+#else /* __FreeBSD__ */
+
+#define PATH_NET_TAP "/dev/tap"
+
+static int tap_open_clone(char *ifname, int ifname_size, Error **errp)
+{
+ int fd, s, ret;
+ struct ifreq ifr;
+
+ TFR(fd = open(PATH_NET_TAP, O_RDWR));
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "could not open %s", PATH_NET_TAP);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr));
+
+ ret = ioctl(fd, TAPGIFNAME, (void *)&ifr);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "could not get tap interface name");
+ close(fd);
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ if (ifname[0] != '\0') {
+ /* User requested the interface to have a specific name */
+ s = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
+ if (s < 0) {
+ error_setg_errno(errp, errno,
+ "could not open socket to set interface name");
+ close(fd);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ ifr.ifr_data = ifname;
+ ret = ioctl(s, SIOCSIFNAME, (void *)&ifr);
+ close(s);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ error_setg(errp, "could not set tap interface name");
+ close(fd);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ } else {
+ pstrcpy(ifname, ifname_size, ifr.ifr_name);
+ }
+
+ return fd;
+}
+
+int tap_open(char *ifname, int ifname_size, int *vnet_hdr,
+ int vnet_hdr_required, int mq_required, Error **errp)
+{
+ int fd = -1;
+
+ /* If the specified tap device already exists just use it. */
+ if (ifname[0] != '\0') {
+ char dname[100];
+ snprintf(dname, sizeof dname, "/dev/%s", ifname);
+ TFR(fd = open(dname, O_RDWR));
+ if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+ error_setg_errno(errp, errno, "could not open %s", dname);
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ /* Tap device not specified or does not exist. */
+ if ((fd = tap_open_clone(ifname, ifname_size, errp)) < 0) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (*vnet_hdr) {
+ /* BSD doesn't have IFF_VNET_HDR */
+ *vnet_hdr = 0;
+
+ if (vnet_hdr_required && !*vnet_hdr) {
+ error_setg(errp, "vnet_hdr=1 requested, but no kernel "
+ "support for IFF_VNET_HDR available");
+ goto error;
+ }
+ }
+ if (mq_required) {
+ error_setg(errp, "mq_required requested, but no kernel support"
+ " for IFF_MULTI_QUEUE available");
+ goto error;
+ }
+
+ fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
+ return fd;
+
+error:
+ close(fd);
+ return -1;
+}
+#endif /* __FreeBSD__ */
+
+void tap_set_sndbuf(int fd, const NetdevTapOptions *tap, Error **errp)