mm/gup: prevent gup_fast from racing with COW during fork

mm/gup: prevent gup_fast from racing with COW during fork

Since commit 70e806e4e645 ("mm: Do early cow for pinned pages during
fork() for ptes") pages under a FOLL_PIN will not be write protected
during COW for fork.  This means that pages returned from
pin_user_pages(FOLL_WRITE) should not become write protected while the pin
is active.

However, there is a small race where get_user_pages_fast(FOLL_PIN) can
establish a FOLL_PIN at the same time copy_present_page() is write
protecting it:

        CPU 0                             CPU 1
   get_user_pages_fast()
    internal_get_user_pages_fast()
                                       copy_page_range()
                                         pte_alloc_map_lock()
                                           copy_present_page()
                                             atomic_read(has_pinned) == 0
					     page_maybe_dma_pinned() == false
     atomic_set(has_pinned, 1);
     gup_pgd_range()
      gup_pte_range()
       pte_t pte = gup_get_pte(ptep)
       pte_access_permitted(pte)
       try_grab_compound_head()
                                             pte = pte_wrprotect(pte)
	                                     set_pte_at();
                                         pte_unmap_unlock()
      // GUP now returns with a write protected page

The first attempt to resolve this by using the write protect caused
problems (and was missing a barrrier), see commit f3c64eda3e50 ("mm: avoid
early COW write protect games during fork()")

Instead wrap copy_p4d_range() with the write side of a seqcount and check
the read side around gup_pgd_range().  If there is a collision then
get_user_pages_fast() fails and falls back to slow GUP.

Slow GUP is safe against this race because copy_page_range() is only
called while holding the exclusive side of the mmap_lock on the src
mm_struct.

[[email protected]: coding style fixes]
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wi=iCnYCARbPGjkVJu9eyYeZ13N64tZYLdOB8CP5Q_PLw@mail.gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Fixes: f3c64eda3e50 ("mm: avoid early COW write protect games during fork()")
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <[email protected]>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: John Hubbard <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Peter Xu <[email protected]>
Acked-by: "Ahmed S. Darwish" <[email protected]>	[seqcount_t parts]
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <[email protected]>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <[email protected]>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <[email protected]>
Cc: Jann Horn <[email protected]>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <[email protected]>
Cc: Kirill Tkhai <[email protected]>
Cc: Leon Romanovsky <[email protected]>
Cc: Michal Hocko <[email protected]>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <[email protected]>