* pcsys_monitor:: QEMU Monitor
* disk_images:: Disk Images
* pcsys_network:: Network emulation
+* pcsys_other_devs:: Other Devices
* direct_linux_boot:: Direct Linux Boot
* pcsys_usb:: USB emulation
* vnc_security:: VNC security
@item
Intel 82801AA AC97 Audio compatible sound card
@item
-Adlib(OPL2) - Yamaha YM3812 compatible chip
+Intel HD Audio Controller and HDA codec
+@item
+Adlib (OPL2) - Yamaha YM3812 compatible chip
@item
Gravis Ultrasound GF1 sound card
@item
QEMU uses YM3812 emulation by Tatsuyuki Satoh.
-QEMU uses GUS emulation(GUSEMU32 @url{http://www.deinmeister.de/gusemu/})
+QEMU uses GUS emulation (GUSEMU32 @url{http://www.deinmeister.de/gusemu/})
by Tibor "TS" Schütz.
Not that, by default, GUS shares IRQ(7) with parallel ports and so
@c man begin OPTIONS
-During the graphical emulation, you can use the following keys:
+During the graphical emulation, you can use special key combinations to change
+modes. The default key mappings are shown below, but if you use @code{-alt-grab}
+then the modifier is Ctrl-Alt-Shift (instead of Ctrl-Alt) and if you use
+@code{-ctrl-grab} then the modifier is the right Ctrl key (instead of Ctrl-Alt):
+
@table @key
@item Ctrl-Alt-f
@kindex Ctrl-Alt-f
Toggle full screen
+@item Ctrl-Alt-+
+@kindex Ctrl-Alt-+
+Enlarge the screen
+
+@item Ctrl-Alt--
+@kindex Ctrl-Alt--
+Shrink the screen
+
@item Ctrl-Alt-u
@kindex Ctrl-Alt-u
Restore the screen's un-scaled dimensions
* host_drives:: Using host drives
* disk_images_fat_images:: Virtual FAT disk images
* disk_images_nbd:: NBD access
+* disk_images_sheepdog:: Sheepdog disk images
@end menu
@node disk_images_quickstart
qemu linux2.img -hdb nbd:unix:/tmp/my_socket
@end example
+If the nbd-server uses named exports (since NBD 2.9.18), you must use the
+"exportname" option:
+@example
+qemu -cdrom nbd:localhost:exportname=debian-500-ppc-netinst
+qemu -cdrom nbd:localhost:exportname=openSUSE-11.1-ppc-netinst
+@end example
+
+@node disk_images_sheepdog
+@subsection Sheepdog disk images
+
+Sheepdog is a distributed storage system for QEMU. It provides highly
+available block level storage volumes that can be attached to
+QEMU-based virtual machines.
+
+You can create a Sheepdog disk image with the command:
+@example
+qemu-img create sheepdog:@var{image} @var{size}
+@end example
+where @var{image} is the Sheepdog image name and @var{size} is its
+size.
+
+To import the existing @var{filename} to Sheepdog, you can use a
+convert command.
+@example
+qemu-img convert @var{filename} sheepdog:@var{image}
+@end example
+
+You can boot from the Sheepdog disk image with the command:
+@example
+qemu sheepdog:@var{image}
+@end example
+
+You can also create a snapshot of the Sheepdog image like qcow2.
+@example
+qemu-img snapshot -c @var{tag} sheepdog:@var{image}
+@end example
+where @var{tag} is a tag name of the newly created snapshot.
+
+To boot from the Sheepdog snapshot, specify the tag name of the
+snapshot.
+@example
+qemu sheepdog:@var{image}:@var{tag}
+@end example
+
+You can create a cloned image from the existing snapshot.
+@example
+qemu-img create -b sheepdog:@var{base}:@var{tag} sheepdog:@var{image}
+@end example
+where @var{base} is a image name of the source snapshot and @var{tag}
+is its tag name.
+
+If the Sheepdog daemon doesn't run on the local host, you need to
+specify one of the Sheepdog servers to connect to.
+@example
+qemu-img create sheepdog:@var{hostname}:@var{port}:@var{image} @var{size}
+qemu sheepdog:@var{hostname}:@var{port}:@var{image}
+@end example
+
@node pcsys_network
@section Network emulation
that span several QEMU instances. See @ref{sec_invocation} to have a
basic example.
+@node pcsys_other_devs
+@section Other Devices
+
+@subsection Inter-VM Shared Memory device
+
+With KVM enabled on a Linux host, a shared memory device is available. Guests
+map a POSIX shared memory region into the guest as a PCI device that enables
+zero-copy communication to the application level of the guests. The basic
+syntax is:
+
+@example
+qemu -device ivshmem,size=<size in format accepted by -m>[,shm=<shm name>]
+@end example
+
+If desired, interrupts can be sent between guest VMs accessing the same shared
+memory region. Interrupt support requires using a shared memory server and
+using a chardev socket to connect to it. The code for the shared memory server
+is qemu.git/contrib/ivshmem-server. An example syntax when using the shared
+memory server is:
+
+@example
+qemu -device ivshmem,size=<size in format accepted by -m>[,chardev=<id>]
+ [,msi=on][,ioeventfd=on][,vectors=n][,role=peer|master]
+qemu -chardev socket,path=<path>,id=<id>
+@end example
+
+When using the server, the guest will be assigned a VM ID (>=0) that allows guests
+using the same server to communicate via interrupts. Guests can read their
+VM ID from a device register (see example code). Since receiving the shared
+memory region from the server is asynchronous, there is a (small) chance the
+guest may boot before the shared memory is attached. To allow an application
+to ensure shared memory is attached, the VM ID register will return -1 (an
+invalid VM ID) until the memory is attached. Once the shared memory is
+attached, the VM ID will return the guest's valid VM ID. With these semantics,
+the guest application can check to ensure the shared memory is attached to the
+guest before proceeding.
+
+The @option{role} argument can be set to either master or peer and will affect
+how the shared memory is migrated. With @option{role=master}, the guest will
+copy the shared memory on migration to the destination host. With
+@option{role=peer}, the guest will not be able to migrate with the device attached.
+With the @option{peer} case, the device should be detached and then reattached
+after migration using the PCI hotplug support.
+
@node direct_linux_boot
@section Direct Linux Boot
Serial converter. This emulates an FTDI FT232BM chip connected to host character
device @var{dev}. The available character devices are the same as for the
@code{-serial} option. The @code{vendorid} and @code{productid} options can be
-used to override the default 0403:6001. For instance,
+used to override the default 0403:6001. For instance,
@example
usb_add serial:productid=FA00:tcp:192.168.0.2:4444
@end example
The GNU TLS packages provides a command called @code{certtool} which can
be used to generate certificates and keys in PEM format. At a minimum it
-is neccessary to setup a certificate authority, and issue certificates to
+is necessary to setup a certificate authority, and issue certificates to
each server. If using certificates for authentication, then each client
will also need to be issued a certificate. The recommendation is for the
server to keep its certificates in either @code{/etc/pki/qemu} or for
For this to work the administrator of your KDC must generate a Kerberos
principal for the server, with a name of 'qemu/somehost.example.com@@EXAMPLE.COM'
replacing 'somehost.example.com' with the fully qualified host name of the
-machine running QEMU, and 'EXAMPLE.COM' with the Keberos Realm.
+machine running QEMU, and 'EXAMPLE.COM' with the Kerberos Realm.
Other configurations will be left as an exercise for the reader. It should
be noted that only Digest-MD5 and GSSAPI provides a SSF layer for data
-prom-env 'boot-device=sd(0,2,0):d' -prom-env 'boot-args=linux single'
@end example
-@item -M [SS-4|SS-5|SS-10|SS-20|SS-600MP|LX|Voyager|SPARCClassic|SPARCbook|SS-2|SS-1000|SS-2000]
+@item -M [SS-4|SS-5|SS-10|SS-20|SS-600MP|LX|Voyager|SPARCClassic] [|SPARCbook|SS-2|SS-1000|SS-2000]
Set the emulated machine type. Default is SS-5.
should have CONFIG_SPARSEMEM enabled, CONFIG_REALVIEW_HIGH_PHYS_OFFSET
disabled and expect 1024M RAM.
-The following devices are emuilated:
+The following devices are emulated:
@itemize @minus
@item
@item
Three OMAP on-chip UARTs and on-chip STI debugging console
@item
-A Bluetooth(R) transciever and HCI connected to an UART
+A Bluetooth(R) transceiver and HCI connected to an UART
@item
Mentor Graphics "Inventra" dual-role USB controller embedded in a TI
TUSB6010 chip - only USB host mode is supported
@end itemize
The Siemens SX1 models v1 and v2 (default) basic emulation.
-The emulaton includes the following elements:
+The emulation includes the following elements:
@itemize @minus
@item
@example
qemu-i386 tests/i386/ls
@end example
-You can look at @file{qemu-binfmt-conf.sh} so that
+You can look at @file{scripts/qemu-binfmt-conf.sh} so that
QEMU is automatically launched by the Linux kernel when you try to
launch x86 executables. It requires the @code{binfmt_misc} module in the
Linux kernel.
@subsection Command line options
@example
-usage: qemu-i386 [-h] [-d] [-L path] [-s size] [-cpu model] [-g port] [-B offset] program [arguments...]
+usage: qemu-i386 [-h] [-d] [-L path] [-s size] [-cpu model] [-g port] [-B offset] [-R size] program [arguments...]
@end example
@table @option
Set the x86 stack size in bytes (default=524288)
@item -cpu model
Select CPU model (-cpu ? for list and additional feature selection)
+@item -ignore-environment
+Start with an empty environment. Without this option,
+the initial environment is a copy of the caller's environment.
+@item -E @var{var}=@var{value}
+Set environment @var{var} to @var{value}.
+@item -U @var{var}
+Remove @var{var} from the environment.
@item -B offset
Offset guest address by the specified number of bytes. This is useful when
-the address region rewuired by guest applications is reserved on the host.
-Ths option is currently only supported on some hosts.
+the address region required by guest applications is reserved on the host.
+This option is currently only supported on some hosts.
+@item -R size
+Pre-allocate a guest virtual address space of the given size (in bytes).
+"G", "M", and "k" suffixes may be used when specifying the size.
@end table
Debug options:
Set the library root path (default=/)
@item -s size
Set the stack size in bytes (default=524288)
+@item -ignore-environment
+Start with an empty environment. Without this option,
+the initial environment is a copy of the caller's environment.
+@item -E @var{var}=@var{value}
+Set environment @var{var} to @var{value}.
+@item -U @var{var}
+Remove @var{var} from the environment.
@item -bsd type
Set the type of the emulated BSD Operating system. Valid values are
FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD (default).
@item Install the MinGW version of zlib and make sure
@file{zlib.h} and @file{libz.dll.a} are in
-MingGW's default header and linker search paths.
+MinGW's default header and linker search paths.
@item Extract the current version of QEMU.
@item Install the MinGW version of zlib and make sure
@file{zlib.h} and @file{libz.dll.a} are in
-MingGW's default header and linker search paths.
+MinGW's default header and linker search paths.
@item
Configure QEMU for Windows cross compilation:
@end example
The example assumes @file{sdl-config} is installed under @file{/usr/i686-pc-mingw32/sys-root/mingw/bin} and
MinGW cross compilation tools have names like @file{i686-pc-mingw32-gcc} and @file{i686-pc-mingw32-strip}.
-We set the @code{PATH} environment variable to ensure the MingW version of @file{sdl-config} is used and
+We set the @code{PATH} environment variable to ensure the MinGW version of @file{sdl-config} is used and
use --cross-prefix to specify the name of the cross compiler.
You can also use --prefix to set the Win32 install path which defaults to @file{c:/Program Files/Qemu}.
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