1 // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 // Copyright (c) 2009-2012 The Bitcoin developers
3 // Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
4 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
7 #include "checkpoints.h"
12 #include "ui_interface.h"
13 #include "checkqueue.h"
14 #include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
15 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
16 #include <boost/filesystem/fstream.hpp>
19 using namespace boost;
25 CCriticalSection cs_setpwalletRegistered;
26 set<CWallet*> setpwalletRegistered;
28 CCriticalSection cs_main;
31 unsigned int nTransactionsUpdated = 0;
33 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*> mapBlockIndex;
34 uint256 hashGenesisBlock("0x000000000019d6689c085ae165831e934ff763ae46a2a6c172b3f1b60a8ce26f");
35 static CBigNum bnProofOfWorkLimit(~uint256(0) >> 32);
36 CBlockIndex* pindexGenesisBlock = NULL;
38 CBigNum bnBestChainWork = 0;
39 CBigNum bnBestInvalidWork = 0;
40 uint256 hashBestChain = 0;
41 CBlockIndex* pindexBest = NULL;
42 set<CBlockIndex*, CBlockIndexWorkComparator> setBlockIndexValid; // may contain all CBlockIndex*'s that have validness >=BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS, and must contain those who aren't failed
43 int64 nTimeBestReceived = 0;
44 int nScriptCheckThreads = 0;
45 bool fImporting = false;
46 bool fReindex = false;
47 bool fBenchmark = false;
48 bool fTxIndex = false;
49 unsigned int nCoinCacheSize = 5000;
51 CMedianFilter<int> cPeerBlockCounts(8, 0); // Amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have
53 map<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocks;
54 multimap<uint256, CBlock*> mapOrphanBlocksByPrev;
56 map<uint256, CDataStream*> mapOrphanTransactions;
57 map<uint256, map<uint256, CDataStream*> > mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev;
59 // Constant stuff for coinbase transactions we create:
60 CScript COINBASE_FLAGS;
62 const string strMessageMagic = "Bitcoin Signed Message:\n";
68 int64 nTransactionFee = 0;
72 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
74 // dispatching functions
77 // These functions dispatch to one or all registered wallets
80 void RegisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)
83 LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
84 setpwalletRegistered.insert(pwalletIn);
88 void UnregisterWallet(CWallet* pwalletIn)
91 LOCK(cs_setpwalletRegistered);
92 setpwalletRegistered.erase(pwalletIn);
96 // get the wallet transaction with the given hash (if it exists)
97 bool static GetTransaction(const uint256& hashTx, CWalletTx& wtx)
99 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
100 if (pwallet->GetTransaction(hashTx,wtx))
105 // erases transaction with the given hash from all wallets
106 void static EraseFromWallets(uint256 hash)
108 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
109 pwallet->EraseFromWallet(hash);
112 // make sure all wallets know about the given transaction, in the given block
113 void SyncWithWallets(const uint256 &hash, const CTransaction& tx, const CBlock* pblock, bool fUpdate)
115 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
116 pwallet->AddToWalletIfInvolvingMe(hash, tx, pblock, fUpdate);
119 // notify wallets about a new best chain
120 void static SetBestChain(const CBlockLocator& loc)
122 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
123 pwallet->SetBestChain(loc);
126 // notify wallets about an updated transaction
127 void static UpdatedTransaction(const uint256& hashTx)
129 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
130 pwallet->UpdatedTransaction(hashTx);
134 void static PrintWallets(const CBlock& block)
136 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
137 pwallet->PrintWallet(block);
140 // notify wallets about an incoming inventory (for request counts)
141 void static Inventory(const uint256& hash)
143 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
144 pwallet->Inventory(hash);
147 // ask wallets to resend their transactions
148 void static ResendWalletTransactions()
150 BOOST_FOREACH(CWallet* pwallet, setpwalletRegistered)
151 pwallet->ResendWalletTransactions();
160 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
162 // CCoinsView implementations
165 bool CCoinsView::GetCoins(uint256 txid, CCoins &coins) { return false; }
166 bool CCoinsView::SetCoins(uint256 txid, const CCoins &coins) { return false; }
167 bool CCoinsView::HaveCoins(uint256 txid) { return false; }
168 CBlockIndex *CCoinsView::GetBestBlock() { return NULL; }
169 bool CCoinsView::SetBestBlock(CBlockIndex *pindex) { return false; }
170 bool CCoinsView::BatchWrite(const std::map<uint256, CCoins> &mapCoins, CBlockIndex *pindex) { return false; }
171 bool CCoinsView::GetStats(CCoinsStats &stats) { return false; }
174 CCoinsViewBacked::CCoinsViewBacked(CCoinsView &viewIn) : base(&viewIn) { }
175 bool CCoinsViewBacked::GetCoins(uint256 txid, CCoins &coins) { return base->GetCoins(txid, coins); }
176 bool CCoinsViewBacked::SetCoins(uint256 txid, const CCoins &coins) { return base->SetCoins(txid, coins); }
177 bool CCoinsViewBacked::HaveCoins(uint256 txid) { return base->HaveCoins(txid); }
178 CBlockIndex *CCoinsViewBacked::GetBestBlock() { return base->GetBestBlock(); }
179 bool CCoinsViewBacked::SetBestBlock(CBlockIndex *pindex) { return base->SetBestBlock(pindex); }
180 void CCoinsViewBacked::SetBackend(CCoinsView &viewIn) { base = &viewIn; }
181 bool CCoinsViewBacked::BatchWrite(const std::map<uint256, CCoins> &mapCoins, CBlockIndex *pindex) { return base->BatchWrite(mapCoins, pindex); }
182 bool CCoinsViewBacked::GetStats(CCoinsStats &stats) { return base->GetStats(stats); }
184 CCoinsViewCache::CCoinsViewCache(CCoinsView &baseIn, bool fDummy) : CCoinsViewBacked(baseIn), pindexTip(NULL) { }
186 bool CCoinsViewCache::GetCoins(uint256 txid, CCoins &coins) {
187 if (cacheCoins.count(txid)) {
188 coins = cacheCoins[txid];
191 if (base->GetCoins(txid, coins)) {
192 cacheCoins[txid] = coins;
198 std::map<uint256,CCoins>::iterator CCoinsViewCache::FetchCoins(uint256 txid) {
199 std::map<uint256,CCoins>::iterator it = cacheCoins.find(txid);
200 if (it != cacheCoins.end())
203 if (!base->GetCoins(txid,tmp))
205 std::pair<std::map<uint256,CCoins>::iterator,bool> ret = cacheCoins.insert(std::make_pair(txid, tmp));
209 CCoins &CCoinsViewCache::GetCoins(uint256 txid) {
210 std::map<uint256,CCoins>::iterator it = FetchCoins(txid);
211 assert(it != cacheCoins.end());
215 bool CCoinsViewCache::SetCoins(uint256 txid, const CCoins &coins) {
216 cacheCoins[txid] = coins;
220 bool CCoinsViewCache::HaveCoins(uint256 txid) {
221 return FetchCoins(txid) != cacheCoins.end();
224 CBlockIndex *CCoinsViewCache::GetBestBlock() {
225 if (pindexTip == NULL)
226 pindexTip = base->GetBestBlock();
230 bool CCoinsViewCache::SetBestBlock(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
235 bool CCoinsViewCache::BatchWrite(const std::map<uint256, CCoins> &mapCoins, CBlockIndex *pindex) {
236 for (std::map<uint256, CCoins>::const_iterator it = mapCoins.begin(); it != mapCoins.end(); it++)
237 cacheCoins[it->first] = it->second;
242 bool CCoinsViewCache::Flush() {
243 bool fOk = base->BatchWrite(cacheCoins, pindexTip);
249 unsigned int CCoinsViewCache::GetCacheSize() {
250 return cacheCoins.size();
253 /** CCoinsView that brings transactions from a memorypool into view.
254 It does not check for spendings by memory pool transactions. */
255 CCoinsViewMemPool::CCoinsViewMemPool(CCoinsView &baseIn, CTxMemPool &mempoolIn) : CCoinsViewBacked(baseIn), mempool(mempoolIn) { }
257 bool CCoinsViewMemPool::GetCoins(uint256 txid, CCoins &coins) {
258 if (base->GetCoins(txid, coins))
260 if (mempool.exists(txid)) {
261 const CTransaction &tx = mempool.lookup(txid);
262 coins = CCoins(tx, MEMPOOL_HEIGHT);
268 bool CCoinsViewMemPool::HaveCoins(uint256 txid) {
269 return mempool.exists(txid) || base->HaveCoins(txid);
272 CCoinsViewCache *pcoinsTip = NULL;
273 CBlockTreeDB *pblocktree = NULL;
275 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
277 // mapOrphanTransactions
280 bool AddOrphanTx(const CDataStream& vMsg)
283 CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
284 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
285 if (mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
288 CDataStream* pvMsg = new CDataStream(vMsg);
290 // Ignore big transactions, to avoid a
291 // send-big-orphans memory exhaustion attack. If a peer has a legitimate
292 // large transaction with a missing parent then we assume
293 // it will rebroadcast it later, after the parent transaction(s)
294 // have been mined or received.
295 // 10,000 orphans, each of which is at most 5,000 bytes big is
296 // at most 500 megabytes of orphans:
297 if (pvMsg->size() > 5000)
299 printf("ignoring large orphan tx (size: %"PRIszu", hash: %s)\n", pvMsg->size(), hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
304 mapOrphanTransactions[hash] = pvMsg;
305 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
306 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].insert(make_pair(hash, pvMsg));
308 printf("stored orphan tx %s (mapsz %"PRIszu")\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),
309 mapOrphanTransactions.size());
313 void static EraseOrphanTx(uint256 hash)
315 if (!mapOrphanTransactions.count(hash))
317 const CDataStream* pvMsg = mapOrphanTransactions[hash];
319 CDataStream(*pvMsg) >> tx;
320 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
322 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].erase(hash);
323 if (mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[txin.prevout.hash].empty())
324 mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev.erase(txin.prevout.hash);
327 mapOrphanTransactions.erase(hash);
330 unsigned int LimitOrphanTxSize(unsigned int nMaxOrphans)
332 unsigned int nEvicted = 0;
333 while (mapOrphanTransactions.size() > nMaxOrphans)
335 // Evict a random orphan:
336 uint256 randomhash = GetRandHash();
337 map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator it = mapOrphanTransactions.lower_bound(randomhash);
338 if (it == mapOrphanTransactions.end())
339 it = mapOrphanTransactions.begin();
340 EraseOrphanTx(it->first);
352 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
357 bool CTransaction::IsStandard() const
359 if (nVersion > CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION)
365 // Extremely large transactions with lots of inputs can cost the network
366 // almost as much to process as they cost the sender in fees, because
367 // computing signature hashes is O(ninputs*txsize). Limiting transactions
368 // to MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE mitigates CPU exhaustion attacks.
369 unsigned int sz = this->GetSerializeSize(SER_NETWORK, CTransaction::CURRENT_VERSION);
370 if (sz >= MAX_STANDARD_TX_SIZE)
373 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
375 // Biggest 'standard' txin is a 3-signature 3-of-3 CHECKMULTISIG
376 // pay-to-script-hash, which is 3 ~80-byte signatures, 3
377 // ~65-byte public keys, plus a few script ops.
378 if (txin.scriptSig.size() > 500)
380 if (!txin.scriptSig.IsPushOnly())
383 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout) {
384 if (!::IsStandard(txout.scriptPubKey))
386 if (txout.nValue == 0)
393 // Check transaction inputs, and make sure any
394 // pay-to-script-hash transactions are evaluating IsStandard scripts
396 // Why bother? To avoid denial-of-service attacks; an attacker
397 // can submit a standard HASH... OP_EQUAL transaction,
398 // which will get accepted into blocks. The redemption
399 // script can be anything; an attacker could use a very
400 // expensive-to-check-upon-redemption script like:
401 // DUP CHECKSIG DROP ... repeated 100 times... OP_1
403 bool CTransaction::AreInputsStandard(CCoinsViewCache& mapInputs) const
406 return true; // Coinbases don't use vin normally
408 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
410 const CTxOut& prev = GetOutputFor(vin[i], mapInputs);
412 vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions;
413 txnouttype whichType;
414 // get the scriptPubKey corresponding to this input:
415 const CScript& prevScript = prev.scriptPubKey;
416 if (!Solver(prevScript, whichType, vSolutions))
418 int nArgsExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType, vSolutions);
419 if (nArgsExpected < 0)
422 // Transactions with extra stuff in their scriptSigs are
423 // non-standard. Note that this EvalScript() call will
424 // be quick, because if there are any operations
425 // beside "push data" in the scriptSig the
426 // IsStandard() call returns false
427 vector<vector<unsigned char> > stack;
428 if (!EvalScript(stack, vin[i].scriptSig, *this, i, false, 0))
431 if (whichType == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
435 CScript subscript(stack.back().begin(), stack.back().end());
436 vector<vector<unsigned char> > vSolutions2;
437 txnouttype whichType2;
438 if (!Solver(subscript, whichType2, vSolutions2))
440 if (whichType2 == TX_SCRIPTHASH)
444 tmpExpected = ScriptSigArgsExpected(whichType2, vSolutions2);
447 nArgsExpected += tmpExpected;
450 if (stack.size() != (unsigned int)nArgsExpected)
457 unsigned int CTransaction::GetLegacySigOpCount() const
459 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
460 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
462 nSigOps += txin.scriptSig.GetSigOpCount(false);
464 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)
466 nSigOps += txout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(false);
472 int CMerkleTx::SetMerkleBranch(const CBlock* pblock)
476 if (pblock == NULL) {
478 if (pcoinsTip->GetCoins(GetHash(), coins)) {
479 CBlockIndex *pindex = FindBlockByHeight(coins.nHeight);
481 if (!blockTmp.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
489 // Update the tx's hashBlock
490 hashBlock = pblock->GetHash();
492 // Locate the transaction
493 for (nIndex = 0; nIndex < (int)pblock->vtx.size(); nIndex++)
494 if (pblock->vtx[nIndex] == *(CTransaction*)this)
496 if (nIndex == (int)pblock->vtx.size())
498 vMerkleBranch.clear();
500 printf("ERROR: SetMerkleBranch() : couldn't find tx in block\n");
504 // Fill in merkle branch
505 vMerkleBranch = pblock->GetMerkleBranch(nIndex);
508 // Is the tx in a block that's in the main chain
509 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
510 if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
512 CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
513 if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
516 return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
525 bool CTransaction::CheckTransaction(CValidationState &state) const
527 // Basic checks that don't depend on any context
529 return state.DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : vin empty"));
531 return state.DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : vout empty"));
533 if (::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
534 return state.DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : size limits failed"));
536 // Check for negative or overflow output values
538 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)
540 if (txout.nValue < 0)
541 return state.DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue negative"));
542 if (txout.nValue > MAX_MONEY)
543 return state.DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout.nValue too high"));
544 nValueOut += txout.nValue;
545 if (!MoneyRange(nValueOut))
546 return state.DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : txout total out of range"));
549 // Check for duplicate inputs
550 set<COutPoint> vInOutPoints;
551 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
553 if (vInOutPoints.count(txin.prevout))
554 return state.DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : duplicate inputs"));
555 vInOutPoints.insert(txin.prevout);
560 if (vin[0].scriptSig.size() < 2 || vin[0].scriptSig.size() > 100)
561 return state.DoS(100, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : coinbase script size"));
565 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, vin)
566 if (txin.prevout.IsNull())
567 return state.DoS(10, error("CTransaction::CheckTransaction() : prevout is null"));
573 int64 CTransaction::GetMinFee(unsigned int nBlockSize, bool fAllowFree,
574 enum GetMinFee_mode mode) const
576 // Base fee is either MIN_TX_FEE or MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE
577 int64 nBaseFee = (mode == GMF_RELAY) ? MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE : MIN_TX_FEE;
579 unsigned int nBytes = ::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
580 unsigned int nNewBlockSize = nBlockSize + nBytes;
581 int64 nMinFee = (1 + (int64)nBytes / 1000) * nBaseFee;
587 // Transactions under 10K are free
588 // (about 4500 BTC if made of 50 BTC inputs)
594 // Free transaction area
595 if (nNewBlockSize < 27000)
600 // To limit dust spam, require MIN_TX_FEE/MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE if any output is less than 0.01
601 if (nMinFee < nBaseFee)
603 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxOut& txout, vout)
604 if (txout.nValue < CENT)
608 // Raise the price as the block approaches full
609 if (nBlockSize != 1 && nNewBlockSize >= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN/2)
611 if (nNewBlockSize >= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN)
613 nMinFee *= MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN / (MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN - nNewBlockSize);
616 if (!MoneyRange(nMinFee))
621 void CTxMemPool::pruneSpent(const uint256 &hashTx, CCoins &coins)
625 std::map<COutPoint, CInPoint>::iterator it = mapNextTx.lower_bound(COutPoint(hashTx, 0));
627 // iterate over all COutPoints in mapNextTx whose hash equals the provided hashTx
628 while (it != mapNextTx.end() && it->first.hash == hashTx) {
629 coins.Spend(it->first.n); // and remove those outputs from coins
634 bool CTxMemPool::accept(CValidationState &state, CTransaction &tx, bool fCheckInputs, bool fLimitFree,
635 bool* pfMissingInputs)
638 *pfMissingInputs = false;
640 if (!tx.CheckTransaction(state))
641 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : CheckTransaction failed");
643 // Coinbase is only valid in a block, not as a loose transaction
645 return state.DoS(100, error("CTxMemPool::accept() : coinbase as individual tx"));
647 // To help v0.1.5 clients who would see it as a negative number
648 if ((int64)tx.nLockTime > std::numeric_limits<int>::max())
649 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not accepting nLockTime beyond 2038 yet");
651 // Rather not work on nonstandard transactions (unless -testnet)
652 if (!fTestNet && !tx.IsStandard())
653 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : nonstandard transaction type");
655 // is it already in the memory pool?
656 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
659 if (mapTx.count(hash))
663 // Check for conflicts with in-memory transactions
664 CTransaction* ptxOld = NULL;
665 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
667 COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;
668 if (mapNextTx.count(outpoint))
670 // Disable replacement feature for now
673 // Allow replacing with a newer version of the same transaction
676 ptxOld = mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx;
677 if (ptxOld->IsFinal())
679 if (!tx.IsNewerThan(*ptxOld))
681 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
683 COutPoint outpoint = tx.vin[i].prevout;
684 if (!mapNextTx.count(outpoint) || mapNextTx[outpoint].ptx != ptxOld)
694 CCoinsViewCache view(dummy);
698 CCoinsViewMemPool viewMemPool(*pcoinsTip, *this);
699 view.SetBackend(viewMemPool);
701 // do we already have it?
702 if (view.HaveCoins(hash))
705 // do all inputs exist?
706 // Note that this does not check for the presence of actual outputs (see the next check for that),
707 // only helps filling in pfMissingInputs (to determine missing vs spent).
708 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn txin, tx.vin) {
709 if (!view.HaveCoins(txin.prevout.hash)) {
711 *pfMissingInputs = true;
716 // are the actual inputs available?
717 if (!tx.HaveInputs(view))
718 return state.Invalid(error("CTxMemPool::accept() : inputs already spent"));
720 // Bring the best block into scope
723 // we have all inputs cached now, so switch back to dummy, so we don't need to keep lock on mempool
724 view.SetBackend(dummy);
727 // Check for non-standard pay-to-script-hash in inputs
728 if (!tx.AreInputsStandard(view) && !fTestNet)
729 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : nonstandard transaction input");
731 // Note: if you modify this code to accept non-standard transactions, then
732 // you should add code here to check that the transaction does a
733 // reasonable number of ECDSA signature verifications.
735 int64 nFees = tx.GetValueIn(view)-tx.GetValueOut();
736 unsigned int nSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
738 // Don't accept it if it can't get into a block
739 int64 txMinFee = tx.GetMinFee(1000, true, GMF_RELAY);
740 if (fLimitFree && nFees < txMinFee)
741 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : not enough fees %s, %"PRI64d" < %"PRI64d,
742 hash.ToString().c_str(),
745 // Continuously rate-limit free transactions
746 // This mitigates 'penny-flooding' -- sending thousands of free transactions just to
747 // be annoying or make others' transactions take longer to confirm.
748 if (fLimitFree && nFees < MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE)
750 static double dFreeCount;
751 static int64 nLastTime;
752 int64 nNow = GetTime();
756 // Use an exponentially decaying ~10-minute window:
757 dFreeCount *= pow(1.0 - 1.0/600.0, (double)(nNow - nLastTime));
759 // -limitfreerelay unit is thousand-bytes-per-minute
760 // At default rate it would take over a month to fill 1GB
761 if (dFreeCount >= GetArg("-limitfreerelay", 15)*10*1000)
762 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : free transaction rejected by rate limiter");
764 printf("Rate limit dFreeCount: %g => %g\n", dFreeCount, dFreeCount+nSize);
768 // Check against previous transactions
769 // This is done last to help prevent CPU exhaustion denial-of-service attacks.
770 if (!tx.CheckInputs(state, view, true, SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH))
772 return error("CTxMemPool::accept() : ConnectInputs failed %s", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
776 // Store transaction in memory
781 printf("CTxMemPool::accept() : replacing tx %s with new version\n", ptxOld->GetHash().ToString().c_str());
784 addUnchecked(hash, tx);
787 ///// are we sure this is ok when loading transactions or restoring block txes
788 // If updated, erase old tx from wallet
790 EraseFromWallets(ptxOld->GetHash());
791 SyncWithWallets(hash, tx, NULL, true);
793 printf("CTxMemPool::accept() : accepted %s (poolsz %"PRIszu")\n",
794 hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(),
799 bool CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(CValidationState &state, bool fCheckInputs, bool fLimitFree, bool* pfMissingInputs)
802 return mempool.accept(state, *this, fCheckInputs, fLimitFree, pfMissingInputs);
803 } catch(std::runtime_error &e) {
804 return state.Abort(_("System error: ") + e.what());
808 bool CTxMemPool::addUnchecked(const uint256& hash, CTransaction &tx)
810 // Add to memory pool without checking anything. Don't call this directly,
811 // call CTxMemPool::accept to properly check the transaction first.
814 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vin.size(); i++)
815 mapNextTx[tx.vin[i].prevout] = CInPoint(&mapTx[hash], i);
816 nTransactionsUpdated++;
822 bool CTxMemPool::remove(const CTransaction &tx, bool fRecursive)
824 // Remove transaction from memory pool
827 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
828 if (mapTx.count(hash))
831 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < tx.vout.size(); i++) {
832 std::map<COutPoint, CInPoint>::iterator it = mapNextTx.find(COutPoint(hash, i));
833 if (it != mapNextTx.end())
834 remove(*it->second.ptx, true);
837 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
838 mapNextTx.erase(txin.prevout);
840 nTransactionsUpdated++;
846 bool CTxMemPool::removeConflicts(const CTransaction &tx)
848 // Remove transactions which depend on inputs of tx, recursively
850 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, tx.vin) {
851 std::map<COutPoint, CInPoint>::iterator it = mapNextTx.find(txin.prevout);
852 if (it != mapNextTx.end()) {
853 const CTransaction &txConflict = *it->second.ptx;
854 if (txConflict != tx)
855 remove(txConflict, true);
861 void CTxMemPool::clear()
866 ++nTransactionsUpdated;
869 void CTxMemPool::queryHashes(std::vector<uint256>& vtxid)
874 vtxid.reserve(mapTx.size());
875 for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mapTx.begin(); mi != mapTx.end(); ++mi)
876 vtxid.push_back((*mi).first);
882 int CMerkleTx::GetDepthInMainChain(CBlockIndex* &pindexRet) const
884 if (hashBlock == 0 || nIndex == -1)
887 // Find the block it claims to be in
888 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashBlock);
889 if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
891 CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
892 if (!pindex || !pindex->IsInMainChain())
895 // Make sure the merkle branch connects to this block
896 if (!fMerkleVerified)
898 if (CBlock::CheckMerkleBranch(GetHash(), vMerkleBranch, nIndex) != pindex->hashMerkleRoot)
900 fMerkleVerified = true;
904 return pindexBest->nHeight - pindex->nHeight + 1;
908 int CMerkleTx::GetBlocksToMaturity() const
912 return max(0, (COINBASE_MATURITY+20) - GetDepthInMainChain());
916 bool CMerkleTx::AcceptToMemoryPool(bool fCheckInputs, bool fLimitFree)
918 CValidationState state;
919 return CTransaction::AcceptToMemoryPool(state, fCheckInputs, fLimitFree);
924 bool CWalletTx::AcceptWalletTransaction(bool fCheckInputs)
928 // Add previous supporting transactions first
929 BOOST_FOREACH(CMerkleTx& tx, vtxPrev)
931 if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
933 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
934 if (!mempool.exists(hash) && pcoinsTip->HaveCoins(hash))
935 tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(fCheckInputs, false);
938 return AcceptToMemoryPool(fCheckInputs, false);
944 // Return transaction in tx, and if it was found inside a block, its hash is placed in hashBlock
945 bool GetTransaction(const uint256 &hash, CTransaction &txOut, uint256 &hashBlock, bool fAllowSlow)
947 CBlockIndex *pindexSlow = NULL;
952 if (mempool.exists(hash))
954 txOut = mempool.lookup(hash);
961 if (pblocktree->ReadTxIndex(hash, postx)) {
962 CAutoFile file(OpenBlockFile(postx, true), SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
966 fseek(file, postx.nTxOffset, SEEK_CUR);
968 } catch (std::exception &e) {
969 return error("%s() : deserialize or I/O error", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
971 hashBlock = header.GetHash();
972 if (txOut.GetHash() != hash)
973 return error("%s() : txid mismatch", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
978 if (fAllowSlow) { // use coin database to locate block that contains transaction, and scan it
981 CCoinsViewCache &view = *pcoinsTip;
983 if (view.GetCoins(hash, coins))
984 nHeight = coins.nHeight;
987 pindexSlow = FindBlockByHeight(nHeight);
993 if (block.ReadFromDisk(pindexSlow)) {
994 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction &tx, block.vtx) {
995 if (tx.GetHash() == hash) {
997 hashBlock = pindexSlow->GetBlockHash();
1012 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
1014 // CBlock and CBlockIndex
1017 static CBlockIndex* pblockindexFBBHLast;
1018 CBlockIndex* FindBlockByHeight(int nHeight)
1020 CBlockIndex *pblockindex;
1021 if (nHeight < nBestHeight / 2)
1022 pblockindex = pindexGenesisBlock;
1024 pblockindex = pindexBest;
1025 if (pblockindexFBBHLast && abs(nHeight - pblockindex->nHeight) > abs(nHeight - pblockindexFBBHLast->nHeight))
1026 pblockindex = pblockindexFBBHLast;
1027 while (pblockindex->nHeight > nHeight)
1028 pblockindex = pblockindex->pprev;
1029 while (pblockindex->nHeight < nHeight)
1030 pblockindex = pblockindex->pnext;
1031 pblockindexFBBHLast = pblockindex;
1035 bool CBlock::ReadFromDisk(const CBlockIndex* pindex)
1037 if (!ReadFromDisk(pindex->GetBlockPos()))
1039 if (GetHash() != pindex->GetBlockHash())
1040 return error("CBlock::ReadFromDisk() : GetHash() doesn't match index");
1044 uint256 static GetOrphanRoot(const CBlockHeader* pblock)
1046 // Work back to the first block in the orphan chain
1047 while (mapOrphanBlocks.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
1048 pblock = mapOrphanBlocks[pblock->hashPrevBlock];
1049 return pblock->GetHash();
1052 int64 static GetBlockValue(int nHeight, int64 nFees)
1054 int64 nSubsidy = 50 * COIN;
1056 // Subsidy is cut in half every 210000 blocks, which will occur approximately every 4 years
1057 nSubsidy >>= (nHeight / 210000);
1059 return nSubsidy + nFees;
1062 static const int64 nTargetTimespan = 14 * 24 * 60 * 60; // two weeks
1063 static const int64 nTargetSpacing = 10 * 60;
1064 static const int64 nInterval = nTargetTimespan / nTargetSpacing;
1067 // minimum amount of work that could possibly be required nTime after
1068 // minimum work required was nBase
1070 unsigned int ComputeMinWork(unsigned int nBase, int64 nTime)
1072 // Testnet has min-difficulty blocks
1073 // after nTargetSpacing*2 time between blocks:
1074 if (fTestNet && nTime > nTargetSpacing*2)
1075 return bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact();
1078 bnResult.SetCompact(nBase);
1079 while (nTime > 0 && bnResult < bnProofOfWorkLimit)
1081 // Maximum 400% adjustment...
1083 // ... in best-case exactly 4-times-normal target time
1084 nTime -= nTargetTimespan*4;
1086 if (bnResult > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
1087 bnResult = bnProofOfWorkLimit;
1088 return bnResult.GetCompact();
1091 unsigned int static GetNextWorkRequired(const CBlockIndex* pindexLast, const CBlockHeader *pblock)
1093 unsigned int nProofOfWorkLimit = bnProofOfWorkLimit.GetCompact();
1096 if (pindexLast == NULL)
1097 return nProofOfWorkLimit;
1099 // Only change once per interval
1100 if ((pindexLast->nHeight+1) % nInterval != 0)
1102 // Special difficulty rule for testnet:
1105 // If the new block's timestamp is more than 2* 10 minutes
1106 // then allow mining of a min-difficulty block.
1107 if (pblock->nTime > pindexLast->nTime + nTargetSpacing*2)
1108 return nProofOfWorkLimit;
1111 // Return the last non-special-min-difficulty-rules-block
1112 const CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexLast;
1113 while (pindex->pprev && pindex->nHeight % nInterval != 0 && pindex->nBits == nProofOfWorkLimit)
1114 pindex = pindex->pprev;
1115 return pindex->nBits;
1119 return pindexLast->nBits;
1122 // Go back by what we want to be 14 days worth of blocks
1123 const CBlockIndex* pindexFirst = pindexLast;
1124 for (int i = 0; pindexFirst && i < nInterval-1; i++)
1125 pindexFirst = pindexFirst->pprev;
1126 assert(pindexFirst);
1128 // Limit adjustment step
1129 int64 nActualTimespan = pindexLast->GetBlockTime() - pindexFirst->GetBlockTime();
1130 printf(" nActualTimespan = %"PRI64d" before bounds\n", nActualTimespan);
1131 if (nActualTimespan < nTargetTimespan/4)
1132 nActualTimespan = nTargetTimespan/4;
1133 if (nActualTimespan > nTargetTimespan*4)
1134 nActualTimespan = nTargetTimespan*4;
1138 bnNew.SetCompact(pindexLast->nBits);
1139 bnNew *= nActualTimespan;
1140 bnNew /= nTargetTimespan;
1142 if (bnNew > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
1143 bnNew = bnProofOfWorkLimit;
1146 printf("GetNextWorkRequired RETARGET\n");
1147 printf("nTargetTimespan = %"PRI64d" nActualTimespan = %"PRI64d"\n", nTargetTimespan, nActualTimespan);
1148 printf("Before: %08x %s\n", pindexLast->nBits, CBigNum().SetCompact(pindexLast->nBits).getuint256().ToString().c_str());
1149 printf("After: %08x %s\n", bnNew.GetCompact(), bnNew.getuint256().ToString().c_str());
1151 return bnNew.GetCompact();
1154 bool CheckProofOfWork(uint256 hash, unsigned int nBits)
1157 bnTarget.SetCompact(nBits);
1160 if (bnTarget <= 0 || bnTarget > bnProofOfWorkLimit)
1161 return error("CheckProofOfWork() : nBits below minimum work");
1163 // Check proof of work matches claimed amount
1164 if (hash > bnTarget.getuint256())
1165 return error("CheckProofOfWork() : hash doesn't match nBits");
1170 // Return maximum amount of blocks that other nodes claim to have
1171 int GetNumBlocksOfPeers()
1173 return std::max(cPeerBlockCounts.median(), Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate());
1176 bool IsInitialBlockDownload()
1178 if (pindexBest == NULL || fImporting || fReindex || nBestHeight < Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate())
1180 static int64 nLastUpdate;
1181 static CBlockIndex* pindexLastBest;
1182 if (pindexBest != pindexLastBest)
1184 pindexLastBest = pindexBest;
1185 nLastUpdate = GetTime();
1187 return (GetTime() - nLastUpdate < 10 &&
1188 pindexBest->GetBlockTime() < GetTime() - 24 * 60 * 60);
1191 void static InvalidChainFound(CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
1193 if (pindexNew->bnChainWork > bnBestInvalidWork)
1195 bnBestInvalidWork = pindexNew->bnChainWork;
1196 pblocktree->WriteBestInvalidWork(bnBestInvalidWork);
1197 uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged();
1199 printf("InvalidChainFound: invalid block=%s height=%d work=%s date=%s\n",
1200 BlockHashStr(pindexNew->GetBlockHash()).c_str(), pindexNew->nHeight,
1201 pindexNew->bnChainWork.ToString().c_str(), DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
1202 pindexNew->GetBlockTime()).c_str());
1203 printf("InvalidChainFound: current best=%s height=%d work=%s date=%s\n",
1204 BlockHashStr(hashBestChain).c_str(), nBestHeight, bnBestChainWork.ToString().c_str(),
1205 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()).c_str());
1206 if (pindexBest && bnBestInvalidWork > bnBestChainWork + pindexBest->GetBlockWork() * 6)
1207 printf("InvalidChainFound: Warning: Displayed transactions may not be correct! You may need to upgrade, or other nodes may need to upgrade.\n");
1210 void static InvalidBlockFound(CBlockIndex *pindex) {
1211 pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_VALID;
1212 pblocktree->WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindex));
1213 setBlockIndexValid.erase(pindex);
1214 InvalidChainFound(pindex);
1215 if (pindex->pnext) {
1216 CValidationState stateDummy;
1217 ConnectBestBlock(stateDummy); // reorganise away from the failed block
1221 bool ConnectBestBlock(CValidationState &state) {
1223 CBlockIndex *pindexNewBest;
1226 std::set<CBlockIndex*,CBlockIndexWorkComparator>::reverse_iterator it = setBlockIndexValid.rbegin();
1227 if (it == setBlockIndexValid.rend())
1229 pindexNewBest = *it;
1232 if (pindexNewBest == pindexBest || (pindexBest && pindexNewBest->bnChainWork == pindexBest->bnChainWork))
1233 return true; // nothing to do
1236 CBlockIndex *pindexTest = pindexNewBest;
1237 std::vector<CBlockIndex*> vAttach;
1239 if (pindexTest->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK) {
1240 // mark descendants failed
1241 CBlockIndex *pindexFailed = pindexNewBest;
1242 while (pindexTest != pindexFailed) {
1243 pindexFailed->nStatus |= BLOCK_FAILED_CHILD;
1244 setBlockIndexValid.erase(pindexFailed);
1245 pblocktree->WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindexFailed));
1246 pindexFailed = pindexFailed->pprev;
1248 InvalidChainFound(pindexNewBest);
1252 if (pindexBest == NULL || pindexTest->bnChainWork > pindexBest->bnChainWork)
1253 vAttach.push_back(pindexTest);
1255 if (pindexTest->pprev == NULL || pindexTest->pnext != NULL) {
1256 reverse(vAttach.begin(), vAttach.end());
1257 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex *pindexSwitch, vAttach) {
1258 if (fRequestShutdown)
1261 if (!SetBestChain(state, pindexSwitch))
1263 } catch(std::runtime_error &e) {
1264 return state.Abort(_("System error: ") + e.what());
1269 pindexTest = pindexTest->pprev;
1274 void CBlockHeader::UpdateTime(const CBlockIndex* pindexPrev)
1276 nTime = max(pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast()+1, GetAdjustedTime());
1278 // Updating time can change work required on testnet:
1280 nBits = GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev, this);
1293 const CTxOut &CTransaction::GetOutputFor(const CTxIn& input, CCoinsViewCache& view)
1295 const CCoins &coins = view.GetCoins(input.prevout.hash);
1296 assert(coins.IsAvailable(input.prevout.n));
1297 return coins.vout[input.prevout.n];
1300 int64 CTransaction::GetValueIn(CCoinsViewCache& inputs) const
1306 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
1307 nResult += GetOutputFor(vin[i], inputs).nValue;
1312 unsigned int CTransaction::GetP2SHSigOpCount(CCoinsViewCache& inputs) const
1317 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
1318 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
1320 const CTxOut &prevout = GetOutputFor(vin[i], inputs);
1321 if (prevout.scriptPubKey.IsPayToScriptHash())
1322 nSigOps += prevout.scriptPubKey.GetSigOpCount(vin[i].scriptSig);
1327 bool CTransaction::UpdateCoins(CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, CTxUndo &txundo, int nHeight, const uint256 &txhash) const
1329 // mark inputs spent
1330 if (!IsCoinBase()) {
1331 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn &txin, vin) {
1332 CCoins &coins = inputs.GetCoins(txin.prevout.hash);
1334 assert(coins.Spend(txin.prevout, undo));
1335 txundo.vprevout.push_back(undo);
1340 assert(inputs.SetCoins(txhash, CCoins(*this, nHeight)));
1345 bool CTransaction::HaveInputs(CCoinsViewCache &inputs) const
1347 if (!IsCoinBase()) {
1348 // first check whether information about the prevout hash is available
1349 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++) {
1350 const COutPoint &prevout = vin[i].prevout;
1351 if (!inputs.HaveCoins(prevout.hash))
1355 // then check whether the actual outputs are available
1356 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++) {
1357 const COutPoint &prevout = vin[i].prevout;
1358 const CCoins &coins = inputs.GetCoins(prevout.hash);
1359 if (!coins.IsAvailable(prevout.n))
1366 bool CScriptCheck::operator()() const {
1367 const CScript &scriptSig = ptxTo->vin[nIn].scriptSig;
1368 if (!VerifyScript(scriptSig, scriptPubKey, *ptxTo, nIn, nFlags, nHashType))
1369 return error("CScriptCheck() : %s VerifySignature failed", ptxTo->GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
1373 bool VerifySignature(const CCoins& txFrom, const CTransaction& txTo, unsigned int nIn, unsigned int flags, int nHashType)
1375 return CScriptCheck(txFrom, txTo, nIn, flags, nHashType)();
1378 bool CTransaction::CheckInputs(CValidationState &state, CCoinsViewCache &inputs, bool fScriptChecks, unsigned int flags, std::vector<CScriptCheck> *pvChecks) const
1383 pvChecks->reserve(vin.size());
1385 // This doesn't trigger the DoS code on purpose; if it did, it would make it easier
1386 // for an attacker to attempt to split the network.
1387 if (!HaveInputs(inputs))
1388 return state.Invalid(error("CheckInputs() : %s inputs unavailable", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
1390 // While checking, GetBestBlock() refers to the parent block.
1391 // This is also true for mempool checks.
1392 int nSpendHeight = inputs.GetBestBlock()->nHeight + 1;
1395 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++)
1397 const COutPoint &prevout = vin[i].prevout;
1398 const CCoins &coins = inputs.GetCoins(prevout.hash);
1400 // If prev is coinbase, check that it's matured
1401 if (coins.IsCoinBase()) {
1402 if (nSpendHeight - coins.nHeight < COINBASE_MATURITY)
1403 return state.Invalid(error("CheckInputs() : tried to spend coinbase at depth %d", nSpendHeight - coins.nHeight));
1406 // Check for negative or overflow input values
1407 nValueIn += coins.vout[prevout.n].nValue;
1408 if (!MoneyRange(coins.vout[prevout.n].nValue) || !MoneyRange(nValueIn))
1409 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs() : txin values out of range"));
1413 if (nValueIn < GetValueOut())
1414 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs() : %s value in < value out", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
1416 // Tally transaction fees
1417 int64 nTxFee = nValueIn - GetValueOut();
1419 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs() : %s nTxFee < 0", GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str()));
1421 if (!MoneyRange(nFees))
1422 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckInputs() : nFees out of range"));
1424 // The first loop above does all the inexpensive checks.
1425 // Only if ALL inputs pass do we perform expensive ECDSA signature checks.
1426 // Helps prevent CPU exhaustion attacks.
1428 // Skip ECDSA signature verification when connecting blocks
1429 // before the last block chain checkpoint. This is safe because block merkle hashes are
1430 // still computed and checked, and any change will be caught at the next checkpoint.
1431 if (fScriptChecks) {
1432 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vin.size(); i++) {
1433 const COutPoint &prevout = vin[i].prevout;
1434 const CCoins &coins = inputs.GetCoins(prevout.hash);
1437 CScriptCheck check(coins, *this, i, flags, 0);
1439 pvChecks->push_back(CScriptCheck());
1440 check.swap(pvChecks->back());
1441 } else if (!check())
1442 return state.DoS(100,false);
1453 bool CBlock::DisconnectBlock(CValidationState &state, CBlockIndex *pindex, CCoinsViewCache &view, bool *pfClean)
1455 assert(pindex == view.GetBestBlock());
1462 CBlockUndo blockUndo;
1463 CDiskBlockPos pos = pindex->GetUndoPos();
1465 return error("DisconnectBlock() : no undo data available");
1466 if (!blockUndo.ReadFromDisk(pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash()))
1467 return error("DisconnectBlock() : failure reading undo data");
1469 if (blockUndo.vtxundo.size() + 1 != vtx.size())
1470 return error("DisconnectBlock() : block and undo data inconsistent");
1472 // undo transactions in reverse order
1473 for (int i = vtx.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1474 const CTransaction &tx = vtx[i];
1475 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
1477 // check that all outputs are available
1478 if (!view.HaveCoins(hash)) {
1479 fClean = fClean && error("DisconnectBlock() : outputs still spent? database corrupted");
1480 view.SetCoins(hash, CCoins());
1482 CCoins &outs = view.GetCoins(hash);
1484 CCoins outsBlock = CCoins(tx, pindex->nHeight);
1485 if (outs != outsBlock)
1486 fClean = fClean && error("DisconnectBlock() : added transaction mismatch? database corrupted");
1492 if (i > 0) { // not coinbases
1493 const CTxUndo &txundo = blockUndo.vtxundo[i-1];
1494 if (txundo.vprevout.size() != tx.vin.size())
1495 return error("DisconnectBlock() : transaction and undo data inconsistent");
1496 for (unsigned int j = tx.vin.size(); j-- > 0;) {
1497 const COutPoint &out = tx.vin[j].prevout;
1498 const CTxInUndo &undo = txundo.vprevout[j];
1500 view.GetCoins(out.hash, coins); // this can fail if the prevout was already entirely spent
1501 if (undo.nHeight != 0) {
1502 // undo data contains height: this is the last output of the prevout tx being spent
1503 if (!coins.IsPruned())
1504 fClean = fClean && error("DisconnectBlock() : undo data overwriting existing transaction");
1506 coins.fCoinBase = undo.fCoinBase;
1507 coins.nHeight = undo.nHeight;
1508 coins.nVersion = undo.nVersion;
1510 if (coins.IsPruned())
1511 fClean = fClean && error("DisconnectBlock() : undo data adding output to missing transaction");
1513 if (coins.IsAvailable(out.n))
1514 fClean = fClean && error("DisconnectBlock() : undo data overwriting existing output");
1515 if (coins.vout.size() < out.n+1)
1516 coins.vout.resize(out.n+1);
1517 coins.vout[out.n] = undo.txout;
1518 if (!view.SetCoins(out.hash, coins))
1519 return error("DisconnectBlock() : cannot restore coin inputs");
1524 // move best block pointer to prevout block
1525 view.SetBestBlock(pindex->pprev);
1535 void static FlushBlockFile()
1537 LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
1539 CDiskBlockPos posOld(nLastBlockFile, 0);
1541 FILE *fileOld = OpenBlockFile(posOld);
1543 FileCommit(fileOld);
1547 fileOld = OpenUndoFile(posOld);
1549 FileCommit(fileOld);
1554 bool FindUndoPos(CValidationState &state, int nFile, CDiskBlockPos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize);
1556 static CCheckQueue<CScriptCheck> scriptcheckqueue(128);
1558 void ThreadScriptCheck(void*) {
1559 vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_SCRIPTCHECK]++;
1560 RenameThread("bitcoin-scriptch");
1561 scriptcheckqueue.Thread();
1562 vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_SCRIPTCHECK]--;
1565 void ThreadScriptCheckQuit() {
1566 scriptcheckqueue.Quit();
1569 bool CBlock::ConnectBlock(CValidationState &state, CBlockIndex* pindex, CCoinsViewCache &view, bool fJustCheck)
1571 // Check it again in case a previous version let a bad block in
1572 if (!CheckBlock(state, !fJustCheck, !fJustCheck))
1575 // verify that the view's current state corresponds to the previous block
1576 assert(pindex->pprev == view.GetBestBlock());
1578 // Special case for the genesis block, skipping connection of its transactions
1579 // (its coinbase is unspendable)
1580 if (GetHash() == hashGenesisBlock) {
1581 view.SetBestBlock(pindex);
1582 pindexGenesisBlock = pindex;
1586 bool fScriptChecks = pindex->nHeight >= Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate();
1588 // Do not allow blocks that contain transactions which 'overwrite' older transactions,
1589 // unless those are already completely spent.
1590 // If such overwrites are allowed, coinbases and transactions depending upon those
1591 // can be duplicated to remove the ability to spend the first instance -- even after
1592 // being sent to another address.
1593 // See BIP30 and http://r6.ca/blog/20120206T005236Z.html for more information.
1594 // This logic is not necessary for memory pool transactions, as AcceptToMemoryPool
1595 // already refuses previously-known transaction ids entirely.
1596 // This rule was originally applied all blocks whose timestamp was after March 15, 2012, 0:00 UTC.
1597 // Now that the whole chain is irreversibly beyond that time it is applied to all blocks except the
1598 // two in the chain that violate it. This prevents exploiting the issue against nodes in their
1599 // initial block download.
1600 bool fEnforceBIP30 = (!pindex->phashBlock) || // Enforce on CreateNewBlock invocations which don't have a hash.
1601 !((pindex->nHeight==91842 && pindex->GetBlockHash() == uint256("0x00000000000a4d0a398161ffc163c503763b1f4360639393e0e4c8e300e0caec")) ||
1602 (pindex->nHeight==91880 && pindex->GetBlockHash() == uint256("0x00000000000743f190a18c5577a3c2d2a1f610ae9601ac046a38084ccb7cd721")));
1603 if (fEnforceBIP30) {
1604 for (unsigned int i=0; i<vtx.size(); i++) {
1605 uint256 hash = GetTxHash(i);
1606 if (view.HaveCoins(hash) && !view.GetCoins(hash).IsPruned())
1607 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : tried to overwrite transaction"));
1611 // BIP16 didn't become active until Apr 1 2012
1612 int64 nBIP16SwitchTime = 1333238400;
1613 bool fStrictPayToScriptHash = (pindex->nTime >= nBIP16SwitchTime);
1615 unsigned int flags = SCRIPT_VERIFY_NOCACHE |
1616 (fStrictPayToScriptHash ? SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH : SCRIPT_VERIFY_NONE);
1618 CBlockUndo blockundo;
1620 CCheckQueueControl<CScriptCheck> control(fScriptChecks && nScriptCheckThreads ? &scriptcheckqueue : NULL);
1622 int64 nStart = GetTimeMicros();
1625 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
1626 CDiskTxPos pos(pindex->GetBlockPos(), GetSizeOfCompactSize(vtx.size()));
1627 std::vector<std::pair<uint256, CDiskTxPos> > vPos;
1628 vPos.reserve(vtx.size());
1629 for (unsigned int i=0; i<vtx.size(); i++)
1631 const CTransaction &tx = vtx[i];
1633 nInputs += tx.vin.size();
1634 nSigOps += tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
1635 if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
1636 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : too many sigops"));
1638 if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
1640 if (!tx.HaveInputs(view))
1641 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : inputs missing/spent"));
1643 if (fStrictPayToScriptHash)
1645 // Add in sigops done by pay-to-script-hash inputs;
1646 // this is to prevent a "rogue miner" from creating
1647 // an incredibly-expensive-to-validate block.
1648 nSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(view);
1649 if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
1650 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : too many sigops"));
1653 nFees += tx.GetValueIn(view)-tx.GetValueOut();
1655 std::vector<CScriptCheck> vChecks;
1656 if (!tx.CheckInputs(state, view, fScriptChecks, flags, nScriptCheckThreads ? &vChecks : NULL))
1658 control.Add(vChecks);
1662 if (!tx.UpdateCoins(state, view, txundo, pindex->nHeight, GetTxHash(i)))
1663 return error("ConnectBlock() : UpdateInputs failed");
1664 if (!tx.IsCoinBase())
1665 blockundo.vtxundo.push_back(txundo);
1667 vPos.push_back(std::make_pair(GetTxHash(i), pos));
1668 pos.nTxOffset += ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
1670 int64 nTime = GetTimeMicros() - nStart;
1672 printf("- Connect %u transactions: %.2fms (%.3fms/tx, %.3fms/txin)\n", (unsigned)vtx.size(), 0.001 * nTime, 0.001 * nTime / vtx.size(), nInputs <= 1 ? 0 : 0.001 * nTime / (nInputs-1));
1674 if (vtx[0].GetValueOut() > GetBlockValue(pindex->nHeight, nFees))
1675 return state.DoS(100, error("ConnectBlock() : coinbase pays too much (actual=%"PRI64d" vs limit=%"PRI64d")", vtx[0].GetValueOut(), GetBlockValue(pindex->nHeight, nFees)));
1677 if (!control.Wait())
1678 return state.DoS(100, false);
1679 int64 nTime2 = GetTimeMicros() - nStart;
1681 printf("- Verify %u txins: %.2fms (%.3fms/txin)\n", nInputs - 1, 0.001 * nTime2, nInputs <= 1 ? 0 : 0.001 * nTime2 / (nInputs-1));
1686 // Write undo information to disk
1687 if (pindex->GetUndoPos().IsNull() || (pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) < BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS)
1689 if (pindex->GetUndoPos().IsNull()) {
1691 if (!FindUndoPos(state, pindex->nFile, pos, ::GetSerializeSize(blockundo, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION) + 40))
1692 return error("ConnectBlock() : FindUndoPos failed");
1693 if (!blockundo.WriteToDisk(pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash()))
1694 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write undo data"));
1696 // update nUndoPos in block index
1697 pindex->nUndoPos = pos.nPos;
1698 pindex->nStatus |= BLOCK_HAVE_UNDO;
1701 pindex->nStatus = (pindex->nStatus & ~BLOCK_VALID_MASK) | BLOCK_VALID_SCRIPTS;
1703 CDiskBlockIndex blockindex(pindex);
1704 if (!pblocktree->WriteBlockIndex(blockindex))
1705 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write block index"));
1709 if (!pblocktree->WriteTxIndex(vPos))
1710 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write transaction index"));
1712 // add this block to the view's block chain
1713 assert(view.SetBestBlock(pindex));
1715 // Watch for transactions paying to me
1716 for (unsigned int i=0; i<vtx.size(); i++)
1717 SyncWithWallets(GetTxHash(i), vtx[i], this, true);
1722 bool SetBestChain(CValidationState &state, CBlockIndex* pindexNew)
1724 // All modifications to the coin state will be done in this cache.
1725 // Only when all have succeeded, we push it to pcoinsTip.
1726 CCoinsViewCache view(*pcoinsTip, true);
1728 // Find the fork (typically, there is none)
1729 CBlockIndex* pfork = view.GetBestBlock();
1730 CBlockIndex* plonger = pindexNew;
1731 while (pfork && pfork != plonger)
1733 while (plonger->nHeight > pfork->nHeight) {
1734 plonger = plonger->pprev;
1735 assert(plonger != NULL);
1737 if (pfork == plonger)
1739 pfork = pfork->pprev;
1740 assert(pfork != NULL);
1743 // List of what to disconnect (typically nothing)
1744 vector<CBlockIndex*> vDisconnect;
1745 for (CBlockIndex* pindex = view.GetBestBlock(); pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
1746 vDisconnect.push_back(pindex);
1748 // List of what to connect (typically only pindexNew)
1749 vector<CBlockIndex*> vConnect;
1750 for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexNew; pindex != pfork; pindex = pindex->pprev)
1751 vConnect.push_back(pindex);
1752 reverse(vConnect.begin(), vConnect.end());
1754 if (vDisconnect.size() > 0) {
1755 printf("REORGANIZE: Disconnect %"PRIszu" blocks; %s..%s\n", vDisconnect.size(), BlockHashStr(pfork->GetBlockHash()).c_str(), BlockHashStr(pindexBest->GetBlockHash()).c_str());
1756 printf("REORGANIZE: Connect %"PRIszu" blocks; %s..%s\n", vConnect.size(), BlockHashStr(pfork->GetBlockHash()).c_str(), BlockHashStr(pindexNew->GetBlockHash()).c_str());
1759 // Disconnect shorter branch
1760 vector<CTransaction> vResurrect;
1761 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect) {
1763 if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
1764 return state.Abort(_("Failed to read block"));
1765 int64 nStart = GetTimeMicros();
1766 if (!block.DisconnectBlock(state, pindex, view))
1767 return error("SetBestBlock() : DisconnectBlock %s failed", BlockHashStr(pindex->GetBlockHash()).c_str());
1769 printf("- Disconnect: %.2fms\n", (GetTimeMicros() - nStart) * 0.001);
1771 // Queue memory transactions to resurrect.
1772 // We only do this for blocks after the last checkpoint (reorganisation before that
1773 // point should only happen with -reindex/-loadblock, or a misbehaving peer.
1774 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
1775 if (!tx.IsCoinBase() && pindex->nHeight > Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate())
1776 vResurrect.push_back(tx);
1779 // Connect longer branch
1780 vector<CTransaction> vDelete;
1781 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex *pindex, vConnect) {
1783 if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
1784 return state.Abort(_("Failed to read block"));
1785 int64 nStart = GetTimeMicros();
1786 if (!block.ConnectBlock(state, pindex, view)) {
1787 if (state.IsInvalid()) {
1788 InvalidChainFound(pindexNew);
1789 InvalidBlockFound(pindex);
1791 return error("SetBestBlock() : ConnectBlock %s failed", BlockHashStr(pindex->GetBlockHash()).c_str());
1794 printf("- Connect: %.2fms\n", (GetTimeMicros() - nStart) * 0.001);
1796 // Queue memory transactions to delete
1797 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, block.vtx)
1798 vDelete.push_back(tx);
1801 // Flush changes to global coin state
1802 int64 nStart = GetTimeMicros();
1803 int nModified = view.GetCacheSize();
1804 assert(view.Flush());
1805 int64 nTime = GetTimeMicros() - nStart;
1807 printf("- Flush %i transactions: %.2fms (%.4fms/tx)\n", nModified, 0.001 * nTime, 0.001 * nTime / nModified);
1809 // Make sure it's successfully written to disk before changing memory structure
1810 bool fIsInitialDownload = IsInitialBlockDownload();
1811 if (!fIsInitialDownload || pcoinsTip->GetCacheSize() > nCoinCacheSize) {
1812 // Typical CCoins structures on disk are around 100 bytes in size.
1813 // Pushing a new one to the database can cause it to be written
1814 // twice (once in the log, and once in the tables). This is already
1815 // an overestimation, as most will delete an existing entry or
1816 // overwrite one. Still, use a conservative safety factor of 2.
1817 if (!CheckDiskSpace(100 * 2 * 2 * pcoinsTip->GetCacheSize()))
1818 return state.Error();
1821 if (!pcoinsTip->Flush())
1822 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write to coin database"));
1825 // At this point, all changes have been done to the database.
1826 // Proceed by updating the memory structures.
1828 // Disconnect shorter branch
1829 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vDisconnect)
1831 pindex->pprev->pnext = NULL;
1833 // Connect longer branch
1834 BOOST_FOREACH(CBlockIndex* pindex, vConnect)
1836 pindex->pprev->pnext = pindex;
1838 // Resurrect memory transactions that were in the disconnected branch
1839 BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vResurrect) {
1840 // ignore validation errors in resurrected transactions
1841 CValidationState stateDummy;
1842 tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(stateDummy, true, false);
1845 // Delete redundant memory transactions that are in the connected branch
1846 BOOST_FOREACH(CTransaction& tx, vDelete) {
1848 mempool.removeConflicts(tx);
1851 // Update best block in wallet (so we can detect restored wallets)
1852 if (!fIsInitialDownload)
1854 const CBlockLocator locator(pindexNew);
1855 ::SetBestChain(locator);
1859 hashBestChain = pindexNew->GetBlockHash();
1860 pindexBest = pindexNew;
1861 pblockindexFBBHLast = NULL;
1862 nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
1863 bnBestChainWork = pindexNew->bnChainWork;
1864 nTimeBestReceived = GetTime();
1865 nTransactionsUpdated++;
1866 printf("SetBestChain: new best=%s height=%d work=%s tx=%lu date=%s\n",
1867 BlockHashStr(hashBestChain).c_str(), nBestHeight, bnBestChainWork.ToString().c_str(), (unsigned long)pindexNew->nChainTx,
1868 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()).c_str());
1870 // Check the version of the last 100 blocks to see if we need to upgrade:
1871 if (!fIsInitialDownload)
1874 const CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest;
1875 for (int i = 0; i < 100 && pindex != NULL; i++)
1877 if (pindex->nVersion > CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION)
1879 pindex = pindex->pprev;
1882 printf("SetBestChain: %d of last 100 blocks above version %d\n", nUpgraded, CBlock::CURRENT_VERSION);
1883 if (nUpgraded > 100/2)
1884 // strMiscWarning is read by GetWarnings(), called by Qt and the JSON-RPC code to warn the user:
1885 strMiscWarning = _("Warning: This version is obsolete, upgrade required!");
1888 std::string strCmd = GetArg("-blocknotify", "");
1890 if (!fIsInitialDownload && !strCmd.empty())
1892 boost::replace_all(strCmd, "%s", hashBestChain.GetHex());
1893 boost::thread t(runCommand, strCmd); // thread runs free
1900 bool CBlock::AddToBlockIndex(CValidationState &state, const CDiskBlockPos &pos)
1902 // Check for duplicate
1903 uint256 hash = GetHash();
1904 if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
1905 return state.Invalid(error("AddToBlockIndex() : %s already exists", BlockHashStr(hash).c_str()));
1907 // Construct new block index object
1908 CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex(*this);
1910 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
1911 pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
1912 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator miPrev = mapBlockIndex.find(hashPrevBlock);
1913 if (miPrev != mapBlockIndex.end())
1915 pindexNew->pprev = (*miPrev).second;
1916 pindexNew->nHeight = pindexNew->pprev->nHeight + 1;
1918 pindexNew->nTx = vtx.size();
1919 pindexNew->bnChainWork = (pindexNew->pprev ? pindexNew->pprev->bnChainWork : 0) + pindexNew->GetBlockWork();
1920 pindexNew->nChainTx = (pindexNew->pprev ? pindexNew->pprev->nChainTx : 0) + pindexNew->nTx;
1921 pindexNew->nFile = pos.nFile;
1922 pindexNew->nDataPos = pos.nPos;
1923 pindexNew->nUndoPos = 0;
1924 pindexNew->nStatus = BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS | BLOCK_HAVE_DATA;
1925 setBlockIndexValid.insert(pindexNew);
1927 if (!pblocktree->WriteBlockIndex(CDiskBlockIndex(pindexNew)))
1928 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write block index"));
1931 if (!ConnectBestBlock(state))
1934 if (pindexNew == pindexBest)
1936 // Notify UI to display prev block's coinbase if it was ours
1937 static uint256 hashPrevBestCoinBase;
1938 UpdatedTransaction(hashPrevBestCoinBase);
1939 hashPrevBestCoinBase = GetTxHash(0);
1942 if (!pblocktree->Flush())
1943 return state.Abort(_("Failed to sync block index"));
1945 uiInterface.NotifyBlocksChanged();
1950 bool FindBlockPos(CValidationState &state, CDiskBlockPos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize, unsigned int nHeight, uint64 nTime, bool fKnown = false)
1952 bool fUpdatedLast = false;
1954 LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
1957 if (nLastBlockFile != pos.nFile) {
1958 nLastBlockFile = pos.nFile;
1959 infoLastBlockFile.SetNull();
1960 pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(nLastBlockFile, infoLastBlockFile);
1961 fUpdatedLast = true;
1964 while (infoLastBlockFile.nSize + nAddSize >= MAX_BLOCKFILE_SIZE) {
1965 printf("Leaving block file %i: %s\n", nLastBlockFile, infoLastBlockFile.ToString().c_str());
1968 infoLastBlockFile.SetNull();
1969 pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(nLastBlockFile, infoLastBlockFile); // check whether data for the new file somehow already exist; can fail just fine
1970 fUpdatedLast = true;
1972 pos.nFile = nLastBlockFile;
1973 pos.nPos = infoLastBlockFile.nSize;
1976 infoLastBlockFile.nSize += nAddSize;
1977 infoLastBlockFile.AddBlock(nHeight, nTime);
1980 unsigned int nOldChunks = (pos.nPos + BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
1981 unsigned int nNewChunks = (infoLastBlockFile.nSize + BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
1982 if (nNewChunks > nOldChunks) {
1983 if (CheckDiskSpace(nNewChunks * BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos)) {
1984 FILE *file = OpenBlockFile(pos);
1986 printf("Pre-allocating up to position 0x%x in blk%05u.dat\n", nNewChunks * BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE, pos.nFile);
1987 AllocateFileRange(file, pos.nPos, nNewChunks * BLOCKFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos);
1992 return state.Error();
1996 if (!pblocktree->WriteBlockFileInfo(nLastBlockFile, infoLastBlockFile))
1997 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write file info"));
1999 pblocktree->WriteLastBlockFile(nLastBlockFile);
2004 bool FindUndoPos(CValidationState &state, int nFile, CDiskBlockPos &pos, unsigned int nAddSize)
2008 LOCK(cs_LastBlockFile);
2010 unsigned int nNewSize;
2011 if (nFile == nLastBlockFile) {
2012 pos.nPos = infoLastBlockFile.nUndoSize;
2013 nNewSize = (infoLastBlockFile.nUndoSize += nAddSize);
2014 if (!pblocktree->WriteBlockFileInfo(nLastBlockFile, infoLastBlockFile))
2015 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write block info"));
2017 CBlockFileInfo info;
2018 if (!pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(nFile, info))
2019 return state.Abort(_("Failed to read block info"));
2020 pos.nPos = info.nUndoSize;
2021 nNewSize = (info.nUndoSize += nAddSize);
2022 if (!pblocktree->WriteBlockFileInfo(nFile, info))
2023 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write block info"));
2026 unsigned int nOldChunks = (pos.nPos + UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
2027 unsigned int nNewChunks = (nNewSize + UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - 1) / UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE;
2028 if (nNewChunks > nOldChunks) {
2029 if (CheckDiskSpace(nNewChunks * UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos)) {
2030 FILE *file = OpenUndoFile(pos);
2032 printf("Pre-allocating up to position 0x%x in rev%05u.dat\n", nNewChunks * UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE, pos.nFile);
2033 AllocateFileRange(file, pos.nPos, nNewChunks * UNDOFILE_CHUNK_SIZE - pos.nPos);
2038 return state.Error();
2045 bool CBlock::CheckBlock(CValidationState &state, bool fCheckPOW, bool fCheckMerkleRoot) const
2047 // These are checks that are independent of context
2048 // that can be verified before saving an orphan block.
2051 if (vtx.empty() || vtx.size() > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE || ::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION) > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
2052 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : size limits failed"));
2054 // Check proof of work matches claimed amount
2055 if (fCheckPOW && !CheckProofOfWork(GetHash(), nBits))
2056 return state.DoS(50, error("CheckBlock() : proof of work failed"));
2059 if (GetBlockTime() > GetAdjustedTime() + 2 * 60 * 60)
2060 return state.Invalid(error("CheckBlock() : block timestamp too far in the future"));
2062 // First transaction must be coinbase, the rest must not be
2063 if (vtx.empty() || !vtx[0].IsCoinBase())
2064 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : first tx is not coinbase"));
2065 for (unsigned int i = 1; i < vtx.size(); i++)
2066 if (vtx[i].IsCoinBase())
2067 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : more than one coinbase"));
2069 // Check transactions
2070 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
2071 if (!tx.CheckTransaction(state))
2072 return error("CheckBlock() : CheckTransaction failed");
2074 // Build the merkle tree already. We need it anyway later, and it makes the
2075 // block cache the transaction hashes, which means they don't need to be
2076 // recalculated many times during this block's validation.
2079 // Check for duplicate txids. This is caught by ConnectInputs(),
2080 // but catching it earlier avoids a potential DoS attack:
2081 set<uint256> uniqueTx;
2082 for (unsigned int i=0; i<vtx.size(); i++) {
2083 uniqueTx.insert(GetTxHash(i));
2085 if (uniqueTx.size() != vtx.size())
2086 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : duplicate transaction"));
2088 unsigned int nSigOps = 0;
2089 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
2091 nSigOps += tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
2093 if (nSigOps > MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
2094 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : out-of-bounds SigOpCount"));
2096 // Check merkle root
2097 if (fCheckMerkleRoot && hashMerkleRoot != BuildMerkleTree())
2098 return state.DoS(100, error("CheckBlock() : hashMerkleRoot mismatch"));
2103 bool CBlock::AcceptBlock(CValidationState &state, CDiskBlockPos *dbp)
2105 // Check for duplicate
2106 uint256 hash = GetHash();
2107 if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
2108 return state.Invalid(error("AcceptBlock() : block already in mapBlockIndex"));
2110 // Get prev block index
2111 CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = NULL;
2113 if (hash != hashGenesisBlock) {
2114 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashPrevBlock);
2115 if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
2116 return state.DoS(10, error("AcceptBlock() : prev block not found"));
2117 pindexPrev = (*mi).second;
2118 nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight+1;
2120 // Check proof of work
2121 if (nBits != GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev, this))
2122 return state.DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : incorrect proof of work"));
2124 // Check timestamp against prev
2125 if (GetBlockTime() <= pindexPrev->GetMedianTimePast())
2126 return state.Invalid(error("AcceptBlock() : block's timestamp is too early"));
2128 // Check that all transactions are finalized
2129 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTransaction& tx, vtx)
2130 if (!tx.IsFinal(nHeight, GetBlockTime()))
2131 return state.DoS(10, error("AcceptBlock() : contains a non-final transaction"));
2133 // Check that the block chain matches the known block chain up to a checkpoint
2134 if (!Checkpoints::CheckBlock(nHeight, hash))
2135 return state.DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : rejected by checkpoint lock-in at %d", nHeight));
2137 // Reject block.nVersion=1 blocks when 95% (75% on testnet) of the network has upgraded:
2140 if ((!fTestNet && CBlockIndex::IsSuperMajority(2, pindexPrev, 950, 1000)) ||
2141 (fTestNet && CBlockIndex::IsSuperMajority(2, pindexPrev, 75, 100)))
2143 return state.Invalid(error("AcceptBlock() : rejected nVersion=1 block"));
2146 // Enforce block.nVersion=2 rule that the coinbase starts with serialized block height
2149 // if 750 of the last 1,000 blocks are version 2 or greater (51/100 if testnet):
2150 if ((!fTestNet && CBlockIndex::IsSuperMajority(2, pindexPrev, 750, 1000)) ||
2151 (fTestNet && CBlockIndex::IsSuperMajority(2, pindexPrev, 51, 100)))
2153 CScript expect = CScript() << nHeight;
2154 if (!std::equal(expect.begin(), expect.end(), vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.begin()))
2155 return state.DoS(100, error("AcceptBlock() : block height mismatch in coinbase"));
2160 // Write block to history file
2162 unsigned int nBlockSize = ::GetSerializeSize(*this, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
2163 CDiskBlockPos blockPos;
2166 if (!FindBlockPos(state, blockPos, nBlockSize+8, nHeight, nTime, dbp != NULL))
2167 return error("AcceptBlock() : FindBlockPos failed");
2169 if (!WriteToDisk(blockPos))
2170 return state.Abort(_("Failed to write block"));
2171 if (!AddToBlockIndex(state, blockPos))
2172 return error("AcceptBlock() : AddToBlockIndex failed");
2173 } catch(std::runtime_error &e) {
2174 return state.Abort(_("System error: ") + e.what());
2177 // Relay inventory, but don't relay old inventory during initial block download
2178 int nBlockEstimate = Checkpoints::GetTotalBlocksEstimate();
2179 if (hashBestChain == hash)
2182 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
2183 if (nBestHeight > (pnode->nStartingHeight != -1 ? pnode->nStartingHeight - 2000 : nBlockEstimate))
2184 pnode->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hash));
2190 bool CBlockIndex::IsSuperMajority(int minVersion, const CBlockIndex* pstart, unsigned int nRequired, unsigned int nToCheck)
2192 unsigned int nFound = 0;
2193 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < nToCheck && nFound < nRequired && pstart != NULL; i++)
2195 if (pstart->nVersion >= minVersion)
2197 pstart = pstart->pprev;
2199 return (nFound >= nRequired);
2202 bool ProcessBlock(CValidationState &state, CNode* pfrom, CBlock* pblock, CDiskBlockPos *dbp)
2204 // Check for duplicate
2205 uint256 hash = pblock->GetHash();
2206 if (mapBlockIndex.count(hash))
2207 return state.Invalid(error("ProcessBlock() : already have block %d %s", mapBlockIndex[hash]->nHeight, BlockHashStr(hash).c_str()));
2208 if (mapOrphanBlocks.count(hash))
2209 return state.Invalid(error("ProcessBlock() : already have block (orphan) %s", BlockHashStr(hash).c_str()));
2211 // Preliminary checks
2212 if (!pblock->CheckBlock(state))
2213 return error("ProcessBlock() : CheckBlock FAILED");
2215 CBlockIndex* pcheckpoint = Checkpoints::GetLastCheckpoint(mapBlockIndex);
2216 if (pcheckpoint && pblock->hashPrevBlock != hashBestChain)
2218 // Extra checks to prevent "fill up memory by spamming with bogus blocks"
2219 int64 deltaTime = pblock->GetBlockTime() - pcheckpoint->nTime;
2222 return state.DoS(100, error("ProcessBlock() : block with timestamp before last checkpoint"));
2225 bnNewBlock.SetCompact(pblock->nBits);
2227 bnRequired.SetCompact(ComputeMinWork(pcheckpoint->nBits, deltaTime));
2228 if (bnNewBlock > bnRequired)
2230 return state.DoS(100, error("ProcessBlock() : block with too little proof-of-work"));
2235 // If we don't already have its previous block, shunt it off to holding area until we get it
2236 if (pblock->hashPrevBlock != 0 && !mapBlockIndex.count(pblock->hashPrevBlock))
2238 printf("ProcessBlock: ORPHAN BLOCK, prev=%s\n", BlockHashStr(pblock->hashPrevBlock).c_str());
2240 // Accept orphans as long as there is a node to request its parents from
2242 CBlock* pblock2 = new CBlock(*pblock);
2243 mapOrphanBlocks.insert(make_pair(hash, pblock2));
2244 mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.insert(make_pair(pblock2->hashPrevBlock, pblock2));
2246 // Ask this guy to fill in what we're missing
2247 pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, GetOrphanRoot(pblock2));
2253 if (!pblock->AcceptBlock(state, dbp))
2254 return error("ProcessBlock() : AcceptBlock FAILED");
2256 // Recursively process any orphan blocks that depended on this one
2257 vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
2258 vWorkQueue.push_back(hash);
2259 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
2261 uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
2262 for (multimap<uint256, CBlock*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.lower_bound(hashPrev);
2263 mi != mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.upper_bound(hashPrev);
2266 CBlock* pblockOrphan = (*mi).second;
2267 // Use a dummy CValidationState so someone can't setup nodes to counter-DoS based on orphan resolution (that is, feeding people an invalid block based on LegitBlockX in order to get anyone relaying LegitBlockX banned)
2268 CValidationState stateDummy;
2269 if (pblockOrphan->AcceptBlock(stateDummy))
2270 vWorkQueue.push_back(pblockOrphan->GetHash());
2271 mapOrphanBlocks.erase(pblockOrphan->GetHash());
2272 delete pblockOrphan;
2274 mapOrphanBlocksByPrev.erase(hashPrev);
2277 printf("ProcessBlock: ACCEPTED\n");
2288 CMerkleBlock::CMerkleBlock(const CBlock& block, CBloomFilter& filter)
2290 header = block.GetBlockHeader();
2292 vector<bool> vMatch;
2293 vector<uint256> vHashes;
2295 vMatch.reserve(block.vtx.size());
2296 vHashes.reserve(block.vtx.size());
2298 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < block.vtx.size(); i++)
2300 uint256 hash = block.vtx[i].GetHash();
2301 if (filter.IsRelevantAndUpdate(block.vtx[i], hash))
2303 vMatch.push_back(true);
2304 vMatchedTxn.push_back(make_pair(i, hash));
2307 vMatch.push_back(false);
2308 vHashes.push_back(hash);
2311 txn = CPartialMerkleTree(vHashes, vMatch);
2321 uint256 CPartialMerkleTree::CalcHash(int height, unsigned int pos, const std::vector<uint256> &vTxid) {
2323 // hash at height 0 is the txids themself
2326 // calculate left hash
2327 uint256 left = CalcHash(height-1, pos*2, vTxid), right;
2328 // calculate right hash if not beyong the end of the array - copy left hash otherwise1
2329 if (pos*2+1 < CalcTreeWidth(height-1))
2330 right = CalcHash(height-1, pos*2+1, vTxid);
2333 // combine subhashes
2334 return Hash(BEGIN(left), END(left), BEGIN(right), END(right));
2338 void CPartialMerkleTree::TraverseAndBuild(int height, unsigned int pos, const std::vector<uint256> &vTxid, const std::vector<bool> &vMatch) {
2339 // determine whether this node is the parent of at least one matched txid
2340 bool fParentOfMatch = false;
2341 for (unsigned int p = pos << height; p < (pos+1) << height && p < nTransactions; p++)
2342 fParentOfMatch |= vMatch[p];
2343 // store as flag bit
2344 vBits.push_back(fParentOfMatch);
2345 if (height==0 || !fParentOfMatch) {
2346 // if at height 0, or nothing interesting below, store hash and stop
2347 vHash.push_back(CalcHash(height, pos, vTxid));
2349 // otherwise, don't store any hash, but descend into the subtrees
2350 TraverseAndBuild(height-1, pos*2, vTxid, vMatch);
2351 if (pos*2+1 < CalcTreeWidth(height-1))
2352 TraverseAndBuild(height-1, pos*2+1, vTxid, vMatch);
2356 uint256 CPartialMerkleTree::TraverseAndExtract(int height, unsigned int pos, unsigned int &nBitsUsed, unsigned int &nHashUsed, std::vector<uint256> &vMatch) {
2357 if (nBitsUsed >= vBits.size()) {
2358 // overflowed the bits array - failure
2362 bool fParentOfMatch = vBits[nBitsUsed++];
2363 if (height==0 || !fParentOfMatch) {
2364 // if at height 0, or nothing interesting below, use stored hash and do not descend
2365 if (nHashUsed >= vHash.size()) {
2366 // overflowed the hash array - failure
2370 const uint256 &hash = vHash[nHashUsed++];
2371 if (height==0 && fParentOfMatch) // in case of height 0, we have a matched txid
2372 vMatch.push_back(hash);
2375 // otherwise, descend into the subtrees to extract matched txids and hashes
2376 uint256 left = TraverseAndExtract(height-1, pos*2, nBitsUsed, nHashUsed, vMatch), right;
2377 if (pos*2+1 < CalcTreeWidth(height-1))
2378 right = TraverseAndExtract(height-1, pos*2+1, nBitsUsed, nHashUsed, vMatch);
2381 // and combine them before returning
2382 return Hash(BEGIN(left), END(left), BEGIN(right), END(right));
2386 CPartialMerkleTree::CPartialMerkleTree(const std::vector<uint256> &vTxid, const std::vector<bool> &vMatch) : nTransactions(vTxid.size()), fBad(false) {
2391 // calculate height of tree
2393 while (CalcTreeWidth(nHeight) > 1)
2396 // traverse the partial tree
2397 TraverseAndBuild(nHeight, 0, vTxid, vMatch);
2400 CPartialMerkleTree::CPartialMerkleTree() : nTransactions(0), fBad(true) {}
2402 uint256 CPartialMerkleTree::ExtractMatches(std::vector<uint256> &vMatch) {
2404 // An empty set will not work
2405 if (nTransactions == 0)
2407 // check for excessively high numbers of transactions
2408 if (nTransactions > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE / 60) // 60 is the lower bound for the size of a serialized CTransaction
2410 // there can never be more hashes provided than one for every txid
2411 if (vHash.size() > nTransactions)
2413 // there must be at least one bit per node in the partial tree, and at least one node per hash
2414 if (vBits.size() < vHash.size())
2416 // calculate height of tree
2418 while (CalcTreeWidth(nHeight) > 1)
2420 // traverse the partial tree
2421 unsigned int nBitsUsed = 0, nHashUsed = 0;
2422 uint256 hashMerkleRoot = TraverseAndExtract(nHeight, 0, nBitsUsed, nHashUsed, vMatch);
2423 // verify that no problems occured during the tree traversal
2426 // verify that all bits were consumed (except for the padding caused by serializing it as a byte sequence)
2427 if ((nBitsUsed+7)/8 != (vBits.size()+7)/8)
2429 // verify that all hashes were consumed
2430 if (nHashUsed != vHash.size())
2432 return hashMerkleRoot;
2441 bool AbortNode(const std::string &strMessage) {
2442 fRequestShutdown = true;
2443 strMiscWarning = strMessage;
2444 printf("*** %s\n", strMessage.c_str());
2445 uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(strMessage, "", CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR);
2450 bool CheckDiskSpace(uint64 nAdditionalBytes)
2452 uint64 nFreeBytesAvailable = filesystem::space(GetDataDir()).available;
2454 // Check for nMinDiskSpace bytes (currently 50MB)
2455 if (nFreeBytesAvailable < nMinDiskSpace + nAdditionalBytes)
2456 return AbortNode(_("Error: Disk space is low!"));
2461 CCriticalSection cs_LastBlockFile;
2462 CBlockFileInfo infoLastBlockFile;
2463 int nLastBlockFile = 0;
2465 FILE* OpenDiskFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, const char *prefix, bool fReadOnly)
2469 boost::filesystem::path path = GetDataDir() / "blocks" / strprintf("%s%05u.dat", prefix, pos.nFile);
2470 boost::filesystem::create_directories(path.parent_path());
2471 FILE* file = fopen(path.string().c_str(), "rb+");
2472 if (!file && !fReadOnly)
2473 file = fopen(path.string().c_str(), "wb+");
2475 printf("Unable to open file %s\n", path.string().c_str());
2479 if (fseek(file, pos.nPos, SEEK_SET)) {
2480 printf("Unable to seek to position %u of %s\n", pos.nPos, path.string().c_str());
2488 FILE* OpenBlockFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly) {
2489 return OpenDiskFile(pos, "blk", fReadOnly);
2492 FILE* OpenUndoFile(const CDiskBlockPos &pos, bool fReadOnly) {
2493 return OpenDiskFile(pos, "rev", fReadOnly);
2496 CBlockIndex * InsertBlockIndex(uint256 hash)
2502 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hash);
2503 if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
2504 return (*mi).second;
2507 CBlockIndex* pindexNew = new CBlockIndex();
2509 throw runtime_error("LoadBlockIndex() : new CBlockIndex failed");
2510 mi = mapBlockIndex.insert(make_pair(hash, pindexNew)).first;
2511 pindexNew->phashBlock = &((*mi).first);
2516 bool static LoadBlockIndexDB()
2518 if (!pblocktree->LoadBlockIndexGuts())
2521 if (fRequestShutdown)
2524 // Calculate bnChainWork
2525 vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vSortedByHeight;
2526 vSortedByHeight.reserve(mapBlockIndex.size());
2527 BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(uint256, CBlockIndex*)& item, mapBlockIndex)
2529 CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
2530 vSortedByHeight.push_back(make_pair(pindex->nHeight, pindex));
2532 sort(vSortedByHeight.begin(), vSortedByHeight.end());
2533 BOOST_FOREACH(const PAIRTYPE(int, CBlockIndex*)& item, vSortedByHeight)
2535 CBlockIndex* pindex = item.second;
2536 pindex->bnChainWork = (pindex->pprev ? pindex->pprev->bnChainWork : 0) + pindex->GetBlockWork();
2537 pindex->nChainTx = (pindex->pprev ? pindex->pprev->nChainTx : 0) + pindex->nTx;
2538 if ((pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_VALID_MASK) >= BLOCK_VALID_TRANSACTIONS && !(pindex->nStatus & BLOCK_FAILED_MASK))
2539 setBlockIndexValid.insert(pindex);
2542 // Load block file info
2543 pblocktree->ReadLastBlockFile(nLastBlockFile);
2544 printf("LoadBlockIndexDB(): last block file = %i\n", nLastBlockFile);
2545 if (pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(nLastBlockFile, infoLastBlockFile))
2546 printf("LoadBlockIndexDB(): last block file info: %s\n", infoLastBlockFile.ToString().c_str());
2548 // Load bnBestInvalidWork, OK if it doesn't exist
2549 pblocktree->ReadBestInvalidWork(bnBestInvalidWork);
2551 // Check whether we need to continue reindexing
2552 bool fReindexing = false;
2553 pblocktree->ReadReindexing(fReindexing);
2554 fReindex |= fReindexing;
2556 // Check whether we have a transaction index
2557 pblocktree->ReadFlag("txindex", fTxIndex);
2558 printf("LoadBlockIndexDB(): transaction index %s\n", fTxIndex ? "enabled" : "disabled");
2560 // Load hashBestChain pointer to end of best chain
2561 pindexBest = pcoinsTip->GetBestBlock();
2562 if (pindexBest == NULL)
2564 hashBestChain = pindexBest->GetBlockHash();
2565 nBestHeight = pindexBest->nHeight;
2566 bnBestChainWork = pindexBest->bnChainWork;
2568 // set 'next' pointers in best chain
2569 CBlockIndex *pindex = pindexBest;
2570 while(pindex != NULL && pindex->pprev != NULL) {
2571 CBlockIndex *pindexPrev = pindex->pprev;
2572 pindexPrev->pnext = pindex;
2573 pindex = pindexPrev;
2575 printf("LoadBlockIndexDB(): hashBestChain=%s height=%d date=%s\n",
2576 BlockHashStr(hashBestChain).c_str(), nBestHeight,
2577 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", pindexBest->GetBlockTime()).c_str());
2583 if (pindexBest == NULL || pindexBest->pprev == NULL)
2586 // Verify blocks in the best chain
2587 int nCheckLevel = GetArg("-checklevel", 3);
2588 int nCheckDepth = GetArg( "-checkblocks", 288);
2589 if (nCheckDepth == 0)
2590 nCheckDepth = 1000000000; // suffices until the year 19000
2591 if (nCheckDepth > nBestHeight)
2592 nCheckDepth = nBestHeight;
2593 nCheckLevel = std::max(0, std::min(4, nCheckLevel));
2594 printf("Verifying last %i blocks at level %i\n", nCheckDepth, nCheckLevel);
2595 CCoinsViewCache coins(*pcoinsTip, true);
2596 CBlockIndex* pindexState = pindexBest;
2597 CBlockIndex* pindexFailure = NULL;
2598 int nGoodTransactions = 0;
2599 CValidationState state;
2600 for (CBlockIndex* pindex = pindexBest; pindex && pindex->pprev; pindex = pindex->pprev)
2602 if (fRequestShutdown || pindex->nHeight < nBestHeight-nCheckDepth)
2605 // check level 0: read from disk
2606 if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
2607 return error("VerifyDB() : *** block.ReadFromDisk failed at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
2608 // check level 1: verify block validity
2609 if (nCheckLevel >= 1 && !block.CheckBlock(state))
2610 return error("VerifyDB() : *** found bad block at %d, hash=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
2611 // check level 2: verify undo validity
2612 if (nCheckLevel >= 2 && pindex) {
2614 CDiskBlockPos pos = pindex->GetUndoPos();
2615 if (!pos.IsNull()) {
2616 if (!undo.ReadFromDisk(pos, pindex->pprev->GetBlockHash()))
2617 return error("VerifyDB() : *** found bad undo data at %d, hash=%s\n", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
2620 // check level 3: check for inconsistencies during memory-only disconnect of tip blocks
2621 if (nCheckLevel >= 3 && pindex == pindexState && (coins.GetCacheSize() + pcoinsTip->GetCacheSize()) <= 2*nCoinCacheSize + 32000) {
2623 if (!block.DisconnectBlock(state, pindex, coins, &fClean))
2624 return error("VerifyDB() : *** irrecoverable inconsistency in block data at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
2625 pindexState = pindex->pprev;
2627 nGoodTransactions = 0;
2628 pindexFailure = pindex;
2630 nGoodTransactions += block.vtx.size();
2634 return error("VerifyDB() : *** coin database inconsistencies found (last %i blocks, %i good transactions before that)\n", pindexBest->nHeight - pindexFailure->nHeight + 1, nGoodTransactions);
2636 // check level 4: try reconnecting blocks
2637 if (nCheckLevel >= 4) {
2638 CBlockIndex *pindex = pindexState;
2639 while (pindex != pindexBest && !fRequestShutdown) {
2640 pindex = pindex->pnext;
2642 if (!block.ReadFromDisk(pindex))
2643 return error("VerifyDB() : *** block.ReadFromDisk failed at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
2644 if (!block.ConnectBlock(state, pindex, coins))
2645 return error("VerifyDB() : *** found unconnectable block at %d, hash=%s", pindex->nHeight, pindex->GetBlockHash().ToString().c_str());
2649 printf("No coin database inconsistencies in last %i blocks (%i transactions)\n", pindexBest->nHeight - pindexState->nHeight, nGoodTransactions);
2654 void UnloadBlockIndex()
2656 mapBlockIndex.clear();
2657 setBlockIndexValid.clear();
2658 pindexGenesisBlock = NULL;
2660 bnBestChainWork = 0;
2661 bnBestInvalidWork = 0;
2666 bool LoadBlockIndex()
2670 pchMessageStart[0] = 0x0b;
2671 pchMessageStart[1] = 0x11;
2672 pchMessageStart[2] = 0x09;
2673 pchMessageStart[3] = 0x07;
2674 hashGenesisBlock = uint256("000000000933ea01ad0ee984209779baaec3ced90fa3f408719526f8d77f4943");
2678 // Load block index from databases
2680 if (!fReindex && !LoadBlockIndexDB())
2687 bool InitBlockIndex() {
2688 // Check whether we're already initialized
2689 if (pindexGenesisBlock != NULL)
2692 // Use the provided setting for -txindex in the new database
2693 fTxIndex = GetBoolArg("-txindex", false);
2694 pblocktree->WriteFlag("txindex", fTxIndex);
2695 printf("Initializing databases...\n");
2697 // Only add the genesis block if not reindexing (in which case we reuse the one already on disk)
2700 // CBlock(hash=000000000019d6, ver=1, hashPrevBlock=00000000000000, hashMerkleRoot=4a5e1e, nTime=1231006505, nBits=1d00ffff, nNonce=2083236893, vtx=1)
2701 // CTransaction(hash=4a5e1e, ver=1, vin.size=1, vout.size=1, nLockTime=0)
2702 // CTxIn(COutPoint(000000, -1), coinbase 04ffff001d0104455468652054696d65732030332f4a616e2f32303039204368616e63656c6c6f72206f6e206272696e6b206f66207365636f6e64206261696c6f757420666f722062616e6b73)
2703 // CTxOut(nValue=50.00000000, scriptPubKey=0x5F1DF16B2B704C8A578D0B)
2704 // vMerkleTree: 4a5e1e
2707 const char* pszTimestamp = "The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks";
2709 txNew.vin.resize(1);
2710 txNew.vout.resize(1);
2711 txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << 486604799 << CBigNum(4) << vector<unsigned char>((const unsigned char*)pszTimestamp, (const unsigned char*)pszTimestamp + strlen(pszTimestamp));
2712 txNew.vout[0].nValue = 50 * COIN;
2713 txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = CScript() << ParseHex("04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f") << OP_CHECKSIG;
2715 block.vtx.push_back(txNew);
2716 block.hashPrevBlock = 0;
2717 block.hashMerkleRoot = block.BuildMerkleTree();
2719 block.nTime = 1231006505;
2720 block.nBits = 0x1d00ffff;
2721 block.nNonce = 2083236893;
2725 block.nTime = 1296688602;
2726 block.nNonce = 414098458;
2730 uint256 hash = block.GetHash();
2731 printf("%s\n", hash.ToString().c_str());
2732 printf("%s\n", hashGenesisBlock.ToString().c_str());
2733 printf("%s\n", block.hashMerkleRoot.ToString().c_str());
2734 assert(block.hashMerkleRoot == uint256("0x4a5e1e4baab89f3a32518a88c31bc87f618f76673e2cc77ab2127b7afdeda33b"));
2736 assert(hash == hashGenesisBlock);
2738 // Start new block file
2740 unsigned int nBlockSize = ::GetSerializeSize(block, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
2741 CDiskBlockPos blockPos;
2742 CValidationState state;
2743 if (!FindBlockPos(state, blockPos, nBlockSize+8, 0, block.nTime))
2744 return error("LoadBlockIndex() : FindBlockPos failed");
2745 if (!block.WriteToDisk(blockPos))
2746 return error("LoadBlockIndex() : writing genesis block to disk failed");
2747 if (!block.AddToBlockIndex(state, blockPos))
2748 return error("LoadBlockIndex() : genesis block not accepted");
2749 } catch(std::runtime_error &e) {
2750 return error("LoadBlockIndex() : failed to initialize block database: %s", e.what());
2759 void PrintBlockTree()
2761 // pre-compute tree structure
2762 map<CBlockIndex*, vector<CBlockIndex*> > mapNext;
2763 for (map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.begin(); mi != mapBlockIndex.end(); ++mi)
2765 CBlockIndex* pindex = (*mi).second;
2766 mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
2768 //while (rand() % 3 == 0)
2769 // mapNext[pindex->pprev].push_back(pindex);
2772 vector<pair<int, CBlockIndex*> > vStack;
2773 vStack.push_back(make_pair(0, pindexGenesisBlock));
2776 while (!vStack.empty())
2778 int nCol = vStack.back().first;
2779 CBlockIndex* pindex = vStack.back().second;
2782 // print split or gap
2783 if (nCol > nPrevCol)
2785 for (int i = 0; i < nCol-1; i++)
2789 else if (nCol < nPrevCol)
2791 for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
2798 for (int i = 0; i < nCol; i++)
2803 block.ReadFromDisk(pindex);
2804 printf("%d (blk%05u.dat:0x%x) %s tx %"PRIszu"",
2806 pindex->GetBlockPos().nFile, pindex->GetBlockPos().nPos,
2807 DateTimeStrFormat("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", block.GetBlockTime()).c_str(),
2810 PrintWallets(block);
2812 // put the main time-chain first
2813 vector<CBlockIndex*>& vNext = mapNext[pindex];
2814 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
2816 if (vNext[i]->pnext)
2818 swap(vNext[0], vNext[i]);
2824 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vNext.size(); i++)
2825 vStack.push_back(make_pair(nCol+i, vNext[i]));
2829 bool LoadExternalBlockFile(FILE* fileIn, CDiskBlockPos *dbp)
2831 int64 nStart = GetTimeMillis();
2835 CBufferedFile blkdat(fileIn, 2*MAX_BLOCK_SIZE, MAX_BLOCK_SIZE+8, SER_DISK, CLIENT_VERSION);
2836 uint64 nStartByte = 0;
2838 // (try to) skip already indexed part
2839 CBlockFileInfo info;
2840 if (pblocktree->ReadBlockFileInfo(dbp->nFile, info)) {
2841 nStartByte = info.nSize;
2842 blkdat.Seek(info.nSize);
2845 uint64 nRewind = blkdat.GetPos();
2846 while (blkdat.good() && !blkdat.eof() && !fRequestShutdown) {
2847 blkdat.SetPos(nRewind);
2848 nRewind++; // start one byte further next time, in case of failure
2849 blkdat.SetLimit(); // remove former limit
2850 unsigned int nSize = 0;
2853 unsigned char buf[4];
2854 blkdat.FindByte(pchMessageStart[0]);
2855 nRewind = blkdat.GetPos()+1;
2856 blkdat >> FLATDATA(buf);
2857 if (memcmp(buf, pchMessageStart, 4))
2861 if (nSize < 80 || nSize > MAX_BLOCK_SIZE)
2863 } catch (std::exception &e) {
2864 // no valid block header found; don't complain
2869 uint64 nBlockPos = blkdat.GetPos();
2870 blkdat.SetLimit(nBlockPos + nSize);
2873 nRewind = blkdat.GetPos();
2876 if (nBlockPos >= nStartByte) {
2879 dbp->nPos = nBlockPos;
2880 CValidationState state;
2881 if (ProcessBlock(state, NULL, &block, dbp))
2883 if (state.IsError())
2886 } catch (std::exception &e) {
2887 printf("%s() : Deserialize or I/O error caught during load\n", __PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
2891 } catch(std::runtime_error &e) {
2892 AbortNode(_("Error: system error: ") + e.what());
2895 printf("Loaded %i blocks from external file in %"PRI64d"ms\n", nLoaded, GetTimeMillis() - nStart);
2908 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2913 extern map<uint256, CAlert> mapAlerts;
2914 extern CCriticalSection cs_mapAlerts;
2916 string GetWarnings(string strFor)
2919 string strStatusBar;
2922 if (GetBoolArg("-testsafemode"))
2925 if (!CLIENT_VERSION_IS_RELEASE)
2926 strStatusBar = _("This is a pre-release test build - use at your own risk - do not use for mining or merchant applications");
2928 // Misc warnings like out of disk space and clock is wrong
2929 if (strMiscWarning != "")
2932 strStatusBar = strMiscWarning;
2935 // Longer invalid proof-of-work chain
2936 if (pindexBest && bnBestInvalidWork > bnBestChainWork + pindexBest->GetBlockWork() * 6)
2939 strStatusBar = strRPC = _("Warning: Displayed transactions may not be correct! You may need to upgrade, or other nodes may need to upgrade.");
2945 BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
2947 const CAlert& alert = item.second;
2948 if (alert.AppliesToMe() && alert.nPriority > nPriority)
2950 nPriority = alert.nPriority;
2951 strStatusBar = alert.strStatusBar;
2956 if (strFor == "statusbar")
2957 return strStatusBar;
2958 else if (strFor == "rpc")
2960 assert(!"GetWarnings() : invalid parameter");
2971 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2977 bool static AlreadyHave(const CInv& inv)
2983 bool txInMap = false;
2986 txInMap = mempool.exists(inv.hash);
2988 return txInMap || mapOrphanTransactions.count(inv.hash) ||
2989 pcoinsTip->HaveCoins(inv.hash);
2992 return mapBlockIndex.count(inv.hash) ||
2993 mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash);
2995 // Don't know what it is, just say we already got one
3002 // The message start string is designed to be unlikely to occur in normal data.
3003 // The characters are rarely used upper ASCII, not valid as UTF-8, and produce
3004 // a large 4-byte int at any alignment.
3005 unsigned char pchMessageStart[4] = { 0xf9, 0xbe, 0xb4, 0xd9 };
3008 bool static ProcessMessage(CNode* pfrom, string strCommand, CDataStream& vRecv)
3010 RandAddSeedPerfmon();
3012 printf("received: %s (%"PRIszu" bytes)\n", strCommand.c_str(), vRecv.size());
3013 if (mapArgs.count("-dropmessagestest") && GetRand(atoi(mapArgs["-dropmessagestest"])) == 0)
3015 printf("dropmessagestest DROPPING RECV MESSAGE\n");
3023 if (strCommand == "version")
3025 // Each connection can only send one version message
3026 if (pfrom->nVersion != 0)
3028 pfrom->Misbehaving(1);
3036 vRecv >> pfrom->nVersion >> pfrom->nServices >> nTime >> addrMe;
3037 if (pfrom->nVersion < MIN_PROTO_VERSION)
3039 // Since February 20, 2012, the protocol is initiated at version 209,
3040 // and earlier versions are no longer supported
3041 printf("partner %s using obsolete version %i; disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->nVersion);
3042 pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
3046 if (pfrom->nVersion == 10300)
3047 pfrom->nVersion = 300;
3049 vRecv >> addrFrom >> nNonce;
3051 vRecv >> pfrom->strSubVer;
3053 vRecv >> pfrom->nStartingHeight;
3055 vRecv >> pfrom->fRelayTxes; // set to true after we get the first filter* message
3057 pfrom->fRelayTxes = true;
3059 if (pfrom->fInbound && addrMe.IsRoutable())
3061 pfrom->addrLocal = addrMe;
3065 // Disconnect if we connected to ourself
3066 if (nNonce == nLocalHostNonce && nNonce > 1)
3068 printf("connected to self at %s, disconnecting\n", pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str());
3069 pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
3073 // Be shy and don't send version until we hear
3074 if (pfrom->fInbound)
3075 pfrom->PushVersion();
3077 pfrom->fClient = !(pfrom->nServices & NODE_NETWORK);
3079 AddTimeData(pfrom->addr, nTime);
3082 pfrom->PushMessage("verack");
3083 pfrom->vSend.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
3085 if (!pfrom->fInbound)
3087 // Advertise our address
3088 if (!fNoListen && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
3090 CAddress addr = GetLocalAddress(&pfrom->addr);
3091 if (addr.IsRoutable())
3092 pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
3095 // Get recent addresses
3096 if (pfrom->fOneShot || pfrom->nVersion >= CADDR_TIME_VERSION || addrman.size() < 1000)
3098 pfrom->PushMessage("getaddr");
3099 pfrom->fGetAddr = true;
3101 addrman.Good(pfrom->addr);
3103 if (((CNetAddr)pfrom->addr) == (CNetAddr)addrFrom)
3105 addrman.Add(addrFrom, addrFrom);
3106 addrman.Good(addrFrom);
3110 // Ask the first connected node for block updates
3111 static int nAskedForBlocks = 0;
3112 if (!pfrom->fClient && !pfrom->fOneShot && !fImporting && !fReindex &&
3113 (pfrom->nStartingHeight > (nBestHeight - 144)) &&
3114 (pfrom->nVersion < NOBLKS_VERSION_START ||
3115 pfrom->nVersion >= NOBLKS_VERSION_END) &&
3116 (nAskedForBlocks < 1 || vNodes.size() <= 1))
3119 pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, uint256(0));
3125 BOOST_FOREACH(PAIRTYPE(const uint256, CAlert)& item, mapAlerts)
3126 item.second.RelayTo(pfrom);
3129 pfrom->fSuccessfullyConnected = true;
3131 printf("receive version message: version %d, blocks=%d, us=%s, them=%s, peer=%s\n", pfrom->nVersion, pfrom->nStartingHeight, addrMe.ToString().c_str(), addrFrom.ToString().c_str(), pfrom->addr.ToString().c_str());
3133 cPeerBlockCounts.input(pfrom->nStartingHeight);
3137 else if (pfrom->nVersion == 0)
3139 // Must have a version message before anything else
3140 pfrom->Misbehaving(1);
3145 else if (strCommand == "verack")
3147 pfrom->vRecv.SetVersion(min(pfrom->nVersion, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
3151 else if (strCommand == "addr")
3153 vector<CAddress> vAddr;
3156 // Don't want addr from older versions unless seeding
3157 if (pfrom->nVersion < CADDR_TIME_VERSION && addrman.size() > 1000)
3159 if (vAddr.size() > 1000)
3161 pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
3162 return error("message addr size() = %"PRIszu"", vAddr.size());
3165 // Store the new addresses
3166 vector<CAddress> vAddrOk;
3167 int64 nNow = GetAdjustedTime();
3168 int64 nSince = nNow - 10 * 60;
3169 BOOST_FOREACH(CAddress& addr, vAddr)
3173 if (addr.nTime <= 100000000 || addr.nTime > nNow + 10 * 60)
3174 addr.nTime = nNow - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60;
3175 pfrom->AddAddressKnown(addr);
3176 bool fReachable = IsReachable(addr);
3177 if (addr.nTime > nSince && !pfrom->fGetAddr && vAddr.size() <= 10 && addr.IsRoutable())
3179 // Relay to a limited number of other nodes
3182 // Use deterministic randomness to send to the same nodes for 24 hours
3183 // at a time so the setAddrKnowns of the chosen nodes prevent repeats
3184 static uint256 hashSalt;
3186 hashSalt = GetRandHash();
3187 uint64 hashAddr = addr.GetHash();
3188 uint256 hashRand = hashSalt ^ (hashAddr<<32) ^ ((GetTime()+hashAddr)/(24*60*60));
3189 hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
3190 multimap<uint256, CNode*> mapMix;
3191 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
3193 if (pnode->nVersion < CADDR_TIME_VERSION)
3195 unsigned int nPointer;
3196 memcpy(&nPointer, &pnode, sizeof(nPointer));
3197 uint256 hashKey = hashRand ^ nPointer;
3198 hashKey = Hash(BEGIN(hashKey), END(hashKey));
3199 mapMix.insert(make_pair(hashKey, pnode));
3201 int nRelayNodes = fReachable ? 2 : 1; // limited relaying of addresses outside our network(s)
3202 for (multimap<uint256, CNode*>::iterator mi = mapMix.begin(); mi != mapMix.end() && nRelayNodes-- > 0; ++mi)
3203 ((*mi).second)->PushAddress(addr);
3206 // Do not store addresses outside our network
3208 vAddrOk.push_back(addr);
3210 addrman.Add(vAddrOk, pfrom->addr, 2 * 60 * 60);
3211 if (vAddr.size() < 1000)
3212 pfrom->fGetAddr = false;
3213 if (pfrom->fOneShot)
3214 pfrom->fDisconnect = true;
3218 else if (strCommand == "inv")
3222 if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
3224 pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
3225 return error("message inv size() = %"PRIszu"", vInv.size());
3228 // find last block in inv vector
3229 unsigned int nLastBlock = (unsigned int)(-1);
3230 for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++) {
3231 if (vInv[vInv.size() - 1 - nInv].type == MSG_BLOCK) {
3232 nLastBlock = vInv.size() - 1 - nInv;
3236 for (unsigned int nInv = 0; nInv < vInv.size(); nInv++)
3238 const CInv &inv = vInv[nInv];
3242 pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
3244 bool fAlreadyHave = AlreadyHave(inv);
3246 printf(" got inventory: %s %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str(), fAlreadyHave ? "have" : "new");
3248 if (!fAlreadyHave) {
3249 if (!fImporting && !fReindex)
3251 } else if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK && mapOrphanBlocks.count(inv.hash)) {
3252 pfrom->PushGetBlocks(pindexBest, GetOrphanRoot(mapOrphanBlocks[inv.hash]));
3253 } else if (nInv == nLastBlock) {
3254 // In case we are on a very long side-chain, it is possible that we already have
3255 // the last block in an inv bundle sent in response to getblocks. Try to detect
3256 // this situation and push another getblocks to continue.
3257 pfrom->PushGetBlocks(mapBlockIndex[inv.hash], uint256(0));
3259 printf("force request: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());
3262 // Track requests for our stuff
3263 Inventory(inv.hash);
3268 else if (strCommand == "getdata")
3272 if (vInv.size() > MAX_INV_SZ)
3274 pfrom->Misbehaving(20);
3275 return error("message getdata size() = %"PRIszu"", vInv.size());
3278 if (fDebugNet || (vInv.size() != 1))
3279 printf("received getdata (%"PRIszu" invsz)\n", vInv.size());
3281 vector<CInv> vNotFound;
3282 BOOST_FOREACH(const CInv& inv, vInv)
3286 if (fDebugNet || (vInv.size() == 1))
3287 printf("received getdata for: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());
3289 if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK || inv.type == MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK)
3291 // Send block from disk
3292 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(inv.hash);
3293 if (mi != mapBlockIndex.end())
3296 block.ReadFromDisk((*mi).second);
3297 if (inv.type == MSG_BLOCK)
3298 pfrom->PushMessage("block", block);
3299 else // MSG_FILTERED_BLOCK)
3301 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
3304 CMerkleBlock merkleBlock(block, *pfrom->pfilter);
3305 pfrom->PushMessage("merkleblock", merkleBlock);
3306 // CMerkleBlock just contains hashes, so also push any transactions in the block the client did not see
3307 // This avoids hurting performance by pointlessly requiring a round-trip
3308 // Note that there is currently no way for a node to request any single transactions we didnt send here -
3309 // they must either disconnect and retry or request the full block.
3310 // Thus, the protocol spec specified allows for us to provide duplicate txn here,
3311 // however we MUST always provide at least what the remote peer needs
3312 typedef std::pair<unsigned int, uint256> PairType;
3313 BOOST_FOREACH(PairType& pair, merkleBlock.vMatchedTxn)
3314 if (!pfrom->setInventoryKnown.count(CInv(MSG_TX, pair.second)))
3315 pfrom->PushMessage("tx", block.vtx[pair.first]);
3321 // Trigger them to send a getblocks request for the next batch of inventory
3322 if (inv.hash == pfrom->hashContinue)
3324 // Bypass PushInventory, this must send even if redundant,
3325 // and we want it right after the last block so they don't
3326 // wait for other stuff first.
3328 vInv.push_back(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, hashBestChain));
3329 pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
3330 pfrom->hashContinue = 0;
3334 else if (inv.IsKnownType())
3336 // Send stream from relay memory
3337 bool pushed = false;
3340 map<CInv, CDataStream>::iterator mi = mapRelay.find(inv);
3341 if (mi != mapRelay.end()) {
3342 pfrom->PushMessage(inv.GetCommand(), (*mi).second);
3346 if (!pushed && inv.type == MSG_TX) {
3348 if (mempool.exists(inv.hash)) {
3349 CTransaction tx = mempool.lookup(inv.hash);
3350 CDataStream ss(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
3353 pfrom->PushMessage("tx", ss);
3358 vNotFound.push_back(inv);
3362 // Track requests for our stuff.
3363 Inventory(inv.hash);
3365 if (!vNotFound.empty()) {
3366 // Let the peer know that we didn't find what it asked for, so it doesn't
3367 // have to wait around forever. Currently only SPV clients actually care
3368 // about this message: it's needed when they are recursively walking the
3369 // dependencies of relevant unconfirmed transactions. SPV clients want to
3370 // do that because they want to know about (and store and rebroadcast and
3371 // risk analyze) the dependencies of transactions relevant to them, without
3372 // having to download the entire memory pool.
3373 pfrom->PushMessage("notfound", vNotFound);
3379 else if (strCommand == "getblocks")
3381 CBlockLocator locator;
3383 vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;
3385 // Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
3386 CBlockIndex* pindex = locator.GetBlockIndex();
3388 // Send the rest of the chain
3390 pindex = pindex->pnext;
3392 printf("getblocks %d to %s limit %d\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), BlockHashStr(hashStop).c_str(), nLimit);
3393 for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
3395 if (pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
3397 printf(" getblocks stopping at %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, BlockHashStr(pindex->GetBlockHash()).c_str());
3400 pfrom->PushInventory(CInv(MSG_BLOCK, pindex->GetBlockHash()));
3403 // When this block is requested, we'll send an inv that'll make them
3404 // getblocks the next batch of inventory.
3405 printf(" getblocks stopping at limit %d %s\n", pindex->nHeight, BlockHashStr(pindex->GetBlockHash()).c_str());
3406 pfrom->hashContinue = pindex->GetBlockHash();
3413 else if (strCommand == "getheaders")
3415 CBlockLocator locator;
3417 vRecv >> locator >> hashStop;
3419 CBlockIndex* pindex = NULL;
3420 if (locator.IsNull())
3422 // If locator is null, return the hashStop block
3423 map<uint256, CBlockIndex*>::iterator mi = mapBlockIndex.find(hashStop);
3424 if (mi == mapBlockIndex.end())
3426 pindex = (*mi).second;
3430 // Find the last block the caller has in the main chain
3431 pindex = locator.GetBlockIndex();
3433 pindex = pindex->pnext;
3436 // we must use CBlocks, as CBlockHeaders won't include the 0x00 nTx count at the end
3437 vector<CBlock> vHeaders;
3439 printf("getheaders %d to %s\n", (pindex ? pindex->nHeight : -1), BlockHashStr(hashStop).c_str());
3440 for (; pindex; pindex = pindex->pnext)
3442 vHeaders.push_back(pindex->GetBlockHeader());
3443 if (--nLimit <= 0 || pindex->GetBlockHash() == hashStop)
3446 pfrom->PushMessage("headers", vHeaders);
3450 else if (strCommand == "tx")
3452 vector<uint256> vWorkQueue;
3453 vector<uint256> vEraseQueue;
3454 CDataStream vMsg(vRecv);
3458 CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
3459 pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
3461 bool fMissingInputs = false;
3462 CValidationState state;
3463 if (tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(state, true, true, &fMissingInputs))
3465 RelayTransaction(tx, inv.hash, vMsg);
3466 mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
3467 vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
3468 vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
3470 // Recursively process any orphan transactions that depended on this one
3471 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vWorkQueue.size(); i++)
3473 uint256 hashPrev = vWorkQueue[i];
3474 for (map<uint256, CDataStream*>::iterator mi = mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].begin();
3475 mi != mapOrphanTransactionsByPrev[hashPrev].end();
3478 const CDataStream& vMsg = *((*mi).second);
3480 CDataStream(vMsg) >> tx;
3481 CInv inv(MSG_TX, tx.GetHash());
3482 bool fMissingInputs2 = false;
3483 // Use a dummy CValidationState so someone can't setup nodes to counter-DoS based on orphan resolution (that is, feeding people an invalid transaction based on LegitTxX in order to get anyone relaying LegitTxX banned)
3484 CValidationState stateDummy;
3486 if (tx.AcceptToMemoryPool(stateDummy, true, true, &fMissingInputs2))
3488 printf(" accepted orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
3489 RelayTransaction(tx, inv.hash, vMsg);
3490 mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
3491 vWorkQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
3492 vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
3494 else if (!fMissingInputs2)
3496 // invalid or too-little-fee orphan
3497 vEraseQueue.push_back(inv.hash);
3498 printf(" removed orphan tx %s\n", inv.hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
3503 BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, vEraseQueue)
3504 EraseOrphanTx(hash);
3506 else if (fMissingInputs)
3510 // DoS prevention: do not allow mapOrphanTransactions to grow unbounded
3511 unsigned int nEvicted = LimitOrphanTxSize(MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS);
3513 printf("mapOrphan overflow, removed %u tx\n", nEvicted);
3516 if (state.IsInvalid(nDoS))
3517 pfrom->Misbehaving(nDoS);
3521 else if (strCommand == "block" && !fImporting && !fReindex) // Ignore blocks received while importing
3526 printf("received block %s\n", BlockHashStr(block.GetHash()).c_str());
3529 CInv inv(MSG_BLOCK, block.GetHash());
3530 pfrom->AddInventoryKnown(inv);
3532 CValidationState state;
3533 if (ProcessBlock(state, pfrom, &block))
3534 mapAlreadyAskedFor.erase(inv);
3536 if (state.IsInvalid(nDoS))
3537 pfrom->Misbehaving(nDoS);
3541 else if (strCommand == "getaddr")
3543 pfrom->vAddrToSend.clear();
3544 vector<CAddress> vAddr = addrman.GetAddr();
3545 BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress &addr, vAddr)
3546 pfrom->PushAddress(addr);
3550 else if (strCommand == "mempool")
3552 std::vector<uint256> vtxid;
3553 LOCK2(mempool.cs, pfrom->cs_filter);
3554 mempool.queryHashes(vtxid);
3556 BOOST_FOREACH(uint256& hash, vtxid) {
3557 CInv inv(MSG_TX, hash);
3558 if ((pfrom->pfilter && pfrom->pfilter->IsRelevantAndUpdate(mempool.lookup(hash), hash)) ||
3560 vInv.push_back(inv);
3561 if (vInv.size() == MAX_INV_SZ)
3564 if (vInv.size() > 0)
3565 pfrom->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
3569 else if (strCommand == "ping")
3571 if (pfrom->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
3575 // Echo the message back with the nonce. This allows for two useful features:
3577 // 1) A remote node can quickly check if the connection is operational
3578 // 2) Remote nodes can measure the latency of the network thread. If this node
3579 // is overloaded it won't respond to pings quickly and the remote node can
3580 // avoid sending us more work, like chain download requests.
3582 // The nonce stops the remote getting confused between different pings: without
3583 // it, if the remote node sends a ping once per second and this node takes 5
3584 // seconds to respond to each, the 5th ping the remote sends would appear to
3585 // return very quickly.
3586 pfrom->PushMessage("pong", nonce);
3591 else if (strCommand == "alert")
3596 uint256 alertHash = alert.GetHash();
3597 if (pfrom->setKnown.count(alertHash) == 0)
3599 if (alert.ProcessAlert())
3602 pfrom->setKnown.insert(alertHash);
3605 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
3606 alert.RelayTo(pnode);
3610 // Small DoS penalty so peers that send us lots of
3611 // duplicate/expired/invalid-signature/whatever alerts
3612 // eventually get banned.
3613 // This isn't a Misbehaving(100) (immediate ban) because the
3614 // peer might be an older or different implementation with
3615 // a different signature key, etc.
3616 pfrom->Misbehaving(10);
3622 else if (strCommand == "filterload")
3624 CBloomFilter filter;
3627 if (!filter.IsWithinSizeConstraints())
3628 // There is no excuse for sending a too-large filter
3629 pfrom->Misbehaving(100);
3632 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
3633 delete pfrom->pfilter;
3634 pfrom->pfilter = new CBloomFilter(filter);
3636 pfrom->fRelayTxes = true;
3640 else if (strCommand == "filteradd")
3642 vector<unsigned char> vData;
3645 // Nodes must NEVER send a data item > 520 bytes (the max size for a script data object,
3646 // and thus, the maximum size any matched object can have) in a filteradd message
3647 if (vData.size() > MAX_SCRIPT_ELEMENT_SIZE)
3649 pfrom->Misbehaving(100);
3651 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
3653 pfrom->pfilter->insert(vData);
3655 pfrom->Misbehaving(100);
3660 else if (strCommand == "filterclear")
3662 LOCK(pfrom->cs_filter);
3663 delete pfrom->pfilter;
3664 pfrom->pfilter = NULL;
3665 pfrom->fRelayTxes = true;
3671 // Ignore unknown commands for extensibility
3675 // Update the last seen time for this node's address
3676 if (pfrom->fNetworkNode)
3677 if (strCommand == "version" || strCommand == "addr" || strCommand == "inv" || strCommand == "getdata" || strCommand == "ping")
3678 AddressCurrentlyConnected(pfrom->addr);
3684 bool ProcessMessages(CNode* pfrom)
3686 CDataStream& vRecv = pfrom->vRecv;
3690 // printf("ProcessMessages(%u bytes)\n", vRecv.size());
3694 // (4) message start
3703 // Don't bother if send buffer is too full to respond anyway
3704 if (pfrom->vSend.size() >= SendBufferSize())
3707 // Scan for message start
3708 CDataStream::iterator pstart = search(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.end(), BEGIN(pchMessageStart), END(pchMessageStart));
3709 int nHeaderSize = vRecv.GetSerializeSize(CMessageHeader());
3710 if (vRecv.end() - pstart < nHeaderSize)
3712 if ((int)vRecv.size() > nHeaderSize)
3714 printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE MESSAGESTART NOT FOUND\n\n");
3715 vRecv.erase(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.end() - nHeaderSize);
3719 if (pstart - vRecv.begin() > 0)
3720 printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE SKIPPED %"PRIpdd" BYTES\n\n", pstart - vRecv.begin());
3721 vRecv.erase(vRecv.begin(), pstart);
3724 vector<char> vHeaderSave(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nHeaderSize);
3729 printf("\n\nPROCESSMESSAGE: ERRORS IN HEADER %s\n\n\n", hdr.GetCommand().c_str());
3732 string strCommand = hdr.GetCommand();
3735 unsigned int nMessageSize = hdr.nMessageSize;
3736 if (nMessageSize > MAX_SIZE)
3738 printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : nMessageSize > MAX_SIZE\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize);
3741 if (nMessageSize > vRecv.size())
3743 // Rewind and wait for rest of message
3744 vRecv.insert(vRecv.begin(), vHeaderSave.begin(), vHeaderSave.end());
3749 uint256 hash = Hash(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nMessageSize);
3750 unsigned int nChecksum = 0;
3751 memcpy(&nChecksum, &hash, sizeof(nChecksum));
3752 if (nChecksum != hdr.nChecksum)
3754 printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : CHECKSUM ERROR nChecksum=%08x hdr.nChecksum=%08x\n",
3755 strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, nChecksum, hdr.nChecksum);
3759 // Copy message to its own buffer
3760 CDataStream vMsg(vRecv.begin(), vRecv.begin() + nMessageSize, vRecv.nType, vRecv.nVersion);
3761 vRecv.ignore(nMessageSize);
3769 fRet = ProcessMessage(pfrom, strCommand, vMsg);
3774 catch (std::ios_base::failure& e)
3776 if (strstr(e.what(), "end of data"))
3778 // Allow exceptions from under-length message on vRecv
3779 printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : Exception '%s' caught, normally caused by a message being shorter than its stated length\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, e.what());
3781 else if (strstr(e.what(), "size too large"))
3783 // Allow exceptions from over-long size
3784 printf("ProcessMessages(%s, %u bytes) : Exception '%s' caught\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize, e.what());
3788 PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
3791 catch (std::exception& e) {
3792 PrintExceptionContinue(&e, "ProcessMessages()");
3794 PrintExceptionContinue(NULL, "ProcessMessages()");
3798 printf("ProcessMessage(%s, %u bytes) FAILED\n", strCommand.c_str(), nMessageSize);
3806 bool SendMessages(CNode* pto, bool fSendTrickle)
3808 TRY_LOCK(cs_main, lockMain);
3810 // Don't send anything until we get their version message
3811 if (pto->nVersion == 0)
3814 // Keep-alive ping. We send a nonce of zero because we don't use it anywhere
3816 if (pto->nLastSend && GetTime() - pto->nLastSend > 30 * 60 && pto->vSend.empty()) {
3818 if (pto->nVersion > BIP0031_VERSION)
3819 pto->PushMessage("ping", nonce);
3821 pto->PushMessage("ping");
3824 // Resend wallet transactions that haven't gotten in a block yet
3825 // Except during reindex, importing and IBD, when old wallet
3826 // transactions become unconfirmed and spams other nodes.
3827 if (!fReindex && !fImporting && !IsInitialBlockDownload())
3829 ResendWalletTransactions();
3832 // Address refresh broadcast
3833 static int64 nLastRebroadcast;
3834 if (!IsInitialBlockDownload() && (GetTime() - nLastRebroadcast > 24 * 60 * 60))
3838 BOOST_FOREACH(CNode* pnode, vNodes)
3840 // Periodically clear setAddrKnown to allow refresh broadcasts
3841 if (nLastRebroadcast)
3842 pnode->setAddrKnown.clear();
3844 // Rebroadcast our address
3847 CAddress addr = GetLocalAddress(&pnode->addr);
3848 if (addr.IsRoutable())
3849 pnode->PushAddress(addr);
3853 nLastRebroadcast = GetTime();
3861 vector<CAddress> vAddr;
3862 vAddr.reserve(pto->vAddrToSend.size());
3863 BOOST_FOREACH(const CAddress& addr, pto->vAddrToSend)
3865 // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
3866 if (pto->setAddrKnown.insert(addr).second)
3868 vAddr.push_back(addr);
3869 // receiver rejects addr messages larger than 1000
3870 if (vAddr.size() >= 1000)
3872 pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
3877 pto->vAddrToSend.clear();
3879 pto->PushMessage("addr", vAddr);
3884 // Message: inventory
3887 vector<CInv> vInvWait;
3889 LOCK(pto->cs_inventory);
3890 vInv.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
3891 vInvWait.reserve(pto->vInventoryToSend.size());
3892 BOOST_FOREACH(const CInv& inv, pto->vInventoryToSend)
3894 if (pto->setInventoryKnown.count(inv))
3897 // trickle out tx inv to protect privacy
3898 if (inv.type == MSG_TX && !fSendTrickle)
3900 // 1/4 of tx invs blast to all immediately
3901 static uint256 hashSalt;
3903 hashSalt = GetRandHash();
3904 uint256 hashRand = inv.hash ^ hashSalt;
3905 hashRand = Hash(BEGIN(hashRand), END(hashRand));
3906 bool fTrickleWait = ((hashRand & 3) != 0);
3908 // always trickle our own transactions
3912 if (GetTransaction(inv.hash, wtx))
3914 fTrickleWait = true;
3919 vInvWait.push_back(inv);
3924 // returns true if wasn't already contained in the set
3925 if (pto->setInventoryKnown.insert(inv).second)
3927 vInv.push_back(inv);
3928 if (vInv.size() >= 1000)
3930 pto->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
3935 pto->vInventoryToSend = vInvWait;
3938 pto->PushMessage("inv", vInv);
3944 vector<CInv> vGetData;
3945 int64 nNow = GetTime() * 1000000;
3946 while (!pto->mapAskFor.empty() && (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).first <= nNow)
3948 const CInv& inv = (*pto->mapAskFor.begin()).second;
3949 if (!AlreadyHave(inv))
3952 printf("sending getdata: %s\n", inv.ToString().c_str());
3953 vGetData.push_back(inv);
3954 if (vGetData.size() >= 1000)
3956 pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);
3959 mapAlreadyAskedFor[inv] = nNow;
3961 pto->mapAskFor.erase(pto->mapAskFor.begin());
3963 if (!vGetData.empty())
3964 pto->PushMessage("getdata", vGetData);
3983 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
3988 int static FormatHashBlocks(void* pbuffer, unsigned int len)
3990 unsigned char* pdata = (unsigned char*)pbuffer;
3991 unsigned int blocks = 1 + ((len + 8) / 64);
3992 unsigned char* pend = pdata + 64 * blocks;
3993 memset(pdata + len, 0, 64 * blocks - len);
3995 unsigned int bits = len * 8;
3996 pend[-1] = (bits >> 0) & 0xff;
3997 pend[-2] = (bits >> 8) & 0xff;
3998 pend[-3] = (bits >> 16) & 0xff;
3999 pend[-4] = (bits >> 24) & 0xff;
4003 static const unsigned int pSHA256InitState[8] =
4004 {0x6a09e667, 0xbb67ae85, 0x3c6ef372, 0xa54ff53a, 0x510e527f, 0x9b05688c, 0x1f83d9ab, 0x5be0cd19};
4006 void SHA256Transform(void* pstate, void* pinput, const void* pinit)
4009 unsigned char data[64];
4013 for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
4014 ((uint32_t*)data)[i] = ByteReverse(((uint32_t*)pinput)[i]);
4016 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
4017 ctx.h[i] = ((uint32_t*)pinit)[i];
4019 SHA256_Update(&ctx, data, sizeof(data));
4020 for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
4021 ((uint32_t*)pstate)[i] = ctx.h[i];
4025 // ScanHash scans nonces looking for a hash with at least some zero bits.
4026 // It operates on big endian data. Caller does the byte reversing.
4027 // All input buffers are 16-byte aligned. nNonce is usually preserved
4028 // between calls, but periodically or if nNonce is 0xffff0000 or above,
4029 // the block is rebuilt and nNonce starts over at zero.
4031 unsigned int static ScanHash_CryptoPP(char* pmidstate, char* pdata, char* phash1, char* phash, unsigned int& nHashesDone)
4033 unsigned int& nNonce = *(unsigned int*)(pdata + 12);
4037 // Hash pdata using pmidstate as the starting state into
4038 // pre-formatted buffer phash1, then hash phash1 into phash
4040 SHA256Transform(phash1, pdata, pmidstate);
4041 SHA256Transform(phash, phash1, pSHA256InitState);
4043 // Return the nonce if the hash has at least some zero bits,
4044 // caller will check if it has enough to reach the target
4045 if (((unsigned short*)phash)[14] == 0)
4048 // If nothing found after trying for a while, return -1
4049 if ((nNonce & 0xffff) == 0)
4051 nHashesDone = 0xffff+1;
4052 return (unsigned int) -1;
4057 // Some explaining would be appreciated
4062 set<uint256> setDependsOn;
4066 COrphan(CTransaction* ptxIn)
4069 dPriority = dFeePerKb = 0;
4074 printf("COrphan(hash=%s, dPriority=%.1f, dFeePerKb=%.1f)\n",
4075 ptx->GetHash().ToString().substr(0,10).c_str(), dPriority, dFeePerKb);
4076 BOOST_FOREACH(uint256 hash, setDependsOn)
4077 printf(" setDependsOn %s\n", hash.ToString().substr(0,10).c_str());
4082 uint64 nLastBlockTx = 0;
4083 uint64 nLastBlockSize = 0;
4085 // We want to sort transactions by priority and fee, so:
4086 typedef boost::tuple<double, double, CTransaction*> TxPriority;
4087 class TxPriorityCompare
4091 TxPriorityCompare(bool _byFee) : byFee(_byFee) { }
4092 bool operator()(const TxPriority& a, const TxPriority& b)
4096 if (a.get<1>() == b.get<1>())
4097 return a.get<0>() < b.get<0>();
4098 return a.get<1>() < b.get<1>();
4102 if (a.get<0>() == b.get<0>())
4103 return a.get<1>() < b.get<1>();
4104 return a.get<0>() < b.get<0>();
4109 CBlockTemplate* CreateNewBlock(CReserveKey& reservekey)
4112 auto_ptr<CBlockTemplate> pblocktemplate(new CBlockTemplate());
4113 if(!pblocktemplate.get())
4115 CBlock *pblock = &pblocktemplate->block; // pointer for convenience
4117 // Create coinbase tx
4119 txNew.vin.resize(1);
4120 txNew.vin[0].prevout.SetNull();
4121 txNew.vout.resize(1);
4122 txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey << reservekey.GetReservedKey() << OP_CHECKSIG;
4124 // Add our coinbase tx as first transaction
4125 pblock->vtx.push_back(txNew);
4126 pblocktemplate->vTxFees.push_back(-1); // updated at end
4127 pblocktemplate->vTxSigOps.push_back(-1); // updated at end
4129 // Largest block you're willing to create:
4130 unsigned int nBlockMaxSize = GetArg("-blockmaxsize", MAX_BLOCK_SIZE_GEN/2);
4131 // Limit to betweeen 1K and MAX_BLOCK_SIZE-1K for sanity:
4132 nBlockMaxSize = std::max((unsigned int)1000, std::min((unsigned int)(MAX_BLOCK_SIZE-1000), nBlockMaxSize));
4134 // How much of the block should be dedicated to high-priority transactions,
4135 // included regardless of the fees they pay
4136 unsigned int nBlockPrioritySize = GetArg("-blockprioritysize", 27000);
4137 nBlockPrioritySize = std::min(nBlockMaxSize, nBlockPrioritySize);
4139 // Minimum block size you want to create; block will be filled with free transactions
4140 // until there are no more or the block reaches this size:
4141 unsigned int nBlockMinSize = GetArg("-blockminsize", 0);
4142 nBlockMinSize = std::min(nBlockMaxSize, nBlockMinSize);
4144 // Fee-per-kilobyte amount considered the same as "free"
4145 // Be careful setting this: if you set it to zero then
4146 // a transaction spammer can cheaply fill blocks using
4147 // 1-satoshi-fee transactions. It should be set above the real
4148 // cost to you of processing a transaction.
4149 int64 nMinTxFee = MIN_TX_FEE;
4150 if (mapArgs.count("-mintxfee"))
4151 ParseMoney(mapArgs["-mintxfee"], nMinTxFee);
4153 // Collect memory pool transactions into the block
4156 LOCK2(cs_main, mempool.cs);
4157 CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;
4158 CCoinsViewCache view(*pcoinsTip, true);
4160 // Priority order to process transactions
4161 list<COrphan> vOrphan; // list memory doesn't move
4162 map<uint256, vector<COrphan*> > mapDependers;
4163 bool fPrintPriority = GetBoolArg("-printpriority");
4165 // This vector will be sorted into a priority queue:
4166 vector<TxPriority> vecPriority;
4167 vecPriority.reserve(mempool.mapTx.size());
4168 for (map<uint256, CTransaction>::iterator mi = mempool.mapTx.begin(); mi != mempool.mapTx.end(); ++mi)
4170 CTransaction& tx = (*mi).second;
4171 if (tx.IsCoinBase() || !tx.IsFinal())
4174 COrphan* porphan = NULL;
4175 double dPriority = 0;
4177 bool fMissingInputs = false;
4178 BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
4180 // Read prev transaction
4182 if (!view.GetCoins(txin.prevout.hash, coins))
4184 // This should never happen; all transactions in the memory
4185 // pool should connect to either transactions in the chain
4186 // or other transactions in the memory pool.
4187 if (!mempool.mapTx.count(txin.prevout.hash))
4189 printf("ERROR: mempool transaction missing input\n");
4190 if (fDebug) assert("mempool transaction missing input" == 0);
4191 fMissingInputs = true;
4197 // Has to wait for dependencies
4200 // Use list for automatic deletion
4201 vOrphan.push_back(COrphan(&tx));
4202 porphan = &vOrphan.back();
4204 mapDependers[txin.prevout.hash].push_back(porphan);
4205 porphan->setDependsOn.insert(txin.prevout.hash);
4206 nTotalIn += mempool.mapTx[txin.prevout.hash].vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
4210 int64 nValueIn = coins.vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
4211 nTotalIn += nValueIn;
4213 int nConf = pindexPrev->nHeight - coins.nHeight + 1;
4215 dPriority += (double)nValueIn * nConf;
4217 if (fMissingInputs) continue;
4219 // Priority is sum(valuein * age) / txsize
4220 unsigned int nTxSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
4221 dPriority /= nTxSize;
4223 // This is a more accurate fee-per-kilobyte than is used by the client code, because the
4224 // client code rounds up the size to the nearest 1K. That's good, because it gives an
4225 // incentive to create smaller transactions.
4226 double dFeePerKb = double(nTotalIn-tx.GetValueOut()) / (double(nTxSize)/1000.0);
4230 porphan->dPriority = dPriority;
4231 porphan->dFeePerKb = dFeePerKb;
4234 vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(dPriority, dFeePerKb, &(*mi).second));
4237 // Collect transactions into block
4238 uint64 nBlockSize = 1000;
4239 uint64 nBlockTx = 0;
4240 int nBlockSigOps = 100;
4241 bool fSortedByFee = (nBlockPrioritySize <= 0);
4243 TxPriorityCompare comparer(fSortedByFee);
4244 std::make_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
4246 while (!vecPriority.empty())
4248 // Take highest priority transaction off the priority queue:
4249 double dPriority = vecPriority.front().get<0>();
4250 double dFeePerKb = vecPriority.front().get<1>();
4251 CTransaction& tx = *(vecPriority.front().get<2>());
4253 std::pop_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
4254 vecPriority.pop_back();
4256 // second layer cached modifications just for this transaction
4257 CCoinsViewCache viewTemp(view, true);
4260 unsigned int nTxSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
4261 if (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMaxSize)
4264 // Legacy limits on sigOps:
4265 unsigned int nTxSigOps = tx.GetLegacySigOpCount();
4266 if (nBlockSigOps + nTxSigOps >= MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
4269 // Skip free transactions if we're past the minimum block size:
4270 if (fSortedByFee && (dFeePerKb < nMinTxFee) && (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMinSize))
4273 // Prioritize by fee once past the priority size or we run out of high-priority
4275 if (!fSortedByFee &&
4276 ((nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockPrioritySize) || (dPriority < COIN * 144 / 250)))
4278 fSortedByFee = true;
4279 comparer = TxPriorityCompare(fSortedByFee);
4280 std::make_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
4283 if (!tx.HaveInputs(viewTemp))
4286 int64 nTxFees = tx.GetValueIn(viewTemp)-tx.GetValueOut();
4288 nTxSigOps += tx.GetP2SHSigOpCount(viewTemp);
4289 if (nBlockSigOps + nTxSigOps >= MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
4292 CValidationState state;
4293 if (!tx.CheckInputs(state, viewTemp, true, SCRIPT_VERIFY_P2SH))
4297 uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
4298 if (!tx.UpdateCoins(state, viewTemp, txundo, pindexPrev->nHeight+1, hash))
4301 // push changes from the second layer cache to the first one
4305 pblock->vtx.push_back(tx);
4306 pblocktemplate->vTxFees.push_back(nTxFees);
4307 pblocktemplate->vTxSigOps.push_back(nTxSigOps);
4308 nBlockSize += nTxSize;
4310 nBlockSigOps += nTxSigOps;
4315 printf("priority %.1f feeperkb %.1f txid %s\n",
4316 dPriority, dFeePerKb, tx.GetHash().ToString().c_str());
4319 // Add transactions that depend on this one to the priority queue
4320 if (mapDependers.count(hash))
4322 BOOST_FOREACH(COrphan* porphan, mapDependers[hash])
4324 if (!porphan->setDependsOn.empty())
4326 porphan->setDependsOn.erase(hash);
4327 if (porphan->setDependsOn.empty())
4329 vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(porphan->dPriority, porphan->dFeePerKb, porphan->ptx));
4330 std::push_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
4337 nLastBlockTx = nBlockTx;
4338 nLastBlockSize = nBlockSize;
4339 printf("CreateNewBlock(): total size %"PRI64u"\n", nBlockSize);
4341 pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].nValue = GetBlockValue(pindexPrev->nHeight+1, nFees);
4342 pblocktemplate->vTxFees[0] = -nFees;
4345 pblock->hashPrevBlock = pindexPrev->GetBlockHash();
4346 pblock->UpdateTime(pindexPrev);
4347 pblock->nBits = GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev, pblock);
4349 pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << OP_0 << OP_0;
4350 pblocktemplate->vTxSigOps[0] = pblock->vtx[0].GetLegacySigOpCount();
4352 CBlockIndex indexDummy(*pblock);
4353 indexDummy.pprev = pindexPrev;
4354 indexDummy.nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight + 1;
4355 CCoinsViewCache viewNew(*pcoinsTip, true);
4356 CValidationState state;
4357 if (!pblock->ConnectBlock(state, &indexDummy, viewNew, true))
4358 throw std::runtime_error("CreateNewBlock() : ConnectBlock failed");
4361 return pblocktemplate.release();
4365 void IncrementExtraNonce(CBlock* pblock, CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, unsigned int& nExtraNonce)
4367 // Update nExtraNonce
4368 static uint256 hashPrevBlock;
4369 if (hashPrevBlock != pblock->hashPrevBlock)
4372 hashPrevBlock = pblock->hashPrevBlock;
4375 unsigned int nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight+1; // Height first in coinbase required for block.version=2
4376 pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig = (CScript() << nHeight << CBigNum(nExtraNonce)) + COINBASE_FLAGS;
4377 assert(pblock->vtx[0].vin[0].scriptSig.size() <= 100);
4379 pblock->hashMerkleRoot = pblock->BuildMerkleTree();
4383 void FormatHashBuffers(CBlock* pblock, char* pmidstate, char* pdata, char* phash1)
4386 // Pre-build hash buffers
4393 uint256 hashPrevBlock;
4394 uint256 hashMerkleRoot;
4397 unsigned int nNonce;
4400 unsigned char pchPadding0[64];
4402 unsigned char pchPadding1[64];
4405 memset(&tmp, 0, sizeof(tmp));
4407 tmp.block.nVersion = pblock->nVersion;
4408 tmp.block.hashPrevBlock = pblock->hashPrevBlock;
4409 tmp.block.hashMerkleRoot = pblock->hashMerkleRoot;
4410 tmp.block.nTime = pblock->nTime;
4411 tmp.block.nBits = pblock->nBits;
4412 tmp.block.nNonce = pblock->nNonce;
4414 FormatHashBlocks(&tmp.block, sizeof(tmp.block));
4415 FormatHashBlocks(&tmp.hash1, sizeof(tmp.hash1));
4417 // Byte swap all the input buffer
4418 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(tmp)/4; i++)
4419 ((unsigned int*)&tmp)[i] = ByteReverse(((unsigned int*)&tmp)[i]);
4421 // Precalc the first half of the first hash, which stays constant
4422 SHA256Transform(pmidstate, &tmp.block, pSHA256InitState);
4424 memcpy(pdata, &tmp.block, 128);
4425 memcpy(phash1, &tmp.hash1, 64);
4429 bool CheckWork(CBlock* pblock, CWallet& wallet, CReserveKey& reservekey)
4431 uint256 hash = pblock->GetHash();
4432 uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();
4434 if (hash > hashTarget)
4438 printf("BitcoinMiner:\n");
4439 printf("proof-of-work found \n hash: %s \ntarget: %s\n", hash.GetHex().c_str(), hashTarget.GetHex().c_str());
4441 printf("generated %s\n", FormatMoney(pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].nValue).c_str());
4446 if (pblock->hashPrevBlock != hashBestChain)
4447 return error("BitcoinMiner : generated block is stale");
4449 // Remove key from key pool
4450 reservekey.KeepKey();
4452 // Track how many getdata requests this block gets
4454 LOCK(wallet.cs_wallet);
4455 wallet.mapRequestCount[pblock->GetHash()] = 0;
4458 // Process this block the same as if we had received it from another node
4459 CValidationState state;
4460 if (!ProcessBlock(state, NULL, pblock))
4461 return error("BitcoinMiner : ProcessBlock, block not accepted");
4467 void static ThreadBitcoinMiner(void* parg);
4469 static bool fGenerateBitcoins = false;
4470 static bool fLimitProcessors = false;
4471 static int nLimitProcessors = -1;
4473 void static BitcoinMiner(CWallet *pwallet)
4475 printf("BitcoinMiner started\n");
4476 SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
4478 // Make this thread recognisable as the mining thread
4479 RenameThread("bitcoin-miner");
4481 // Each thread has its own key and counter
4482 CReserveKey reservekey(pwallet);
4483 unsigned int nExtraNonce = 0;
4485 while (fGenerateBitcoins)
4489 while (vNodes.empty() || IsInitialBlockDownload())
4494 if (!fGenerateBitcoins)
4502 unsigned int nTransactionsUpdatedLast = nTransactionsUpdated;
4503 CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = pindexBest;
4505 auto_ptr<CBlockTemplate> pblocktemplate(CreateNewBlock(reservekey));
4506 if (!pblocktemplate.get())
4508 CBlock *pblock = &pblocktemplate->block;
4509 IncrementExtraNonce(pblock, pindexPrev, nExtraNonce);
4511 printf("Running BitcoinMiner with %"PRIszu" transactions in block (%u bytes)\n", pblock->vtx.size(),
4512 ::GetSerializeSize(*pblock, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION));
4516 // Pre-build hash buffers
4518 char pmidstatebuf[32+16]; char* pmidstate = alignup<16>(pmidstatebuf);
4519 char pdatabuf[128+16]; char* pdata = alignup<16>(pdatabuf);
4520 char phash1buf[64+16]; char* phash1 = alignup<16>(phash1buf);
4522 FormatHashBuffers(pblock, pmidstate, pdata, phash1);
4524 unsigned int& nBlockTime = *(unsigned int*)(pdata + 64 + 4);
4525 unsigned int& nBlockBits = *(unsigned int*)(pdata + 64 + 8);
4526 unsigned int& nBlockNonce = *(unsigned int*)(pdata + 64 + 12);
4532 int64 nStart = GetTime();
4533 uint256 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();
4535 uint256& hash = *alignup<16>(hashbuf);
4538 unsigned int nHashesDone = 0;
4539 unsigned int nNonceFound;
4542 nNonceFound = ScanHash_CryptoPP(pmidstate, pdata + 64, phash1,
4543 (char*)&hash, nHashesDone);
4545 // Check if something found
4546 if (nNonceFound != (unsigned int) -1)
4548 for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(hash)/4; i++)
4549 ((unsigned int*)&hash)[i] = ByteReverse(((unsigned int*)&hash)[i]);
4551 if (hash <= hashTarget)
4554 pblock->nNonce = ByteReverse(nNonceFound);
4555 assert(hash == pblock->GetHash());
4557 SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
4558 CheckWork(pblock, *pwalletMain, reservekey);
4559 SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
4565 static int64 nHashCounter;
4566 if (nHPSTimerStart == 0)
4568 nHPSTimerStart = GetTimeMillis();
4572 nHashCounter += nHashesDone;
4573 if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 4000)
4575 static CCriticalSection cs;
4578 if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 4000)
4580 dHashesPerSec = 1000.0 * nHashCounter / (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart);
4581 nHPSTimerStart = GetTimeMillis();
4583 static int64 nLogTime;
4584 if (GetTime() - nLogTime > 30 * 60)
4586 nLogTime = GetTime();
4587 printf("hashmeter %3d CPUs %6.0f khash/s\n", vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER], dHashesPerSec/1000.0);
4593 // Check for stop or if block needs to be rebuilt
4596 if (!fGenerateBitcoins)
4598 if (fLimitProcessors && vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER] > nLimitProcessors)
4602 if (nBlockNonce >= 0xffff0000)
4604 if (nTransactionsUpdated != nTransactionsUpdatedLast && GetTime() - nStart > 60)
4606 if (pindexPrev != pindexBest)
4609 // Update nTime every few seconds
4610 pblock->UpdateTime(pindexPrev);
4611 nBlockTime = ByteReverse(pblock->nTime);
4614 // Changing pblock->nTime can change work required on testnet:
4615 nBlockBits = ByteReverse(pblock->nBits);
4616 hashTarget = CBigNum().SetCompact(pblock->nBits).getuint256();
4622 void static ThreadBitcoinMiner(void* parg)
4624 CWallet* pwallet = (CWallet*)parg;
4627 vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]++;
4628 BitcoinMiner(pwallet);
4629 vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]--;
4631 catch (std::exception& e) {
4632 vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]--;
4633 PrintException(&e, "ThreadBitcoinMiner()");
4635 vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]--;
4636 PrintException(NULL, "ThreadBitcoinMiner()");
4639 if (vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER] == 0)
4641 printf("ThreadBitcoinMiner exiting, %d threads remaining\n", vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER]);
4645 void GenerateBitcoins(bool fGenerate, CWallet* pwallet)
4647 fGenerateBitcoins = fGenerate;
4648 nLimitProcessors = GetArg("-genproclimit", -1);
4649 if (nLimitProcessors == 0)
4650 fGenerateBitcoins = false;
4651 fLimitProcessors = (nLimitProcessors != -1);
4655 int nProcessors = boost::thread::hardware_concurrency();
4656 printf("%d processors\n", nProcessors);
4657 if (nProcessors < 1)
4659 if (fLimitProcessors && nProcessors > nLimitProcessors)
4660 nProcessors = nLimitProcessors;
4661 int nAddThreads = nProcessors - vnThreadsRunning[THREAD_MINER];
4662 printf("Starting %d BitcoinMiner threads\n", nAddThreads);
4663 for (int i = 0; i < nAddThreads; i++)
4665 if (!NewThread(ThreadBitcoinMiner, pwallet))
4666 printf("Error: NewThread(ThreadBitcoinMiner) failed\n");
4672 // Amount compression:
4673 // * If the amount is 0, output 0
4674 // * first, divide the amount (in base units) by the largest power of 10 possible; call the exponent e (e is max 9)
4675 // * if e<9, the last digit of the resulting number cannot be 0; store it as d, and drop it (divide by 10)
4676 // * call the result n
4677 // * output 1 + 10*(9*n + d - 1) + e
4678 // * if e==9, we only know the resulting number is not zero, so output 1 + 10*(n - 1) + 9
4679 // (this is decodable, as d is in [1-9] and e is in [0-9])
4681 uint64 CTxOutCompressor::CompressAmount(uint64 n)
4686 while (((n % 10) == 0) && e < 9) {
4692 assert(d >= 1 && d <= 9);
4694 return 1 + (n*9 + d - 1)*10 + e;
4696 return 1 + (n - 1)*10 + 9;
4700 uint64 CTxOutCompressor::DecompressAmount(uint64 x)
4702 // x = 0 OR x = 1+10*(9*n + d - 1) + e OR x = 1+10*(n - 1) + 9
4706 // x = 10*(9*n + d - 1) + e
4712 int d = (x % 9) + 1;