1 // Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
2 // Copyright (c) 2009-2014 The Bitcoin Core developers
3 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
4 // file COPYING or https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php .
6 #ifndef BITCOIN_MERKLEBLOCK_H
7 #define BITCOIN_MERKLEBLOCK_H
11 #include "primitives/block.h"
16 /** Data structure that represents a partial merkle tree.
18 * It represents a subset of the txid's of a known block, in a way that
19 * allows recovery of the list of txid's and the merkle root, in an
22 * The encoding works as follows: we traverse the tree in depth-first order,
23 * storing a bit for each traversed node, signifying whether the node is the
24 * parent of at least one matched leaf txid (or a matched txid itself). In
25 * case we are at the leaf level, or this bit is 0, its merkle node hash is
26 * stored, and its children are not explorer further. Otherwise, no hash is
27 * stored, but we recurse into both (or the only) child branch. During
28 * decoding, the same depth-first traversal is performed, consuming bits and
29 * hashes as they written during encoding.
31 * The serialization is fixed and provides a hard guarantee about the
34 * SIZE <= 10 + ceil(32.25*N)
36 * Where N represents the number of leaf nodes of the partial tree. N itself
39 * N <= total_transactions
40 * N <= 1 + matched_transactions*tree_height
42 * The serialization format:
43 * - uint32 total_transactions (4 bytes)
44 * - varint number of hashes (1-3 bytes)
45 * - uint256[] hashes in depth-first order (<= 32*N bytes)
46 * - varint number of bytes of flag bits (1-3 bytes)
47 * - byte[] flag bits, packed per 8 in a byte, least significant bit first (<= 2*N-1 bits)
48 * The size constraints follow from this.
50 class CPartialMerkleTree
53 /** the total number of transactions in the block */
54 unsigned int nTransactions;
56 /** node-is-parent-of-matched-txid bits */
57 std::vector<bool> vBits;
59 /** txids and internal hashes */
60 std::vector<uint256> vHash;
62 /** flag set when encountering invalid data */
65 /** helper function to efficiently calculate the number of nodes at given height in the merkle tree */
66 unsigned int CalcTreeWidth(int height) {
67 return (nTransactions+(1 << height)-1) >> height;
70 /** calculate the hash of a node in the merkle tree (at leaf level: the txid itself) */
71 uint256 CalcHash(int height, unsigned int pos, const std::vector<uint256> &vTxid);
73 /** recursive function that traverses tree nodes, storing the data as bits and hashes */
74 void TraverseAndBuild(int height, unsigned int pos, const std::vector<uint256> &vTxid, const std::vector<bool> &vMatch);
77 * recursive function that traverses tree nodes, consuming the bits and hashes produced by TraverseAndBuild.
78 * it returns the hash of the respective node.
80 uint256 TraverseAndExtract(int height, unsigned int pos, unsigned int &nBitsUsed, unsigned int &nHashUsed, std::vector<uint256> &vMatch);
84 /** serialization implementation */
85 ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;
87 template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
88 inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action) {
89 READWRITE(nTransactions);
91 std::vector<unsigned char> vBytes;
92 if (ser_action.ForRead()) {
94 CPartialMerkleTree &us = *(const_cast<CPartialMerkleTree*>(this));
95 us.vBits.resize(vBytes.size() * 8);
96 for (unsigned int p = 0; p < us.vBits.size(); p++)
97 us.vBits[p] = (vBytes[p / 8] & (1 << (p % 8))) != 0;
100 vBytes.resize((vBits.size()+7)/8);
101 for (unsigned int p = 0; p < vBits.size(); p++)
102 vBytes[p / 8] |= vBits[p] << (p % 8);
107 /** Construct a partial merkle tree from a list of transaction ids, and a mask that selects a subset of them */
108 CPartialMerkleTree(const std::vector<uint256> &vTxid, const std::vector<bool> &vMatch);
110 CPartialMerkleTree();
113 * extract the matching txid's represented by this partial merkle tree.
114 * returns the merkle root, or 0 in case of failure
116 uint256 ExtractMatches(std::vector<uint256> &vMatch);
121 * Used to relay blocks as header + vector<merkle branch>
127 /** Public only for unit testing */
129 CPartialMerkleTree txn;
132 /** Public only for unit testing and relay testing (not relayed) */
133 std::vector<std::pair<unsigned int, uint256> > vMatchedTxn;
136 * Create from a CBlock, filtering transactions according to filter
137 * Note that this will call IsRelevantAndUpdate on the filter for each transaction,
138 * thus the filter will likely be modified.
140 CMerkleBlock(const CBlock& block, CBloomFilter& filter);
142 // Create from a CBlock, matching the txids in the set
143 CMerkleBlock(const CBlock& block, const std::set<uint256>& txids);
147 ADD_SERIALIZE_METHODS;
149 template <typename Stream, typename Operation>
150 inline void SerializationOp(Stream& s, Operation ser_action) {
156 #endif // BITCOIN_MERKLEBLOCK_H