/*
- * create a COW disk image
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
- *
+ * QEMU disk image utility
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
+ *
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
* of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
* in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
* OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
* THE SOFTWARE.
*/
-#include "vl.h"
+#include "qemu-common.h"
+#include "osdep.h"
+#include "block_int.h"
+#include <assert.h>
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>
#endif
-void *get_mmap_addr(unsigned long size)
-{
- return NULL;
-}
-
-void qemu_free(void *ptr)
-{
- free(ptr);
-}
-
-void *qemu_malloc(size_t size)
-{
- return malloc(size);
-}
-
-void *qemu_mallocz(size_t size)
-{
- void *ptr;
- ptr = qemu_malloc(size);
- if (!ptr)
- return NULL;
- memset(ptr, 0, size);
- return ptr;
-}
-
-char *qemu_strdup(const char *str)
-{
- char *ptr;
- ptr = qemu_malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
- if (!ptr)
- return NULL;
- strcpy(ptr, str);
- return ptr;
-}
-
-void pstrcpy(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *str)
-{
- int c;
- char *q = buf;
-
- if (buf_size <= 0)
- return;
-
- for(;;) {
- c = *str++;
- if (c == 0 || q >= buf + buf_size - 1)
- break;
- *q++ = c;
- }
- *q = '\0';
-}
-
-/* strcat and truncate. */
-char *pstrcat(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *s)
-{
- int len;
- len = strlen(buf);
- if (len < buf_size)
- pstrcpy(buf + len, buf_size - len, s);
- return buf;
-}
+/* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-tcg. */
+#define BRDV_O_FLAGS BDRV_O_CACHE_WB
-int strstart(const char *str, const char *val, const char **ptr)
-{
- const char *p, *q;
- p = str;
- q = val;
- while (*q != '\0') {
- if (*p != *q)
- return 0;
- p++;
- q++;
- }
- if (ptr)
- *ptr = p;
- return 1;
-}
-
-void term_printf(const char *fmt, ...)
-{
- va_list ap;
- va_start(ap, fmt);
- vprintf(fmt, ap);
- va_end(ap);
-}
-
-void __attribute__((noreturn)) error(const char *fmt, ...)
+static void QEMU_NORETURN error(const char *fmt, ...)
{
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, fmt);
printf(" %s", name);
}
-void help(void)
+/* Please keep in synch with qemu-img.texi */
+static void help(void)
{
- printf("qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Fabrice Bellard\n"
+ printf("qemu-img version " QEMU_VERSION ", Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Fabrice Bellard\n"
"usage: qemu-img command [command options]\n"
"QEMU disk image utility\n"
"\n"
"Command syntax:\n"
- " create [-e] [-b base_image] [-f fmt] filename [size]\n"
+ " create [-e] [-6] [-b base_image] [-f fmt] filename [size]\n"
" commit [-f fmt] filename\n"
- " convert [-c] [-e] [-f fmt] filename [-O output_fmt] output_filename\n"
+ " convert [-c] [-e] [-6] [-f fmt] [-O output_fmt] [-B output_base_image] filename [filename2 [...]] output_filename\n"
" info [-f fmt] filename\n"
+ " snapshot [-l | -a snapshot | -c snapshot | -d snapshot] filename\n"
"\n"
"Command parameters:\n"
" 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
" 'base_image' is the read-only disk image which is used as base for a copy on\n"
" write image; the copy on write image only stores the modified data\n"
+ " 'output_base_image' forces the output image to be created as a copy on write\n"
+ " image of the specified base image; 'output_base_image' should have the same\n"
+ " content as the input's base image, however the path, image format, etc may\n"
+ " differ\n"
" 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
- " 'size' is the disk image size in kilobytes. Optional suffixes 'M' (megabyte)\n"
- " and 'G' (gigabyte) are supported\n"
+ " 'size' is the disk image size in kilobytes. Optional suffixes\n"
+ " 'M' (megabyte, 1024 * 1024) and 'G' (gigabyte, 1024 * 1024 * 1024) are"
+ " supported any @code{k} or @code{K} is ignored\n"
" 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
" 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
" '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
" '-e' indicates that the target image must be encrypted (qcow format only)\n"
+ " '-6' indicates that the target image must use compatibility level 6 (vmdk format only)\n"
+ " '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
+ "\n"
+ "Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
+ " 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
+ " '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
+ " '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
+ " '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
+ " '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
);
- printf("\nSupported format:");
+ printf("\nSupported formats:");
bdrv_iterate_format(format_print, NULL);
printf("\n");
exit(1);
tty.c_cflag |= CS8;
tty.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
tty.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
-
+
tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &tty);
atexit(term_exit);
}
-int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
+static int read_password(char *buf, int buf_size)
{
uint8_t ch;
int i, ret;
} else {
drv = NULL;
}
- if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
+ if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, BRDV_O_FLAGS, drv) < 0) {
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
}
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs)) {
static int img_create(int argc, char **argv)
{
- int c, ret, encrypted;
+ int c, ret, flags;
const char *fmt = "raw";
const char *filename;
const char *base_filename = NULL;
- int64_t size;
+ uint64_t size;
const char *p;
BlockDriver *drv;
-
- encrypted = 0;
+
+ flags = 0;
for(;;) {
- c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:f:he");
+ c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:f:he6");
if (c == -1)
break;
switch(c) {
fmt = optarg;
break;
case 'e':
- encrypted = 1;
+ flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT;
+ break;
+ case '6':
+ flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
break;
}
}
- if (optind >= argc)
+ if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
size = 0;
drv = bdrv_find_format(fmt);
if (!drv)
error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
- printf("Formating '%s', fmt=%s",
+ printf("Formatting '%s', fmt=%s",
filename, fmt);
- if (encrypted)
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT)
printf(", encrypted");
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6)
+ printf(", compatibility level=6");
if (base_filename) {
printf(", backing_file=%s",
base_filename);
}
- printf(", size=%" PRId64 " kB\n", (int64_t) (size / 1024));
- ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, size / 512, base_filename, encrypted);
+ printf(", size=%" PRIu64 " kB\n", size / 1024);
+ ret = bdrv_create(drv, filename, size / 512, base_filename, flags);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error("Formatting or formatting option not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
break;
}
}
- if (optind >= argc)
+ if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
} else {
drv = NULL;
}
- if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
+ if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, BRDV_O_FLAGS, drv) < 0) {
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
}
ret = bdrv_commit(bs);
return 0;
}
+/*
+ * Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
+ * a non-NUL byte.
+ *
+ * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
+ * the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
+ */
static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf, int n, int *pnum)
{
int v, i;
static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
{
- int c, ret, n, n1, compress, cluster_size, cluster_sectors, encrypt;
- const char *filename, *fmt, *out_fmt, *out_filename;
+ int c, ret, n, n1, bs_n, bs_i, flags, cluster_size, cluster_sectors;
+ const char *fmt, *out_fmt, *out_baseimg, *out_filename;
BlockDriver *drv;
- BlockDriverState *bs, *out_bs;
- int64_t total_sectors, nb_sectors, sector_num;
+ BlockDriverState **bs, *out_bs;
+ int64_t total_sectors, nb_sectors, sector_num, bs_offset;
+ uint64_t bs_sectors;
uint8_t buf[IO_BUF_SIZE];
const uint8_t *buf1;
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
fmt = NULL;
out_fmt = "raw";
- compress = 0;
- encrypt = 0;
+ out_baseimg = NULL;
+ flags = 0;
for(;;) {
- c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:O:hce");
+ c = getopt(argc, argv, "f:O:B:hce6");
if (c == -1)
break;
switch(c) {
case 'O':
out_fmt = optarg;
break;
+ case 'B':
+ out_baseimg = optarg;
+ break;
case 'c':
- compress = 1;
+ flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS;
break;
case 'e':
- encrypt = 1;
+ flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT;
+ break;
+ case '6':
+ flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6;
break;
}
}
- if (optind >= argc)
- help();
- filename = argv[optind++];
- if (optind >= argc)
- help();
- out_filename = argv[optind++];
-
- bs = bdrv_new_open(filename, fmt);
+
+ bs_n = argc - optind - 1;
+ if (bs_n < 1) help();
+
+ out_filename = argv[argc - 1];
+
+ if (bs_n > 1 && out_baseimg)
+ error("-B makes no sense when concatenating multiple input images");
+
+ bs = calloc(bs_n, sizeof(BlockDriverState *));
+ if (!bs)
+ error("Out of memory");
+
+ total_sectors = 0;
+ for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++) {
+ bs[bs_i] = bdrv_new_open(argv[optind + bs_i], fmt);
+ if (!bs[bs_i])
+ error("Could not open '%s'", argv[optind + bs_i]);
+ bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors);
+ total_sectors += bs_sectors;
+ }
drv = bdrv_find_format(out_fmt);
if (!drv)
- error("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt);
- if (compress && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
+ error("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt);
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
error("Compression not supported for this file format");
- if (encrypt && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT && drv != &bdrv_qcow && drv != &bdrv_qcow2)
error("Encryption not supported for this file format");
- if (compress && encrypt)
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 && drv != &bdrv_vmdk)
+ error("Alternative compatibility level not supported for this file format");
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT && flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS)
error("Compression and encryption not supported at the same time");
- bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &total_sectors);
- ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, total_sectors, NULL, encrypt);
+
+ ret = bdrv_create(drv, out_filename, total_sectors, out_baseimg, flags);
if (ret < 0) {
if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
error("Formatting not supported for file format '%s'", fmt);
error("Error while formatting '%s'", out_filename);
}
}
-
+
out_bs = bdrv_new_open(out_filename, out_fmt);
- if (compress) {
+ bs_i = 0;
+ bs_offset = 0;
+ bdrv_get_geometry(bs[0], &bs_sectors);
+
+ if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPRESS) {
if (bdrv_get_info(out_bs, &bdi) < 0)
error("could not get block driver info");
cluster_size = bdi.cluster_size;
cluster_sectors = cluster_size >> 9;
sector_num = 0;
for(;;) {
+ int64_t bs_num;
+ int remainder;
+ uint8_t *buf2;
+
nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
if (nb_sectors <= 0)
break;
n = cluster_sectors;
else
n = nb_sectors;
- if (bdrv_read(bs, sector_num, buf, n) < 0)
- error("error while reading");
+
+ bs_num = sector_num - bs_offset;
+ assert (bs_num >= 0);
+ remainder = n;
+ buf2 = buf;
+ while (remainder > 0) {
+ int nlow;
+ while (bs_num == bs_sectors) {
+ bs_i++;
+ assert (bs_i < bs_n);
+ bs_offset += bs_sectors;
+ bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors);
+ bs_num = 0;
+ /* printf("changing part: sector_num=%lld, "
+ "bs_i=%d, bs_offset=%lld, bs_sectors=%lld\n",
+ sector_num, bs_i, bs_offset, bs_sectors); */
+ }
+ assert (bs_num < bs_sectors);
+
+ nlow = (remainder > bs_sectors - bs_num) ? bs_sectors - bs_num : remainder;
+
+ if (bdrv_read(bs[bs_i], bs_num, buf2, nlow) < 0)
+ error("error while reading");
+
+ buf2 += nlow * 512;
+ bs_num += nlow;
+
+ remainder -= nlow;
+ }
+ assert (remainder == 0);
+
if (n < cluster_sectors)
memset(buf + n * 512, 0, cluster_size - n * 512);
if (is_not_zero(buf, cluster_size)) {
- if (bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, sector_num, buf,
+ if (bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, sector_num, buf,
cluster_sectors) != 0)
error("error while compressing sector %" PRId64,
sector_num);
/* signal EOF to align */
bdrv_write_compressed(out_bs, 0, NULL, 0);
} else {
- sector_num = 0;
+ sector_num = 0; // total number of sectors converted so far
for(;;) {
nb_sectors = total_sectors - sector_num;
if (nb_sectors <= 0)
n = (IO_BUF_SIZE / 512);
else
n = nb_sectors;
- if (bdrv_read(bs, sector_num, buf, n) < 0)
+
+ while (sector_num - bs_offset >= bs_sectors) {
+ bs_i ++;
+ assert (bs_i < bs_n);
+ bs_offset += bs_sectors;
+ bdrv_get_geometry(bs[bs_i], &bs_sectors);
+ /* printf("changing part: sector_num=%lld, bs_i=%d, "
+ "bs_offset=%lld, bs_sectors=%lld\n",
+ sector_num, bs_i, bs_offset, bs_sectors); */
+ }
+
+ if (n > bs_offset + bs_sectors - sector_num)
+ n = bs_offset + bs_sectors - sector_num;
+
+ /* If the output image is being created as a copy on write image,
+ assume that sectors which are unallocated in the input image
+ are present in both the output's and input's base images (no
+ need to copy them). */
+ if (out_baseimg) {
+ if (!bdrv_is_allocated(bs[bs_i], sector_num - bs_offset, n, &n1)) {
+ sector_num += n1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* The next 'n1' sectors are allocated in the input image. Copy
+ only those as they may be followed by unallocated sectors. */
+ n = n1;
+ }
+
+ if (bdrv_read(bs[bs_i], sector_num - bs_offset, buf, n) < 0)
error("error while reading");
/* NOTE: at the same time we convert, we do not write zero
sectors to have a chance to compress the image. Ideally, we
should add a specific call to have the info to go faster */
buf1 = buf;
while (n > 0) {
- if (is_allocated_sectors(buf1, n, &n1)) {
- if (bdrv_write(out_bs, sector_num, buf1, n1) < 0)
+ /* If the output image is being created as a copy on write image,
+ copy all sectors even the ones containing only NUL bytes,
+ because they may differ from the sectors in the base image. */
+ if (out_baseimg || is_allocated_sectors(buf1, n, &n1)) {
+ if (bdrv_write(out_bs, sector_num, buf1, n1) < 0)
error("error while writing");
}
sector_num += n1;
}
}
bdrv_delete(out_bs);
- bdrv_delete(bs);
+ for (bs_i = 0; bs_i < bs_n; bs_i++)
+ bdrv_delete(bs[bs_i]);
+ free(bs);
return 0;
}
return (((int64_t) high) << 32) + low;
}
- if (_stati64(filename, &st) < 0)
+ if (_stati64(filename, &st) < 0)
return -1;
return st.st_size;
}
static int64_t get_allocated_file_size(const char *filename)
{
struct stat st;
- if (stat(filename, &st) < 0)
+ if (stat(filename, &st) < 0)
return -1;
return (int64_t)st.st_blocks * 512;
}
BlockDriver *drv;
BlockDriverState *bs;
char fmt_name[128], size_buf[128], dsize_buf[128];
- int64_t total_sectors, allocated_size;
+ uint64_t total_sectors;
+ int64_t allocated_size;
char backing_filename[1024];
char backing_filename2[1024];
BlockDriverInfo bdi;
break;
}
}
- if (optind >= argc)
+ if (optind >= argc)
help();
filename = argv[optind++];
} else {
drv = NULL;
}
- if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, drv) < 0) {
+ if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, BRDV_O_FLAGS, drv) < 0) {
error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
}
bdrv_get_format(bs, fmt_name, sizeof(fmt_name));
get_human_readable_size(size_buf, sizeof(size_buf), total_sectors * 512);
allocated_size = get_allocated_file_size(filename);
if (allocated_size < 0)
- sprintf(dsize_buf, "unavailable");
+ snprintf(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf), "unavailable");
else
- get_human_readable_size(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf),
+ get_human_readable_size(dsize_buf, sizeof(dsize_buf),
allocated_size);
printf("image: %s\n"
"file format: %s\n"
"virtual size: %s (%" PRId64 " bytes)\n"
"disk size: %s\n",
- filename, fmt_name, size_buf,
+ filename, fmt_name, size_buf,
(total_sectors * 512),
dsize_buf);
if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs))
printf("encrypted: yes\n");
if (bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi) >= 0) {
- if (bdi.cluster_size != 0)
+ if (bdi.cluster_size != 0)
printf("cluster_size: %d\n", bdi.cluster_size);
+ if (bdi.highest_alloc)
+ printf("highest_alloc: %" PRId64 "\n", bdi.highest_alloc);
+ if (bdi.num_free_bytes)
+ printf("num_free_bytes: %" PRId64 "\n", bdi.num_free_bytes);
}
bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs, backing_filename, sizeof(backing_filename));
if (backing_filename[0] != '\0') {
path_combine(backing_filename2, sizeof(backing_filename2),
filename, backing_filename);
- printf("backing file: %s (actual path: %s)\n",
+ printf("backing file: %s (actual path: %s)\n",
backing_filename,
backing_filename2);
}
return 0;
}
+#define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
+#define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
+#define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
+#define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
+
+static void img_snapshot(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ BlockDriverState *bs;
+ QEMUSnapshotInfo sn;
+ char *filename, *snapshot_name = NULL;
+ int c, ret;
+ int action = 0;
+ qemu_timeval tv;
+
+ /* Parse commandline parameters */
+ for(;;) {
+ c = getopt(argc, argv, "la:c:d:h");
+ if (c == -1)
+ break;
+ switch(c) {
+ case 'h':
+ help();
+ return;
+ case 'l':
+ if (action) {
+ help();
+ return;
+ }
+ action = SNAPSHOT_LIST;
+ break;
+ case 'a':
+ if (action) {
+ help();
+ return;
+ }
+ action = SNAPSHOT_APPLY;
+ snapshot_name = optarg;
+ break;
+ case 'c':
+ if (action) {
+ help();
+ return;
+ }
+ action = SNAPSHOT_CREATE;
+ snapshot_name = optarg;
+ break;
+ case 'd':
+ if (action) {
+ help();
+ return;
+ }
+ action = SNAPSHOT_DELETE;
+ snapshot_name = optarg;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (optind >= argc)
+ help();
+ filename = argv[optind++];
+
+ /* Open the image */
+ bs = bdrv_new("");
+ if (!bs)
+ error("Not enough memory");
+
+ if (bdrv_open2(bs, filename, 0, NULL) < 0) {
+ error("Could not open '%s'", filename);
+ }
+
+ /* Perform the requested action */
+ switch(action) {
+ case SNAPSHOT_LIST:
+ dump_snapshots(bs);
+ break;
+
+ case SNAPSHOT_CREATE:
+ memset(&sn, 0, sizeof(sn));
+ pstrcpy(sn.name, sizeof(sn.name), snapshot_name);
+
+ qemu_gettimeofday(&tv);
+ sn.date_sec = tv.tv_sec;
+ sn.date_nsec = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
+
+ ret = bdrv_snapshot_create(bs, &sn);
+ if (ret)
+ error("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
+ snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
+ break;
+
+ case SNAPSHOT_APPLY:
+ ret = bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs, snapshot_name);
+ if (ret)
+ error("Could not apply snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
+ snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
+ break;
+
+ case SNAPSHOT_DELETE:
+ ret = bdrv_snapshot_delete(bs, snapshot_name);
+ if (ret)
+ error("Could not delete snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
+ snapshot_name, ret, strerror(-ret));
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* Cleanup */
+ bdrv_delete(bs);
+}
+
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
const char *cmd;
if (argc < 2)
help();
cmd = argv[1];
- optind++;
+ argc--; argv++;
if (!strcmp(cmd, "create")) {
img_create(argc, argv);
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "commit")) {
img_convert(argc, argv);
} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "info")) {
img_info(argc, argv);
+ } else if (!strcmp(cmd, "snapshot")) {
+ img_snapshot(argc, argv);
} else {
help();
}
projects / qemu.git / blobdiff