one big transaction to avoid fees.
1044 if (nBytes < (DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE - 1000))
1048 if (!MoneyRange(nMinFee))
1049 nMinFee = MAX_MONEY;
1054 bool AcceptToMemoryPool(CTxMemPool& pool, CValidationState &state, const CTransaction &tx, bool fLimitFree,
1055 bool* pfMissingInputs, bool fRejectAbsurdFee)
1057 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
1058 if (pfMissingInputs)
1059 *pfMissingInputs = false;
1061 auto verifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Strict();
1062 if (!CheckTransaction(tx, state, verifier))
1063 return error("AcceptToMemoryPool: CheckTransaction failed");
1065 // Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
1066 if (tx.IsCoinBase())
1067 return state.DoS(100, error("AcceptToMemoryPool: coinbase as individual tx"),
1068 REJECT_INVALID, "coinbase");
1070 // Rather not work on nonstandard transactions (unless -testnet/-regtest)
1072 if (Params().RequireStandard() && !IsStandardTx(tx, reason))
1074 error("AcceptToMemoryPool: nonstandard transaction: %s", reason),
1075 REJECT_NONSTANDARD, reason);
1077 // Only accept nLockTime-using transactions that can be mined in the next
1078 // block; we don't want our mempool filled up with transactions that can't
1080 if (!CheckFinalTx(tx, STANDARD_LOCKTIME_VERIFY_FLAGS))
1081 return state.DoS(0, false, REJECT_NONSTANDARD, "non-final");
1083 // is it already in the memory pool?
1084 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
1085 if (pool.exists(hash))
1088 // Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions
1090 LOCK(pool.cs); // protect pool.mapNextTx
1091 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
1093 COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;
1094 if (pool.mapNextTx.count(outpoint))
1096 // Disable replacement feature for now
1100 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription &joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit) {
1101 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256 &nf, joinsplit.nullifiers) {
1102 if (pool.mapNullifiers.count(nf))
1112 CCoinsViewCache view(&dummy);
1114 CAmount nValueIn = 0;
1117 CCoinsViewMemPool viewMemPool(pcoinsTip, pool);
1118 view.SetBackend(viewMemPool);
1120 // do we already have it?
1121 if (view.HaveCoins(hash))
1124 // do all inputs exist?
1125 // Note that this does not check for the presence of actual outputs (see the next check for that),
1126 // and only helps with filling in pfMissingInputs (to determine missing vs spent).
1127 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn txin, tx.vin) {
1128 if (!view.HaveCoins(txin.prevout.hash)) {
1129 if (pfMissingInputs)
1130 *pfMissingInputs = true;
1135 // are the actual inputs available?
1136 if (!view.HaveInputs(tx))
1137 return state.Invalid(error("AcceptToMemoryPool: inputs already spent"),
1138 REJECT_DUPLICATE, "bad-txns-inputs-spent");
1140 // are the joinsplit's requirements met?
1141 if (!view.HaveJoinSplitRequirements(tx))
1142 return state.Invalid(error("AcceptToMemoryPool: joinsplit requirements not met"),
1143 REJECT_DUPLICATE, "bad-txns-joinsplit-requirements-not-met");
1145 // Bring the best block into scope
1146 view.GetBestBlock();
1148 nValueIn = view.GetValueIn(tx);
1150 // we have all inputs cached now, so switch back to dummy, so we don't need to keep lock on mempool
1151 view.SetBackend(dummy);
1154 // Check for non-standard pay-to-script-hash in inputs
1155 if (Params().RequireStandard() && !AreInputsStandard(tx, view))
1156 return error("AcceptToMemoryPool: nonstandard transaction input");
1158 // Check that the transaction doesn't have an excessive number of
1159 // sigops, making it impossible to mine. Since the coinbase transaction
1160 // itself can contain sigops MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIGOPS is less than
1161 // MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS; we still consider this an invalid rather than
1162 // merely non-standard transaction.
1163 unsigned int nSigOps = GetLegacySigOpCount(tx);
1164 nSigOps += GetP2SHSigOpCount(tx, view);
1165 if (nSigOps > MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIGOPS)
1167 error("AcceptToMemoryPool: too many sigops %s, %d > %d",
1168 hash.ToString(), nSigOps, MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIGOPS),
1169 REJECT_NONSTANDARD, "bad-txns-too-many-sigops");
1171 CAmount nValueOut = tx.GetValueOut();
1172 CAmount nFees = nValueIn-nValueOut;
1173 double dPriority = view.GetPriority(tx, chainActive.Height());
1175 CTxMemPoolEntry entry(tx, nFees, GetTime(), dPriority, chainActive.Height(), mempool.HasNoInputsOf(tx));
1176 unsigned int nSize = entry.GetTxSize();
1178 // Accept a tx if it contains joinsplits and has at least the default fee specified by z_sendmany.
1179 if (tx.vjoinsplit.size() > 0 && nFees >= ASYNC_RPC_OPERATION_DEFAULT_MINERS_FEE) {
1180 // In future we will we have more accurate and dynamic computation of fees for tx with joinsplits.
1182 // Don't accept it if it can't get into a block
1183 CAmount txMinFee = GetMinRelayFee(tx, nSize, true);
1184 if (fLimitFree && nFees < txMinFee)
1185 return state.DoS(0, error("AcceptToMemoryPool: not enough fees %s, %d < %d",
1186 hash.ToString(), nFees, txMinFee),
1187 REJECT_INSUFFICIENTFEE, "insufficient fee");
1190 // Require that free transactions have sufficient priority to be mined in the next block.
1191 if (GetBoolArg("-relaypriority", false) && nFees < ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(nSize) && !AllowFree(view.GetPriority(tx, chainActive.Height() + 1))) {
1192 return state.DoS(0, false, REJECT_INSUFFICIENTFEE, "insufficient priority");
1195 // Continuously rate-limit free (really, very-low-fee) transactions
1196 // This mitigates 'penny-flooding' -- sending thousands of free transactions just to
1197 // be annoying or make others' transactions take longer to confirm.
1198 if (fLimitFree && nFees < ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(nSize))
1200 static CCriticalSection csFreeLimiter;
1201 static double dFreeCount;
1202 static int64_t nLastTime;
1203 int64_t nNow = GetTime();
1205 LOCK(csFreeLimiter);
1207 // Use an exponentially decaying ~10-minute window:
1208 dFreeCount *= pow(1.0 - 1.0/600.0, (double)(nNow - nLastTime));
1210 // -limitfreerelay unit is thousand-bytes-per-minute
1211 // At default rate it would take over a month to fill 1GB
1212 if (dFreeCount >= GetArg("-limitfreerelay", 15)*10*1000)
1213 return state.DoS(0, error("AcceptToMemoryPool: free transaction rejected by rate limiter"),
1214 REJECT_INSUFFICIENTFEE, "rate limited free transaction");
1215 LogPrint("mempool", "Rate limit dFreeCount: %g => %g\n", dFreeCount, dFreeCount+nSize);
1216 dFreeCount += nSize;
1219 if (fRejectAbsurdFee && nFees > ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(nSize) * 10000)
1220 return error("AcceptToMemoryPool: absurdly high fees %s, %d > %d",
1222 nFees, ::minRelayTxFee.GetFee(nSize) * 10000);
1224 // Check against previous transactions
1225 // This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
1226 if (!ContextualCheckInputs(tx, state, view, true, STANDARD_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS, true, Params().GetConsensus()))
1228 return error("AcceptToMemoryPool: ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString());
1231 // Check again against just the consensus-critical mandatory script
1232 // verification flags, in case of bugs in the standard flags that cause
1233 // transactions to pass as valid when they're actually invalid. For
1234 // instance the STRICTENC flag was incorrectly allowing certain
1235 // CHECKSIG NOT scripts to pass, even though they were invalid.
1237 // There is a similar check in CreateNewBlock() to prevent creating
1238 // invalid blocks, however allowing such transactions into the mempool
1239 // can be exploited as a DoS attack.
1240 if (!ContextualCheckInputs(tx, state, view, true, MANDATORY_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS, true, Params().GetConsensus()))
1242 return error("AcceptToMemoryPool: BUG! PLEASE REPORT THIS! ConnectInputs failed against MANDATORY but not STANDARD flags %s", hash.ToString());
1245 // Store transaction in memory
1246 pool.addUnchecked(hash, entry, !IsInitialBlockDownload());
1249 SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL);
1254 /** Return transaction in tx, and if it was found inside a block, its hash is placed in hashBlock */
1255 bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransaction &txOut, uint256 &hashBlock, bool fAllowSlow)
1257 CBlockIndex *pindexSlow = NULL;
1261 if (mempool.lookup(hash, txOut))
1268 if (pblocktree->ReadTxIndex(hash, postx)) {
1269 CAutoFile file(OpenBlockFile(postx, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
1271 return error("%s: OpenBlockFile failed", __func__);
1272 CBlockHeader header;
1275 fseek(file.Get(), postx.nTxOffset, SEEK_CUR);
1277 } catch (const std::exception& e) {
1278 return error("%s: Deserialize or I/O error - %s", __func__, e.what());
1280 hashBlock = header.GetHash();
1281 if (txOut.GetHash() != hash)
1282 return error("%s: txid mismatch", __func__);
1287 if (fAllowSlow) { // use coin database to locate block that contains transaction, and scan it
1290 CCoinsViewCache &view = *pcoinsTip;
1291 const CCoins* coins = view.AccessCoins(hash);
1293 nHeight = coins->nHeight;
1296 pindexSlow = chainActive[nHeight];
1301 if (ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindexSlow)) {
1302 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, block.vtx) {
1303 if (tx.GetHash() == hash) {
1305 hashBlock = pindexSlow->GetBlockHash();
1320 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
1322 // CBlock and CBlockIndex
1325 bool WriteBlockToDisk(CBlock& block, CDiskBlockPos& pos, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& messageStart)
1327 // Open history file to append
1328 CAutoFile fileout(OpenBlockFile(pos), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
1329 if (fileout.IsNull())
1330 return error("WriteBlockToDisk: OpenBlockFile failed");
1332 // Write index header
1333 unsigned int nSize = fileout.GetSerializeSize(block);
1334 fileout << FLATDATA(messageStart) << nSize;
1337 long fileOutPos = ftell(fileout.Get());
1339 return error("WriteBlockToDisk: ftell failed");
1340 pos.nPos = (unsigned int)fileOutPos;
1346 bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CDiskBlockPos& pos)
1350 // Open history file to read
1351 CAutoFile filein(OpenBlockFile(pos, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
1352 if (filein.IsNull())
1353 return error("ReadBlockFromDisk: OpenBlockFile failed for %s", pos.ToString());
1359 catch (const std::exception& e) {
1360 return error("%s: Deserialize or I/O error - %s at %s", __func__, e.what(), pos.ToString());
1364 if (!(CheckEquihashSolution(&block, Params()) &&
1365 CheckProofOfWork(block.GetHash(), block.nBits, Params().GetConsensus())))
1366 return error("ReadBlockFromDisk: Errors in block header at %s", pos.ToString());
1371 bool ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock& block, const CBlockIndex* pindex)
1373 if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindex->GetBlockPos()))
1375 if (block.GetHash() != pindex->GetBlockHash())
1376 return error("ReadBlockFromDisk(CBlock&, CBlockIndex*): GetHash() doesn't match index for %s at %s",
1377 pindex->ToString(), pindex->GetBlockPos().ToString());
1381 CAmount GetBlockSubsidy(int nHeight, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams)
1383 CAmount nSubsidy = 12.5 * COIN;
1385 // Mining slow start
1386 // The subsidy is ramped up linearly, skipping the middle payout of
1387 // MAX_SUBSIDY/2 to keep the monetary curve consistent with no slow start.
1388 if (nHeight < consensusParams.nSubsidySlowStartInterval / 2) {
1389 nSubsidy /= consensusParams.nSubsidySlowStartInterval;
1390 nSubsidy *= nHeight;
1392 } else if (nHeight < consensusParams.nSubsidySlowStartInterval) {
1393 nSubsidy /= consensusParams.nSubsidySlowStartInterval;
1394 nSubsidy *= (nHeight+1);
1398 assert(nHeight > consensusParams.SubsidySlowStartShift());
1399 int halvings = (nHeight - consensusParams.SubsidySlowStartShift()) / consensusParams.nSubsidyHalvingInterval;
1400 // Force block reward to zero when right shift is undefined.
1404 // Subsidy is cut in half every 840,000 blocks which will occur approximately every 4 years.
1405 nSubsidy >>= halvings;
1409 bool IsInitialBlockDownload()
1411 const CChainParams& chainParams = Params();
1413 if (fImporting || fReindex)
1415 if (fCheckpointsEnabled && chainActive.Height() < Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate(chainParams.Checkpoints()))
1417 static bool lockIBDState = false;
1420 bool state = (chainActive.Height() < pindexBestHeader->nHeight - 24 * 6 ||
1421 pindexBestHeader->GetBlockTime() < GetTime() - chainParams.MaxTipAge());
1423 lockIBDState = true;
1427 bool fLargeWorkForkFound = false;
1428 bool fLargeWorkInvalidChainFound = false;
1429 CBlockIndex *pindexBestForkTip = NULL, *pindexBestForkBase = NULL;
1431 void CheckForkWarningConditions()
1433 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
1434 // Before we get past initial download, we cannot reliably alert about forks
1435 // (we assume we don't get stuck on a fork before the last checkpoint)
1436 if (IsInitialBlockDownload())
1439 // If our best fork is no longer within 288 blocks (+/- 12 hours if no one mines it)
1440 // of our head, drop it
1441 if (pindexBestForkTip && chainActive.Height() - pindexBestForkTip->nHeight >= 288)
1442 pindexBestForkTip = NULL;
1444 if (pindexBestForkTip || (pindexBestInvalid && pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork > chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork + (GetBlockProof(*chainActive.Tip()) * 6)))
1446 if (!fLargeWorkForkFound && pindexBestForkBase)
1448 std::string warning = std::string("'Warning: Large-work fork detected, forking after block ") +
1449 pindexBestForkBase->phashBlock->ToString() + std::string("'");
1450 CAlert::Notify(warning, true);
1452 if (pindexBestForkTip && pindexBestForkBase)
1454 LogPrintf("%s: Warning: Large valid fork found\n forking the chain at height %d (%s)\n lasting to height %d (%s).\nChain state database corruption likely.\n", __func__,
1455 pindexBestForkBase->nHeight, pindexBestForkBase->phashBlock->ToString(),
1456 pindexBestForkTip->nHeight, pindexBestForkTip->phashBlock->ToString());
1457 fLargeWorkForkFound = true;
1461 std::string warning = std::string("Warning: Found invalid chain at least ~6 blocks longer than our best chain.\nChain state database corruption likely.");
1462 LogPrintf("%s: %s\n", warning.c_str(), __func__);
1463 CAlert::Notify(warning, true);
1464 fLargeWorkInvalidChainFound = true;
1469 fLargeWorkForkFound = false;
1470 fLargeWorkInvalidChainFound = false;
1474 void CheckForkWarningConditionsOnNewFork(CBlockIndex* pindexNewForkTip)
1476 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
1477 // If we are on a fork that is sufficiently large, set a warning flag
1478 CBlockIndex* pfork = pindexNewForkTip;
1479 CBlockIndex* plonger = chainActive.Tip();
1480 while (pfork && pfork != plonger)
1482 while (plonger && plonger->nHeight > pfork->nHeight)
1483 plonger = plonger->pprev;
1484 if (pfork == plonger)
1486 pfork = pfork->pprev;
1489 // We define a condition where we should warn the user about as a fork of at least 7 blocks
1490 // with a tip within 72 blocks (+/- 3 hours if no one mines it) of ours
1491 // We use 7 blocks rather arbitrarily as it represents just under 10% of sustained network
1492 // hash rate operating on the fork.
1493 // or a chain that is entirely longer than ours and invalid (note that this should be detected by both)
1494 // We define it this way because it allows us to only store the highest fork tip (+ base) which meets
1495 // the 7-block condition and from this always have the most-likely-to-cause-warning fork
1496 if (pfork && (!pindexBestForkTip || (pindexBestForkTip && pindexNewForkTip->nHeight > pindexBestForkTip->nHeight)) &&
1497 pindexNewForkTip->nChainWork - pfork->nChainWork > (GetBlockProof(*pfork) * 7) &&
1498 chainActive.Height() - pindexNewForkTip->nHeight < 72)
1500 pindexBestForkTip = pindexNewForkTip;
1501 pindexBestForkBase = pfork;
1504 CheckForkWarningConditions();
1507 // Requires cs_main.
1508 void Misbehaving(NodeId pnode, int howmuch)
1513 CNodeState *state = State(pnode);
1517 state->nMisbehavior += howmuch;
1518 int banscore = GetArg("-banscore", 100);
1519 if (state->nMisbehavior >= banscore && state->nMisbehavior - howmuch < banscore)
1521 LogPrintf("%s: %s (%d -> %d) BAN THRESHOLD EXCEEDED\n", __func__, state->name, state->nMisbehavior-howmuch, state->nMisbehavior);
1522 state->fShouldBan = true;
1524 LogPrintf("%s: %s (%d -> %d)\n", __func__, state->name, state->nMisbehavior-howmuch, state->nMisbehavior);
1527 void static InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
1529 if (!pindexBestInvalid || pindexNew->nChainWork > pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork)
1530 pindexBestInvalid = pindexNew;
1532 LogPrintf("%s: invalid block=%s height=%d log2_work=%.8g date=%s\n", __func__,
1533 pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString(), pindexNew->nHeight,
1534 log(pindexNew->nChainWork.getdouble())/log(2.0), DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
1535 pindexNew->GetBlockTime()));
1536 CBlockIndex *tip = chainActive.Tip();
1538 LogPrintf("%s: current best=%s height=%d log2_work=%.8g date=%s\n", __func__,
1539 tip->GetBlockHash().ToString(), chainActive.Height(), log(tip->nChainWork.getdouble())/log(2.0),
1540 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", tip->GetBlockTime()));
1541 CheckForkWarningConditions();
1544 void static InvalidBlockFound(CBlockIndex *pindex, const CValidationState &state) {
1546 if (state.IsInvalid(nDoS)) {
1547 std::map<uint256, NodeId>::iterator it = mapBlockSource.find(pindex->GetBlockHash());
1548 if (it != mapBlockSource.end() && State(it->second)) {
1549 CBlockReject reject = {state.GetRejectCode(), state.GetRejectReason().substr(0, MAX_REJECT_MESSAGE_LENGTH), pindex->GetBlockHash()};
1550 State(it->second)->rejects.push_back(reject);
1552 Misbehaving(it->second, nDoS);
1555 if (!state.CorruptionPossible()) {
1556 pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_VALID;
1557 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
1558 setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindex);
1559 InvalidChainFound(pindex);
1563 void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, CTxUndo &txundo, int nHeight)
1565 // mark inputs spent
1566 if (!tx.IsCoinBase()) {
1567 txundo.vprevout.reserve(tx.vin.size());
1568 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, tx.vin) {
1569 CCoinsModifier coins = inputs.ModifyCoins(txin.prevout.hash);
1570 unsigned nPos = txin.prevout.n;
1572 if (nPos >= coins->vout.size() || coins->vout[nPos].IsNull())
1574 // mark an outpoint spent, and construct undo information
1575 txundo.vprevout.push_back(CTxInUndo(coins->vout[nPos]));
1577 if (coins->vout.size() == 0) {
1578 CTxInUndo& undo = txundo.vprevout.back();
1579 undo.nHeight = coins->nHeight;
1580 undo.fCoinBase = coins->fCoinBase;
1581 undo.nVersion = coins->nVersion;
1587 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription &joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit) {
1588 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256 &nf, joinsplit.nullifiers) {
1589 inputs.SetNullifier(nf, true);
1594 inputs.ModifyCoins(tx.GetHash())->FromTx(tx, nHeight);
1597 void UpdateCoins(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, int nHeight)
1600 UpdateCoins(tx, state, inputs, txundo, nHeight);
1603 bool CScriptCheck::operator()() {
1604 const CScript &scriptSig = ptxTo->vin[nIn].scriptSig;
1605 if (!VerifyScript(scriptSig, scriptPubKey, nFlags, CachingTransactionSignatureChecker(ptxTo, nIn, cacheStore), &error)) {
1606 return ::error("CScriptCheck(): %s:%d VerifySignature failed: %s", ptxTo->GetHash().ToString(), nIn, ScriptErrorString(error));
1611 int GetSpendHeight(const CCoinsViewCache& inputs)
1614 CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = mapBlockIndex.find(inputs.GetBestBlock())->second;
1615 return pindexPrev->nHeight + 1;
1618 namespace Consensus {
1619 bool CheckTxInputs(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState& state, const CCoinsViewCache& inputs, int nSpendHeight, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams)
1621 // This doesn't trigger the DoS code on purpose; if it did, it would make it easier
1622 // for an attacker to attempt to split the network.
1623 if (!inputs.HaveInputs(tx))
1624 return state.Invalid(error("CheckInputs(): %s inputs unavailable", tx.GetHash().ToString()));
1626 // are the JoinSplit's requirements met?
1627 if (!inputs.HaveJoinSplitRequirements(tx))
1628 return state.Invalid(error("CheckInputs(): %s JoinSplit requirements not met", tx.GetHash().ToString()));
1630 CAmount nValueIn = 0;
1632 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
1634 const COutPoint &prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
1635 const CCoins *coins = inputs.AccessCoins(prevout.hash);
1638 if (coins->IsCoinBase()) {
1639 // Ensure that coinbases are matured
1640 if (nSpendHeight - coins->nHeight < COINBASE_MATURITY) {
1641 return state.Invalid(
1642 error("CheckInputs(): tried to spend coinbase at depth %d", nSpendHeight - coins->nHeight),
1643 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-premature-spend-of-coinbase");
1646 // Ensure that coinbases cannot be spent to transparent outputs
1647 // Disabled on regtest
1648 if (fCoinbaseEnforcedProtectionEnabled &&
1649 consensusParams.fCoinbaseMustBeProtected &&
1651 return state.Invalid(
1652 error("CheckInputs(): tried to spend coinbase with transparent outputs"),
1653 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-coinbase-spend-has-transparent-outputs");
1657 // Check for negative or overflow input values
1658 nValueIn += coins->vout[prevout.n].nValue;
1659 if (!MoneyRange(coins->vout[prevout.n].nValue) || !MoneyRange(nValueIn))
1660 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs(): txin values out of range"),
1661 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-inputvalues-outofrange");
1665 nValueIn += tx.GetJoinSplitValueIn();
1666 if (!MoneyRange(nValueIn))
1667 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs(): vpub_old values out of range"),
1668 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-inputvalues-outofrange");
1670 if (nValueIn < tx.GetValueOut())
1671 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs(): %s value in (%s) < value out (%s)",
1672 tx.GetHash().ToString(), FormatMoney(nValueIn), FormatMoney(tx.GetValueOut())),
1673 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-in-belowout");
1675 // Tally transaction fees
1676 CAmount nTxFee = nValueIn - tx.GetValueOut();
1678 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs(): %s nTxFee < 0", tx.GetHash().ToString()),
1679 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-fee-negative");
1681 if (!MoneyRange(nFees))
1682 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs(): nFees out of range"),
1683 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-fee-outofrange");
1686 }// namespace Consensus
1688 bool ContextualCheckInputs(const CTransaction& tx, CValidationState &state, const CCoinsViewCache &inputs, bool fScriptChecks, unsigned int flags, bool cacheStore, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams, std::vector<CScriptCheck> *pvChecks)
1690 if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
1692 if (!Consensus::CheckTxInputs(tx, state, inputs, GetSpendHeight(inputs), consensusParams)) {
1697 pvChecks->reserve(tx.vin.size());
1699 // The first loop above does all the inexpensive checks.
1700 // Only if ALL inputs pass do we perform expensive ECDSA signature checks.
1701 // Helps prevent CPU exhaustion attacks.
1703 // Skip ECDSA signature verification when connecting blocks
1704 // before the last block chain checkpoint. This is safe because block merkle hashes are
1705 // still computed and checked, and any change will be caught at the next checkpoint.
1706 if (fScriptChecks) {
1707 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++) {
1708 const COutPoint &prevout = tx.vin[i].prevout;
1709 const CCoins* coins = inputs.AccessCoins(prevout.hash);
1713 CScriptCheck check(*coins, tx, i, flags, cacheStore);
1715 pvChecks->push_back(CScriptCheck());
1716 check.swap(pvChecks->back());
1717 } else if (!check()) {
1718 if (flags & STANDARD_NOT_MANDATORY_VERIFY_FLAGS) {
1719 // Check whether the failure was caused by a
1720 // non-mandatory script verification check, such as
1721 // non-standard DER encodings or non-null dummy
1722 // arguments; if so, don't trigger DoS protection to
1723 // avoid splitting the network between upgraded and
1724 // non-upgraded nodes.
1725 CScriptCheck check(*coins, tx, i,
1726 flags & ~STANDARD_NOT_MANDATORY_VERIFY_FLAGS, cacheStore);
1728 return state.Invalid(false, REJECT_NONSTANDARD, strprintf("non-mandatory-script-verify-flag (%s)", ScriptErrorString(check.GetScriptError())));
1730 // Failures of other flags indicate a transaction that is
1731 // invalid in new blocks, e.g. a invalid P2SH. We DoS ban
1732 // such nodes as they are not following the protocol. That
1733 // said during an upgrade careful thought should be taken
1734 // as to the correct behavior - we may want to continue
1735 // peering with non-upgraded nodes even after a soft-fork
1736 // super-majority vote has passed.
1737 return state.DoS(100,false, REJECT_INVALID, strprintf("mandatory-script-verify-flag-failed (%s)", ScriptErrorString(check.GetScriptError())));
1748 bool UndoWriteToDisk(const CBlockUndo& blockundo, CDiskBlockPos& pos, const uint256& hashBlock, const CMessageHeader::MessageStartChars& messageStart)
1750 // Open history file to append
1751 CAutoFile fileout(OpenUndoFile(pos), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
1752 if (fileout.IsNull())
1753 return error("%s: OpenUndoFile failed", __func__);
1755 // Write index header
1756 unsigned int nSize = fileout.GetSerializeSize(blockundo);
1757 fileout << FLATDATA(messageStart) << nSize;
1760 long fileOutPos = ftell(fileout.Get());
1762 return error("%s: ftell failed", __func__);
1763 pos.nPos = (unsigned int)fileOutPos;
1764 fileout << blockundo;
1766 // calculate & write checksum
1767 CHashWriter hasher(SER_GETHASH, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
1768 hasher << hashBlock;
1769 hasher << blockundo;
1770 fileout << hasher.GetHash();
1775 bool UndoReadFromDisk(CBlockUndo& blockundo, const CDiskBlockPos& pos, const uint256& hashBlock)
1777 // Open history file to read
1778 CAutoFile filein(OpenUndoFile(pos, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
1779 if (filein.IsNull())
1780 return error("%s: OpenBlockFile failed", __func__);
1783 uint256 hashChecksum;
1785 filein >> blockundo;
1786 filein >> hashChecksum;
1788 catch (const std::exception& e) {
1789 return error("%s: Deserialize or I/O error - %s", __func__, e.what());
1793 CHashWriter hasher(SER_GETHASH, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
1794 hasher << hashBlock;
1795 hasher << blockundo;
1796 if (hashChecksum != hasher.GetHash())
1797 return error("%s: Checksum mismatch", __func__);
1802 /** Abort with a message */
1803 bool AbortNode(const std::string& strMessage, const std::string& userMessage="")
1805 strMiscWarning = strMessage;
1806 LogPrintf("*** %s\n", strMessage);
1807 uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(
1808 userMessage.empty() ? _("Error: A fatal internal error occurred, see debug.log for details") : userMessage,
1809 "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR);
1814 bool AbortNode(CValidationState& state, const std::string& strMessage, const std::string& userMessage="")
1816 AbortNode(strMessage, userMessage);
1817 return state.Error(strMessage);
1823 * Apply the undo operation of a CTxInUndo to the given chain state.
1824 * @param undo The undo object.
1825 * @param view The coins view to which to apply the changes.
1826 * @param out The out point that corresponds to the tx input.
1827 * @return True on success.
1829 static bool ApplyTxInUndo(const CTxInUndo& undo, CCoinsViewCache& view, const COutPoint& out)
1833 CCoinsModifier coins = view.ModifyCoins(out.hash);
1834 if (undo.nHeight != 0) {
1835 // undo data contains height: this is the last output of the prevout tx being spent
1836 if (!coins->IsPruned())
1837 fClean = fClean && error("%s: undo data overwriting existing transaction", __func__);
1839 coins->fCoinBase = undo.fCoinBase;
1840 coins->nHeight = undo.nHeight;
1841 coins->nVersion = undo.nVersion;
1843 if (coins->IsPruned())
1844 fClean = fClean && error("%s: undo data adding output to missing transaction", __func__);
1846 if (coins->IsAvailable(out.n))
1847 fClean = fClean && error("%s: undo data overwriting existing output", __func__);
1848 if (coins->vout.size() < out.n+1)
1849 coins->vout.resize(out.n+1);
1850 coins->vout[out.n] = undo.txout;
1855 bool DisconnectBlock(CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& view, bool* pfClean)
1857 assert(pindex->GetBlockHash() == view.GetBestBlock());
1864 CBlockUndo blockUndo;
1865 CDiskBlockPos pos = pindex->GetUndoPos();
1867 return error("DisconnectBlock(): no undo data available");
1868 if (!UndoReadFromDisk(blockUndo, pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash()))
1869 return error("DisconnectBlock(): failure reading undo data");
1871 if (blockUndo.vtxundo.size() + 1 != block.vtx.size())
1872 return error("DisconnectBlock(): block and undo data inconsistent");
1874 // undo transactions in reverse order
1875 for (int i = block.vtx.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1876 const CTransaction &tx = block.vtx[i];
1877 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
1879 // Check that all outputs are available and match the outputs in the block itself
1882 CCoinsModifier outs = view.ModifyCoins(hash);
1883 outs->ClearUnspendable();
1885 CCoins outsBlock(tx, pindex->nHeight);
1886 // The CCoins serialization does not serialize negative numbers.
1887 // No network rules currently depend on the version here, so an inconsistency is harmless
1888 // but it must be corrected before txout nversion ever influences a network rule.
1889 if (outsBlock.nVersion < 0)
1890 outs->nVersion = outsBlock.nVersion;
1891 if (*outs != outsBlock)
1892 fClean = fClean && error("DisconnectBlock(): added transaction mismatch? database corrupted");
1898 // unspend nullifiers
1899 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription &joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit) {
1900 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256 &nf, joinsplit.nullifiers) {
1901 view.SetNullifier(nf, false);
1906 if (i > 0) { // not coinbases
1907 const CTxUndo &txundo = blockUndo.vtxundo[i-1];
1908 if (txundo.vprevout.size() != tx.vin.size())
1909 return error("DisconnectBlock(): transaction and undo data inconsistent");
1910 for (unsigned int j = tx.vin.size(); j-- > 0;) {
1911 const COutPoint &out = tx.vin[j].prevout;
1912 const CTxInUndo &undo = txundo.vprevout[j];
1913 if (!ApplyTxInUndo(undo, view, out))
1919 // set the old best anchor back
1920 view.PopAnchor(blockUndo.old_tree_root);
1922 // move best block pointer to prevout block
1923 view.SetBestBlock(pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash());
1933 void static FlushBlockFile(bool fFinalize = false)
1935 LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
1937 CDiskBlockPos posOld(nLastBlockFile, 0);
1939 FILE *fileOld = OpenBlockFile(posOld);
1942 TruncateFile(fileOld, vinfoBlockFile[nLastBlockFile].nSize);
1943 FileCommit(fileOld);
1947 fileOld = OpenUndoFile(posOld);
1950 TruncateFile(fileOld, vinfoBlockFile[nLastBlockFile].nUndoSize);
1951 FileCommit(fileOld);
1956 bool FindUndoPos(CValidationState &state, int nFile, CDiskBlockPos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize);
1958 static CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck> scriptcheckqueue(128);
1960 void ThreadScriptCheck() {
1961 RenameThread("zcash-scriptch");
1962 scriptcheckqueue.Thread();
1966 // Called periodically asynchronously; alerts if it smells like
1967 // we're being fed a bad chain (blocks being generated much
1968 // too slowly or too quickly).
1970 void PartitionCheck(bool (*initialDownloadCheck)(), CCriticalSection& cs, const CBlockIndex *const &bestHeader,
1971 int64_t nPowTargetSpacing)
1973 if (bestHeader == NULL || initialDownloadCheck()) return;
1975 static int64_t lastAlertTime = 0;
1976 int64_t now = GetAdjustedTime();
1977 if (lastAlertTime > now-60*60*24) return; // Alert at most once per day
1979 const int SPAN_HOURS=4;
1980 const int SPAN_SECONDS=SPAN_HOURS*60*60;
1981 int BLOCKS_EXPECTED = SPAN_SECONDS / nPowTargetSpacing;
1983 boost::math::poisson_distribution<double> poisson(BLOCKS_EXPECTED);
1985 std::string strWarning;
1986 int64_t startTime = GetAdjustedTime()-SPAN_SECONDS;
1989 const CBlockIndex* i = bestHeader;
1991 while (i->GetBlockTime() >= startTime) {
1994 if (i == NULL) return; // Ran out of chain, we must not be fully sync'ed
1997 // How likely is it to find that many by chance?
1998 double p = boost::math::pdf(poisson, nBlocks);
2000 LogPrint("partitioncheck", "%s : Found %d blocks in the last %d hours\n", __func__, nBlocks, SPAN_HOURS);
2001 LogPrint("partitioncheck", "%s : likelihood: %g\n", __func__, p);
2003 // Aim for one false-positive about every fifty years of normal running:
2004 const int FIFTY_YEARS = 50*365*24*60*60;
2005 double alertThreshold = 1.0 / (FIFTY_YEARS / SPAN_SECONDS);
2007 if (p <= alertThreshold && nBlocks < BLOCKS_EXPECTED)
2009 // Many fewer blocks than expected: alert!
2010 strWarning = strprintf(_("WARNING: check your network connection, %d blocks received in the last %d hours (%d expected)"),
2011 nBlocks, SPAN_HOURS, BLOCKS_EXPECTED);
2013 else if (p <= alertThreshold && nBlocks > BLOCKS_EXPECTED)
2015 // Many more blocks than expected: alert!
2016 strWarning = strprintf(_("WARNING: abnormally high number of blocks generated, %d blocks received in the last %d hours (%d expected)"),
2017 nBlocks, SPAN_HOURS, BLOCKS_EXPECTED);
2019 if (!strWarning.empty())
2021 strMiscWarning = strWarning;
2022 CAlert::Notify(strWarning, true);
2023 lastAlertTime = now;
2027 static int64_t nTimeVerify = 0;
2028 static int64_t nTimeConnect = 0;
2029 static int64_t nTimeIndex = 0;
2030 static int64_t nTimeCallbacks = 0;
2031 static int64_t nTimeTotal = 0;
2033 bool ConnectBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache& view, bool fJustCheck)
2035 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
2036 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
2038 bool fExpensiveChecks = true;
2039 if (fCheckpointsEnabled) {
2040 CBlockIndex *pindexLastCheckpoint = Checkpoints::GetLastCheckpoint(chainparams.Checkpoints());
2041 if (pindexLastCheckpoint && pindexLastCheckpoint->GetAncestor(pindex->nHeight) == pindex) {
2042 // This block is an ancestor of a checkpoint: disable script checks
2043 fExpensiveChecks = false;
2047 auto verifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Strict();
2048 auto disabledVerifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Disabled();
2050 // Check it again to verify JoinSplit proofs, and in case a previous version let a bad block in
2051 if (!CheckBlock(block, state, fExpensiveChecks ? verifier : disabledVerifier, !fJustCheck, !fJustCheck))
2054 // verify that the view's current state corresponds to the previous block
2055 uint256 hashPrevBlock = pindex->pprev == NULL ? uint256() : pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash();
2056 assert(hashPrevBlock == view.GetBestBlock());
2058 // Special case for the genesis block, skipping connection of its transactions
2059 // (its coinbase is unspendable)
2060 if (block.GetHash() == chainparams.GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock) {
2062 view.SetBestBlock(pindex->GetBlockHash());
2063 // Before the genesis block, there was an empty tree
2064 ZCIncrementalMerkleTree tree;
2065 pindex->hashAnchor = tree.root();
2066 // The genesis block contained no JoinSplits
2067 pindex->hashAnchorEnd = pindex->hashAnchor;
2072 // Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
2073 // unless those are already completely spent.
2074 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx) {
2075 const CCoins* coins = view.AccessCoins(tx.GetHash());
2076 if (coins && !coins->IsPruned())
2077 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock(): tried to overwrite transaction"),
2078 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-BIP30");
2081 unsigned int flags = SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH;
2083 // Start enforcing the DERSIG (BIP66) rules, for block.nVersion=3 blocks,
2084 // when 75% of the network has upgraded:
2085 if (block.nVersion >= 3) {
2086 flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_DERSIG;
2089 // Start enforcing CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY, (BIP65) for block.nVersion=4
2090 // blocks, when 75% of the network has upgraded:
2091 if (block.nVersion >= 4) {
2092 flags |= SCRIPT_VERIFY_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY;
2095 CBlockUndo blockundo;
2097 CCheckQueueControl<CScriptCheck> control(fExpensiveChecks && nScriptCheckThreads ? &scriptcheckqueue : NULL);
2099 int64_t nTimeStart = GetTimeMicros();
2102 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
2103 CDiskTxPos pos(pindex->GetBlockPos(), GetSizeOfCompactSize(block.vtx.size()));
2104 std::vector<std::pair<uint256, CDiskTxPos> > vPos;
2105 vPos.reserve(block.vtx.size());
2106 blockundo.vtxundo.reserve(block.vtx.size() - 1);
2108 // Construct the incremental merkle tree at the current
2110 auto old_tree_root = view.GetBestAnchor();
2111 // saving the top anchor in the block index as we go.
2113 pindex->hashAnchor = old_tree_root;
2115 ZCIncrementalMerkleTree tree;
2116 // This should never fail: we should always be able to get the root
2117 // that is on the tip of our chain
2118 assert(view.GetAnchorAt(old_tree_root, tree));
2121 // Consistency check: the root of the tree we're given should
2122 // match what we asked for.
2123 assert(tree.root() == old_tree_root);
2126 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < block.vtx.size(); i++)
2128 const CTransaction &tx = block.vtx[i];
2130 nInputs += tx.vin.size();
2131 nSigOps += GetLegacySigOpCount(tx);
2132 if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
2133 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock(): too many sigops"),
2134 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-blk-sigops");
2136 if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
2138 if (!view.HaveInputs(tx))
2139 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock(): inputs missing/spent"),
2140 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-inputs-missingorspent");
2142 // are the JoinSplit's requirements met?
2143 if (!view.HaveJoinSplitRequirements(tx))
2144 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock(): JoinSplit requirements not met"),
2145 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-joinsplit-requirements-not-met");
2147 // Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs;
2148 // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating
2149 // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block.
2150 nSigOps += GetP2SHSigOpCount(tx, view);
2151 if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
2152 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock(): too many sigops"),
2153 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-blk-sigops");
2155 nFees += view.GetValueIn(tx)-tx.GetValueOut();
2157 std::vector<CScriptCheck> vChecks;
2158 if (!ContextualCheckInputs(tx, state, view, fExpensiveChecks, flags, false, chainparams.GetConsensus(), nScriptCheckThreads ? &vChecks : NULL))
2160 control.Add(vChecks);
2165 blockundo.vtxundo.push_back(CTxUndo());
2167 UpdateCoins(tx, state, view, i == 0 ? undoDummy : blockundo.vtxundo.back(), pindex->nHeight);
2169 BOOST_FOREACH(const JSDescription &joinsplit, tx.vjoinsplit) {
2170 BOOST_FOREACH(const uint256 ¬e_commitment, joinsplit.commitments) {
2171 // Insert the note commitments into our temporary tree.
2173 tree.append(note_commitment);
2177 vPos.push_back(std::make_pair(tx.GetHash(), pos));
2178 pos.nTxOffset += ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
2181 view.PushAnchor(tree);
2183 pindex->hashAnchorEnd = tree.root();
2185 blockundo.old_tree_root = old_tree_root;
2187 int64_t nTime1 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeConnect += nTime1 - nTimeStart;
2188 LogPrint("bench", " - Connect %u transactions: %.2fms (%.3fms/tx, %.3fms/txin) [%.2fs]\n", (unsigned)block.vtx.size(), 0.001 * (nTime1 - nTimeStart), 0.001 * (nTime1 - nTimeStart) / block.vtx.size(), nInputs <= 1 ? 0 : 0.001 * (nTime1 - nTimeStart) / (nInputs-1), nTimeConnect * 0.000001);
2190 CAmount blockReward = nFees + GetBlockSubsidy(pindex->nHeight, chainparams.GetConsensus());
2191 if (block.vtx[0].GetValueOut() > blockReward)
2192 return state.DoS(100,
2193 error("ConnectBlock(): coinbase pays too much (actual=%d vs limit=%d)",
2194 block.vtx[0].GetValueOut(), blockReward),
2195 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-cb-amount");
2197 if (!control.Wait())
2198 return state.DoS(100, false);
2199 int64_t nTime2 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeVerify += nTime2 - nTimeStart;
2200 LogPrint("bench", " - Verify %u txins: %.2fms (%.3fms/txin) [%.2fs]\n", nInputs - 1, 0.001 * (nTime2 - nTimeStart), nInputs <= 1 ? 0 : 0.001 * (nTime2 - nTimeStart) / (nInputs-1), nTimeVerify * 0.000001);
2205 // Write undo information to disk
2206 if (pindex->GetUndoPos().IsNull() || !pindex->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS))
2208 if (pindex->GetUndoPos().IsNull()) {
2210 if (!FindUndoPos(state, pindex->nFile, pos, ::GetSerializeSize(blockundo, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION) + 40))
2211 return error("ConnectBlock(): FindUndoPos failed");
2212 if (!UndoWriteToDisk(blockundo, pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash(), chainparams.MessageStart()))
2213 return AbortNode(state, "Failed to write undo data");
2215 // update nUndoPos in block index
2216 pindex->nUndoPos = pos.nPos;
2217 pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_HAVE_UNDO;
2220 pindex->RaiseValidity(BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS);
2221 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
2225 if (!pblocktree->WriteTxIndex(vPos))
2226 return AbortNode(state, "Failed to write transaction index");
2228 // add this block to the view's block chain
2229 view.SetBestBlock(pindex->GetBlockHash());
2231 int64_t nTime3 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeIndex += nTime3 - nTime2;
2232 LogPrint("bench", " - Index writing: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", 0.001 * (nTime3 - nTime2), nTimeIndex * 0.000001);
2234 // Watch for changes to the previous coinbase transaction.
2235 static uint256 hashPrevBestCoinBase;
2236 GetMainSignals().UpdatedTransaction(hashPrevBestCoinBase);
2237 hashPrevBestCoinBase = block.vtx[0].GetHash();
2239 int64_t nTime4 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeCallbacks += nTime4 - nTime3;
2240 LogPrint("bench", " - Callbacks: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", 0.001 * (nTime4 - nTime3), nTimeCallbacks * 0.000001);
2245 enum FlushStateMode {
2247 FLUSH_STATE_IF_NEEDED,
2248 FLUSH_STATE_PERIODIC,
2253 * Update the on-disk chain state.
2254 * The caches and indexes are flushed depending on the mode we're called with
2255 * if they're too large, if it's been a while since the last write,
2256 * or always and in all cases if we're in prune mode and are deleting files.
2258 bool static FlushStateToDisk(CValidationState &state, FlushStateMode mode) {
2259 LOCK2(cs_main, cs_LastBlockFile);
2260 static int64_t nLastWrite = 0;
2261 static int64_t nLastFlush = 0;
2262 static int64_t nLastSetChain = 0;
2263 std::set<int> setFilesToPrune;
2264 bool fFlushForPrune = false;
2266 if (fPruneMode && fCheckForPruning && !fReindex) {
2267 FindFilesToPrune(setFilesToPrune);
2268 fCheckForPruning = false;
2269 if (!setFilesToPrune.empty()) {
2270 fFlushForPrune = true;
2272 pblocktree->WriteFlag("prunedblockfiles", true);
2277 int64_t nNow = GetTimeMicros();
2278 // Avoid writing/flushing immediately after startup.
2279 if (nLastWrite == 0) {
2282 if (nLastFlush == 0) {
2285 if (nLastSetChain == 0) {
2286 nLastSetChain = nNow;
2288 size_t cacheSize = pcoinsTip->DynamicMemoryUsage();
2289 // The cache is large and close to the limit, but we have time now (not in the middle of a block processing).
2290 bool fCacheLarge = mode == FLUSH_STATE_PERIODIC && cacheSize * (10.0/9) > nCoinCacheUsage;
2291 // The cache is over the limit, we have to write now.
2292 bool fCacheCritical = mode == FLUSH_STATE_IF_NEEDED && cacheSize > nCoinCacheUsage;
2293 // It's been a while since we wrote the block index to disk. Do this frequently, so we don't need to redownload after a crash.
2294 bool fPeriodicWrite = mode == FLUSH_STATE_PERIODIC && nNow > nLastWrite + (int64_t)DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL * 1000000;
2295 // It's been very long since we flushed the cache. Do this infrequently, to optimize cache usage.
2296 bool fPeriodicFlush = mode == FLUSH_STATE_PERIODIC && nNow > nLastFlush + (int64_t)DATABASE_FLUSH_INTERVAL * 1000000;
2297 // Combine all conditions that result in a full cache flush.
2298 bool fDoFullFlush = (mode == FLUSH_STATE_ALWAYS) || fCacheLarge || fCacheCritical || fPeriodicFlush || fFlushForPrune;
2299 // Write blocks and block index to disk.
2300 if (fDoFullFlush || fPeriodicWrite) {
2301 // Depend on nMinDiskSpace to ensure we can write block index
2302 if (!CheckDiskSpace(0))
2303 return state.Error("out of disk space");
2304 // First make sure all block and undo data is flushed to disk.
2306 // Then update all block file information (which may refer to block and undo files).
2308 std::vector<std::pair<int, const CBlockFileInfo*> > vFiles;
2309 vFiles.reserve(setDirtyFileInfo.size());
2310 for (set<int>::iterator it = setDirtyFileInfo.begin(); it != setDirtyFileInfo.end(); ) {
2311 vFiles.push_back(make_pair(*it, &vinfoBlockFile[*it]));
2312 setDirtyFileInfo.erase(it++);
2314 std::vector<const CBlockIndex*> vBlocks;
2315 vBlocks.reserve(setDirtyBlockIndex.size());
2316 for (set<CBlockIndex*>::iterator it = setDirtyBlockIndex.begin(); it != setDirtyBlockIndex.end(); ) {
2317 vBlocks.push_back(*it);
2318 setDirtyBlockIndex.erase(it++);
2320 if (!pblocktree->WriteBatchSync(vFiles, nLastBlockFile, vBlocks)) {
2321 return AbortNode(state, "Files to write to block index database");
2324 // Finally remove any pruned files
2326 UnlinkPrunedFiles(setFilesToPrune);
2329 // Flush best chain related state. This can only be done if the blocks / block index write was also done.
2331 // Typical CCoins structures on disk are around 128 bytes in size.
2332 // Pushing a new one to the database can cause it to be written
2333 // twice (once in the log, and once in the tables). This is already
2334 // an overestimation, as most will delete an existing entry or
2335 // overwrite one. Still, use a conservative safety factor of 2.
2336 if (!CheckDiskSpace(128 * 2 * 2 * pcoinsTip->GetCacheSize()))
2337 return state.Error("out of disk space");
2338 // Flush the chainstate (which may refer to block index entries).
2339 if (!pcoinsTip->Flush())
2340 return AbortNode(state, "Failed to write to coin database");
2343 if ((mode == FLUSH_STATE_ALWAYS || mode == FLUSH_STATE_PERIODIC) && nNow > nLastSetChain + (int64_t)DATABASE_WRITE_INTERVAL * 1000000) {
2344 // Update best block in wallet (so we can detect restored wallets).
2345 GetMainSignals().SetBestChain(chainActive.GetLocator());
2346 nLastSetChain = nNow;
2348 } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
2349 return AbortNode(state, std::string("System error while flushing: ") + e.what());
2354 void FlushStateToDisk() {
2355 CValidationState state;
2356 FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_ALWAYS);
2359 void PruneAndFlush() {
2360 CValidationState state;
2361 fCheckForPruning = true;
2362 FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_NONE);
2365 /** Update chainActive and related internal data structures. */
2366 void static UpdateTip(CBlockIndex *pindexNew) {
2367 const CChainParams& chainParams = Params();
2368 chainActive.SetTip(pindexNew);
2371 nTimeBestReceived = GetTime();
2372 mempool.AddTransactionsUpdated(1);
2374 LogPrintf("%s: new best=%s height=%d log2_work=%.8g tx=%lu date=%s progress=%f cache=%.1fMiB(%utx)\n", __func__,
2375 chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash().ToString(), chainActive.Height(), log(chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork.getdouble())/log(2.0), (unsigned long)chainActive.Tip()->nChainTx,
2376 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockTime()),
2377 Checkpoints::GuessVerificationProgress(chainParams.Checkpoints(), chainActive.Tip()), pcoinsTip->DynamicMemoryUsage() * (1.0 / (1<<20)), pcoinsTip->GetCacheSize());
2379 cvBlockChange.notify_all();
2381 // Check the version of the last 100 blocks to see if we need to upgrade:
2382 static bool fWarned = false;
2383 if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && !fWarned)
2386 const CBlockIndex* pindex = chainActive.Tip();
2387 for (int i = 0; i < 100 && pindex != NULL; i++)
2389 if (pindex->nVersion > CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION)
2391 pindex = pindex->pprev;
2394 LogPrintf("%s: %d of last 100 blocks above version %d\n", __func__, nUpgraded, (int)CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION);
2395 if (nUpgraded > 100/2)
2397 // strMiscWarning is read by GetWarnings(), called by the JSON-RPC code to warn the user:
2398 strMiscWarning = _("Warning: This version is obsolete; upgrade required!");
2399 CAlert::Notify(strMiscWarning, true);
2405 /** Disconnect chainActive's tip. */
2406 bool static DisconnectTip(CValidationState &state) {
2407 CBlockIndex *pindexDelete = chainActive.Tip();
2408 assert(pindexDelete);
2409 mempool.check(pcoinsTip);
2410 // Read block from disk.
2412 if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindexDelete))
2413 return AbortNode(state, "Failed to read block");
2414 // Apply the block atomically to the chain state.
2415 uint256 anchorBeforeDisconnect = pcoinsTip->GetBestAnchor();
2416 int64_t nStart = GetTimeMicros();
2418 CCoinsViewCache view(pcoinsTip);
2419 if (!DisconnectBlock(block, state, pindexDelete, view))
2420 return error("DisconnectTip(): DisconnectBlock %s failed", pindexDelete->GetBlockHash().ToString());
2421 assert(view.Flush());
2423 LogPrint("bench", "- Disconnect block: %.2fms\n", (GetTimeMicros() - nStart) * 0.001);
2424 uint256 anchorAfterDisconnect = pcoinsTip->GetBestAnchor();
2425 // Write the chain state to disk, if necessary.
2426 if (!FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_IF_NEEDED))
2428 // Resurrect mempool transactions from the disconnected block.
2429 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, block.vtx) {
2430 // ignore validation errors in resurrected transactions
2431 list<CTransaction> removed;
2432 CValidationState stateDummy;
2433 if (tx.IsCoinBase() || !AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, stateDummy, tx, false, NULL))
2434 mempool.remove(tx, removed, true);
2436 if (anchorBeforeDisconnect != anchorAfterDisconnect) {
2437 // The anchor may not change between block disconnects,
2438 // in which case we don't want to evict from the mempool yet!
2439 mempool.removeWithAnchor(anchorBeforeDisconnect);
2441 mempool.removeCoinbaseSpends(pcoinsTip, pindexDelete->nHeight);
2442 mempool.check(pcoinsTip);
2443 // Update chainActive and related variables.
2444 UpdateTip(pindexDelete->pprev);
2445 // Get the current commitment tree
2446 ZCIncrementalMerkleTree newTree;
2447 assert(pcoinsTip->GetAnchorAt(pcoinsTip->GetBestAnchor(), newTree));
2448 // Let wallets know transactions went from 1-confirmed to
2449 // 0-confirmed or conflicted:
2450 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, block.vtx) {
2451 SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL);
2453 // Update cached incremental witnesses
2454 GetMainSignals().ChainTip(pindexDelete, &block, newTree, false);
2458 static int64_t nTimeReadFromDisk = 0;
2459 static int64_t nTimeConnectTotal = 0;
2460 static int64_t nTimeFlush = 0;
2461 static int64_t nTimeChainState = 0;
2462 static int64_t nTimePostConnect = 0;
2465 * Connect a new block to chainActive. pblock is either NULL or a pointer to a CBlock
2466 * corresponding to pindexNew, to bypass loading it again from disk.
2468 bool static ConnectTip(CValidationState &state, CBlockIndex *pindexNew, CBlock *pblock) {
2469 assert(pindexNew->pprev == chainActive.Tip());
2470 mempool.check(pcoinsTip);
2471 // Read block from disk.
2472 int64_t nTime1 = GetTimeMicros();
2475 if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindexNew))
2476 return AbortNode(state, "Failed to read block");
2479 // Get the current commitment tree
2480 ZCIncrementalMerkleTree oldTree;
2481 assert(pcoinsTip->GetAnchorAt(pcoinsTip->GetBestAnchor(), oldTree));
2482 // Apply the block atomically to the chain state.
2483 int64_t nTime2 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeReadFromDisk += nTime2 - nTime1;
2485 LogPrint("bench", " - Load block from disk: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime2 - nTime1) * 0.001, nTimeReadFromDisk * 0.000001);
2487 CCoinsViewCache view(pcoinsTip);
2488 bool rv = ConnectBlock(*pblock, state, pindexNew, view);
2489 GetMainSignals().BlockChecked(*pblock, state);
2491 if (state.IsInvalid())
2492 InvalidBlockFound(pindexNew, state);
2493 return error("ConnectTip(): ConnectBlock %s failed", pindexNew->GetBlockHash().ToString());
2495 mapBlockSource.erase(pindexNew->GetBlockHash());
2496 nTime3 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeConnectTotal += nTime3 - nTime2;
2497 LogPrint("bench", " - Connect total: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime3 - nTime2) * 0.001, nTimeConnectTotal * 0.000001);
2498 assert(view.Flush());
2500 int64_t nTime4 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeFlush += nTime4 - nTime3;
2501 LogPrint("bench", " - Flush: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime4 - nTime3) * 0.001, nTimeFlush * 0.000001);
2502 // Write the chain state to disk, if necessary.
2503 if (!FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_IF_NEEDED))
2505 int64_t nTime5 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimeChainState += nTime5 - nTime4;
2506 LogPrint("bench", " - Writing chainstate: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime5 - nTime4) * 0.001, nTimeChainState * 0.000001);
2507 // Remove conflicting transactions from the mempool.
2508 list<CTransaction> txConflicted;
2509 mempool.removeForBlock(pblock->vtx, pindexNew->nHeight, txConflicted, !IsInitialBlockDownload());
2510 mempool.check(pcoinsTip);
2511 // Update chainActive & related variables.
2512 UpdateTip(pindexNew);
2513 // Tell wallet about transactions that went from mempool
2515 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, txConflicted) {
2516 SyncWithWallets(tx, NULL);
2518 // ... and about transactions that got confirmed:
2519 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, pblock->vtx) {
2520 SyncWithWallets(tx, pblock);
2522 // Update cached incremental witnesses
2523 GetMainSignals().ChainTip(pindexNew, pblock, oldTree, true);
2525 EnforceNodeDeprecation(pindexNew->nHeight);
2527 int64_t nTime6 = GetTimeMicros(); nTimePostConnect += nTime6 - nTime5; nTimeTotal += nTime6 - nTime1;
2528 LogPrint("bench", " - Connect postprocess: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime6 - nTime5) * 0.001, nTimePostConnect * 0.000001);
2529 LogPrint("bench", "- Connect block: %.2fms [%.2fs]\n", (nTime6 - nTime1) * 0.001, nTimeTotal * 0.000001);
2534 * Return the tip of the chain with the most work in it, that isn't
2535 * known to be invalid (it's however far from certain to be valid).
2537 static CBlockIndex* FindMostWorkChain() {
2539 CBlockIndex *pindexNew = NULL;
2541 // Find the best candidate header.
2543 std::set<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndexWorkComparator>::reverse_iterator it = setBlockIndexCandidates.rbegin();
2544 if (it == setBlockIndexCandidates.rend())
2549 // Check whether all blocks on the path between the currently active chain and the candidate are valid.
2550 // Just going until the active chain is an optimization, as we know all blocks in it are valid already.
2551 CBlockIndex *pindexTest = pindexNew;
2552 bool fInvalidAncestor = false;
2553 while (pindexTest && !chainActive.Contains(pindexTest)) {
2554 assert(pindexTest->nChainTx || pindexTest->nHeight == 0);
2556 // Pruned nodes may have entries in setBlockIndexCandidates for
2557 // which block files have been deleted. Remove those as candidates
2558 // for the most work chain if we come across them; we can't switch
2559 // to a chain unless we have all the non-active-chain parent blocks.
2560 bool fFailedChain = pindexTest->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK;
2561 bool fMissingData = !(pindexTest->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA);
2562 if (fFailedChain || fMissingData) {
2563 // Candidate chain is not usable (either invalid or missing data)
2564 if (fFailedChain && (pindexBestInvalid == NULL || pindexNew->nChainWork > pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork))
2565 pindexBestInvalid = pindexNew;
2566 CBlockIndex *pindexFailed = pindexNew;
2567 // Remove the entire chain from the set.
2568 while (pindexTest != pindexFailed) {
2570 pindexFailed->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_CHILD;
2571 } else if (fMissingData) {
2572 // If we're missing data, then add back to mapBlocksUnlinked,
2573 // so that if the block arrives in the future we can try adding
2574 // to setBlockIndexCandidates again.
2575 mapBlocksUnlinked.insert(std::make_pair(pindexFailed->pprev, pindexFailed));
2577 setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindexFailed);
2578 pindexFailed = pindexFailed->pprev;
2580 setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindexTest);
2581 fInvalidAncestor = true;
2584 pindexTest = pindexTest->pprev;
2586 if (!fInvalidAncestor)
2591 /** Delete all entries in setBlockIndexCandidates that are worse than the current tip. */
2592 static void PruneBlockIndexCandidates() {
2593 // Note that we can't delete the current block itself, as we may need to return to it later in case a
2594 // reorganization to a better block fails.
2595 std::set<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndexWorkComparator>::iterator it = setBlockIndexCandidates.begin();
2596 while (it != setBlockIndexCandidates.end() && setBlockIndexCandidates.value_comp()(*it, chainActive.Tip())) {
2597 setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(it++);
2599 // Either the current tip or a successor of it we're working towards is left in setBlockIndexCandidates.
2600 assert(!setBlockIndexCandidates.empty());
2604 * Try to make some progress towards making pindexMostWork the active block.
2605 * pblock is either NULL or a pointer to a CBlock corresponding to pindexMostWork.
2607 static bool ActivateBestChainStep(CValidationState &state, CBlockIndex *pindexMostWork, CBlock *pblock) {
2608 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
2609 bool fInvalidFound = false;
2610 const CBlockIndex *pindexOldTip = chainActive.Tip();
2611 const CBlockIndex *pindexFork = chainActive.FindFork(pindexMostWork);
2613 // Disconnect active blocks which are no longer in the best chain.
2614 while (chainActive.Tip() && chainActive.Tip() != pindexFork) {
2615 if (!DisconnectTip(state))
2619 // Build list of new blocks to connect.
2620 std::vector<CBlockIndex*> vpindexToConnect;
2621 bool fContinue = true;
2622 int nHeight = pindexFork ? pindexFork->nHeight : -1;
2623 while (fContinue && nHeight != pindexMostWork->nHeight) {
2624 // Don't iterate the entire list of potential improvements toward the best tip, as we likely only need
2625 // a few blocks along the way.
2626 int nTargetHeight = std::min(nHeight + 32, pindexMostWork->nHeight);
2627 vpindexToConnect.clear();
2628 vpindexToConnect.reserve(nTargetHeight - nHeight);
2629 CBlockIndex *pindexIter = pindexMostWork->GetAncestor(nTargetHeight);
2630 while (pindexIter && pindexIter->nHeight != nHeight) {
2631 vpindexToConnect.push_back(pindexIter);
2632 pindexIter = pindexIter->pprev;
2634 nHeight = nTargetHeight;
2636 // Connect new blocks.
2637 BOOST_REVERSE_FOREACH(CBlockIndex *pindexConnect, vpindexToConnect) {
2638 if (!ConnectTip(state, pindexConnect, pindexConnect == pindexMostWork ? pblock : NULL)) {
2639 if (state.IsInvalid()) {
2640 // The block violates a consensus rule.
2641 if (!state.CorruptionPossible())
2642 InvalidChainFound(vpindexToConnect.back());
2643 state = CValidationState();
2644 fInvalidFound = true;
2648 // A system error occurred (disk space, database error, ...).
2652 PruneBlockIndexCandidates();
2653 if (!pindexOldTip || chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork > pindexOldTip->nChainWork) {
2654 // We're in a better position than we were. Return temporarily to release the lock.
2662 // Callbacks/notifications for a new best chain.
2664 CheckForkWarningConditionsOnNewFork(vpindexToConnect.back());
2666 CheckForkWarningConditions();
2672 * Make the best chain active, in multiple steps. The result is either failure
2673 * or an activated best chain. pblock is either NULL or a pointer to a block
2674 * that is already loaded (to avoid loading it again from disk).
2676 bool ActivateBestChain(CValidationState &state, CBlock *pblock) {
2677 CBlockIndex *pindexNewTip = NULL;
2678 CBlockIndex *pindexMostWork = NULL;
2679 const CChainParams& chainParams = Params();
2681 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
2683 bool fInitialDownload;
2686 pindexMostWork = FindMostWorkChain();
2688 // Whether we have anything to do at all.
2689 if (pindexMostWork == NULL || pindexMostWork == chainActive.Tip())
2692 if (!ActivateBestChainStep(state, pindexMostWork, pblock && pblock->GetHash() == pindexMostWork->GetBlockHash() ? pblock : NULL))
2695 pindexNewTip = chainActive.Tip();
2696 fInitialDownload = IsInitialBlockDownload();
2698 // When we reach this point, we switched to a new tip (stored in pindexNewTip).
2700 // Notifications/callbacks that can run without cs_main
2701 if (!fInitialDownload) {
2702 uint256 hashNewTip = pindexNewTip->GetBlockHash();
2703 // Relay inventory, but don't relay old inventory during initial block download.
2704 int nBlockEstimate = 0;
2705 if (fCheckpointsEnabled)
2706 nBlockEstimate = Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate(chainParams.Checkpoints());
2707 // Don't relay blocks if pruning -- could cause a peer to try to download, resulting
2708 // in a stalled download if the block file is pruned before the request.
2709 if (nLocalServices & NODE_NETWORK) {
2711 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
2712 if (chainActive.Height() > (pnode->nStartingHeight != -1 ? pnode->nStartingHeight - 2000 : nBlockEstimate))
2713 pnode->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hashNewTip));
2715 // Notify external listeners about the new tip.
2716 GetMainSignals().UpdatedBlockTip(pindexNewTip);
2717 uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip(hashNewTip);
2719 } while(pindexMostWork != chainActive.Tip());
2722 // Write changes periodically to disk, after relay.
2723 if (!FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_PERIODIC)) {
2730 bool InvalidateBlock(CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindex) {
2731 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
2733 // Mark the block itself as invalid.
2734 pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_VALID;
2735 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
2736 setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindex);
2738 while (chainActive.Contains(pindex)) {
2739 CBlockIndex *pindexWalk = chainActive.Tip();
2740 pindexWalk->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_CHILD;
2741 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindexWalk);
2742 setBlockIndexCandidates.erase(pindexWalk);
2743 // ActivateBestChain considers blocks already in chainActive
2744 // unconditionally valid already, so force disconnect away from it.
2745 if (!DisconnectTip(state)) {
2750 // The resulting new best tip may not be in setBlockIndexCandidates anymore, so
2752 BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.begin();
2753 while (it != mapBlockIndex.end()) {
2754 if (it->second->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS) && it->second->nChainTx && !setBlockIndexCandidates.value_comp()(it->second, chainActive.Tip())) {
2755 setBlockIndexCandidates.insert(it->second);
2760 InvalidChainFound(pindex);
2764 bool ReconsiderBlock(CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindex) {
2765 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
2767 int nHeight = pindex->nHeight;
2769 // Remove the invalidity flag from this block and all its descendants.
2770 BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.begin();
2771 while (it != mapBlockIndex.end()) {
2772 if (!it->second->IsValid() && it->second->GetAncestor(nHeight) == pindex) {
2773 it->second->nStatus &= ~BLOCK_FAILED_MASK;
2774 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(it->second);
2775 if (it->second->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS) && it->second->nChainTx && setBlockIndexCandidates.value_comp()(chainActive.Tip(), it->second)) {
2776 setBlockIndexCandidates.insert(it->second);
2778 if (it->second == pindexBestInvalid) {
2779 // Reset invalid block marker if it was pointing to one of those.
2780 pindexBestInvalid = NULL;
2786 // Remove the invalidity flag from all ancestors too.
2787 while (pindex != NULL) {
2788 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK) {
2789 pindex->nStatus &= ~BLOCK_FAILED_MASK;
2790 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
2792 pindex = pindex->pprev;
2797 CBlockIndex* AddToBlockIndex(const CBlockHeader& block)
2799 // Check for duplicate
2800 uint256 hash = block.GetHash();
2801 BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
2802 if (it != mapBlockIndex.end())
2805 // Construct new block index object
2806 CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex(block);
2808 // We assign the sequence id to blocks only when the full data is available,
2809 // to avoid miners withholding blocks but broadcasting headers, to get a
2810 // competitive advantage.
2811 pindexNew->nSequenceId = 0;
2812 BlockMap::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
2813 pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
2814 BlockMap::iterator miPrev = mapBlockIndex.find(block.hashPrevBlock);
2815 if (miPrev != mapBlockIndex.end())
2817 pindexNew->pprev = (*miPrev).second;
2818 pindexNew->nHeight = pindexNew->pprev->nHeight + 1;
2819 pindexNew->BuildSkip();
2821 pindexNew->nChainWork = (pindexNew->pprev ? pindexNew->pprev->nChainWork : 0) + GetBlockProof(*pindexNew);
2822 pindexNew->RaiseValidity(BLOCK_VALID_TREE);
2823 if (pindexBestHeader == NULL || pindexBestHeader->nChainWork < pindexNew->nChainWork)
2824 pindexBestHeader = pindexNew;
2826 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindexNew);
2831 /** Mark a block as having its data received and checked (up to BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS). */
2832 bool ReceivedBlockTransactions(const CBlock &block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex *pindexNew, const CDiskBlockPos& pos)
2834 pindexNew->nTx = block.vtx.size();
2835 pindexNew->nChainTx = 0;
2836 pindexNew->nFile = pos.nFile;
2837 pindexNew->nDataPos = pos.nPos;
2838 pindexNew->nUndoPos = 0;
2839 pindexNew->nStatus |= BLOCK_HAVE_DATA;
2840 pindexNew->RaiseValidity(BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS);
2841 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindexNew);
2843 if (pindexNew->pprev == NULL || pindexNew->pprev->nChainTx) {
2844 // If pindexNew is the genesis block or all parents are BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS.
2845 deque<CBlockIndex*> queue;
2846 queue.push_back(pindexNew);
2848 // Recursively process any descendant blocks that now may be eligible to be connected.
2849 while (!queue.empty()) {
2850 CBlockIndex *pindex = queue.front();
2852 pindex->nChainTx = (pindex->pprev ? pindex->pprev->nChainTx : 0) + pindex->nTx;
2854 LOCK(cs_nBlockSequenceId);
2855 pindex->nSequenceId = nBlockSequenceId++;
2857 if (chainActive.Tip() == NULL || !setBlockIndexCandidates.value_comp()(pindex, chainActive.Tip())) {
2858 setBlockIndexCandidates.insert(pindex);
2860 std::pair<std::multimap<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndex*>::iterator, std::multimap<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndex*>::iterator> range = mapBlocksUnlinked.equal_range(pindex);
2861 while (range.first != range.second) {
2862 std::multimap<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndex*>::iterator it = range.first;
2863 queue.push_back(it->second);
2865 mapBlocksUnlinked.erase(it);
2869 if (pindexNew->pprev && pindexNew->pprev->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_TREE)) {
2870 mapBlocksUnlinked.insert(std::make_pair(pindexNew->pprev, pindexNew));
2877 bool FindBlockPos(CValidationState &state, CDiskBlockPos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize, unsigned int nHeight, uint64_t nTime, bool fKnown = false)
2879 LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
2881 unsigned int nFile = fKnown ? pos.nFile : nLastBlockFile;
2882 if (vinfoBlockFile.size() <= nFile) {
2883 vinfoBlockFile.resize(nFile + 1);
2887 while (vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nSize + nAddSize >= MAX_BLOCKFILE_SIZE) {
2889 if (vinfoBlockFile.size() <= nFile) {
2890 vinfoBlockFile.resize(nFile + 1);
2894 pos.nPos = vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nSize;
2897 if (nFile != nLastBlockFile) {
2899 LogPrintf("Leaving block file %i: %s\n", nFile, vinfoBlockFile[nFile].ToString());
2901 FlushBlockFile(!fKnown);
2902 nLastBlockFile = nFile;
2905 vinfoBlockFile[nFile].AddBlock(nHeight, nTime);
2907 vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nSize = std::max(pos.nPos + nAddSize, vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nSize);
2909 vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nSize += nAddSize;
2912 unsigned int nOldChunks = (pos.nPos + BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
2913 unsigned int nNewChunks = (vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nSize + BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
2914 if (nNewChunks > nOldChunks) {
2916 fCheckForPruning = true;
2917 if (CheckDiskSpace(nNewChunks * BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos)) {
2918 FILE *file = OpenBlockFile(pos);
2920 LogPrintf("Pre-allocating up to position 0x%x in blk%05u.dat\n", nNewChunks * BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE, pos.nFile);
2921 AllocateFileRange(file, pos.nPos, nNewChunks * BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos);
2926 return state.Error("out of disk space");
2930 setDirtyFileInfo.insert(nFile);
2934 bool FindUndoPos(CValidationState &state, int nFile, CDiskBlockPos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize)
2938 LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
2940 unsigned int nNewSize;
2941 pos.nPos = vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nUndoSize;
2942 nNewSize = vinfoBlockFile[nFile].nUndoSize += nAddSize;
2943 setDirtyFileInfo.insert(nFile);
2945 unsigned int nOldChunks = (pos.nPos + UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
2946 unsigned int nNewChunks = (nNewSize + UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
2947 if (nNewChunks > nOldChunks) {
2949 fCheckForPruning = true;
2950 if (CheckDiskSpace(nNewChunks * UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos)) {
2951 FILE *file = OpenUndoFile(pos);
2953 LogPrintf("Pre-allocating up to position 0x%x in rev%05u.dat\n", nNewChunks * UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE, pos.nFile);
2954 AllocateFileRange(file, pos.nPos, nNewChunks * UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos);
2959 return state.Error("out of disk space");
2965 bool CheckBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, bool fCheckPOW)
2967 // Check block version
2968 if (block.nVersion < MIN_BLOCK_VERSION)
2969 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlockHeader(): block version too low"),
2970 REJECT_INVALID, "version-too-low");
2972 // Check Equihash solution is valid
2973 if (fCheckPOW && !CheckEquihashSolution(&block, Params()))
2974 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlockHeader(): Equihash solution invalid"),
2975 REJECT_INVALID, "invalid-solution");
2977 // Check proof of work matches claimed amount
2978 if (fCheckPOW && !CheckProofOfWork(block.GetHash(), block.nBits, Params().GetConsensus()))
2979 return state.DoS(50, error("CheckBlockHeader(): proof of work failed"),
2980 REJECT_INVALID, "high-hash");
2983 if (block.GetBlockTime() > GetAdjustedTime() + 2 * 60 * 60)
2984 return state.Invalid(error("CheckBlockHeader(): block timestamp too far in the future"),
2985 REJECT_INVALID, "time-too-new");
2990 bool CheckBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state,
2991 libzcash::ProofVerifier& verifier,
2992 bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot)
2994 // These are checks that are independent of context.
2996 // Check that the header is valid (particularly PoW). This is mostly
2997 // redundant with the call in AcceptBlockHeader.
2998 if (!CheckBlockHeader(block, state, fCheckPOW))
3001 // Check the merkle root.
3002 if (fCheckMerkleRoot) {
3004 uint256 hashMerkleRoot2 = block.BuildMerkleTree(&mutated);
3005 if (block.hashMerkleRoot != hashMerkleRoot2)
3006 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock(): hashMerkleRoot mismatch"),
3007 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txnmrklroot", true);
3009 // Check for merkle tree malleability (CVE-2012-2459): repeating sequences
3010 // of transactions in a block without affecting the merkle root of a block,
3011 // while still invalidating it.
3013 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock(): duplicate transaction"),
3014 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-duplicate", true);
3017 // All potential-corruption validation must be done before we do any
3018 // transaction validation, as otherwise we may mark the header as invalid
3019 // because we receive the wrong transactions for it.
3022 if (block.vtx.empty() || block.vtx.size() > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || ::GetSerializeSize(block, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
3023 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock(): size limits failed"),
3024 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-blk-length");
3026 // First transaction must be coinbase, the rest must not be
3027 if (block.vtx.empty() || !block.vtx[0].IsCoinBase())
3028 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock(): first tx is not coinbase"),
3029 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-cb-missing");
3030 for (unsigned int i = 1; i < block.vtx.size(); i++)
3031 if (block.vtx[i].IsCoinBase())
3032 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock(): more than one coinbase"),
3033 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-cb-multiple");
3035 // Check transactions
3036 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
3037 if (!CheckTransaction(tx, state, verifier))
3038 return error("CheckBlock(): CheckTransaction failed");
3040 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
3041 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
3043 nSigOps += GetLegacySigOpCount(tx);
3045 if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
3046 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock(): out-of-bounds SigOpCount"),
3047 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-blk-sigops", true);
3052 bool ContextualCheckBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex * const pindexPrev)
3054 const CChainParams& chainParams = Params();
3055 const Consensus::Params& consensusParams = chainParams.GetConsensus();
3056 uint256 hash = block.GetHash();
3057 if (hash == consensusParams.hashGenesisBlock)
3062 int nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight+1;
3064 // Check proof of work
3065 if (block.nBits != GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev, &block, consensusParams))
3066 return state.DoS(100, error("%s: incorrect proof of work", __func__),
3067 REJECT_INVALID, "bad-diffbits");
3069 // Check timestamp against prev
3070 if (block.GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast())
3071 return state.Invalid(error("%s: block's timestamp is too early", __func__),
3072 REJECT_INVALID, "time-too-old");
3074 if (fCheckpointsEnabled)
3076 // Don't accept any forks from the main chain prior to last checkpoint
3077 CBlockIndex* pcheckpoint = Checkpoints::GetLastCheckpoint(chainParams.Checkpoints());
3078 if (pcheckpoint && nHeight < pcheckpoint->nHeight)
3079 return state.DoS(100, error("%s: forked chain older than last checkpoint (height %d)", __func__, nHeight));
3082 // Reject block.nVersion < 4 blocks
3083 if (block.nVersion < 4)
3084 return state.Invalid(error("%s : rejected nVersion<4 block", __func__),
3085 REJECT_OBSOLETE, "bad-version");
3090 bool ContextualCheckBlock(const CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex * const pindexPrev)
3092 const int nHeight = pindexPrev == NULL ? 0 : pindexPrev->nHeight + 1;
3093 const Consensus::Params& consensusParams = Params().GetConsensus();
3095 // Check that all transactions are finalized
3096 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx) {
3097 int nLockTimeFlags = 0;
3098 int64_t nLockTimeCutoff = (nLockTimeFlags & LOCKTIME_MEDIAN_TIME_PAST)
3099 ? pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()
3100 : block.GetBlockTime();
3101 if (!IsFinalTx(tx, nHeight, nLockTimeCutoff)) {
3102 return state.DoS(10, error("%s: contains a non-final transaction", __func__), REJECT_INVALID, "bad-txns-nonfinal");
3106 // Enforce block.nVersion=2 rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
3107 // if 750 of the last 1,000 blocks are version 2 or greater (51/100 if testnet):
3108 // Since MIN_BLOCK_VERSION = 4 all blocks with nHeight > 0 should satisfy this.
3109 // This rule is not applied to the genesis block, which didn't include the height
3113 CScript expect = CScript() << nHeight;
3114 if (block.vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.size() < expect.size() ||
3115 !std::equal(expect.begin(), expect.end(), block.vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.begin())) {
3116 return state.DoS(100, error("%s: block height mismatch in coinbase", __func__), REJECT_INVALID, "bad-cb-height");
3120 // Coinbase transaction must include an output sending 20% of
3121 // the block reward to a founders reward script, until the last founders
3122 // reward block is reached, with exception of the genesis block.
3123 // The last founders reward block is defined as the block just before the
3124 // first subsidy halving block, which occurs at halving_interval + slow_start_shift
3125 if ((nHeight > 0) && (nHeight <= consensusParams.GetLastFoundersRewardBlockHeight())) {
3128 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& output, block.vtx[0].vout) {
3129 if (output.scriptPubKey == Params().GetFoundersRewardScriptAtHeight(nHeight)) {
3130 if (output.nValue == (GetBlockSubsidy(nHeight, consensusParams) / 5)) {
3138 return state.DoS(100, error("%s: founders reward missing", __func__), REJECT_INVALID, "cb-no-founders-reward");
3145 bool AcceptBlockHeader(const CBlockHeader& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex** ppindex)
3147 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
3148 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
3149 // Check for duplicate
3150 uint256 hash = block.GetHash();
3151 BlockMap::iterator miSelf = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
3152 CBlockIndex *pindex = NULL;
3153 if (miSelf != mapBlockIndex.end()) {
3154 // Block header is already known.
3155 pindex = miSelf->second;
3158 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK)
3159 return state.Invalid(error("%s: block is marked invalid", __func__), 0, "duplicate");
3163 if (!CheckBlockHeader(block, state))
3166 // Get prev block index
3167 CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = NULL;
3168 if (hash != chainparams.GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock) {
3169 BlockMap::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(block.hashPrevBlock);
3170 if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
3171 return state.DoS(10, error("%s: prev block not found", __func__), 0, "bad-prevblk");
3172 pindexPrev = (*mi).second;
3173 if (pindexPrev->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK)
3174 return state.DoS(100, error("%s: prev block invalid", __func__), REJECT_INVALID, "bad-prevblk");
3177 if (!ContextualCheckBlockHeader(block, state, pindexPrev))
3181 pindex = AddToBlockIndex(block);
3189 bool AcceptBlock(CBlock& block, CValidationState& state, CBlockIndex** ppindex, bool fRequested, CDiskBlockPos* dbp)
3191 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
3192 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
3194 CBlockIndex *&pindex = *ppindex;
3196 if (!AcceptBlockHeader(block, state, &pindex))
3199 // Try to process all requested blocks that we don't have, but only
3200 // process an unrequested block if it's new and has enough work to
3201 // advance our tip, and isn't too many blocks ahead.
3202 bool fAlreadyHave = pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA;
3203 bool fHasMoreWork = (chainActive.Tip() ? pindex->nChainWork > chainActive.Tip()->nChainWork : true);
3204 // Blocks that are too out-of-order needlessly limit the effectiveness of
3205 // pruning, because pruning will not delete block files that contain any
3206 // blocks which are too close in height to the tip. Apply this test
3207 // regardless of whether pruning is enabled; it should generally be safe to
3208 // not process unrequested blocks.
3209 bool fTooFarAhead = (pindex->nHeight > int(chainActive.Height() + MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP));
3211 // TODO: deal better with return value and error conditions for duplicate
3212 // and unrequested blocks.
3213 if (fAlreadyHave) return true;
3214 if (!fRequested) { // If we didn't ask for it:
3215 if (pindex->nTx != 0) return true; // This is a previously-processed block that was pruned
3216 if (!fHasMoreWork) return true; // Don't process less-work chains
3217 if (fTooFarAhead) return true; // Block height is too high
3220 // See method docstring for why this is always disabled
3221 auto verifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Disabled();
3222 if ((!CheckBlock(block, state, verifier)) || !ContextualCheckBlock(block, state, pindex->pprev)) {
3223 if (state.IsInvalid() && !state.CorruptionPossible()) {
3224 pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_VALID;
3225 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
3230 int nHeight = pindex->nHeight;
3232 // Write block to history file
3234 unsigned int nBlockSize = ::GetSerializeSize(block, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
3235 CDiskBlockPos blockPos;
3238 if (!FindBlockPos(state, blockPos, nBlockSize+8, nHeight, block.GetBlockTime(), dbp != NULL))
3239 return error("AcceptBlock(): FindBlockPos failed");
3241 if (!WriteBlockToDisk(block, blockPos, chainparams.MessageStart()))
3242 AbortNode(state, "Failed to write block");
3243 if (!ReceivedBlockTransactions(block, state, pindex, blockPos))
3244 return error("AcceptBlock(): ReceivedBlockTransactions failed");
3245 } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
3246 return AbortNode(state, std::string("System error: ") + e.what());
3249 if (fCheckForPruning)
3250 FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_NONE); // we just allocated more disk space for block files
3255 static bool IsSuperMajority(int minVersion, const CBlockIndex* pstart, unsigned nRequired, const Consensus::Params& consensusParams)
3257 unsigned int nFound = 0;
3258 for (int i = 0; i < consensusParams.nMajorityWindow && nFound < nRequired && pstart != NULL; i++)
3260 if (pstart->nVersion >= minVersion)
3262 pstart = pstart->pprev;
3264 return (nFound >= nRequired);
3268 bool ProcessNewBlock(CValidationState &state, CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock, bool fForceProcessing, CDiskBlockPos *dbp)
3270 // Preliminary checks
3271 auto verifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Disabled();
3272 bool checked = CheckBlock(*pblock, state, verifier);
3276 bool fRequested = MarkBlockAsReceived(pblock->GetHash());
3277 fRequested |= fForceProcessing;
3279 return error("%s: CheckBlock FAILED", __func__);
3283 CBlockIndex *pindex = NULL;
3284 bool ret = AcceptBlock(*pblock, state, &pindex, fRequested, dbp);
3285 if (pindex && pfrom) {
3286 mapBlockSource[pindex->GetBlockHash()] = pfrom->GetId();
3290 return error("%s: AcceptBlock FAILED", __func__);
3293 if (!ActivateBestChain(state, pblock))
3294 return error("%s: ActivateBestChain failed", __func__);
3299 bool TestBlockValidity(CValidationState &state, const CBlock& block, CBlockIndex * const pindexPrev, bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot)
3301 AssertLockHeld(cs_main);
3302 assert(pindexPrev == chainActive.Tip());
3304 CCoinsViewCache viewNew(pcoinsTip);
3305 CBlockIndex indexDummy(block);
3306 indexDummy.pprev = pindexPrev;
3307 indexDummy.nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight + 1;
3308 // JoinSplit proofs are verified in ConnectBlock
3309 auto verifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Disabled();
3311 // NOTE: CheckBlockHeader is called by CheckBlock
3312 if (!ContextualCheckBlockHeader(block, state, pindexPrev))
3314 if (!CheckBlock(block, state, verifier, fCheckPOW, fCheckMerkleRoot))
3316 if (!ContextualCheckBlock(block, state, pindexPrev))
3318 if (!ConnectBlock(block, state, &indexDummy, viewNew, true))
3320 assert(state.IsValid());
3326 * BLOCK PRUNING CODE
3329 /* Calculate the amount of disk space the block & undo files currently use */
3330 uint64_t CalculateCurrentUsage()
3332 uint64_t retval = 0;
3333 BOOST_FOREACH(const CBlockFileInfo &file, vinfoBlockFile) {
3334 retval += file.nSize + file.nUndoSize;
3339 /* Prune a block file (modify associated database entries)*/
3340 void PruneOneBlockFile(const int fileNumber)
3342 for (BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.begin(); it != mapBlockIndex.end(); ++it) {
3343 CBlockIndex* pindex = it->second;
3344 if (pindex->nFile == fileNumber) {
3345 pindex->nStatus &= ~BLOCK_HAVE_DATA;
3346 pindex->nStatus &= ~BLOCK_HAVE_UNDO;
3348 pindex->nDataPos = 0;
3349 pindex->nUndoPos = 0;
3350 setDirtyBlockIndex.insert(pindex);
3352 // Prune from mapBlocksUnlinked -- any block we prune would have
3353 // to be downloaded again in order to consider its chain, at which
3354 // point it would be considered as a candidate for
3355 // mapBlocksUnlinked or setBlockIndexCandidates.
3356 std::pair<std::multimap<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndex*>::iterator, std::multimap<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndex*>::iterator> range = mapBlocksUnlinked.equal_range(pindex->pprev);
3357 while (range.first != range.second) {
3358 std::multimap<CBlockIndex *, CBlockIndex *>::iterator it = range.first;
3360 if (it->second == pindex) {
3361 mapBlocksUnlinked.erase(it);
3367 vinfoBlockFile[fileNumber].SetNull();
3368 setDirtyFileInfo.insert(fileNumber);
3372 void UnlinkPrunedFiles(std::set<int>& setFilesToPrune)
3374 for (set<int>::iterator it = setFilesToPrune.begin(); it != setFilesToPrune.end(); ++it) {
3375 CDiskBlockPos pos(*it, 0);
3376 boost::filesystem::remove(GetBlockPosFilename(pos, "blk"));
3377 boost::filesystem::remove(GetBlockPosFilename(pos, "rev"));
3378 LogPrintf("Prune: %s deleted blk/rev (%05u)\n", __func__, *it);
3382 /* Calculate the block/rev files that should be deleted to remain under target*/
3383 void FindFilesToPrune(std::set<int>& setFilesToPrune)
3385 LOCK2(cs_main, cs_LastBlockFile);
3386 if (chainActive.Tip() == NULL || nPruneTarget == 0) {
3389 if (chainActive.Tip()->nHeight <= Params().PruneAfterHeight()) {
3393 unsigned int nLastBlockWeCanPrune = chainActive.Tip()->nHeight - MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP;
3394 uint64_t nCurrentUsage = CalculateCurrentUsage();
3395 // We don't check to prune until after we've allocated new space for files
3396 // So we should leave a buffer under our target to account for another allocation
3397 // before the next pruning.
3398 uint64_t nBuffer = BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE + UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
3399 uint64_t nBytesToPrune;
3402 if (nCurrentUsage + nBuffer >= nPruneTarget) {
3403 for (int fileNumber = 0; fileNumber < nLastBlockFile; fileNumber++) {
3404 nBytesToPrune = vinfoBlockFile[fileNumber].nSize + vinfoBlockFile[fileNumber].nUndoSize;
3406 if (vinfoBlockFile[fileNumber].nSize == 0)
3409 if (nCurrentUsage + nBuffer < nPruneTarget) // are we below our target?
3412 // don't prune files that could have a block within MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP of the main chain's tip but keep scanning
3413 if (vinfoBlockFile[fileNumber].nHeightLast > nLastBlockWeCanPrune)
3416 PruneOneBlockFile(fileNumber);
3417 // Queue up the files for removal
3418 setFilesToPrune.insert(fileNumber);
3419 nCurrentUsage -= nBytesToPrune;
3424 LogPrint("prune", "Prune: target=%dMiB actual=%dMiB diff=%dMiB max_prune_height=%d removed %d blk/rev pairs\n",
3425 nPruneTarget/1024/1024, nCurrentUsage/1024/1024,
3426 ((int64_t)nPruneTarget - (int64_t)nCurrentUsage)/1024/1024,
3427 nLastBlockWeCanPrune, count);
3430 bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64_t nAdditionalBytes)
3432 uint64_t nFreeBytesAvailable = boost::filesystem::space(GetDataDir()).available;
3434 // Check for nMinDiskSpace bytes (currently 50MB)
3435 if (nFreeBytesAvailable < nMinDiskSpace + nAdditionalBytes)
3436 return AbortNode("Disk space is low!", _("Error: Disk space is low!"));
3441 FILE* OpenDiskFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, const char *prefix, bool fReadOnly)
3445 boost::filesystem::path path = GetBlockPosFilename(pos, prefix);
3446 boost::filesystem::create_directories(path.parent_path());
3447 FILE* file = fopen(path.string().c_str(), "rb+");
3448 if (!file && !fReadOnly)
3449 file = fopen(path.string().c_str(), "wb+");
3451 LogPrintf("Unable to open file %s\n", path.string());
3455 if (fseek(file, pos.nPos, SEEK_SET)) {
3456 LogPrintf("Unable to seek to position %u of %s\n", pos.nPos, path.string());
3464 FILE* OpenBlockFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly) {
3465 return OpenDiskFile(pos, "blk", fReadOnly);
3468 FILE* OpenUndoFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly) {
3469 return OpenDiskFile(pos, "rev", fReadOnly);
3472 boost::filesystem::path GetBlockPosFilename(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, const char *prefix)
3474 return GetDataDir() / "blocks" / strprintf("%s%05u.dat", prefix, pos.nFile);
3477 CBlockIndex * InsertBlockIndex(uint256 hash)
3483 BlockMap::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
3484 if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
3485 return (*mi).second;
3488 CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex();
3490 throw runtime_error("LoadBlockIndex(): new CBlockIndex failed");
3491 mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
3492 pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
3497 bool static LoadBlockIndexDB()
3499 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
3500 if (!pblocktree->LoadBlockIndexGuts())
3503 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
3505 // Calculate nChainWork
3506 vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vSortedByHeight;
3507 vSortedByHeight.reserve(mapBlockIndex.size());
3508 BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CBlockIndex*)& item, mapBlockIndex)
3510 CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
3511 vSortedByHeight.push_back(make_pair(pindex->nHeight, pindex));
3513 sort(vSortedByHeight.begin(), vSortedByHeight.end());
3514 BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(int, CBlockIndex*)& item, vSortedByHeight)
3516 CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
3517 pindex->nChainWork = (pindex->pprev ? pindex->pprev->nChainWork : 0) + GetBlockProof(*pindex);
3518 // We can link the chain of blocks for which we've received transactions at some point.
3519 // Pruned nodes may have deleted the block.
3520 if (pindex->nTx > 0) {
3521 if (pindex->pprev) {
3522 if (pindex->pprev->nChainTx) {
3523 pindex->nChainTx = pindex->pprev->nChainTx + pindex->nTx;
3525 pindex->nChainTx = 0;
3526 mapBlocksUnlinked.insert(std::make_pair(pindex->pprev, pindex));
3529 pindex->nChainTx = pindex->nTx;
3532 if (pindex->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS) && (pindex->nChainTx || pindex->pprev == NULL))
3533 setBlockIndexCandidates.insert(pindex);
3534 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK && (!pindexBestInvalid || pindex->nChainWork > pindexBestInvalid->nChainWork))
3535 pindexBestInvalid = pindex;
3537 pindex->BuildSkip();
3538 if (pindex->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_TREE) && (pindexBestHeader == NULL || CBlockIndexWorkComparator()(pindexBestHeader, pindex)))
3539 pindexBestHeader = pindex;
3542 // Load block file info
3543 pblocktree->ReadLastBlockFile(nLastBlockFile);
3544 vinfoBlockFile.resize(nLastBlockFile + 1);
3545 LogPrintf("%s: last block file = %i\n", __func__, nLastBlockFile);
3546 for (int nFile = 0; nFile <= nLastBlockFile; nFile++) {
3547 pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(nFile, vinfoBlockFile[nFile]);
3549 LogPrintf("%s: last block file info: %s\n", __func__, vinfoBlockFile[nLastBlockFile].ToString());
3550 for (int nFile = nLastBlockFile + 1; true; nFile++) {
3551 CBlockFileInfo info;
3552 if (pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(nFile, info)) {
3553 vinfoBlockFile.push_back(info);
3559 // Check presence of blk files
3560 LogPrintf("Checking all blk files are present...\n");
3561 set<int> setBlkDataFiles;
3562 BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CBlockIndex*)& item, mapBlockIndex)
3564 CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
3565 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA) {
3566 setBlkDataFiles.insert(pindex->nFile);
3569 for (std::set<int>::iterator it = setBlkDataFiles.begin(); it != setBlkDataFiles.end(); it++)
3571 CDiskBlockPos pos(*it, 0);
3572 if (CAutoFile(OpenBlockFile(pos, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION).IsNull()) {
3577 // Check whether we have ever pruned block & undo files
3578 pblocktree->ReadFlag("prunedblockfiles", fHavePruned);
3580 LogPrintf("LoadBlockIndexDB(): Block files have previously been pruned\n");
3582 // Check whether we need to continue reindexing
3583 bool fReindexing = false;
3584 pblocktree->ReadReindexing(fReindexing);
3585 fReindex |= fReindexing;
3587 // Check whether we have a transaction index
3588 pblocktree->ReadFlag("txindex", fTxIndex);
3589 LogPrintf("%s: transaction index %s\n", __func__, fTxIndex ? "enabled" : "disabled");
3591 // Fill in-memory data
3592 BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CBlockIndex*)& item, mapBlockIndex)
3594 CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
3595 // - This relationship will always be true even if pprev has multiple
3596 // children, because hashAnchor is technically a property of pprev,
3597 // not its children.
3598 // - This will miss chain tips; we handle the best tip below, and other
3599 // tips will be handled by ConnectTip during a re-org.
3600 if (pindex->pprev) {
3601 pindex->pprev->hashAnchorEnd = pindex->hashAnchor;
3605 // Load pointer to end of best chain
3606 BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.find(pcoinsTip->GetBestBlock());
3607 if (it == mapBlockIndex.end())
3609 chainActive.SetTip(it->second);
3610 // Set hashAnchorEnd for the end of best chain
3611 it->second->hashAnchorEnd = pcoinsTip->GetBestAnchor();
3613 PruneBlockIndexCandidates();
3615 LogPrintf("%s: hashBestChain=%s height=%d date=%s progress=%f\n", __func__,
3616 chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash().ToString(), chainActive.Height(),
3617 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockTime()),
3618 Checkpoints::GuessVerificationProgress(chainparams.Checkpoints(), chainActive.Tip()));
3620 EnforceNodeDeprecation(chainActive.Height(), true);
3625 CVerifyDB::CVerifyDB()
3627 uiInterface.ShowProgress(_("Verifying blocks..."), 0);
3630 CVerifyDB::~CVerifyDB()
3632 uiInterface.ShowProgress("", 100);
3635 bool CVerifyDB::VerifyDB(CCoinsView *coinsview, int nCheckLevel, int nCheckDepth)
3638 if (chainActive.Tip() == NULL || chainActive.Tip()->pprev == NULL)
3641 // Verify blocks in the best chain
3642 if (nCheckDepth <= 0)
3643 nCheckDepth = 1000000000; // suffices until the year 19000
3644 if (nCheckDepth > chainActive.Height())
3645 nCheckDepth = chainActive.Height();
3646 nCheckLevel = std::max(0, std::min(4, nCheckLevel));
3647 LogPrintf("Verifying last %i blocks at level %i\n", nCheckDepth, nCheckLevel);
3648 CCoinsViewCache coins(coinsview);
3649 CBlockIndex* pindexState = chainActive.Tip();
3650 CBlockIndex* pindexFailure = NULL;
3651 int nGoodTransactions = 0;
3652 CValidationState state;
3653 // No need to verify JoinSplits twice
3654 auto verifier = libzcash::ProofVerifier::Disabled();
3655 for (CBlockIndex* pindex = chainActive.Tip(); pindex && pindex->pprev; pindex = pindex->pprev)
3657 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
3658 uiInterface.ShowProgress(_("Verifying blocks..."), std::max(1, std::min(99, (int)(((double)(chainActive.Height() - pindex->nHeight)) / (double)nCheckDepth * (nCheckLevel >= 4 ? 50 : 100)))));
3659 if (pindex->nHeight < chainActive.Height()-nCheckDepth)
3662 // check level 0: read from disk
3663 if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindex))
3664 return error("VerifyDB(): *** ReadBlockFromDisk failed at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
3665 // check level 1: verify block validity
3666 if (nCheckLevel >= 1 && !CheckBlock(block, state, verifier))
3667 return error("VerifyDB(): *** found bad block at %d, hash=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
3668 // check level 2: verify undo validity
3669 if (nCheckLevel >= 2 && pindex) {
3671 CDiskBlockPos pos = pindex->GetUndoPos();
3672 if (!pos.IsNull()) {
3673 if (!UndoReadFromDisk(undo, pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash()))
3674 return error("VerifyDB(): *** found bad undo data at %d, hash=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
3677 // check level 3: check for inconsistencies during memory-only disconnect of tip blocks
3678 if (nCheckLevel >= 3 && pindex == pindexState && (coins.DynamicMemoryUsage() + pcoinsTip->DynamicMemoryUsage()) <= nCoinCacheUsage) {
3680 if (!DisconnectBlock(block, state, pindex, coins, &fClean))
3681 return error("VerifyDB(): *** irrecoverable inconsistency in block data at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
3682 pindexState = pindex->pprev;
3684 nGoodTransactions = 0;
3685 pindexFailure = pindex;
3687 nGoodTransactions += block.vtx.size();
3689 if (ShutdownRequested())
3693 return error("VerifyDB(): *** coin database inconsistencies found (last %i blocks, %i good transactions before that)\n", chainActive.Height() - pindexFailure->nHeight + 1, nGoodTransactions);
3695 // check level 4: try reconnecting blocks
3696 if (nCheckLevel >= 4) {
3697 CBlockIndex *pindex = pindexState;
3698 while (pindex != chainActive.Tip()) {
3699 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
3700 uiInterface.ShowProgress(_("Verifying blocks..."), std::max(1, std::min(99, 100 - (int)(((double)(chainActive.Height() - pindex->nHeight)) / (double)nCheckDepth * 50))));
3701 pindex = chainActive.Next(pindex);
3703 if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindex))
3704 return error("VerifyDB(): *** ReadBlockFromDisk failed at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
3705 if (!ConnectBlock(block, state, pindex, coins))
3706 return error("VerifyDB(): *** found unconnectable block at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
3710 LogPrintf("No coin database inconsistencies in last %i blocks (%i transactions)\n", chainActive.Height() - pindexState->nHeight, nGoodTransactions);
3715 void UnloadBlockIndex()
3718 setBlockIndexCandidates.clear();
3719 chainActive.SetTip(NULL);
3720 pindexBestInvalid = NULL;
3721 pindexBestHeader = NULL;
3723 mapOrphanTransactions.clear();
3724 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.clear();
3726 mapBlocksUnlinked.clear();
3727 vinfoBlockFile.clear();
3729 nBlockSequenceId = 1;
3730 mapBlockSource.clear();
3731 mapBlocksInFlight.clear();
3732 nQueuedValidatedHeaders = 0;
3733 nPreferredDownload = 0;
3734 setDirtyBlockIndex.clear();
3735 setDirtyFileInfo.clear();
3736 mapNodeState.clear();
3737 recentRejects.reset(NULL);
3739 BOOST_FOREACH(BlockMap::value_type& entry, mapBlockIndex) {
3740 delete entry.second;
3742 mapBlockIndex.clear();
3743 fHavePruned = false;
3746 bool LoadBlockIndex()
3748 // Load block index from databases
3749 if (!fReindex && !LoadBlockIndexDB())
3755 bool InitBlockIndex() {
3756 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
3759 // Initialize global variables that cannot be constructed at startup.
3760 recentRejects.reset(new CRollingBloomFilter(120000, 0.000001));
3762 // Check whether we're already initialized
3763 if (chainActive.Genesis() != NULL)
3766 // Use the provided setting for -txindex in the new database
3767 fTxIndex = GetBoolArg("-txindex", false);
3768 pblocktree->WriteFlag("txindex", fTxIndex);
3769 LogPrintf("Initializing databases...\n");
3771 // Only add the genesis block if not reindexing (in which case we reuse the one already on disk)
3774 CBlock &block = const_cast<CBlock&>(Params().GenesisBlock());
3775 // Start new block file
3776 unsigned int nBlockSize = ::GetSerializeSize(block, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
3777 CDiskBlockPos blockPos;
3778 CValidationState state;
3779 if (!FindBlockPos(state, blockPos, nBlockSize+8, 0, block.GetBlockTime()))
3780 return error("LoadBlockIndex(): FindBlockPos failed");
3781 if (!WriteBlockToDisk(block, blockPos, chainparams.MessageStart()))
3782 return error("LoadBlockIndex(): writing genesis block to disk failed");
3783 CBlockIndex *pindex = AddToBlockIndex(block);
3784 if (!ReceivedBlockTransactions(block, state, pindex, blockPos))
3785 return error("LoadBlockIndex(): genesis block not accepted");
3786 if (!ActivateBestChain(state, &block))
3787 return error("LoadBlockIndex(): genesis block cannot be activated");
3788 // Force a chainstate write so that when we VerifyDB in a moment, it doesn't check stale data
3789 return FlushStateToDisk(state, FLUSH_STATE_ALWAYS);
3790 } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
3791 return error("LoadBlockIndex(): failed to initialize block database: %s", e.what());
3800 bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn, CDiskBlockPos *dbp)
3802 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
3803 // Map of disk positions for blocks with unknown parent (only used for reindex)
3804 static std::multimap<uint256, CDiskBlockPos> mapBlocksUnknownParent;
3805 int64_t nStart = GetTimeMillis();
3809 // This takes over fileIn and calls fclose() on it in the CBufferedFile destructor
3810 CBufferedFile blkdat(fileIn, 2*MAX_BLOCK_SIZE, MAX_BLOCK_SIZE+8, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
3811 uint64_t nRewind = blkdat.GetPos();
3812 while (!blkdat.eof()) {
3813 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
3815 blkdat.SetPos(nRewind);
3816 nRewind++; // start one byte further next time, in case of failure
3817 blkdat.SetLimit(); // remove former limit
3818 unsigned int nSize = 0;
3821 unsigned char buf[MESSAGE_START_SIZE];
3822 blkdat.FindByte(Params().MessageStart()[0]);
3823 nRewind = blkdat.GetPos()+1;
3824 blkdat >> FLATDATA(buf);
3825 if (memcmp(buf, Params().MessageStart(), MESSAGE_START_SIZE))
3829 if (nSize < 80 || nSize > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
3831 } catch (const std::exception&) {
3832 // no valid block header found; don't complain
3837 uint64_t nBlockPos = blkdat.GetPos();
3839 dbp->nPos = nBlockPos;
3840 blkdat.SetLimit(nBlockPos + nSize);
3841 blkdat.SetPos(nBlockPos);
3844 nRewind = blkdat.GetPos();
3846 // detect out of order blocks, and store them for later
3847 uint256 hash = block.GetHash();
3848 if (hash != chainparams.GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock && mapBlockIndex.find(block.hashPrevBlock) == mapBlockIndex.end()) {
3849 LogPrint("reindex", "%s: Out of order block %s, parent %s not known\n", __func__, hash.ToString(),
3850 block.hashPrevBlock.ToString());
3852 mapBlocksUnknownParent.insert(std::make_pair(block.hashPrevBlock, *dbp));
3856 // process in case the block isn't known yet
3857 if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash) == 0 || (mapBlockIndex[hash]->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA) == 0) {
3858 CValidationState state;
3859 if (ProcessNewBlock(state, NULL, &block, true, dbp))
3861 if (state.IsError())
3863 } else if (hash != chainparams.GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock && mapBlockIndex[hash]->nHeight % 1000 == 0) {
3864 LogPrintf("Block Import: already had block %s at height %d\n", hash.ToString(), mapBlockIndex[hash]->nHeight);
3867 // Recursively process earlier encountered successors of this block
3868 deque<uint256> queue;
3869 queue.push_back(hash);
3870 while (!queue.empty()) {
3871 uint256 head = queue.front();
3873 std::pair<std::multimap<uint256, CDiskBlockPos>::iterator, std::multimap<uint256, CDiskBlockPos>::iterator> range = mapBlocksUnknownParent.equal_range(head);
3874 while (range.first != range.second) {
3875 std::multimap<uint256, CDiskBlockPos>::iterator it = range.first;
3876 if (ReadBlockFromDisk(block, it->second))
3878 LogPrintf("%s: Processing out of order child %s of %s\n", __func__, block.GetHash().ToString(),
3880 CValidationState dummy;
3881 if (ProcessNewBlock(dummy, NULL, &block, true, &it->second))
3884 queue.push_back(block.GetHash());
3888 mapBlocksUnknownParent.erase(it);
3891 } catch (const std::exception& e) {
3892 LogPrintf("%s: Deserialize or I/O error - %s\n", __func__, e.what());
3895 } catch (const std::runtime_error& e) {
3896 AbortNode(std::string("System error: ") + e.what());
3899 LogPrintf("Loaded %i blocks from external file in %dms\n", nLoaded, GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
3903 void static CheckBlockIndex()
3905 const Consensus::Params& consensusParams = Params().GetConsensus();
3906 if (!fCheckBlockIndex) {
3912 // During a reindex, we read the genesis block and call CheckBlockIndex before ActivateBestChain,
3913 // so we have the genesis block in mapBlockIndex but no active chain. (A few of the tests when
3914 // iterating the block tree require that chainActive has been initialized.)
3915 if (chainActive.Height() < 0) {
3916 assert(mapBlockIndex.size() <= 1);
3920 // Build forward-pointing map of the entire block tree.
3921 std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*> forward;
3922 for (BlockMap::iterator it = mapBlockIndex.begin(); it != mapBlockIndex.end(); it++) {
3923 forward.insert(std::make_pair(it->second->pprev, it->second));
3926 assert(forward.size() == mapBlockIndex.size());
3928 std::pair<std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator,std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator> rangeGenesis = forward.equal_range(NULL);
3929 CBlockIndex *pindex = rangeGenesis.first->second;
3930 rangeGenesis.first++;
3931 assert(rangeGenesis.first == rangeGenesis.second); // There is only one index entry with parent NULL.
3933 // Iterate over the entire block tree, using depth-first search.
3934 // Along the way, remember whether there are blocks on the path from genesis
3935 // block being explored which are the first to have certain properties.
3938 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstInvalid = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex which is invalid.
3939 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstMissing = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex which does not have BLOCK_HAVE_DATA.
3940 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstNeverProcessed = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex for which nTx == 0.
3941 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstNotTreeValid = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex which does not have BLOCK_VALID_TREE (regardless of being valid or not).
3942 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstNotTransactionsValid = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex which does not have BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS (regardless of being valid or not).
3943 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstNotChainValid = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex which does not have BLOCK_VALID_CHAIN (regardless of being valid or not).
3944 CBlockIndex* pindexFirstNotScriptsValid = NULL; // Oldest ancestor of pindex which does not have BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS (regardless of being valid or not).
3945 while (pindex != NULL) {
3947 if (pindexFirstInvalid == NULL && pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_VALID) pindexFirstInvalid = pindex;
3948 if (pindexFirstMissing == NULL && !(pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA)) pindexFirstMissing = pindex;
3949 if (pindexFirstNeverProcessed == NULL && pindex->nTx == 0) pindexFirstNeverProcessed = pindex;
3950 if (pindex->pprev != NULL && pindexFirstNotTreeValid == NULL && (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) < BLOCK_VALID_TREE) pindexFirstNotTreeValid = pindex;
3951 if (pindex->pprev != NULL && pindexFirstNotTransactionsValid == NULL && (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) < BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS) pindexFirstNotTransactionsValid = pindex;
3952 if (pindex->pprev != NULL && pindexFirstNotChainValid == NULL && (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) < BLOCK_VALID_CHAIN) pindexFirstNotChainValid = pindex;
3953 if (pindex->pprev != NULL && pindexFirstNotScriptsValid == NULL && (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) < BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS) pindexFirstNotScriptsValid = pindex;
3955 // Begin: actual consistency checks.
3956 if (pindex->pprev == NULL) {
3957 // Genesis block checks.
3958 assert(pindex->GetBlockHash() == consensusParams.hashGenesisBlock); // Genesis block's hash must match.
3959 assert(pindex == chainActive.Genesis()); // The current active chain's genesis block must be this block.
3961 if (pindex->nChainTx == 0) assert(pindex->nSequenceId == 0); // nSequenceId can't be set for blocks that aren't linked
3962 // VALID_TRANSACTIONS is equivalent to nTx > 0 for all nodes (whether or not pruning has occurred).
3963 // HAVE_DATA is only equivalent to nTx > 0 (or VALID_TRANSACTIONS) if no pruning has occurred.
3965 // If we've never pruned, then HAVE_DATA should be equivalent to nTx > 0
3966 assert(!(pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA) == (pindex->nTx == 0));
3967 assert(pindexFirstMissing == pindexFirstNeverProcessed);
3969 // If we have pruned, then we can only say that HAVE_DATA implies nTx > 0
3970 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA) assert(pindex->nTx > 0);
3972 if (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_UNDO) assert(pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA);
3973 assert(((pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) >= BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS) == (pindex->nTx > 0)); // This is pruning-independent.
3974 // All parents having had data (at some point) is equivalent to all parents being VALID_TRANSACTIONS, which is equivalent to nChainTx being set.
3975 assert((pindexFirstNeverProcessed != NULL) == (pindex->nChainTx == 0)); // nChainTx != 0 is used to signal that all parent blocks have been processed (but may have been pruned).
3976 assert((pindexFirstNotTransactionsValid != NULL) == (pindex->nChainTx == 0));
3977 assert(pindex->nHeight == nHeight); // nHeight must be consistent.
3978 assert(pindex->pprev == NULL || pindex->nChainWork >= pindex->pprev->nChainWork); // For every block except the genesis block, the chainwork must be larger than the parent's.
3979 assert(nHeight < 2 || (pindex->pskip && (pindex->pskip->nHeight < nHeight))); // The pskip pointer must point back for all but the first 2 blocks.
3980 assert(pindexFirstNotTreeValid == NULL); // All mapBlockIndex entries must at least be TREE valid
3981 if ((pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) >= BLOCK_VALID_TREE) assert(pindexFirstNotTreeValid == NULL); // TREE valid implies all parents are TREE valid
3982 if ((pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) >= BLOCK_VALID_CHAIN) assert(pindexFirstNotChainValid == NULL); // CHAIN valid implies all parents are CHAIN valid
3983 if ((pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) >= BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS) assert(pindexFirstNotScriptsValid == NULL); // SCRIPTS valid implies all parents are SCRIPTS valid
3984 if (pindexFirstInvalid == NULL) {
3985 // Checks for not-invalid blocks.
3986 assert((pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK) == 0); // The failed mask cannot be set for blocks without invalid parents.
3988 if (!CBlockIndexWorkComparator()(pindex, chainActive.Tip()) && pindexFirstNeverProcessed == NULL) {
3989 if (pindexFirstInvalid == NULL) {
3990 // If this block sorts at least as good as the current tip and
3991 // is valid and we have all data for its parents, it must be in
3992 // setBlockIndexCandidates. chainActive.Tip() must also be there
3993 // even if some data has been pruned.
3994 if (pindexFirstMissing == NULL || pindex == chainActive.Tip()) {
3995 assert(setBlockIndexCandidates.count(pindex));
3997 // If some parent is missing, then it could be that this block was in
3998 // setBlockIndexCandidates but had to be removed because of the missing data.
3999 // In this case it must be in mapBlocksUnlinked -- see test below.
4001 } else { // If this block sorts worse than the current tip or some ancestor's block has never been seen, it cannot be in setBlockIndexCandidates.
4002 assert(setBlockIndexCandidates.count(pindex) == 0);
4004 // Check whether this block is in mapBlocksUnlinked.
4005 std::pair<std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator,std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator> rangeUnlinked = mapBlocksUnlinked.equal_range(pindex->pprev);
4006 bool foundInUnlinked = false;
4007 while (rangeUnlinked.first != rangeUnlinked.second) {
4008 assert(rangeUnlinked.first->first == pindex->pprev);
4009 if (rangeUnlinked.first->second == pindex) {
4010 foundInUnlinked = true;
4013 rangeUnlinked.first++;
4015 if (pindex->pprev && (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA) && pindexFirstNeverProcessed != NULL && pindexFirstInvalid == NULL) {
4016 // If this block has block data available, some parent was never received, and has no invalid parents, it must be in mapBlocksUnlinked.
4017 assert(foundInUnlinked);
4019 if (!(pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA)) assert(!foundInUnlinked); // Can't be in mapBlocksUnlinked if we don't HAVE_DATA
4020 if (pindexFirstMissing == NULL) assert(!foundInUnlinked); // We aren't missing data for any parent -- cannot be in mapBlocksUnlinked.
4021 if (pindex->pprev && (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA) && pindexFirstNeverProcessed == NULL && pindexFirstMissing != NULL) {
4022 // We HAVE_DATA for this block, have received data for all parents at some point, but we're currently missing data for some parent.
4023 assert(fHavePruned); // We must have pruned.
4024 // This block may have entered mapBlocksUnlinked if:
4025 // - it has a descendant that at some point had more work than the
4027 // - we tried switching to that descendant but were missing
4028 // data for some intermediate block between chainActive and the
4030 // So if this block is itself better than chainActive.Tip() and it wasn't in
4031 // setBlockIndexCandidates, then it must be in mapBlocksUnlinked.
4032 if (!CBlockIndexWorkComparator()(pindex, chainActive.Tip()) && setBlockIndexCandidates.count(pindex) == 0) {
4033 if (pindexFirstInvalid == NULL) {
4034 assert(foundInUnlinked);
4038 // assert(pindex->GetBlockHash() == pindex->GetBlockHeader().GetHash()); // Perhaps too slow
4039 // End: actual consistency checks.
4041 // Try descending into the first subnode.
4042 std::pair<std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator,std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator> range = forward.equal_range(pindex);
4043 if (range.first != range.second) {
4044 // A subnode was found.
4045 pindex = range.first->second;
4049 // This is a leaf node.
4050 // Move upwards until we reach a node of which we have not yet visited the last child.
4052 // We are going to either move to a parent or a sibling of pindex.
4053 // If pindex was the first with a certain property, unset the corresponding variable.
4054 if (pindex == pindexFirstInvalid) pindexFirstInvalid = NULL;
4055 if (pindex == pindexFirstMissing) pindexFirstMissing = NULL;
4056 if (pindex == pindexFirstNeverProcessed) pindexFirstNeverProcessed = NULL;
4057 if (pindex == pindexFirstNotTreeValid) pindexFirstNotTreeValid = NULL;
4058 if (pindex == pindexFirstNotTransactionsValid) pindexFirstNotTransactionsValid = NULL;
4059 if (pindex == pindexFirstNotChainValid) pindexFirstNotChainValid = NULL;
4060 if (pindex == pindexFirstNotScriptsValid) pindexFirstNotScriptsValid = NULL;
4062 CBlockIndex* pindexPar = pindex->pprev;
4063 // Find which child we just visited.
4064 std::pair<std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator,std::multimap<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndex*>::iterator> rangePar = forward.equal_range(pindexPar);
4065 while (rangePar.first->second != pindex) {
4066 assert(rangePar.first != rangePar.second); // Our parent must have at least the node we're coming from as child.
4069 // Proceed to the next one.
4071 if (rangePar.first != rangePar.second) {
4072 // Move to the sibling.
4073 pindex = rangePar.first->second;
4084 // Check that we actually traversed the entire map.
4085 assert(nNodes == forward.size());
4088 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
4093 std::string GetWarnings(const std::string& strFor)
4096 string strStatusBar;
4099 if (!CLIENT_VERSION_IS_RELEASE)
4100 strStatusBar = _("This is a pre-release test build - use at your own risk - do not use for mining or merchant applications");
4102 if (GetBoolArg("-testsafemode", false))
4103 strStatusBar = strRPC = "testsafemode enabled";
4105 // Misc warnings like out of disk space and clock is wrong
4106 if (strMiscWarning != "")
4109 strStatusBar = strMiscWarning;
4112 if (fLargeWorkForkFound)
4115 strStatusBar = strRPC = _("Warning: The network does not appear to fully agree! Some miners appear to be experiencing issues.");
4117 else if (fLargeWorkInvalidChainFound)
4120 strStatusBar = strRPC = _("Warning: We do not appear to fully agree with our peers! You may need to upgrade, or other nodes may need to upgrade.");
4126 BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
4128 const CAlert& alert = item.second;
4129 if (alert.AppliesToMe() && alert.nPriority > nPriority)
4131 nPriority = alert.nPriority;
4132 strStatusBar = alert.strStatusBar;
4133 if (alert.nPriority >= ALERT_PRIORITY_SAFE_MODE) {
4134 strRPC = alert.strRPCError;
4140 if (strFor == "statusbar")
4141 return strStatusBar;
4142 else if (strFor == "rpc")
4144 assert(!"GetWarnings(): invalid parameter");
4155 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
4161 bool static AlreadyHave(const CInv& inv) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(cs_main)
4167 assert(recentRejects);
4168 if (chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash() != hashRecentRejectsChainTip)
4170 // If the chain tip has changed previously rejected transactions
4171 // might be now valid, e.g. due to a nLockTime'd tx becoming valid,
4172 // or a double-spend. Reset the rejects filter and give those
4173 // txs a second chance.
4174 hashRecentRejectsChainTip = chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash();
4175 recentRejects->reset();
4178 return recentRejects->contains(inv.hash) ||
4179 mempool.exists(inv.hash) ||
4180 mapOrphanTransactions.count(inv.hash) ||
4181 pcoinsTip->HaveCoins(inv.hash);
4184 return mapBlockIndex.count(inv.hash);
4186 // Don't know what it is, just say we already got one
4190 void static ProcessGetData(CNode* pfrom)
4192 std::deque<CInv>::iterator it = pfrom->vRecvGetData.begin();
4194 vector<CInv> vNotFound;
4198 while (it != pfrom->vRecvGetData.end()) {
4199 // Don't bother if send buffer is too full to respond anyway
4200 if (pfrom->nSendSize >= SendBufferSize())
4203 const CInv &inv = *it;
4205 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
4208 if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK || inv.type == MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK)
4211 BlockMap::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(inv.hash);
4212 if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
4214 if (chainActive.Contains(mi->second)) {
4217 static const int nOneMonth = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60;
4218 // To prevent fingerprinting attacks, only send blocks outside of the active
4219 // chain if they are valid, and no more than a month older (both in time, and in
4220 // best equivalent proof of work) than the best header chain we know about.
4221 send = mi->second->IsValid(BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS) && (pindexBestHeader != NULL) &&
4222 (pindexBestHeader->GetBlockTime() - mi->second->GetBlockTime() < nOneMonth) &&
4223 (GetBlockProofEquivalentTime(*pindexBestHeader, *mi->second, *pindexBestHeader, Params().GetConsensus()) < nOneMonth);
4225 LogPrintf("%s: ignoring request from peer=%i for old block that isn't in the main chain\n", __func__, pfrom->GetId());
4229 // Pruned nodes may have deleted the block, so check whether
4230 // it's available before trying to send.
4231 if (send && (mi->second->nStatus & BLOCK_HAVE_DATA))
4233 // Send block from disk
4235 if (!ReadBlockFromDisk(block, (*mi).second))
4236 assert(!"cannot load block from disk");
4237 if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK)
4238 pfrom->PushMessage("block", block);
4239 else // MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK)
4241 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
4244 CMerkleBlock merkleBlock(block, *pfrom->pfilter);
4245 pfrom->PushMessage("merkleblock", merkleBlock);
4246 // CMerkleBlock just contains hashes, so also push any transactions in the block the client did not see
4247 // This avoids hurting performance by pointlessly requiring a round-trip
4248 // Note that there is currently no way for a node to request any single transactions we didn't send here -
4249 // they must either disconnect and retry or request the full block.
4250 // Thus, the protocol spec specified allows for us to provide duplicate txn here,
4251 // however we MUST always provide at least what the remote peer needs
4252 typedef std::pair<unsigned int, uint256> PairType;
4253 BOOST_FOREACH(PairType& pair, merkleBlock.vMatchedTxn)
4254 if (!pfrom->setInventoryKnown.count(CInv(MSG_TX, pair.second)))
4255 pfrom->PushMessage("tx", block.vtx[pair.first]);
4261 // Trigger the peer node to send a getblocks request for the next batch of inventory
4262 if (inv.hash == pfrom->hashContinue)
4264 // Bypass PushInventory, this must send even if redundant,
4265 // and we want it right after the last block so they don't
4266 // wait for other stuff first.
4268 vInv.push_back(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash()));
4269 pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
4270 pfrom->hashContinue.SetNull();
4274 else if (inv.IsKnownType())
4276 // Send stream from relay memory
4277 bool pushed = false;
4280 map<CInv, CDataStream>::iterator mi = mapRelay.find(inv);
4281 if (mi != mapRelay.end()) {
4282 pfrom->PushMessage(inv.GetCommand(), (*mi).second);
4286 if (!pushed && inv.type == MSG_TX) {
4288 if (mempool.lookup(inv.hash, tx)) {
4289 CDataStream ss(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
4292 pfrom->PushMessage("tx", ss);
4297 vNotFound.push_back(inv);
4301 // Track requests for our stuff.
4302 GetMainSignals().Inventory(inv.hash);
4304 if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK || inv.type == MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK)
4309 pfrom->vRecvGetData.erase(pfrom->vRecvGetData.begin(), it);
4311 if (!vNotFound.empty()) {
4312 // Let the peer know that we didn't find what it asked for, so it doesn't
4313 // have to wait around forever. Currently only SPV clients actually care
4314 // about this message: it's needed when they are recursively walking the
4315 // dependencies of relevant unconfirmed transactions. SPV clients want to
4316 // do that because they want to know about (and store and rebroadcast and
4317 // risk analyze) the dependencies of transactions relevant to them, without
4318 // having to download the entire memory pool.
4319 pfrom->PushMessage("notfound", vNotFound);
4323 bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv, int64_t nTimeReceived)
4325 const CChainParams& chainparams = Params();
4326 LogPrint("net", "received: %s (%u bytes) peer=%d\n", SanitizeString(strCommand), vRecv.size(), pfrom->id);
4327 if (mapArgs.count("-dropmessagestest") && GetRand(atoi(mapArgs["-dropmessagestest"])) == 0)
4329 LogPrintf("dropmessagestest DROPPING RECV MESSAGE\n");
4336 if (strCommand == "version")
4338 // Each connection can only send one version message
4339 if (pfrom->nVersion != 0)
4341 pfrom->PushMessage("reject", strCommand, REJECT_DUPLICATE, string("Duplicate version message"));
4342 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 1);
4349 uint64_t nNonce = 1;
4350 vRecv >> pfrom->nVersion >> pfrom->nServices >> nTime >> addrMe;
4351 if (pfrom->nVersion < MIN_PEER_PROTO_VERSION)
4353 // disconnect from peers older than this proto version
4354 LogPrintf("peer=%d using obsolete version %i; disconnecting\n", pfrom->id, pfrom->nVersion);
4355 pfrom->PushMessage("reject", strCommand, REJECT_OBSOLETE,
4356 strprintf("Version must be %d or greater", MIN_PEER_PROTO_VERSION));
4357 pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
4362 vRecv >> addrFrom >> nNonce;
4363 if (!vRecv.empty()) {
4364 vRecv >> LIMITED_STRING(pfrom->strSubVer, 256);
4365 pfrom->cleanSubVer = SanitizeString(pfrom->strSubVer);
4368 vRecv >> pfrom->nStartingHeight;
4370 vRecv >> pfrom->fRelayTxes; // set to true after we get the first filter* message
4372 pfrom->fRelayTxes = true;
4374 // Disconnect if we connected to ourself
4375 if (nNonce == nLocalHostNonce && nNonce > 1)
4377 LogPrintf("connected to self at %s, disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString());
4378 pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
4382 pfrom->addrLocal = addrMe;
4383 if (pfrom->fInbound && addrMe.IsRoutable())
4388 // Be shy and don't send version until we hear
4389 if (pfrom->fInbound)
4390 pfrom->PushVersion();
4392 pfrom->fClient = !(pfrom->nServices & NODE_NETWORK);
4394 // Potentially mark this peer as a preferred download peer.
4395 UpdatePreferredDownload(pfrom, State(pfrom->GetId()));
4398 pfrom->PushMessage("verack");
4399 pfrom->ssSend.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
4401 if (!pfrom->fInbound)
4403 // Advertise our address
4404 if (fListen && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
4406 CAddress addr = GetLocalAddress(&pfrom->addr);
4407 if (addr.IsRoutable())
4409 LogPrintf("ProcessMessages: advertizing address %s\n", addr.ToString());
4410 pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
4411 } else if (IsPeerAddrLocalGood(pfrom)) {
4412 addr.SetIP(pfrom->addrLocal);
4413 LogPrintf("ProcessMessages: advertizing address %s\n", addr.ToString());
4414 pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
4418 // Get recent addresses
4419 pfrom->PushMessage("getaddr");
4420 pfrom->fGetAddr = true;
4421 addrman.Good(pfrom->addr);
4423 if (((CNetAddr)pfrom->addr) == (CNetAddr)addrFrom)
4425 addrman.Add(addrFrom, addrFrom);
4426 addrman.Good(addrFrom);
4433 BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
4434 item.second.RelayTo(pfrom);
4437 pfrom->fSuccessfullyConnected = true;
4441 remoteAddr = ", peeraddr=" + pfrom->addr.ToString();
4443 LogPrintf("receive version message: %s: version %d, blocks=%d, us=%s, peer=%d%s\n",
4444 pfrom->cleanSubVer, pfrom->nVersion,
4445 pfrom->nStartingHeight, addrMe.ToString(), pfrom->id,
4448 int64_t nTimeOffset = nTime - GetTime();
4449 pfrom->nTimeOffset = nTimeOffset;
4450 AddTimeData(pfrom->addr, nTimeOffset);
4454 else if (pfrom->nVersion == 0)
4456 // Must have a version message before anything else
4457 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 1);
4462 else if (strCommand == "verack")
4464 pfrom->SetRecvVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
4466 // Mark this node as currently connected, so we update its timestamp later.
4467 if (pfrom->fNetworkNode) {
4469 State(pfrom->GetId())->fCurrentlyConnected = true;
4474 else if (strCommand == "addr")
4476 vector<CAddress> vAddr;
4479 if (vAddr.size() > 1000)
4481 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
4482 return error("message addr size() = %u", vAddr.size());
4485 // Store the new addresses
4486 vector<CAddress> vAddrOk;
4487 int64_t nNow = GetAdjustedTime();
4488 int64_t nSince = nNow - 10 * 60;
4489 BOOST_FOREACH(CAddress& addr, vAddr)
4491 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
4493 if (addr.nTime <= 100000000 || addr.nTime > nNow + 10 * 60)
4494 addr.nTime = nNow - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60;
4495 pfrom->AddAddressKnown(addr);
4496 bool fReachable = IsReachable(addr);
4497 if (addr.nTime > nSince && !pfrom->fGetAddr && vAddr.size() <= 10 && addr.IsRoutable())
4499 // Relay to a limited number of other nodes
4502 // Use deterministic randomness to send to the same nodes for 24 hours
4503 // at a time so the addrKnowns of the chosen nodes prevent repeats
4504 static uint256 hashSalt;
4505 if (hashSalt.IsNull())
4506 hashSalt = GetRandHash();
4507 uint64_t hashAddr = addr.GetHash();
4508 uint256 hashRand = ArithToUint256(UintToArith256(hashSalt) ^ (hashAddr<<32) ^ ((GetTime()+hashAddr)/(24*60*60)));
4509 hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
4510 multimap<uint256, CNode*> mapMix;
4511 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
4513 unsigned int nPointer;
4514 memcpy(&nPointer, &pnode, sizeof(nPointer));
4515 uint256 hashKey = ArithToUint256(UintToArith256(hashRand) ^ nPointer);
4516 hashKey = Hash(BEGIN(hashKey), END(hashKey));
4517 mapMix.insert(make_pair(hashKey, pnode));
4519 int nRelayNodes = fReachable ? 2 : 1; // limited relaying of addresses outside our network(s)
4520 for (multimap<uint256, CNode*>::iterator mi = mapMix.begin(); mi != mapMix.end() && nRelayNodes-- > 0; ++mi)
4521 ((*mi).second)->PushAddress(addr);
4524 // Do not store addresses outside our network
4526 vAddrOk.push_back(addr);
4528 addrman.Add(vAddrOk, pfrom->addr, 2 * 60 * 60);
4529 if (vAddr.size() < 1000)
4530 pfrom->fGetAddr = false;
4531 if (pfrom->fOneShot)
4532 pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
4536 else if (strCommand == "inv")
4540 if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
4542 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
4543 return error("message inv size() = %u", vInv.size());
4548 std::vector<CInv> vToFetch;
4550 for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++)
4552 const CInv &inv = vInv[nInv];
4554 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
4555 pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
4557 bool fAlreadyHave = AlreadyHave(inv);
4558 LogPrint("net", "got inv: %s %s peer=%d\n", inv.ToString(), fAlreadyHave ? "have" : "new", pfrom->id);
4560 if (!fAlreadyHave && !fImporting && !fReindex && inv.type != MSG_BLOCK)
4563 if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK) {
4564 UpdateBlockAvailability(pfrom->GetId(), inv.hash);
4565 if (!fAlreadyHave && !fImporting && !fReindex && !mapBlocksInFlight.count(inv.hash)) {
4566 // First request the headers preceding the announced block. In the normal fully-synced
4567 // case where a new block is announced that succeeds the current tip (no reorganization),
4568 // there are no such headers.
4569 // Secondly, and only when we are close to being synced, we request the announced block directly,
4570 // to avoid an extra round-trip. Note that we must *first* ask for the headers, so by the
4571 // time the block arrives, the header chain leading up to it is already validated. Not
4572 // doing this will result in the received block being rejected as an orphan in case it is
4573 // not a direct successor.
4574 pfrom->PushMessage("getheaders", chainActive.GetLocator(pindexBestHeader), inv.hash);
4575 CNodeState *nodestate = State(pfrom->GetId());
4576 if (chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockTime() > GetAdjustedTime() - chainparams.GetConsensus().nPowTargetSpacing * 20 &&
4577 nodestate->nBlocksInFlight < MAX_BLOCKS_IN_TRANSIT_PER_PEER) {
4578 vToFetch.push_back(inv);
4579 // Mark block as in flight already, even though the actual "getdata" message only goes out
4580 // later (within the same cs_main lock, though).
4581 MarkBlockAsInFlight(pfrom->GetId(), inv.hash, chainparams.GetConsensus());
4583 LogPrint("net", "getheaders (%d) %s to peer=%d\n", pindexBestHeader->nHeight, inv.hash.ToString(), pfrom->id);
4587 // Track requests for our stuff
4588 GetMainSignals().Inventory(inv.hash);
4590 if (pfrom->nSendSize > (SendBufferSize() * 2)) {
4591 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 50);
4592 return error("send buffer size() = %u", pfrom->nSendSize);
4596 if (!vToFetch.empty())
4597 pfrom->PushMessage("getdata", vToFetch);
4601 else if (strCommand == "getdata")
4605 if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
4607 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
4608 return error("message getdata size() = %u", vInv.size());
4611 if (fDebug || (vInv.size() != 1))
4612 LogPrint("net", "received getdata (%u invsz) peer=%d\n", vInv.size(), pfrom->id);
4614 if ((fDebug && vInv.size() > 0) || (vInv.size() == 1))
4615 LogPrint("net", "received getdata for: %s peer=%d\n", vInv[0].ToString(), pfrom->id);
4617 pfrom->vRecvGetData.insert(pfrom->vRecvGetData.end(), vInv.begin(), vInv.end());
4618 ProcessGetData(pfrom);
4622 else if (strCommand == "getblocks")
4624 CBlockLocator locator;
4626 vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;
4630 // Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
4631 CBlockIndex* pindex = FindForkInGlobalIndex(chainActive, locator);
4633 // Send the rest of the chain
4635 pindex = chainActive.Next(pindex);
4637 LogPrint("net", "getblocks %d to %s limit %d from peer=%d\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), hashStop.IsNull() ? "end" : hashStop.ToString(), nLimit, pfrom->id);
4638 for (; pindex; pindex = chainActive.Next(pindex))
4640 if (pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
4642 LogPrint("net", " getblocks stopping at %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
4645 pfrom->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, pindex->GetBlockHash()));
4648 // When this block is requested, we'll send an inv that'll
4649 // trigger the peer to getblocks the next batch of inventory.
4650 LogPrint("net", " getblocks stopping at limit %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString());
4651 pfrom->hashContinue = pindex->GetBlockHash();
4658 else if (strCommand == "getheaders")
4660 CBlockLocator locator;
4662 vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;
4666 if (IsInitialBlockDownload())
4669 CBlockIndex* pindex = NULL;
4670 if (locator.IsNull())
4672 // If locator is null, return the hashStop block
4673 BlockMap::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashStop);
4674 if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
4676 pindex = (*mi).second;
4680 // Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
4681 pindex = FindForkInGlobalIndex(chainActive, locator);
4683 pindex = chainActive.Next(pindex);
4686 // we must use CBlocks, as CBlockHeaders won't include the 0x00 nTx count at the end
4687 vector<CBlock> vHeaders;
4688 int nLimit = MAX_HEADERS_RESULTS;
4689 LogPrint("net", "getheaders %d to %s from peer=%d\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), hashStop.ToString(), pfrom->id);
4690 for (; pindex; pindex = chainActive.Next(pindex))
4692 vHeaders.push_back(pindex->GetBlockHeader());
4693 if (--nLimit <= 0 || pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
4696 pfrom->PushMessage("headers", vHeaders);
4700 else if (strCommand == "tx")
4702 vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
4703 vector<uint256> vEraseQueue;
4707 CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
4708 pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
4712 bool fMissingInputs = false;
4713 CValidationState state;
4715 pfrom->setAskFor.erase(inv.hash);
4716 mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
4718 if (!AlreadyHave(inv) && AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, state, tx, true, &fMissingInputs))
4720 mempool.check(pcoinsTip);
4721 RelayTransaction(tx);
4722 vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
4724 LogPrint("mempool", "AcceptToMemoryPool: peer=%d %s: accepted %s (poolsz %u)\n",
4725 pfrom->id, pfrom->cleanSubVer,
4726 tx.GetHash().ToString(),
4727 mempool.mapTx.size());
4729 // Recursively process any orphan transactions that depended on this one
4730 set<NodeId> setMisbehaving;
4731 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
4733 map<uint256, set<uint256> >::iterator itByPrev = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.find(vWorkQueue[i]);
4734 if (itByPrev == mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.end())
4736 for (set<uint256>::iterator mi = itByPrev->second.begin();
4737 mi != itByPrev->second.end();
4740 const uint256& orphanHash = *mi;
4741 const CTransaction& orphanTx = mapOrphanTransactions[orphanHash].tx;
4742 NodeId fromPeer = mapOrphanTransactions[orphanHash].fromPeer;
4743 bool fMissingInputs2 = false;
4744 // Use a dummy CValidationState so someone can't setup nodes to counter-DoS based on orphan
4745 // resolution (that is, feeding people an invalid transaction based on LegitTxX in order to get
4746 // anyone relaying LegitTxX banned)
4747 CValidationState stateDummy;
4750 if (setMisbehaving.count(fromPeer))
4752 if (AcceptToMemoryPool(mempool, stateDummy, orphanTx, true, &fMissingInputs2))
4754 LogPrint("mempool", " accepted orphan tx %s\n", orphanHash.ToString());
4755 RelayTransaction(orphanTx);
4756 vWorkQueue.push_back(orphanHash);
4757 vEraseQueue.push_back(orphanHash);
4759 else if (!fMissingInputs2)
4762 if (stateDummy.IsInvalid(nDos) && nDos > 0)
4764 // Punish peer that gave us an invalid orphan tx
4765 Misbehaving(fromPeer, nDos);
4766 setMisbehaving.insert(fromPeer);
4767 LogPrint("mempool", " invalid orphan tx %s\n", orphanHash.ToString());
4769 // Has inputs but not accepted to mempool
4770 // Probably non-standard or insufficient fee/priority
4771 LogPrint("mempool", " removed orphan tx %s\n", orphanHash.ToString());
4772 vEraseQueue.push_back(orphanHash);
4773 assert(recentRejects);
4774 recentRejects->insert(orphanHash);
4776 mempool.check(pcoinsTip);
4780 BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, vEraseQueue)
4781 EraseOrphanTx(hash);
4783 // TODO: currently, prohibit joinsplits from entering mapOrphans
4784 else if (fMissingInputs && tx.vjoinsplit.size() == 0)
4786 AddOrphanTx(tx, pfrom->GetId());
4788 // DoS prevention: do not allow mapOrphanTransactions to grow unbounded
4789 unsigned int nMaxOrphanTx = (unsigned int)std::max((int64_t)0, GetArg("-maxorphantx", DEFAULT_MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS));
4790 unsigned int nEvicted = LimitOrphanTxSize(nMaxOrphanTx);
4792 LogPrint("mempool", "mapOrphan overflow, removed %u tx\n", nEvicted);
4794 assert(recentRejects);
4795 recentRejects->insert(tx.GetHash());
4797 if (pfrom->fWhitelisted) {
4798 // Always relay transactions received from whitelisted peers, even
4799 // if they were already in the mempool or rejected from it due
4800 // to policy, allowing the node to function as a gateway for
4801 // nodes hidden behind it.
4803 // Never relay transactions that we would assign a non-zero DoS
4804 // score for, as we expect peers to do the same with us in that
4807 if (!state.IsInvalid(nDoS) || nDoS == 0) {
4808 LogPrintf("Force relaying tx %s from whitelisted peer=%d\n", tx.GetHash().ToString(), pfrom->id);
4809 RelayTransaction(tx);
4811 LogPrintf("Not relaying invalid transaction %s from whitelisted peer=%d (%s (code %d))\n",
4812 tx.GetHash().ToString(), pfrom->id, state.GetRejectReason(), state.GetRejectCode());
4817 if (state.IsInvalid(nDoS))
4819 LogPrint("mempool", "%s from peer=%d %s was not accepted into the memory pool: %s\n", tx.GetHash().ToString(),
4820 pfrom->id, pfrom->cleanSubVer,
4821 state.GetRejectReason());
4822 pfrom->PushMessage("reject", strCommand, state.GetRejectCode(),
4823 state.GetRejectReason().substr(0, MAX_REJECT_MESSAGE_LENGTH), inv.hash);
4825 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), nDoS);
4830 else if (strCommand == "headers" && !fImporting && !fReindex) // Ignore headers received while importing
4832 std::vector<CBlockHeader> headers;
4834 // Bypass the normal CBlock deserialization, as we don't want to risk deserializing 2000 full blocks.
4835 unsigned int nCount = ReadCompactSize(vRecv);
4836 if (nCount > MAX_HEADERS_RESULTS) {
4837 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
4838 return error("headers message size = %u", nCount);
4840 headers.resize(nCount);
4841 for (unsigned int n = 0; n < nCount; n++) {
4842 vRecv >> headers[n];
4843 ReadCompactSize(vRecv); // ignore tx count; assume it is 0.
4849 // Nothing interesting. Stop asking this peers for more headers.
4853 CBlockIndex *pindexLast = NULL;
4854 BOOST_FOREACH(const CBlockHeader& header, headers) {
4855 CValidationState state;
4856 if (pindexLast != NULL && header.hashPrevBlock != pindexLast->GetBlockHash()) {
4857 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 20);
4858 return error("non-continuous headers sequence");
4860 if (!AcceptBlockHeader(header, state, &pindexLast)) {
4862 if (state.IsInvalid(nDoS)) {
4864 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), nDoS);
4865 return error("invalid header received");
4871 UpdateBlockAvailability(pfrom->GetId(), pindexLast->GetBlockHash());
4873 if (nCount == MAX_HEADERS_RESULTS && pindexLast) {
4874 // Headers message had its maximum size; the peer may have more headers.
4875 // TODO: optimize: if pindexLast is an ancestor of chainActive.Tip or pindexBestHeader, continue
4876 // from there instead.
4877 LogPrint("net", "more getheaders (%d) to end to peer=%d (startheight:%d)\n", pindexLast->nHeight, pfrom->id, pfrom->nStartingHeight);
4878 pfrom->PushMessage("getheaders", chainActive.GetLocator(pindexLast), uint256());
4884 else if (strCommand == "block" && !fImporting && !fReindex) // Ignore blocks received while importing
4889 CInv inv(MSG_BLOCK, block.GetHash());
4890 LogPrint("net", "received block %s peer=%d\n", inv.hash.ToString(), pfrom->id);
4892 pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
4894 CValidationState state;
4895 // Process all blocks from whitelisted peers, even if not requested,
4896 // unless we're still syncing with the network.
4897 // Such an unrequested block may still be processed, subject to the
4898 // conditions in AcceptBlock().
4899 bool forceProcessing = pfrom->fWhitelisted && !IsInitialBlockDownload();
4900 ProcessNewBlock(state, pfrom, &block, forceProcessing, NULL);
4902 if (state.IsInvalid(nDoS)) {
4903 pfrom->PushMessage("reject", strCommand, state.GetRejectCode(),
4904 state.GetRejectReason().substr(0, MAX_REJECT_MESSAGE_LENGTH), inv.hash);
4907 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), nDoS);
4914 // This asymmetric behavior for inbound and outbound connections was introduced
4915 // to prevent a fingerprinting attack: an attacker can send specific fake addresses
4916 // to users' AddrMan and later request them by sending getaddr messages.
4917 // Making nodes which are behind NAT and can only make outgoing connections ignore
4918 // the getaddr message mitigates the attack.
4919 else if ((strCommand == "getaddr") && (pfrom->fInbound))
4921 // Only send one GetAddr response per connection to reduce resource waste
4922 // and discourage addr stamping of INV announcements.
4923 if (pfrom->fSentAddr) {
4924 LogPrint("net", "Ignoring repeated \"getaddr\". peer=%d\n", pfrom->id);
4927 pfrom->fSentAddr = true;
4929 pfrom->vAddrToSend.clear();
4930 vector<CAddress> vAddr = addrman.GetAddr();
4931 BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress &addr, vAddr)
4932 pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
4936 else if (strCommand == "mempool")
4938 LOCK2(cs_main, pfrom->cs_filter);
4940 std::vector<uint256> vtxid;
4941 mempool.queryHashes(vtxid);
4943 BOOST_FOREACH(uint256& hash, vtxid) {
4944 CInv inv(MSG_TX, hash);
4946 bool fInMemPool = mempool.lookup(hash, tx);
4947 if (!fInMemPool) continue; // another thread removed since queryHashes, maybe...
4948 if ((pfrom->pfilter && pfrom->pfilter->IsRelevantAndUpdate(tx)) ||
4950 vInv.push_back(inv);
4951 if (vInv.size() == MAX_INV_SZ) {
4952 pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
4956 if (vInv.size() > 0)
4957 pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
4961 else if (strCommand == "ping")
4965 // Echo the message back with the nonce. This allows for two useful features:
4967 // 1) A remote node can quickly check if the connection is operational
4968 // 2) Remote nodes can measure the latency of the network thread. If this node
4969 // is overloaded it won't respond to pings quickly and the remote node can
4970 // avoid sending us more work, like chain download requests.
4972 // The nonce stops the remote getting confused between different pings: without
4973 // it, if the remote node sends a ping once per second and this node takes 5
4974 // seconds to respond to each, the 5th ping the remote sends would appear to
4975 // return very quickly.
4976 pfrom->PushMessage("pong", nonce);
4980 else if (strCommand == "pong")
4982 int64_t pingUsecEnd = nTimeReceived;
4984 size_t nAvail = vRecv.in_avail();
4985 bool bPingFinished = false;
4986 std::string sProblem;
4988 if (nAvail >= sizeof(nonce)) {
4991 // Only process pong message if there is an outstanding ping (old ping without nonce should never pong)
4992 if (pfrom->nPingNonceSent != 0) {
4993 if (nonce == pfrom->nPingNonceSent) {
4994 // Matching pong received, this ping is no longer outstanding
4995 bPingFinished = true;
4996 int64_t pingUsecTime = pingUsecEnd - pfrom->nPingUsecStart;
4997 if (pingUsecTime > 0) {
4998 // Successful ping time measurement, replace previous
4999 pfrom->nPingUsecTime = pingUsecTime;
5000 pfrom->nMinPingUsecTime = std::min(pfrom->nMinPingUsecTime, pingUsecTime);
5002 // This should never happen
5003 sProblem = "Timing mishap";
5006 // Nonce mismatches are normal when pings are overlapping
5007 sProblem = "Nonce mismatch";
5009 // This is most likely a bug in another implementation somewhere; cancel this ping
5010 bPingFinished = true;
5011 sProblem = "Nonce zero";
5015 sProblem = "Unsolicited pong without ping";
5018 // This is most likely a bug in another implementation somewhere; cancel this ping
5019 bPingFinished = true;
5020 sProblem = "Short payload";
5023 if (!(sProblem.empty())) {
5024 LogPrint("net", "pong peer=%d %s: %s, %x expected, %x received, %u bytes\n",
5028 pfrom->nPingNonceSent,
5032 if (bPingFinished) {
5033 pfrom->nPingNonceSent = 0;
5038 else if (fAlerts && strCommand == "alert")
5043 uint256 alertHash = alert.GetHash();
5044 if (pfrom->setKnown.count(alertHash) == 0)
5046 if (alert.ProcessAlert(Params().AlertKey()))
5049 pfrom->setKnown.insert(alertHash);
5052 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
5053 alert.RelayTo(pnode);
5057 // Small DoS penalty so peers that send us lots of
5058 // duplicate/expired/invalid-signature/whatever alerts
5059 // eventually get banned.
5060 // This isn't a Misbehaving(100) (immediate ban) because the
5061 // peer might be an older or different implementation with
5062 // a different signature key, etc.
5063 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 10);
5069 else if (strCommand == "filterload")
5071 CBloomFilter filter;
5074 if (!filter.IsWithinSizeConstraints())
5075 // There is no excuse for sending a too-large filter
5076 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 100);
5079 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
5080 delete pfrom->pfilter;
5081 pfrom->pfilter = new CBloomFilter(filter);
5082 pfrom->pfilter->UpdateEmptyFull();
5084 pfrom->fRelayTxes = true;
5088 else if (strCommand == "filteradd")
5090 vector<unsigned char> vData;
5093 // Nodes must NEVER send a data item > 520 bytes (the max size for a script data object,
5094 // and thus, the maximum size any matched object can have) in a filteradd message
5095 if (vData.size() > MAX_SCRIPT_ELEMENT_SIZE)
5097 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 100);
5099 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
5101 pfrom->pfilter->insert(vData);
5103 Misbehaving(pfrom->GetId(), 100);
5108 else if (strCommand == "filterclear")
5110 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
5111 delete pfrom->pfilter;
5112 pfrom->pfilter = new CBloomFilter();
5113 pfrom->fRelayTxes = true;
5117 else if (strCommand == "reject")
5121 string strMsg; unsigned char ccode; string strReason;
5122 vRecv >> LIMITED_STRING(strMsg, CMessageHeader::COMMAND_SIZE) >> ccode >> LIMITED_STRING(strReason, MAX_REJECT_MESSAGE_LENGTH);
5125 ss << strMsg << " code " << itostr(ccode) << ": " << strReason;
5127 if (strMsg == "block" || strMsg == "tx")
5131 ss << ": hash " << hash.ToString();
5133 LogPrint("net", "Reject %s\n", SanitizeString(ss.str()));
5134 } catch (const std::ios_base::failure&) {
5135 // Avoid feedback loops by preventing reject messages from triggering a new reject message.
5136 LogPrint("net", "Unparseable reject message received\n");
5141 else if (strCommand == "notfound") {
5142 // We do not care about the NOTFOUND message, but logging an Unknown Command
5143 // message would be undesirable as we transmit it ourselves.
5147 // Ignore unknown commands for extensibility
5148 LogPrint("net", "Unknown command \"%s\" from peer=%d\n", SanitizeString(strCommand), pfrom->id);
5156 // requires LOCK(cs_vRecvMsg)
5157 bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom)
5160 // LogPrintf("%s(%u messages)\n", __func__, pfrom->vRecvMsg.size());
5164 // (4) message start
5172 if (!pfrom->vRecvGetData.empty())
5173 ProcessGetData(pfrom);
5175 // this maintains the order of responses
5176 if (!pfrom->vRecvGetData.empty()) return fOk;
5178 std::deque<CNetMessage>::iterator it = pfrom->vRecvMsg.begin();
5179 while (!pfrom->fDisconnect && it != pfrom->vRecvMsg.end()) {
5180 // Don't bother if send buffer is too full to respond anyway
5181 if (pfrom->nSendSize >= SendBufferSize())
5185 CNetMessage& msg = *it;
5188 // LogPrintf("%s(message %u msgsz, %u bytes, complete:%s)\n", __func__,
5189 // msg.hdr.nMessageSize, msg.vRecv.size(),
5190 // msg.complete() ? "Y" : "N");
5192 // end, if an incomplete message is found
5193 if (!msg.complete())
5196 // at this point, any failure means we can delete the current message
5199 // Scan for message start
5200 if (memcmp(msg.hdr.pchMessageStart, Params().MessageStart(), MESSAGE_START_SIZE) != 0) {
5201 LogPrintf("PROCESSMESSAGE: INVALID MESSAGESTART %s peer=%d\n", SanitizeString(msg.hdr.GetCommand()), pfrom->id);
5207 CMessageHeader& hdr = msg.hdr;
5208 if (!hdr.IsValid(Params().MessageStart()))
5210 LogPrintf("PROCESSMESSAGE: ERRORS IN HEADER %s peer=%d\n", SanitizeString(hdr.GetCommand()), pfrom->id);
5213 string strCommand = hdr.GetCommand();
5216 unsigned int nMessageSize = hdr.nMessageSize;
5219 CDataStream& vRecv = msg.vRecv;
5220 uint256 hash = Hash(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nMessageSize);
5221 unsigned int nChecksum = ReadLE32((unsigned char*)&hash);
5222 if (nChecksum != hdr.nChecksum)
5224 LogPrintf("%s(%s, %u bytes): CHECKSUM ERROR nChecksum=%08x hdr.nChecksum=%08x\n", __func__,
5225 SanitizeString(strCommand), nMessageSize, nChecksum, hdr.nChecksum);
5233 fRet = ProcessMessage(pfrom, strCommand, vRecv, msg.nTime);
5234 boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
5236 catch (const std::ios_base::failure& e)
5238 pfrom->PushMessage("reject", strCommand, REJECT_MALFORMED, string("error parsing message"));
5239 if (strstr(e.what(), "end of data"))
5241 // Allow exceptions from under-length message on vRecv
5242 LogPrintf("%s(%s, %u bytes): Exception '%s' caught, normally caused by a message being shorter than its stated length\n", __func__, SanitizeString(strCommand), nMessageSize, e.what());
5244 else if (strstr(e.what(), "size too large"))
5246 // Allow exceptions from over-long size
5247 LogPrintf("%s(%s, %u bytes): Exception '%s' caught\n", __func__, SanitizeString(strCommand), nMessageSize, e.what());
5251 PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
5254 catch (const boost::thread_interrupted&) {
5257 catch (const std::exception& e) {
5258 PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
5260 PrintExceptionContinue(NULL, "ProcessMessages()");
5264 LogPrintf("%s(%s, %u bytes) FAILED peer=%d\n", __func__, SanitizeString(strCommand), nMessageSize, pfrom->id);
5269 // In case the connection got shut down, its receive buffer was wiped
5270 if (!pfrom->fDisconnect)
5271 pfrom->vRecvMsg.erase(pfrom->vRecvMsg.begin(), it);
5277 bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
5279 const Consensus::Params& consensusParams = Params().GetConsensus();
5281 // Don't send anything until we get its version message
5282 if (pto->nVersion == 0)
5288 bool pingSend = false;
5289 if (pto->fPingQueued) {
5290 // RPC ping request by user
5293 if (pto->nPingNonceSent == 0 && pto->nPingUsecStart + PING_INTERVAL * 1000000 < GetTimeMicros()) {
5294 // Ping automatically sent as a latency probe & keepalive.
5299 while (nonce == 0) {
5300 GetRandBytes((unsigned char*)&nonce, sizeof(nonce));
5302 pto->fPingQueued = false;
5303 pto->nPingUsecStart = GetTimeMicros();
5304 pto->nPingNonceSent = nonce;
5305 pto->PushMessage("ping", nonce);
5308 TRY_LOCK(cs_main, lockMain); // Acquire cs_main for IsInitialBlockDownload() and CNodeState()
5312 // Address refresh broadcast
5313 static int64_t nLastRebroadcast;
5314 if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && (GetTime() - nLastRebroadcast > 24 * 60 * 60))
5317 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
5319 // Periodically clear addrKnown to allow refresh broadcasts
5320 if (nLastRebroadcast)
5321 pnode->addrKnown.reset();
5323 // Rebroadcast our address
5324 AdvertizeLocal(pnode);
5326 if (!vNodes.empty())
5327 nLastRebroadcast = GetTime();
5335 vector<CAddress> vAddr;
5336 vAddr.reserve(pto->vAddrToSend.size());
5337 BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress& addr, pto->vAddrToSend)
5339 if (!pto->addrKnown.contains(addr.GetKey()))
5341 pto->addrKnown.insert(addr.GetKey());
5342 vAddr.push_back(addr);
5343 // receiver rejects addr messages larger than 1000
5344 if (vAddr.size() >= 1000)
5346 pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
5351 pto->vAddrToSend.clear();
5353 pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
5356 CNodeState &state = *State(pto->GetId());
5357 if (state.fShouldBan) {
5358 if (pto->fWhitelisted)
5359 LogPrintf("Warning: not punishing whitelisted peer %s!\n", pto->addr.ToString());
5361 pto->fDisconnect = true;
5362 if (pto->addr.IsLocal())
5363 LogPrintf("Warning: not banning local peer %s!\n", pto->addr.ToString());
5366 CNode::Ban(pto->addr);
5369 state.fShouldBan = false;
5372 BOOST_FOREACH(const CBlockReject& reject, state.rejects)
5373 pto->PushMessage("reject", (string)"block", reject.chRejectCode, reject.strRejectReason, reject.hashBlock);
5374 state.rejects.clear();
5377 if (pindexBestHeader == NULL)
5378 pindexBestHeader = chainActive.Tip();
5379 bool fFetch = state.fPreferredDownload || (nPreferredDownload == 0 && !pto->fClient && !pto->fOneShot); // Download if this is a nice peer, or we have no nice peers and this one might do.
5380 if (!state.fSyncStarted && !pto->fClient && !fImporting && !fReindex) {
5381 // Only actively request headers from a single peer, unless we're close to today.
5382 if ((nSyncStarted == 0 && fFetch) || pindexBestHeader->GetBlockTime() > GetAdjustedTime() - 24 * 60 * 60) {
5383 state.fSyncStarted = true;
5385 CBlockIndex *pindexStart = pindexBestHeader->pprev ? pindexBestHeader->pprev : pindexBestHeader;
5386 LogPrint("net", "initial getheaders (%d) to peer=%d (startheight:%d)\n", pindexStart->nHeight, pto->id, pto->nStartingHeight);
5387 pto->PushMessage("getheaders", chainActive.GetLocator(pindexStart), uint256());
5391 // Resend wallet transactions that haven't gotten in a block yet
5392 // Except during reindex, importing and IBD, when old wallet
5393 // transactions become unconfirmed and spams other nodes.
5394 if (!fReindex && !fImporting && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
5396 GetMainSignals().Broadcast(nTimeBestReceived);
5400 // Message: inventory
5403 vector<CInv> vInvWait;
5405 LOCK(pto->cs_inventory);
5406 vInv.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
5407 vInvWait.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
5408 BOOST_FOREACH(const CInv& inv, pto->vInventoryToSend)
5410 if (pto->setInventoryKnown.count(inv))
5413 // trickle out tx inv to protect privacy
5414 if (inv.type == MSG_TX && !fSendTrickle)
5416 // 1/4 of tx invs blast to all immediately
5417 static uint256 hashSalt;
5418 if (hashSalt.IsNull())
5419 hashSalt = GetRandHash();
5420 uint256 hashRand = ArithToUint256(UintToArith256(inv.hash) ^ UintToArith256(hashSalt));
5421 hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
5422 bool fTrickleWait = ((UintToArith256(hashRand) & 3) != 0);
5426 vInvWait.push_back(inv);
5431 // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
5432 if (pto->setInventoryKnown.insert(inv).second)
5434 vInv.push_back(inv);
5435 if (vInv.size() >= 1000)
5437 pto->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
5442 pto->vInventoryToSend = vInvWait;
5445 pto->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
5447 // Detect whether we're stalling
5448 int64_t nNow = GetTimeMicros();
5449 if (!pto->fDisconnect && state.nStallingSince && state.nStallingSince < nNow - 1000000 * BLOCK_STALLING_TIMEOUT) {
5450 // Stalling only triggers when the block download window cannot move. During normal steady state,
5451 // the download window should be much larger than the to-be-downloaded set of blocks, so disconnection
5452 // should only happen during initial block download.
5453 LogPrintf("Peer=%d is stalling block download, disconnecting\n", pto->id);
5454 pto->fDisconnect = true;
5456 // In case there is a block that has been in flight from this peer for (2 + 0.5 * N) times the block interval
5457 // (with N the number of validated blocks that were in flight at the time it was requested), disconnect due to
5458 // timeout. We compensate for in-flight blocks to prevent killing off peers due to our own downstream link
5459 // being saturated. We only count validated in-flight blocks so peers can't advertise non-existing block hashes
5460 // to unreasonably increase our timeout.
5461 // We also compare the block download timeout originally calculated against the time at which we'd disconnect
5462 // if we assumed the block were being requested now (ignoring blocks we've requested from this peer, since we're
5463 // only looking at this peer's oldest request). This way a large queue in the past doesn't result in a
5464 // permanently large window for this block to be delivered (ie if the number of blocks in flight is decreasing
5465 // more quickly than once every 5 minutes, then we'll shorten the download window for this block).
5466 if (!pto->fDisconnect && state.vBlocksInFlight.size() > 0) {
5467 QueuedBlock &queuedBlock = state.vBlocksInFlight.front();
5468 int64_t nTimeoutIfRequestedNow = GetBlockTimeout(nNow, nQueuedValidatedHeaders - state.nBlocksInFlightValidHeaders, consensusParams);
5469 if (queuedBlock.nTimeDisconnect > nTimeoutIfRequestedNow) {
5470 LogPrint("net", "Reducing block download timeout for peer=%d block=%s, orig=%d new=%d\n", pto->id, queuedBlock.hash.ToString(), queuedBlock.nTimeDisconnect, nTimeoutIfRequestedNow);
5471 queuedBlock.nTimeDisconnect = nTimeoutIfRequestedNow;
5473 if (queuedBlock.nTimeDisconnect < nNow) {
5474 LogPrintf("Timeout downloading block %s from peer=%d, disconnecting\n", queuedBlock.hash.ToString(), pto->id);
5475 pto->fDisconnect = true;
5480 // Message: getdata (blocks)
5482 vector<CInv> vGetData;
5483 if (!pto->fDisconnect && !pto->fClient && (fFetch || !IsInitialBlockDownload()) && state.nBlocksInFlight < MAX_BLOCKS_IN_TRANSIT_PER_PEER) {
5484 vector<CBlockIndex*> vToDownload;
5485 NodeId staller = -1;
5486 FindNextBlocksToDownload(pto->GetId(), MAX_BLOCKS_IN_TRANSIT_PER_PEER - state.nBlocksInFlight, vToDownload, staller);
5487 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex *pindex, vToDownload) {
5488 vGetData.push_back(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, pindex->GetBlockHash()));
5489 MarkBlockAsInFlight(pto->GetId(), pindex->GetBlockHash(), consensusParams, pindex);
5490 LogPrint("net", "Requesting block %s (%d) peer=%d\n", pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString(),
5491 pindex->nHeight, pto->id);
5493 if (state.nBlocksInFlight == 0 && staller != -1) {
5494 if (State(staller)->nStallingSince == 0) {
5495 State(staller)->nStallingSince = nNow;
5496 LogPrint("net", "Stall started peer=%d\n", staller);
5502 // Message: getdata (non-blocks)
5504 while (!pto->fDisconnect && !pto->mapAskFor.empty() && (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).first <= nNow)
5506 const CInv& inv = (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).second;
5507 if (!AlreadyHave(inv))
5510 LogPrint("net", "Requesting %s peer=%d\n", inv.ToString(), pto->id);
5511 vGetData.push_back(inv);
5512 if (vGetData.size() >= 1000)
5514 pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);
5518 //If we're not going to ask, don't expect a response.
5519 pto->setAskFor.erase(inv.hash);
5521 pto->mapAskFor.erase(pto->mapAskFor.begin());
5523 if (!vGetData.empty())
5524 pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);
5530 std::string CBlockFileInfo::ToString() const {
5531 return strprintf("CBlockFileInfo(blocks=%u, size=%u, heights=%u...%u, time=%s...%s)", nBlocks, nSize, nHeightFirst, nHeightLast, DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d", nTimeFirst), DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d", nTimeLast));
5542 BlockMap::iterator it1 = mapBlockIndex.begin();
5543 for (; it1 != mapBlockIndex.end(); it1++)
5544 delete (*it1).second;
5545 mapBlockIndex.clear();
5547 // orphan transactions
5548 mapOrphanTransactions.clear();
5549 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.clear();
5551 } instance_of_cmaincleanup;