1 Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International
3 Creative Commons Corporation (“Creative Commons”) is not a law firm
4 anddoes not provide legal services or legal advice. Distribution of Creative
5 Commons public licenses does not create a lawyer-client or other
6 relationship. Creative Commons makes its licenses and related information
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8 regarding its licenses, any material licensed under their terms and
9 conditions, or any related information. Creative Commons disclaims all
10 liability for damages resulting from their use to the fullest extent possible.
12 Using Creative Commons Public Licenses
14 Creative Commons public licenses provide a standard set of terms and
15 conditions that creators and other rights holders may use to share original
16 works of authorship and other material subject to copyright and certain other
17 rights specified in the public license below. The following considerations are
18 for informational purposes only, are not exhaustive, and do not form part of
21 Considerations for licensors: Our public licenses are intended for use by
22 those authorized to give the public permission to use material in ways otherwise
23 restricted by copyright and certain other rights. Our licenses are irrevocable.
24 Licensors should read and understand the terms and conditions of the license they
25 choose before applying it. Licensors should also secure all rights necessary
26 before applying our licenses so that the public can reuse the material as expected.
27 Licensors should clearly mark any material not subject to the license. This
28 includes other CC-licensed material, or material used under an exception or
29 limitation to copyright. More considerations for licensors.
31 Considerations for the public: By using one of our public licenses, a licensor
32 grants the public permission to use the licensed material under specified terms
33 and conditions. If the licensor’s permission is not necessary for any reason–for
34 example, because of any applicable exception or limitation to copyright–then that
35 use is not regulated by the license. Our licenses grant only permissions under
36 copyright and certain other rights that a licensor has authority to grant. Use of
37 the licensed material may still be restricted for other reasons, including because
38 others have copyright or other rights in the material. A licensor may make special
39 requests, such as asking that all changes be marked or described. Although not
40 required by our licenses, you are encouraged to respect those requests where
41 reasonable. More considerations for the public.
45 By exercising the Licensed Rights (defined below), You accept and agree to be
46 bound by the terms and conditions of this Creative Commons Attribution-
47 NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License ("Public License").
48 To the extent this Public License may be interpreted as a contract, You are
49 granted the Licensed Rights in consideration of Your acceptance of these terms
50 and conditions, and the Licensor grants You such rights in consideration of
51 benefits the Licensor receives from making the Licensed Material available under
52 these terms and conditions.
54 Section 1 – Definitions.
56 a. Adapted Material means material subject to Copyright and Similar Rights
57 that is derived from or based upon the Licensed Material and in which the
58 Licensed Material is translated, altered, arranged, transformed, or otherwise
59 modified in a manner requiring permission under the Copyright and Similar Rights
60 held by the Licensor. For purposes of this Public License, where the Licensed
61 Material is a musical work, performance, or sound recording, Adapted Material
62 is always produced where the Licensed Material is synched in timed relation
65 b. Adapter's License means the license You apply to Your Copyright and Similar
66 Rights in Your contributions to Adapted Material in accordance with the terms and
67 conditions of this Public License.
69 c. BY-NC-SA Compatible License means a license listed at creativecommons.org/
70 compatiblelicenses, approved by Creative Commons as essentially the equivalent
71 of this Public License.
73 d. Copyright and Similar Rights means copyright and/or similar rights closely
74 related to copyright including, without limitation, performance, broadcast,
75 sound recording, and Sui Generis Database Rights, without regard to how the
76 rights are labeled or categorized. For purposes of this Public License, the
77 rights specified in Section 2(b)(1)-(2) are not Copyright and Similar Rights.
79 e. Effective Technological Measures means those measures that, in the absence
80 of proper authority, may not be circumvented under laws fulfilling obligations
81 under Article 11 of the WIPO Copyright Treaty adopted on December 20, 1996,
82 and/or similar international agreements.
84 f. Exceptions and Limitations means fair use, fair dealing, and/or any other
85 exception or limitation to Copyright and Similar Rights that applies to Your
86 use of the Licensed Material.
88 g. License Elements means the license attributes listed in the name of a
89 Creative Commons Public License. The License Elements of this Public License
90 are Attribution, NonCommercial, and ShareAlike.
92 h. Licensed Material means the artistic or literary work, database, or
93 other material to which the Licensor applied this Public License.
95 i. Licensed Rights means the rights granted to You subject to the terms and
96 conditions of this Public License, which are limited to all Copyright and Similar
97 Rights that apply to Your use of the Licensed Material and that the Licensor
98 has authority to license.
100 j. Licensor means the individual(s) or entity(ies) granting rights under
103 k. NonCommercial means not primarily intended for or directed towards commercial
104 advantage or monetary compensation. For purposes of this Public License, the
105 exchange of the Licensed Material for other material subject to Copyright and
106 Similar Rights by digital file-sharing or similar means is NonCommercial provided
107 there is no payment of monetary compensation in connection with the exchange.
109 l. Share means to provide material to the public by any means or process that
110 requires permission under the Licensed Rights, such as reproduction, public
111 display, public performance, distribution, dissemination, communication, or
112 importation, and to make material available to the public including in ways that
113 members of the public may access the material from a place and at a time
114 individually chosen by them.
116 m. Sui Generis Database Rights means rights other than copyright resulting from
117 Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996
118 on the legal protection of databases, as amended and/or succeeded, as well as
119 other essentially equivalent rights anywhere in the world.
121 n. You means the individual or entity exercising the Licensed Rights under this
122 Public License. Your has a corresponding meaning.
128 1. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Public License, the Licensor
129 hereby grants You a worldwide, royaltyfree, non-sublicensable, non-exclusive,
130 irrevocable license to exercise the Licensed Rights in the Licensed Material to:
132 1. reproduce and Share the Licensed Material, in whole or in part, for
133 NonCommercial purposes only; and
135 2. produce, reproduce, and Share Adapted Material for NonCommercial
138 2. Exceptions and Limitations. For the avoidance of doubt, where Exceptions and
139 Limitations apply to Your use, this Public License does not apply, and You do not
140 need to comply with its terms and conditions.
142 3. Term. The term of this Public License is specified in Section 6(a).
144 4. Media and formats; technical modifications allowed. The Licensor authorizes
145 You to exercise the Licensed Rights in all media and formats whether now known
146 or hereafter created, and to make technical modifications necessary to do so.
147 The Licensor waives and/or agrees not to assert any right or authority to forbid
148 You from making technical modifications necessary to exercise the Licensed
149 Rights, including technical modifications necessary to circumvent Effective
150 Technological Measures. For purposes of this Public License, simply making
151 modifications authorized by this Section 2(a)(4) never produces Adapted Material.
153 5. Downstream recipients.
155 1. Offer from the Licensor – Licensed Material. Every recipient of the
156 Licensed Material automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to
157 exercise the Licensed Rights under the terms and conditions of this Public
160 2. Additional offer from the Licensor – Adapted Material. Every recipient of
161 Adapted Material from You automatically receives an offer from the Licensor to
162 exercise the Licensed Rights in the Adapted Material under the conditions of
163 the Adapter’s License You apply.
165 3. No downstream restrictions. You may not offer or impose any additional or
166 different terms or conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological
167 Measures to, the Licensed Material if doing so restricts exercise of the
168 Licensed Rights by any recipient of the Licensed Material.
170 6. No endorsement. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be
171 construed as permission to assert or imply that You are, or that Your use of the
172 Licensed Material is, connected with, or sponsored, endorsed, or granted
173 official status by, the Licensor or others designated to receive attribution as
174 provided in Section 3(a)(1)(A)(i).
178 1. Moral rights, such as the right of integrity, are not licensed under this
179 Public License, nor are publicity, privacy, and/or other similar personality
180 rights; however, to the extent possible, the Licensor waives and/or agrees not
181 to assert any such rights held by the Licensor to the limited extent necessary
182 to allow You to exercise the Licensed Rights, but not otherwise.
184 2. Patent and trademark rights are not licensed under this Public License.
186 3. To the extent possible, the Licensor waives any right to collect royalties
187 from You for the exercise of the Licensed Rights, whether directly or through a
188 collecting society under any voluntary or waivable statutory or compulsory
189 licensing scheme. In all other cases the Licensor expressly reserves any right
190 to collect such royalties, including when the Licensed Material is used other
191 than for NonCommercial purposes.
193 Section 3 – License Conditions
195 Your exercise of the Licensed Rights is expressly made subject to the following
200 1. If You Share the Licensed Material (including in modified form), You must:
202 1. retain the following if it is supplied by the Licensor with the Licensed
205 1. identification of the creator(s) of the Licensed Material and any
206 others designated to receive attribution, in any reasonable manner requested
207 by the Licensor (including by pseudonym if designated);
209 2. a copyright notice;
211 3. a notice that refers to this Public License;
213 4. a notice that refers to the disclaimer of warranties;
215 5. a URI or hyperlink to the Licensed Material to the extent reasonably
218 2. indicate if You modified the Licensed Material and retain an indication
219 of any previous modifications; and
221 3. indicate the Licensed Material is licensed under this Public License, and
222 include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, this Public License.
226 In addition to the conditions in Section 3(a), if You Share Adapted Material
227 You produce, the following conditions also apply.
229 1. The Adapter’s License You apply must be a Creative Commons license with
230 the same License Elements, this version or later, or a BY-NC-SA Compatible
233 2. You must include the text of, or the URI or hyperlink to, the Adapter's
234 License You apply. You may satisfy this condition in any reasonable manner
235 based on the medium, means, and context in which You Share Adapted Material.
237 3. You may not offer or impose any additional or different terms or
238 conditions on, or apply any Effective Technological Measures to, Adapted
239 Material that restrict exercise of the rights granted under the Adapter's
242 Section 4 – Sui Generis Database Rights.
244 Where the Licensed Rights include Sui Generis Database Rights that apply to Your
245 use of the Licensed Material:
247 1. for the avoidance of doubt, Section 2(a)(1) grants You the right to extract,
248 reuse, reproduce, and Share all or a substantial portion of the contents of the
249 database for NonCommercial purposes only;
251 2. if You include all or a substantial portion of the database contents in a
252 database in which You have Sui Generis Database Rights, then the database in which
253 You have Sui Generis Database Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted
254 Material, including for purposes of Section 3(b); and
256 3. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share all or a
257 substantial portion of the contents of the database.
259 For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not replace Your
260 obligations under this Public License where the Licensed Rights include other
261 Copyright and Similar Rights.
263 Section 5 – Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
265 1. Unless otherwise separately undertaken by the Licensor, to the extent
266 possible, the Licensor offers the Licensed Material as-is and as-available, and
267 makes no representations or warranties of any kind concerning the Licensed
268 Material, whether express, implied, statutory, or other. This includes, without
269 limitation, warranties of title, merchantability, fitness for a particular
270 purpose, non-infringement, absence of latent or other defects, accuracy, or the
271 presence or absence of errors, whether or not known or discoverable. Where
272 disclaimers of warranties are not allowed in full or in part, this disclaimer may
275 2. To the extent possible, in no event will the Licensor be liable to You on any
276 legal theory (including, without limitation, negligence) or otherwise for any
277 direct, special, indirect, incidental, consequential, punitive, exemplary, or
278 other losses, costs, expenses, or damages arising out of this Public License or
279 use of the Licensed Material, even if the Licensor has been advised of the
280 possibility of such losses, costs, expenses, or damages. Where a limitation of
281 liability is not allowed in full or in part, this limitation may not apply to You.
283 3. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided above shall
284 be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent possible, most closely approximates
285 an absolute disclaimer and waiver of all liability.
287 Section 6 – Term and Termination
289 1. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and Similar Rights
290 licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with this Public License, then Your
291 rights under this Public License terminate automatically.
293 2. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under Section
296 1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided it is cured
297 within 30 days of Your discovery of the violation; or
299 2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor
301 For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any right the
302 Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations of this Public License.
304 3. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the Licensed Material
305 under separate terms or conditions or stop distributing the Licensed Material at
306 any time; however, doing so will not terminate this Public License.
308 4. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public License.
310 Section 7 – Other Terms and Conditions.
312 1. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different terms or
313 conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
315 2. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the Licensed
316 Material not stated herein are separate from and independent of the terms and
317 conditions of this Public License.
319 Section 8 – Interpretation.
321 1. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and shall not be
322 interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose conditions on any use of the
323 Licensed Material that could lawfully be made without permission under this Public
326 2. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is deemed
327 unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the minimum extent necessary
328 to make it enforceable. If the provision cannot be reformed, it shall be severed
329 from this Public License without affecting the enforceability of the remaining
330 terms and conditions.
332 3. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no failure to
333 comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the Licensor.
335 4. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted as a
336 limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities that apply to the
337 Licensor or You, including from the legal processes of any jurisdiction or
340 Creative Commons is not a party to its public licenses. Notwithstanding,
341 Creative Commons may elect to apply one of its public licenses to material it
342 publishes and in those instances will be considered the “Licensor.” The text of
343 the Creative Commons public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the
344 CC0 Public Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that
345 material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as otherwise permitted
346 by the Creative Commons policies published at creativecommons.org/policies,
347 Creative Commons does not authorize the use of the trademark “Creative Commons” or
348 any other trademark or logo of Creative Commons without its prior written consent
349 including, without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications
350 to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements, understandings, or
351 agreements concerning use of licensed material. For the avoidance of doubt, this
352 paragraph does not form part of the public licenses.
354 Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.