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[linux.git] / Documentation / devices.txt
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1da177e4
LT		 1
2 LINUX ALLOCATED DEVICES (2.6+ version)
3
04c860c1 4 Maintained by Alan Cox <[email protected]>
1da177e4 5
e379ec7c 6 Last revised: 6th April 2009
1da177e4
LT		 7
8This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
9device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
10system.
11
12The latest version of this list is available from
13http://www.lanana.org/docs/device-list/ or
14ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/device-list/. This version may be
15newer than the one distributed with the Linux kernel.
16
17The LaTeX version of this document is no longer maintained.
18
19This document is included by reference into the Filesystem Hierarchy
20Standard (FHS). The FHS is available from http://www.pathname.com/fhs/.
21
22Allocations marked (68k/Amiga) apply to Linux/68k on the Amiga
23platform only. Allocations marked (68k/Atari) apply to Linux/68k on
24the Atari platform only.
25
26The symbol {2.6} means the allocation is obsolete and scheduled for
27removal once kernel version 2.6 (or equivalent) is released. Some of these
28allocations have already been removed.
29
30This document is in the public domain. The author requests, however,
31that semantically altered versions are not distributed without
32permission of the author, assuming the author can be contacted without
33an unreasonable effort.
34
35In particular, please don't sent patches for this list to Linus, at
36least not without contacting me first.
37
38I do not have any information about these devices beyond what appears
39on this list. Any such information requests will be deleted without
40reply.
41
42
43 **** DEVICE DRIVERS AUTHORS PLEASE READ THIS ****
44
45To have a major number allocated, or a minor number in situations
46where that applies (e.g. busmice), please contact me with the
47appropriate device information. Also, if you have additional
48information regarding any of the devices listed below, or if I have
49made a mistake, I would greatly appreciate a note.
50
51I do, however, make a few requests about the nature of your report.
52This is necessary for me to be able to keep this list up to date and
53correct in a timely manner. First of all, *please* send it to the
54correct address... <[email protected]>. I receive hundreds of email
55messages a day, so mail sent to other addresses may very well get lost
56in the avalanche. Please put in a descriptive subject, so I can find
57your mail again should I need to. Too many people send me email
58saying just "device number request" in the subject.
59
60Second, please include a description of the device *in the same format
61as this list*. The reason for this is that it is the only way I have
62found to ensure I have all the requisite information to publish your
63device and avoid conflicts.
64
65Third, please don't assume that the distributed version of the list is
66up to date. Due to the number of registrations I have to maintain it
67in "batch mode", so there is likely additional registrations that
68haven't been listed yet.
69
04c860c1
AC		 70Fourth, remember that Linux now has extensive support for dynamic allocation
71of device numbering and can use sysfs and udev to handle the naming needs.
72There are still some exceptions in the serial and boot device area. Before
73asking for a device number make sure you actually need one.
74
1da177e4
LT		 75Finally, sometimes I have to play "namespace police." Please don't be
76offended. I often get submissions for /dev names that would be bound
77to cause conflicts down the road. I am trying to avoid getting in a
78situation where we would have to suffer an incompatible forward
79change. Therefore, please consult with me *before* you make your
80device names and numbers in any way public, at least to the point
81where it would be at all difficult to get them changed.
82
83Your cooperation is appreciated.
84
85
86 0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
87 0 = reserved as null device number
88 See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
89
90 1 char Memory devices
91 1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
92 2 = /dev/kmem Kernel virtual memory access
93 3 = /dev/null Null device
94 4 = /dev/port I/O port access
95 5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
96 6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
97 7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
98 8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
99 9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
5d3f083d 100 10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface
1da177e4 101 11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's
8814842f
DJ		 102 12 = /dev/oldmem Used by crashdump kernels to access
103 the memory of the kernel that crashed.
30aaa5c6 104
1da177e4
LT		 105 1 block RAM disk
106 0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
107 1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
108 ...
04c860c1 109 250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
1da177e4
LT		 110
111 Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
112 /dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
113 by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
114 the initrd.
115
116 2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
117 0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
118 1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
119 ...
120 255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
121
122 Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
123 * Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
124 * the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
125 the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
126 * the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
127 the position within the series.
128
129 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
130 devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
131 master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
132 demand.
30aaa5c6 133
1da177e4
LT		 134 2 block Floppy disks
135 0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
136 1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
137 2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
138 3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
139 128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
140 129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
141 130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
142 131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
143
144 To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
145 0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
146 4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
147 20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
148 48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
149 64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
150 24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
151 80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
152 8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
153 40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
154 56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
155 72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
156 92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
157
158 12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
159 16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
160 120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
161 52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
162 68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
163 84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
164 88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
165 28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
166 124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
167 44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
168 60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
169 76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
170 96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
171 116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
172 100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
173 32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
174 104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
175 108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
176 112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
177
178 36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
179
180 (1) Autodetectable format
181 (2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
182 (3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
183
184 NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
185 signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
186 5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
187 (any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
188 and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
189 the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
190
191 3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
192 0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
193 1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
194 ...
195 255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
196
197 These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
198 devices are on major 136 and above.
199
200 3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
201 0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
202 64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
203
204 For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
205 0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
206 1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
207 2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
208 ...
209 63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
210
211 For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
212 partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
213 Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
214 appropriate to their respective architectures.
215
216 4 char TTY devices
217 0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
218
219 1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
220 ...
221 63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
222 64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
223 ...
224 255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
225
226 UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
227
228 Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
229 number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
230 is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
231
232 4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
233 when its not possible to create the real device nodes
234 because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
235
236 0 = /dev/root
237
238 5 char Alternate TTY devices
239 0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
240 1 = /dev/console System console
241 2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
242 64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
243 ...
244 255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
245
246 (5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
247 the section on terminal devices for more information
248 on /dev/console.
249
250 6 char Parallel printer devices
251 0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
252 1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
253 ...
254
255 Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
256 between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
257 they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
258
259 7 char Virtual console capture devices
260 0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text contents
261 1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text contents
262 ...
263 63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text contents
264 128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute contents
265 129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
266 ...
267 191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
30aaa5c6 268
1da177e4
LT		 269 NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
270
271 7 block Loopback devices
11420211
JE		 272 0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
273 1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
1da177e4
LT		 274 ...
275
11420211 276 The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
1da177e4 277 associated with block devices. The binding to the
11420211 278 loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
1da177e4
LT		 279
280 8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
281 0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
282 16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
283 32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
284 ...
285 240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
286
287 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
288 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
289 partitions is 15.
290
291 9 char SCSI tape devices
292 0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
293 1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
294 ...
295 32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
296 33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
297 ...
298 64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
299 65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
300 ...
301 96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
302 97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
303 ...
304 128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
305 129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
306 ...
307 160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
308 161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
309 ...
310 192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
311 193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
312 ...
313 224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
314 225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
315 ...
316
317 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
318 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
319 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
320 the device used to access it.
321
322 9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
323 0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
324 1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
325 ...
326
327 The metadisk driver is used to span a
328 filesystem across multiple physical disks.
329
330 10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
331 0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
332 1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
333 2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
334 3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
335 4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
336 4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
337 5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
338 6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
339 7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
340 8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
341 9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
342 10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
343 11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
344 13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
345 14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00 UCB 1x00 touchscreen
346 15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
347 128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
04c860c1 348 129 =
1da177e4
LT		 349 130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
350 131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
351 132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
352 133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
353 134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
354 135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
355 139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
356 140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
357 141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
04c860c1 358 142 =
1da177e4
LT		 359 143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
360 144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
04c860c1 361 145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control
1da177e4
LT		 362 146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
363 147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
364 148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
365 149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
366 150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
367 151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
368 152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
369 153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
370 154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
371 155 = /dev/isictl MultiTech ISICom serial control
372 156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
373 157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
374 158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
375 159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
376 160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
377 161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
378 162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
379 163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
380 164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
381 165 = /dev/vmmon VMWare virtual machine monitor
382 166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
383 167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
384 168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
385 169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
386 170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
387 171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
388 172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
389 173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
390 174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
391 175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
392 176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
393 177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
394 178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
395 179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
396 180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
397 181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
398 182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
399 183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
400 184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
401 186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic shapshot of process state data
402 187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
403 188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
404 189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
405 190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
406 191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
407 192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
408 193 = /dev/d7s SPARC 7-segment display
409 194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
410 195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
411 198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
412 199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
413 200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
414 201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
415 202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
416 204 = /dev/video/em8300 EM8300 DVD decoder control
417 205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
418 206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
419 207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
420 208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
421 209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
30aaa5c6 422 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
1da177e4
LT		 423 211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
424 212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
425 213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
426 214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
427 215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
428 216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
429 217 = /dev/ni/natmotn National Instruments Motion
430 218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
431 219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
432 220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
433 221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
434 222 = /dev/mvista/hasi Montavista PICMG high availability
435 223 = /dev/input/uinput User level driver support for input
436 224 = /dev/tpm TCPA TPM driver
437 225 = /dev/pps Pulse Per Second driver
438 226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
439 227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
440 228 = /dev/hpet HPET driver
441 229 = /dev/fuse Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
442 230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
04c860c1
AC		 443 231 = /dev/snapshot System memory snapshot device
444 232 = /dev/kvm Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
445 233 = /dev/kmview View-OS A process with a view
1da177e4
LT		 446 240-254 Reserved for local use
447 255 Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
448
449 11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
450 0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
451
452 11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
453 0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
454 1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
455 ...
456
457 11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
458 0 = /dev/scd0 First SCSI CD-ROM
459 1 = /dev/scd1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
460 ...
461
462 The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
463
464 12 char QIC-02 tape
465 2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
466 3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
467 4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
468 5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
469 6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
470 7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
471 8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
472 9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
473
474 The device names specified are proposed -- if there
475 are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
476
04c860c1 477 12 block
1da177e4
LT		 478
479 13 char Input core
480 0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
481 1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
482 ...
483 32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
484 33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
485 ...
486 63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
487 64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
488 65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
489 ...
490
491 Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
492
493 13 block 8-bit MFM/RLL/IDE controller
494 0 = /dev/xda First XT disk whole disk
495 64 = /dev/xdb Second XT disk whole disk
496
497 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
498 (see major number 3).
499
500 14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
501 0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
502 1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
503 2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
504 3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
505 4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
04c860c1 506 6 =
1da177e4
LT		 507 7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
508 8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
509 16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
510 17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
511 18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
512 19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
513 20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
514 33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
515 34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
516 50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
30aaa5c6 517
04c860c1 518 14 block
1da177e4
LT		 519
520 15 char Joystick
521 0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
522 1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
523 ...
524 128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
525 129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
526 ...
527 15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
528 0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
529
530 16 char Non-SCSI scanners
531 0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
30aaa5c6 532
1da177e4
LT		 533 16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
534 0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
535
04c860c1 536 17 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
1da177e4
LT		 537 0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
538 1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
539 ...
540 17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
541 0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
542
04c860c1 543 18 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
1da177e4
LT		 544 0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
545 1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
546 ...
547 18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
548 0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
549
550 19 char Cyclades serial card
551 0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
552 ...
553 31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
30aaa5c6 554
1da177e4
LT		 555 19 block "Double" compressed disk
556 0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
557 ...
558 7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
559 128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
560 ...
561 135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
562
563 See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
564 mirror devices.
565
566 20 char Cyclades serial card - alternate devices
567 0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
568 ...
569 31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
30aaa5c6 570
1da177e4
LT		 571 20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
572 0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
573
574 21 char Generic SCSI access
575 0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
576 1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
577 ...
578
579 Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
580 this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
581 the system and is counter to standard Linux
582 device-naming practice.
583
584 21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
585 0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
586 64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
587
588 This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
589 Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
30aaa5c6 590 (see major number 3).
1da177e4
LT		 591
592 22 char Digiboard serial card
593 0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
594 1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
595 ...
596 22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
597 0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
598 64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 599
1da177e4
LT		 600 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
601 interface (see major number 3).
602
603 23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
604 0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
605 1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
606 ...
607 23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
608 0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
609
610 24 char Stallion serial card
611 0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
612 1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
613 ...
614 64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
615 65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
616 ...
617 128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
618 129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
619 ...
620 192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
621 193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
622 ...
623 24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
624 0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
625
626 25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
627 0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
628 1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
629 ...
630 64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
631 65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
632 ...
633 128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
634 129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
635 ...
636 192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
637 193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
638 ...
639 25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
640 0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
641 1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
642 2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
643 3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
644
04c860c1 645 26 char
30aaa5c6 646
1da177e4
LT		 647 26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
648 0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
649 1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
650 2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
651 3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
652
653 27 char QIC-117 tape
654 0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
655 1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
656 2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
657 3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
658 4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
659 5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
660 6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
661 7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
662 16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
663 17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
664 18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
665 19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
666 20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
667 21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
668 22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
669 23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
670 32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
671 33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
672 34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
673 35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
674 36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
675 37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
676 38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
677 39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
30aaa5c6 678
1da177e4
LT		 679 27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
680 0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
681 1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
682 2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
683 3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
684
685 28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
686 0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
687 1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
688 2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
689 3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
30aaa5c6 690
1da177e4
LT		 691 28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
692 0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
693 1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
694 ...
695 28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
696 0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
697 1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
698 2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
699 3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
30aaa5c6 700
1da177e4
LT		 701 28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
702 0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
703 16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
704 32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
705 ...
706 240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
707
708 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
709 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
710 partitions is 15, like SCSI.
711
712 29 char Universal frame buffer
713 0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
714 1 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
715 ...
716 31 = /dev/fb31 32nd frame buffer
717
718 29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
719 0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
720
721 30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
722 0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
723 1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
724 32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
725 33 = /dev/inet/icmp
726 34 = /dev/inet/ggp
727 35 = /dev/inet/ipip
728 36 = /dev/inet/tcp
729 37 = /dev/inet/egp
730 38 = /dev/inet/pup
731 39 = /dev/inet/udp
732 40 = /dev/inet/idp
733 41 = /dev/inet/rawip
734
735 Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
736
737 /dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
738 /dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
739 /dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
740 /dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
741 /dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
742 /dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
743 /dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
744 /dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
745 /dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
746 /dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
747 /dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
748 /dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
749 /dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
750 /dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
751
752 30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
753 0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
754
755 /dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
756 driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
757
758 31 char MPU-401 MIDI
759 0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
760 1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
30aaa5c6 761
1da177e4
LT		 762 31 block ROM/flash memory card
763 0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
764 ...
765 7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
766 8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
767 ...
768 15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
769 16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
770 ...
771 23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
772 24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
773 ...
774 31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
775
776 The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
777 written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
778 devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
779 only.
780
781 32 char Specialix serial card
782 0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
783 1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
784 ...
785 32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
786 0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
787
788 33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
789 0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
790 1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
791 ...
792 33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
793 0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
794 64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
795
796 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
797 interface (see major number 3).
798
799 34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
800 0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
801 1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
802 2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
803 3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
804 ...
805
806 In a previous version these devices were named
807 /dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
808 on.
809
810 34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
811 0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
812 64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
30aaa5c6 813
1da177e4
LT		 814 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
815 interface (see major number 3).
816
817 35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
818 0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
819 1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
820 2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
821 3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
822 64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
823 65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
824 66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
825 67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
826 128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
827 129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
828 130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
829 131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
30aaa5c6 830
1da177e4
LT		 831 35 block Slow memory ramdisk
832 0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
833
834 36 char Netlink support
835 0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
836 1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
837 3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
838 16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
839 ...
840 31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
30aaa5c6 841
1da177e4
LT		 842 36 block MCA ESDI hard disk
843 0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk
844 64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
845 ...
846
847 Partitions are handled in the same way as IDE disks
848 (see major number 3).
849
850 37 char IDE tape
851 0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
852 1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
853 ...
854 128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
855 129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
856 ...
857
858 Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
859
860 37 block Zorro II ramdisk
861 0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
862
863 38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
864 0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
865 1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
866 ...
867
868 This device is used for status query, board control
869 and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
870 accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
871
04c860c1 872 38 block OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
1da177e4
LT		 873
874 39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
875 0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
876 1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
877 ...
878 15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
879 16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
880 17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
881 18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
882 19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
883 32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
884 33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
885 ...
886 47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
887 48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
888 49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
889 50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
890 51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
891 ...
04c860c1 892 39 block
1da177e4 893
04c860c1 894 40 char
30aaa5c6 895
04c860c1 896 40 block
1da177e4
LT		 897
898 41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
899 0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
30aaa5c6 900
04c860c1 901 41 block
1da177e4
LT		 902
903 42 char Demo/sample use
30aaa5c6 904
1da177e4
LT		 905 42 block Demo/sample use
906
907 This number is intended for use in sample code, as
908 well as a general "example" device number. It
909 should never be used for a device driver that is being
910 distributed; either obtain an official number or use
911 the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
912 removal of a driver with this number should not cause
913 ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
914
915 IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
916 DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
917
918 43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
919 0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
920 ...
921 63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
30aaa5c6 922
1da177e4
LT		 923 43 block Network block devices
924 0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
925 1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
926 ...
927
928 Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
929 devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
930 network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
931 sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
932 to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
933 the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
934
935 44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
936 0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
937 ...
938 63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
30aaa5c6 939
1da177e4
LT		 940 44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
941 0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
942 16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
943 32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
944 ...
30aaa5c6 945 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
1da177e4
LT		 946
947 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
11420211 948 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
1da177e4
LT		 949 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
950
951 45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
952 0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
953 ...
954 63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
955 64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
956 ...
957 127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
958
959 128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
960 ...
961 191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
962
963 255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
30aaa5c6 964
1da177e4
LT		 965 45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
966 0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
967 16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
968 32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
969 48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
970
971 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
972 disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
973 limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
974
975 46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
976 0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
977 1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
978 ...
979 46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
980 0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
981 1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
982 2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
983 3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
984
985 47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
986 0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
987 1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
988 ...
989 47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
990 0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
991 1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
992 2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
993 3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
994
995 This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
996 devices and hence does not support partitioning.
997
998 48 char SDL RISCom serial card
999 0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
1000 1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
1001 ...
1002 48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
1003 0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
1004 8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
1005 ...
1006 248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1007
1008 For partitions add:
1009 0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
1010 1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
1011 ...
1012 7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition
1013
1014 49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
1015 0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
1016 1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
1017 ...
1018 49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
1019 0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
1020 8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
1021 ...
1022 248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1023
1024 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1025
1026 50 char Reserved for GLINT
1027
1028 50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
1029 0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
1030 8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
1031 ...
1032 248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1033
1034 51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
1035 0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
1036 1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
1037 ...
1038 51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
1039 0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
1040 8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
1041 ...
1042 248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1043
1044 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1045
1046 52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
1047 0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
1048 1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
1049 2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
1050 3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
30aaa5c6 1051
1da177e4
LT		 1052 52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
1053 0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
1054 8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
1055 ...
1056 248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1057
1058 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1059
1060 53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
1061 0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
1062 1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
1063 2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
1064 4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
1065 5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
1066 6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
1067
1068 This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
1069 microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
1070 Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
1071 Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
1072 by P&E.
1073
1074 53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
1075 0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
1076 8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
1077 ...
1078 248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1079
1080 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1081
1082 54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
1083 0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
1084 1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
1085 2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port
1086
1087 A custom serial card used by Electrocardiognosis SRL
1088 <[email protected]> to transfer data from Holter
1089 24-hour heart monitoring equipment.
1090
1091 54 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; seventh controller
1092 0 = /dev/rd/c6d0 First disk, whole disk
1093 8 = /dev/rd/c6d1 Second disk, whole disk
1094 ...
1095 248 = /dev/rd/c6d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1096
1097 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1098
1099 55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
1100 0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
30aaa5c6 1101
5d3f083d 1102 55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1103 0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
1104 8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
1105 ...
1106 248 = /dev/rd/c7d31 32nd disk, whole disk
1107
1108 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
1109
1110 56 char Apple Desktop Bus
1111 0 = /dev/adb ADB bus control
1112
1113 Additional devices will be added to this number, all
1114 starting with /dev/adb.
1115
1116 56 block Fifth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1117 0 = /dev/hdi Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1118 64 = /dev/hdj Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1119
1120 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1121 interface (see major number 3).
1122
1123 57 char Hayes ESP serial card
1124 0 = /dev/ttyP0 First ESP port
1125 1 = /dev/ttyP1 Second ESP port
1126 ...
1127
1128 57 block Sixth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1129 0 = /dev/hdk Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1130 64 = /dev/hdl Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1131
1132 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1133 interface (see major number 3).
1134
1135 58 char Hayes ESP serial card - alternate devices
1136 0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
1137 1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
1138 ...
30aaa5c6 1139
1da177e4
LT		 1140 58 block Reserved for logical volume manager
1141
1142 59 char sf firewall package
1143 0 = /dev/firewall Communication with sf kernel module
1144
1145 59 block Generic PDA filesystem device
1146 0 = /dev/pda0 First PDA device
1147 1 = /dev/pda1 Second PDA device
1148 ...
1149
1150 The pda devices are used to mount filesystems on
1151 remote pda's (basically slow handheld machines with
1152 proprietary OS's and limited memory and storage
1153 running small fs translation drivers) through serial /
1154 IRDA / parallel links.
1155
1156 NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
1157
1158 60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 1159
1da177e4
LT		 1160 60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
1161 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
1162 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
1163 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
1164
1165 64 char ENskip kernel encryption package
1166 0 = /dev/enskip Communication with ENskip kernel module
1167
1168 64 block Scramdisk/DriveCrypt encrypted devices
1169 0 = /dev/scramdisk/master Master node for ioctls
1170 1 = /dev/scramdisk/1 First encrypted device
1171 2 = /dev/scramdisk/2 Second encrypted device
1172 ...
1173 255 = /dev/scramdisk/255 255th encrypted device
1174
1175 The filename of the encrypted container and the passwords
1176 are sent via ioctls (using the sdmount tool) to the master
1177 node which then activates them via one of the
11420211 1178 /dev/scramdisk/x nodes for loop mounting (all handled
1da177e4
LT		 1179 through the sdmount tool).
1180
1181 Requested by: [email protected]
1182
1183 65 char Sundance "plink" Transputer boards (obsolete, unused)
1184 0 = /dev/plink0 First plink device
1185 1 = /dev/plink1 Second plink device
1186 2 = /dev/plink2 Third plink device
1187 3 = /dev/plink3 Fourth plink device
1188 64 = /dev/rplink0 First plink device, raw
1189 65 = /dev/rplink1 Second plink device, raw
1190 66 = /dev/rplink2 Third plink device, raw
1191 67 = /dev/rplink3 Fourth plink device, raw
1192 128 = /dev/plink0d First plink device, debug
1193 129 = /dev/plink1d Second plink device, debug
1194 130 = /dev/plink2d Third plink device, debug
1195 131 = /dev/plink3d Fourth plink device, debug
1196 192 = /dev/rplink0d First plink device, raw, debug
1197 193 = /dev/rplink1d Second plink device, raw, debug
1198 194 = /dev/rplink2d Third plink device, raw, debug
1199 195 = /dev/rplink3d Fourth plink device, raw, debug
1200
1201 This is a commercial driver; contact James Howes
1202 <[email protected]> for information.
1203
1204 65 block SCSI disk devices (16-31)
1205 0 = /dev/sdq 17th SCSI disk whole disk
1206 16 = /dev/sdr 18th SCSI disk whole disk
1207 32 = /dev/sds 19th SCSI disk whole disk
1208 ...
1209 240 = /dev/sdaf 32nd SCSI disk whole disk
1210
1211 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1212 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1213 partitions is 15.
1214
1215 66 char YARC PowerPC PCI coprocessor card
1216 0 = /dev/yppcpci0 First YARC card
1217 1 = /dev/yppcpci1 Second YARC card
1218 ...
1219
1220 66 block SCSI disk devices (32-47)
1221 0 = /dev/sdag 33th SCSI disk whole disk
1222 16 = /dev/sdah 34th SCSI disk whole disk
1223 32 = /dev/sdai 35th SCSI disk whole disk
1224 ...
1225 240 = /dev/sdav 48nd SCSI disk whole disk
1226
1227 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1228 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1229 partitions is 15.
1230
1231 67 char Coda network file system
1232 0 = /dev/cfs0 Coda cache manager
1233
1234 See http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu for information about Coda.
1235
1236 67 block SCSI disk devices (48-63)
1237 0 = /dev/sdaw 49th SCSI disk whole disk
1238 16 = /dev/sdax 50th SCSI disk whole disk
1239 32 = /dev/sday 51st SCSI disk whole disk
1240 ...
1241 240 = /dev/sdbl 64th SCSI disk whole disk
1242
1243 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1244 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1245 partitions is 15.
1246
1247 68 char CAPI 2.0 interface
1248 0 = /dev/capi20 Control device
1249 1 = /dev/capi20.00 First CAPI 2.0 application
1250 2 = /dev/capi20.01 Second CAPI 2.0 application
1251 ...
1252 20 = /dev/capi20.19 19th CAPI 2.0 application
1253
1254 ISDN CAPI 2.0 driver for use with CAPI 2.0
1255 applications; currently supports the AVM B1 card.
1256
1257 68 block SCSI disk devices (64-79)
1258 0 = /dev/sdbm 65th SCSI disk whole disk
1259 16 = /dev/sdbn 66th SCSI disk whole disk
1260 32 = /dev/sdbo 67th SCSI disk whole disk
1261 ...
1262 240 = /dev/sdcb 80th SCSI disk whole disk
1263
1264 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1265 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1266 partitions is 15.
1267
1268 69 char MA16 numeric accelerator card
1269 0 = /dev/ma16 Board memory access
1270
1271 69 block SCSI disk devices (80-95)
1272 0 = /dev/sdcc 81st SCSI disk whole disk
1273 16 = /dev/sdcd 82nd SCSI disk whole disk
1274 32 = /dev/sdce 83th SCSI disk whole disk
1275 ...
1276 240 = /dev/sdcr 96th SCSI disk whole disk
1277
1278 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1279 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1280 partitions is 15.
1281
1282 70 char SpellCaster Protocol Services Interface
1283 0 = /dev/apscfg Configuration interface
1284 1 = /dev/apsauth Authentication interface
1285 2 = /dev/apslog Logging interface
1286 3 = /dev/apsdbg Debugging interface
1287 64 = /dev/apsisdn ISDN command interface
1288 65 = /dev/apsasync Async command interface
1289 128 = /dev/apsmon Monitor interface
1290
1291 70 block SCSI disk devices (96-111)
1292 0 = /dev/sdcs 97th SCSI disk whole disk
1293 16 = /dev/sdct 98th SCSI disk whole disk
1294 32 = /dev/sdcu 99th SCSI disk whole disk
1295 ...
1296 240 = /dev/sddh 112nd SCSI disk whole disk
1297
1298 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1299 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1300 partitions is 15.
1301
1302 71 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card
1303 0 = /dev/ttyF0 IntelliPort II board 0, port 0
1304 1 = /dev/ttyF1 IntelliPort II board 0, port 1
1305 ...
1306 63 = /dev/ttyF63 IntelliPort II board 0, port 63
1307 64 = /dev/ttyF64 IntelliPort II board 1, port 0
1308 65 = /dev/ttyF65 IntelliPort II board 1, port 1
1309 ...
1310 127 = /dev/ttyF127 IntelliPort II board 1, port 63
1311 128 = /dev/ttyF128 IntelliPort II board 2, port 0
1312 129 = /dev/ttyF129 IntelliPort II board 2, port 1
1313 ...
1314 191 = /dev/ttyF191 IntelliPort II board 2, port 63
1315 192 = /dev/ttyF192 IntelliPort II board 3, port 0
1316 193 = /dev/ttyF193 IntelliPort II board 3, port 1
1317 ...
1318 255 = /dev/ttyF255 IntelliPort II board 3, port 63
1319
1320 71 block SCSI disk devices (112-127)
1321 0 = /dev/sddi 113th SCSI disk whole disk
1322 16 = /dev/sddj 114th SCSI disk whole disk
1323 32 = /dev/sddk 115th SCSI disk whole disk
1324 ...
1325 240 = /dev/sddx 128th SCSI disk whole disk
1326
1327 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1328 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1329 partitions is 15.
1330
1331 72 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - alternate devices
1332 0 = /dev/cuf0 Callout device for ttyF0
1333 1 = /dev/cuf1 Callout device for ttyF1
1334 ...
1335 63 = /dev/cuf63 Callout device for ttyF63
1336 64 = /dev/cuf64 Callout device for ttyF64
1337 65 = /dev/cuf65 Callout device for ttyF65
1338 ...
1339 127 = /dev/cuf127 Callout device for ttyF127
1340 128 = /dev/cuf128 Callout device for ttyF128
1341 129 = /dev/cuf129 Callout device for ttyF129
1342 ...
1343 191 = /dev/cuf191 Callout device for ttyF191
1344 192 = /dev/cuf192 Callout device for ttyF192
1345 193 = /dev/cuf193 Callout device for ttyF193
1346 ...
1347 255 = /dev/cuf255 Callout device for ttyF255
1348
1349 72 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, first controller
1350 0 = /dev/ida/c0d0 First logical drive whole disk
1351 16 = /dev/ida/c0d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1352 ...
1353 240 = /dev/ida/c0d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1354
1355 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1356 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1357 partitions is 15.
1358
1359 73 char Computone IntelliPort II serial card - control devices
1360 0 = /dev/ip2ipl0 Loadware device for board 0
1361 1 = /dev/ip2stat0 Status device for board 0
1362 4 = /dev/ip2ipl1 Loadware device for board 1
1363 5 = /dev/ip2stat1 Status device for board 1
1364 8 = /dev/ip2ipl2 Loadware device for board 2
1365 9 = /dev/ip2stat2 Status device for board 2
1366 12 = /dev/ip2ipl3 Loadware device for board 3
1367 13 = /dev/ip2stat3 Status device for board 3
1368
1369 73 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, second controller
1370 0 = /dev/ida/c1d0 First logical drive whole disk
1371 16 = /dev/ida/c1d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1372 ...
1373 240 = /dev/ida/c1d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1374
1375 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1376 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1377 partitions is 15.
1378
1379 74 char SCI bridge
1380 0 = /dev/SCI/0 SCI device 0
1381 1 = /dev/SCI/1 SCI device 1
1382 ...
1383
1384 Currently for Dolphin Interconnect Solutions' PCI-SCI
1385 bridge.
1386
1387 74 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, third controller
1388 0 = /dev/ida/c2d0 First logical drive whole disk
1389 16 = /dev/ida/c2d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1390 ...
1391 240 = /dev/ida/c2d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1392
1393 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1394 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1395 partitions is 15.
1396
1397 75 char Specialix IO8+ serial card
1398 0 = /dev/ttyW0 First IO8+ port, first card
1399 1 = /dev/ttyW1 Second IO8+ port, first card
1400 ...
1401 8 = /dev/ttyW8 First IO8+ port, second card
1402 ...
1403
1404 75 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fourth controller
1405 0 = /dev/ida/c3d0 First logical drive whole disk
1406 16 = /dev/ida/c3d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1407 ...
1408 240 = /dev/ida/c3d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1409
1410 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1411 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1412 partitions is 15.
1413
1414 76 char Specialix IO8+ serial card - alternate devices
1415 0 = /dev/cuw0 Callout device for ttyW0
1416 1 = /dev/cuw1 Callout device for ttyW1
1417 ...
1418 8 = /dev/cuw8 Callout device for ttyW8
1419 ...
1420
1421 76 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, fifth controller
1422 0 = /dev/ida/c4d0 First logical drive whole disk
1423 16 = /dev/ida/c4d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1424 ...
1425 240 = /dev/ida/c4d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1426
1427 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1428 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1429 partitions is 15.
1430
1431
1432 77 char ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1433 0 = /dev/qng ComScire Quantum Noise Generator
1434
1435 77 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, sixth controller
1436 0 = /dev/ida/c5d0 First logical drive whole disk
1437 16 = /dev/ida/c5d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1438 ...
1439 240 = /dev/ida/c5d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1440
1441 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1442 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1443 partitions is 15.
1444
1da177e4
LT		 1445 78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
1446 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1447 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
1448 ...
1449
1450 78 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, seventh controller
1451 0 = /dev/ida/c6d0 First logical drive whole disk
1452 16 = /dev/ida/c6d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1453 ...
1454 240 = /dev/ida/c6d15 16th logical drive whole disk
1455
1456 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1457 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1458 partitions is 15.
1459
1da177e4
LT		 1460 79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
1461 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1462 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1463 ...
1464
5d3f083d 1465 79 block Compaq Intelligent Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1466 0 = /dev/ida/c7d0 First logical drive whole disk
1467 16 = /dev/ida/c7d1 Second logical drive whole disk
1468 ...
1469 240 = /dev/ida/c715 16th logical drive whole disk
1470
1471 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1472 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1473 partitions is 15.
1474
1da177e4
LT		 1475 80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1476 0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
1477
1478 80 block I2O hard disk
1479 0 = /dev/i2o/hda First I2O hard disk, whole disk
1480 16 = /dev/i2o/hdb Second I2O hard disk, whole disk
1481 ...
1482 240 = /dev/i2o/hdp 16th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1483
1484 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1485 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1486 partitions is 15.
1487
1488 81 char video4linux
1489 0 = /dev/video0 Video capture/overlay device
1490 ...
1491 63 = /dev/video63 Video capture/overlay device
1492 64 = /dev/radio0 Radio device
1493 ...
1494 127 = /dev/radio63 Radio device
1495 192 = /dev/vtx0 Teletext device
1496 ...
1497 223 = /dev/vtx31 Teletext device
1498 224 = /dev/vbi0 Vertical blank interrupt
1499 ...
1500 255 = /dev/vbi31 Vertical blank interrupt
1501
1502 81 block I2O hard disk
1503 0 = /dev/i2o/hdq 17th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1504 16 = /dev/i2o/hdr 18th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1505 ...
1506 240 = /dev/i2o/hdaf 32nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1507
1508 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1509 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1510 partitions is 15.
1511
1512 82 char WiNRADiO communications receiver card
1513 0 = /dev/winradio0 First WiNRADiO card
1514 1 = /dev/winradio1 Second WiNRADiO card
1515 ...
1516
1517 The driver and documentation may be obtained from
1518 http://www.proximity.com.au/~brian/winradio/
1519
1520 82 block I2O hard disk
1521 0 = /dev/i2o/hdag 33rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1522 16 = /dev/i2o/hdah 34th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1523 ...
1524 240 = /dev/i2o/hdav 48th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1525
1526 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1527 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1528 partitions is 15.
1529
1530 83 char Matrox mga_vid video driver
1531 0 = /dev/mga_vid0 1st video card
1532 1 = /dev/mga_vid1 2nd video card
1533 2 = /dev/mga_vid2 3rd video card
1534 ...
1535 15 = /dev/mga_vid15 16th video card
1536
1537 83 block I2O hard disk
1538 0 = /dev/i2o/hdaw 49th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1539 16 = /dev/i2o/hdax 50th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1540 ...
1541 240 = /dev/i2o/hdbl 64th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1542
1543 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1544 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1545 partitions is 15.
1546
1547 84 char Ikon 1011[57] Versatec Greensheet Interface
1548 0 = /dev/ihcp0 First Greensheet port
1549 1 = /dev/ihcp1 Second Greensheet port
1550
1551 84 block I2O hard disk
1552 0 = /dev/i2o/hdbm 65th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1553 16 = /dev/i2o/hdbn 66th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1554 ...
1555 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcb 80th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1556
1557 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1558 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1559 partitions is 15.
1560
1561 85 char Linux/SGI shared memory input queue
1562 0 = /dev/shmiq Master shared input queue
1563 1 = /dev/qcntl0 First device pushed
1564 2 = /dev/qcntl1 Second device pushed
1565 ...
1566
1567 85 block I2O hard disk
1568 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcc 81st I2O hard disk, whole disk
1569 16 = /dev/i2o/hdcd 82nd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1570 ...
1571 240 = /dev/i2o/hdcr 96th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1572
1573 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1574 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1575 partitions is 15.
1576
1577 86 char SCSI media changer
1578 0 = /dev/sch0 First SCSI media changer
1579 1 = /dev/sch1 Second SCSI media changer
1580 ...
1581
1582 86 block I2O hard disk
1583 0 = /dev/i2o/hdcs 97th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1584 16 = /dev/i2o/hdct 98th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1585 ...
1586 240 = /dev/i2o/hddh 112th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1587
1588 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1589 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1590 partitions is 15.
1591
1592 87 char Sony Control-A1 stereo control bus
1593 0 = /dev/controla0 First device on chain
1594 1 = /dev/controla1 Second device on chain
1595 ...
1596
1597 87 block I2O hard disk
1598 0 = /dev/i2o/hddi 113rd I2O hard disk, whole disk
1599 16 = /dev/i2o/hddj 114th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1600 ...
1601 240 = /dev/i2o/hddx 128th I2O hard disk, whole disk
1602
1603 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1604 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1605 partitions is 15.
1606
1607 88 char COMX synchronous serial card
1608 0 = /dev/comx0 COMX channel 0
1609 1 = /dev/comx1 COMX channel 1
1610 ...
1611
1612 88 block Seventh IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1613 0 = /dev/hdm Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1614 64 = /dev/hdn Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1615
1616 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1617 interface (see major number 3).
1618
1619 89 char I2C bus interface
1620 0 = /dev/i2c-0 First I2C adapter
1621 1 = /dev/i2c-1 Second I2C adapter
1622 ...
1623
1624 89 block Eighth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1625 0 = /dev/hdo Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1626 64 = /dev/hdp Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1627
1628 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1629 interface (see major number 3).
1630
1631 90 char Memory Technology Device (RAM, ROM, Flash)
1632 0 = /dev/mtd0 First MTD (rw)
1633 1 = /dev/mtdr0 First MTD (ro)
1634 ...
1635 30 = /dev/mtd15 16th MTD (rw)
1636 31 = /dev/mtdr15 16th MTD (ro)
1637
1638 90 block Ninth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1639 0 = /dev/hdq Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1640 64 = /dev/hdr Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1641
1642 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1643 interface (see major number 3).
1644
1645 91 char CAN-Bus devices
1646 0 = /dev/can0 First CAN-Bus controller
1647 1 = /dev/can1 Second CAN-Bus controller
1648 ...
1649
1650 91 block Tenth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
1651 0 = /dev/hds Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1652 64 = /dev/hdt Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
1653
1654 Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
1655 interface (see major number 3).
1656
1657 92 char Reserved for ith Kommunikationstechnik MIC ISDN card
1658
1659 92 block PPDD encrypted disk driver
1660 0 = /dev/ppdd0 First encrypted disk
1661 1 = /dev/ppdd1 Second encrypted disk
1662 ...
1663
1664 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1665 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1666 partitions is 15.
1667
04c860c1 1668 93 char
1da177e4
LT		 1669
1670 93 block NAND Flash Translation Layer filesystem
1671 0 = /dev/nftla First NFTL layer
1672 16 = /dev/nftlb Second NFTL layer
1673 ...
1674 240 = /dev/nftlp 16th NTFL layer
1675
04c860c1 1676 94 char
1da177e4 1677
30aaa5c6 1678 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
1da177e4
LT		 1679 0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1680 1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
1681 2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
1682 3 = /dev/dasda3 First DASD device, block 3
1683 4 = /dev/dasdb Second DASD device, major
1684 5 = /dev/dasdb1 Second DASD device, block 1
1685 6 = /dev/dasdb2 Second DASD device, block 2
1686 7 = /dev/dasdb3 Second DASD device, block 3
1687 ...
1688
1689 95 char IP filter
1690 0 = /dev/ipl Filter control device/log file
1691 1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
1692 2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
1693 3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
30aaa5c6 1694 ...
1da177e4
LT		 1695
1696 96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
1697 0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
1698 1 = /dev/pt1 Second parallel port ATAPI tape
1699 ...
1700 128 = /dev/npt0 First p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1701 129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
1702 ...
1703
30aaa5c6 1704 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
1da177e4
LT		 1705 0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
1706 16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
1707 ...
1708 240 = /dev/inftlp 16th INTFL layer
1709
1710 97 char Parallel port generic ATAPI interface
1711 0 = /dev/pg0 First parallel port ATAPI device
1712 1 = /dev/pg1 Second parallel port ATAPI device
1713 2 = /dev/pg2 Third parallel port ATAPI device
1714 3 = /dev/pg3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI device
1715
1716 These devices support the same API as the generic SCSI
1717 devices.
1718
1da177e4
LT		 1719 98 char Control and Measurement Device (comedi)
1720 0 = /dev/comedi0 First comedi device
1721 1 = /dev/comedi1 Second comedi device
1722 ...
1723
1724 See http://stm.lbl.gov/comedi or http://www.llp.fu-berlin.de/.
1725
1726 98 block User-mode virtual block device
1727 0 = /dev/ubda First user-mode block device
1728 16 = /dev/udbb Second user-mode block device
1729 ...
1730
1731 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1732 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1733 partitions is 15.
1734
1735 This device is used by the user-mode virtual kernel port.
1736
1737 99 char Raw parallel ports
1738 0 = /dev/parport0 First parallel port
1739 1 = /dev/parport1 Second parallel port
1740 ...
1741
1742 99 block JavaStation flash disk
1743 0 = /dev/jsfd JavaStation flash disk
1744
1745100 char Telephony for Linux
1746 0 = /dev/phone0 First telephony device
1747 1 = /dev/phone1 Second telephony device
1748 ...
1749
1750101 char Motorola DSP 56xxx board
1751 0 = /dev/mdspstat Status information
1752 1 = /dev/mdsp1 First DSP board I/O controls
1753 ...
1754 16 = /dev/mdsp16 16th DSP board I/O controls
1755
1756101 block AMI HyperDisk RAID controller
1757 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar0 First array whole disk
1758 16 = /dev/amiraid/ar1 Second array whole disk
1759 ...
1760 240 = /dev/amiraid/ar15 16th array whole disk
1761
1762 For each device, partitions are added as:
1763 0 = /dev/amiraid/ar? Whole disk
1764 1 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p1 First partition
1765 2 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p2 Second partition
1766 ...
1767 15 = /dev/amiraid/ar?p15 15th partition
1768
04c860c1 1769102 char
1da177e4
LT		 1770
1771102 block Compressed block device
1772 0 = /dev/cbd/a First compressed block device, whole device
1773 16 = /dev/cbd/b Second compressed block device, whole device
1774 ...
1775 240 = /dev/cbd/p 16th compressed block device, whole device
1776
1777 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1778 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1779 partitions is 15.
1780
1781103 char Arla network file system
1782 0 = /dev/nnpfs0 First NNPFS device
1783 1 = /dev/nnpfs1 Second NNPFS device
1784
1785 Arla is a free clone of the Andrew File System, AFS.
1786 The NNPFS device gives user mode filesystem
1787 implementations a kernel presence for caching and easy
1788 mounting. For more information about the project,
1789 write to <[email protected]> or see
1790 http://www.stacken.kth.se/project/arla/
1791
1792103 block Audit device
1793 0 = /dev/audit Audit device
1794
1795104 char Flash BIOS support
1796
1797104 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, first controller
1798 0 = /dev/cciss/c0d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1799 16 = /dev/cciss/c0d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1800 ...
1801 240 = /dev/cciss/c0d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1802
1803 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1804 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1805 partitions is 15.
1806
1807105 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller
1808 0 = /dev/ttyV0 First VS-1000 port
1809 1 = /dev/ttyV1 Second VS-1000 port
1810 ...
1811
1812105 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, second controller
1813 0 = /dev/cciss/c1d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1814 16 = /dev/cciss/c1d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1815 ...
1816 240 = /dev/cciss/c1d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1817
1818 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1819 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1820 partitions is 15.
1821
1822106 char Comtrol VS-1000 serial controller - alternate devices
1823 0 = /dev/cuv0 First VS-1000 port
1824 1 = /dev/cuv1 Second VS-1000 port
1825 ...
1826
1827106 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, third controller
1828 0 = /dev/cciss/c2d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1829 16 = /dev/cciss/c2d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1830 ...
1831 240 = /dev/cciss/c2d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1832
1833 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1834 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1835 partitions is 15.
1836
1837107 char 3Dfx Voodoo Graphics device
1838 0 = /dev/3dfx Primary 3Dfx graphics device
1839
1840107 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fourth controller
1841 0 = /dev/cciss/c3d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1842 16 = /dev/cciss/c3d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1843 ...
1844 240 = /dev/cciss/c3d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1845
1846 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1847 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1848 partitions is 15.
1849
1850108 char Device independent PPP interface
1851 0 = /dev/ppp Device independent PPP interface
1852
1853108 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, fifth controller
1854 0 = /dev/cciss/c4d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1855 16 = /dev/cciss/c4d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1856 ...
1857 240 = /dev/cciss/c4d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1858
1859 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1860 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1861 partitions is 15.
1862
1863109 char Reserved for logical volume manager
1864
1865109 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, sixth controller
1866 0 = /dev/cciss/c5d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1867 16 = /dev/cciss/c5d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1868 ...
1869 240 = /dev/cciss/c5d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1870
1871 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1872 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1873 partitions is 15.
1874
1875110 char miroMEDIA Surround board
1876 0 = /dev/srnd0 First miroMEDIA Surround board
1877 1 = /dev/srnd1 Second miroMEDIA Surround board
1878 ...
1879
1880110 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, seventh controller
1881 0 = /dev/cciss/c6d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1882 16 = /dev/cciss/c6d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1883 ...
1884 240 = /dev/cciss/c6d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1885
1886 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1887 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1888 partitions is 15.
1889
04c860c1 1890111 char
1da177e4 1891
5d3f083d 1892111 block Compaq Next Generation Drive Array, eighth controller
1da177e4
LT		 1893 0 = /dev/cciss/c7d0 First logical drive, whole disk
1894 16 = /dev/cciss/c7d1 Second logical drive, whole disk
1895 ...
1896 240 = /dev/cciss/c7d15 16th logical drive, whole disk
1897
1898 Partitions are handled the same way as for Mylex
1899 DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
1900 partitions is 15.
1901
1902112 char ISI serial card
1903 0 = /dev/ttyM0 First ISI port
1904 1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second ISI port
1905 ...
1906
1907 There is currently a device-naming conflict between
1908 these and PAM multimodems (major 78).
1909
1910112 block IBM iSeries virtual disk
1911 0 = /dev/iseries/vda First virtual disk, whole disk
1912 8 = /dev/iseries/vdb Second virtual disk, whole disk
1913 ...
1914 200 = /dev/iseries/vdz 26th virtual disk, whole disk
1915 208 = /dev/iseries/vdaa 27th virtual disk, whole disk
1916 ...
1917 248 = /dev/iseries/vdaf 32nd virtual disk, whole disk
1918
1919 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1920 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1921 partitions is 7.
1922
1923113 char ISI serial card - alternate devices
1924 0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1925 1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
1926 ...
1927
1928113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
1da177e4
LT		 1929 0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1930 1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
1931 ...
1932
1933114 char Picture Elements ISE board
1934 0 = /dev/ise0 First ISE board
1935 1 = /dev/ise1 Second ISE board
1936 ...
1937 128 = /dev/isex0 Control node for first ISE board
1938 129 = /dev/isex1 Control node for second ISE board
1939 ...
1940
1941 The ISE board is an embedded computer, optimized for
1942 image processing. The /dev/iseN nodes are the general
1943 I/O access to the board, the /dev/isex0 nodes command
1944 nodes used to control the board.
1945
1946114 block IDE BIOS powered software RAID interfaces such as the
1947 Promise Fastrak
1948
1949 0 = /dev/ataraid/d0
1950 1 = /dev/ataraid/d0p1
1951 2 = /dev/ataraid/d0p2
1952 ...
1953 16 = /dev/ataraid/d1
1954 17 = /dev/ataraid/d1p1
1955 18 = /dev/ataraid/d1p2
1956 ...
1957 255 = /dev/ataraid/d15p15
1958
1959 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
1960 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
1961 partitions is 15.
1962
1963115 char TI link cable devices (115 was formerly the console driver speaker)
1964 0 = /dev/tipar0 Parallel cable on first parallel port
1965 ...
1966 7 = /dev/tipar7 Parallel cable on seventh parallel port
1967
1968 8 = /dev/tiser0 Serial cable on first serial port
1969 ...
1970 15 = /dev/tiser7 Serial cable on seventh serial port
1971
1972 16 = /dev/tiusb0 First USB cable
1973 ...
1974 47 = /dev/tiusb31 32nd USB cable
1975
1976115 block NetWare (NWFS) Devices (0-255)
1977
1978 The NWFS (NetWare) devices are used to present a
1979 collection of NetWare Mirror Groups or NetWare
1980 Partitions as a logical storage segment for
1981 use in mounting NetWare volumes. A maximum of
1982 256 NetWare volumes can be supported in a single
1983 machine.
1984
1985 http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/jmerkey/nwfs
1986
1987 0 = /dev/nwfs/v0 First NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1988 1 = /dev/nwfs/v1 Second NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1989 2 = /dev/nwfs/v2 Third NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1990 ...
1991 255 = /dev/nwfs/v255 Last NetWare (NWFS) Logical Volume
1992
1993116 char Advanced Linux Sound Driver (ALSA)
1994
1995116 block MicroMemory battery backed RAM adapter (NVRAM)
992caacf 1996 Supports 16 boards, 15 partitions each.
1da177e4
LT		 1997 Requested by neilb at cse.unsw.edu.au.
1998
1999 0 = /dev/umem/d0 Whole of first board
2000 1 = /dev/umem/d0p1 First partition of first board
2001 2 = /dev/umem/d0p2 Second partition of first board
2002 15 = /dev/umem/d0p15 15th partition of first board
2003
2004 16 = /dev/umem/d1 Whole of second board
2005 17 = /dev/umem/d1p1 First partition of second board
2006 ...
2007 255= /dev/umem/d15p15 15th partition of 16th board.
2008
2009117 char COSA/SRP synchronous serial card
2010 0 = /dev/cosa0c0 1st board, 1st channel
2011 1 = /dev/cosa0c1 1st board, 2nd channel
2012 ...
2013 16 = /dev/cosa1c0 2nd board, 1st channel
2014 17 = /dev/cosa1c1 2nd board, 2nd channel
2015 ...
2016
2017117 block Enterprise Volume Management System (EVMS)
2018
2019 The EVMS driver uses a layered, plug-in model to provide
2020 unparalleled flexibility and extensibility in managing
2021 storage. This allows for easy expansion or customization
2022 of various levels of volume management. Requested by
2023 Mark Peloquin (peloquin at us.ibm.com).
2024
2025 Note: EVMS populates and manages all the devnodes in
2026 /dev/evms.
2027
2028 http://sf.net/projects/evms
2029
2030 0 = /dev/evms/block_device EVMS block device
2031 1 = /dev/evms/legacyname1 First EVMS legacy device
2032 2 = /dev/evms/legacyname2 Second EVMS legacy device
2033 ...
2034 Both ranges can grow (down or up) until they meet.
2035 ...
2036 254 = /dev/evms/EVMSname2 Second EVMS native device
2037 255 = /dev/evms/EVMSname1 First EVMS native device
2038
2039 Note: legacyname(s) are derived from the normal legacy
2040 device names. For example, /dev/hda5 would become
2041 /dev/evms/hda5.
2042
2043118 char IBM Cryptographic Accelerator
2044 0 = /dev/ica Virtual interface to all IBM Crypto Accelerators
2045 1 = /dev/ica0 IBMCA Device 0
2046 2 = /dev/ica1 IBMCA Device 1
2047 ...
2048
2049119 char VMware virtual network control
04c860c1
AC		 2050 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
2051 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
1da177e4
LT		 2052 ...
2053
2054120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 2055
1da177e4
LT		 2056120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
2057 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
2058 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
2059 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
2060
2061128-135 char Unix98 PTY masters
2062
2063 These devices should not have corresponding device
2064 nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
2065 /dev/ptmx cloning interface.
2066
1da177e4
LT		 2067128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143)
2068 0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk
2069 16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk
2070 32 = /dev/sdea 131th SCSI disk whole disk
2071 ...
2072 240 = /dev/sden 144th SCSI disk whole disk
2073
2074 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2075 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2076 partitions is 15.
2077
1da177e4
LT		 2078129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159)
2079 0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk
2080 16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk
2081 32 = /dev/sdeq 147th SCSI disk whole disk
2082 ...
2083 240 = /dev/sdfd 160th SCSI disk whole disk
2084
2085 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2086 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2087 partitions is 15.
2088
2089130 char (Misc devices)
2090
2091130 block SCSI disk devices (160-175)
2092 0 = /dev/sdfe 161st SCSI disk whole disk
2093 16 = /dev/sdff 162nd SCSI disk whole disk
2094 32 = /dev/sdfg 163rd SCSI disk whole disk
2095 ...
2096 240 = /dev/sdft 176th SCSI disk whole disk
2097
2098 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2099 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2100 partitions is 15.
2101
2102131 block SCSI disk devices (176-191)
2103 0 = /dev/sdfu 177th SCSI disk whole disk
2104 16 = /dev/sdfv 178th SCSI disk whole disk
2105 32 = /dev/sdfw 179th SCSI disk whole disk
2106 ...
2107 240 = /dev/sdgj 192nd SCSI disk whole disk
2108
2109 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2110 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2111 partitions is 15.
2112
1da177e4
LT		 2113132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207)
2114 0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk
2115 16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk
2116 32 = /dev/sdgm 195th SCSI disk whole disk
2117 ...
2118 240 = /dev/sdgz 208th SCSI disk whole disk
2119
2120 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2121 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2122 partitions is 15.
2123
1da177e4
LT		 2124133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223)
2125 0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk
2126 16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk
2127 32 = /dev/sdhc 211th SCSI disk whole disk
2128 ...
2129 240 = /dev/sdhp 224th SCSI disk whole disk
2130
2131 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2132 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2133 partitions is 15.
2134
1da177e4
LT		 2135134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239)
2136 0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk
2137 16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk
2138 32 = /dev/sdhs 227th SCSI disk whole disk
2139 ...
2140 240 = /dev/sdif 240th SCSI disk whole disk
2141
2142 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2143 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2144 partitions is 15.
2145
1da177e4
LT		 2146135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255)
2147 0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk
2148 16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk
2149 32 = /dev/sdih 243rd SCSI disk whole disk
2150 ...
2151 240 = /dev/sdiv 256th SCSI disk whole disk
2152
2153 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2154 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2155 partitions is 15.
2156
1da177e4
LT		 2157136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
2158 0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
01dd2fbf 2159 1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pseudo-TTY
1da177e4
LT		 2160 ...
2161
2162 These device nodes are automatically generated with
2163 the proper permissions and modes by mounting the
2164 devpts filesystem onto /dev/pts with the appropriate
2165 mount options (distribution dependent, however, on
2166 *most* distributions the appropriate options are
2167 "mode=0620,gid=<gid of the "tty" group>".)
2168
2169136 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; ninth controller
2170 0 = /dev/rd/c8d0 First disk, whole disk
2171 8 = /dev/rd/c8d1 Second disk, whole disk
2172 ...
2173 248 = /dev/rd/c8d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2174
2175 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2176
2177137 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; tenth controller
2178 0 = /dev/rd/c9d0 First disk, whole disk
2179 8 = /dev/rd/c9d1 Second disk, whole disk
2180 ...
2181 248 = /dev/rd/c9d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2182
2183 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2184
2185138 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eleventh controller
2186 0 = /dev/rd/c10d0 First disk, whole disk
2187 8 = /dev/rd/c10d1 Second disk, whole disk
2188 ...
2189 248 = /dev/rd/c10d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2190
2191 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2192
2193139 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; twelfth controller
2194 0 = /dev/rd/c11d0 First disk, whole disk
2195 8 = /dev/rd/c11d1 Second disk, whole disk
2196 ...
2197 248 = /dev/rd/c11d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2198
2199 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2200
2201140 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; thirteenth controller
2202 0 = /dev/rd/c12d0 First disk, whole disk
2203 8 = /dev/rd/c12d1 Second disk, whole disk
2204 ...
2205 248 = /dev/rd/c12d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2206
2207 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2208
2209141 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourteenth controller
2210 0 = /dev/rd/c13d0 First disk, whole disk
2211 8 = /dev/rd/c13d1 Second disk, whole disk
2212 ...
2213 248 = /dev/rd/c13d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2214
2215 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2216
2217142 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifteenth controller
2218 0 = /dev/rd/c14d0 First disk, whole disk
2219 8 = /dev/rd/c14d1 Second disk, whole disk
2220 ...
2221 248 = /dev/rd/c14d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2222
2223 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2224
2225143 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixteenth controller
2226 0 = /dev/rd/c15d0 First disk, whole disk
2227 8 = /dev/rd/c15d1 Second disk, whole disk
2228 ...
2229 248 = /dev/rd/c15d31 32nd disk, whole disk
2230
2231 Partitions are handled as for major 48.
2232
2233144 char Encapsulated PPP
2234 0 = /dev/pppox0 First PPP over Ethernet
2235 ...
2236 63 = /dev/pppox63 64th PPP over Ethernet
2237
2238 This is primarily used for ADSL.
2239
2240 The SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface driver has been
2241 relocated to major 183 due to an unfortunate conflict.
2242
2243144 block Expansion Area #1 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2244 0 = mounted device 256
2245 255 = mounted device 511
2246
2247145 char SAM9407-based soundcard
2248 0 = /dev/sam0_mixer
2249 1 = /dev/sam0_sequencer
2250 2 = /dev/sam0_midi00
2251 3 = /dev/sam0_dsp
2252 4 = /dev/sam0_audio
2253 6 = /dev/sam0_sndstat
2254 18 = /dev/sam0_midi01
2255 34 = /dev/sam0_midi02
2256 50 = /dev/sam0_midi03
2257 64 = /dev/sam1_mixer
2258 ...
2259 128 = /dev/sam2_mixer
2260 ...
2261 192 = /dev/sam3_mixer
2262 ...
2263
2264 Device functions match OSS, but offer a number of
2265 addons, which are sam9407 specific. OSS can be
2266 operated simultaneously, taking care of the codec.
2267
2268145 block Expansion Area #2 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2269 0 = mounted device 512
2270 255 = mounted device 767
2271
2272146 char SYSTRAM SCRAMNet mirrored-memory network
2273 0 = /dev/scramnet0 First SCRAMNet device
2274 1 = /dev/scramnet1 Second SCRAMNet device
2275 ...
2276
2277146 block Expansion Area #3 for more non-device (e.g. NFS) mounts
2278 0 = mounted device 768
2279 255 = mounted device 1023
2280
2281147 char Aureal Semiconductor Vortex Audio device
2282 0 = /dev/aureal0 First Aureal Vortex
2283 1 = /dev/aureal1 Second Aureal Vortex
2284 ...
2285
2286147 block Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD)
2287 0 = /dev/drbd0 First DRBD device
2288 1 = /dev/drbd1 Second DRBD device
2289 ...
2290
2291148 char Technology Concepts serial card
2292 0 = /dev/ttyT0 First TCL port
2293 1 = /dev/ttyT1 Second TCL port
2294 ...
2295
2296149 char Technology Concepts serial card - alternate devices
2297 0 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT0
2298 1 = /dev/cut0 Callout device for ttyT1
2299 ...
2300
2301150 char Real-Time Linux FIFOs
2302 0 = /dev/rtf0 First RTLinux FIFO
2303 1 = /dev/rtf1 Second RTLinux FIFO
2304 ...
2305
2306151 char DPT I2O SmartRaid V controller
2307 0 = /dev/dpti0 First DPT I2O adapter
2308 1 = /dev/dpti1 Second DPT I2O adapter
2309 ...
2310
2311152 char EtherDrive Control Device
2312 0 = /dev/etherd/ctl Connect/Disconnect an EtherDrive
2313 1 = /dev/etherd/err Monitor errors
2314 2 = /dev/etherd/raw Raw AoE packet monitor
2315
2316152 block EtherDrive Block Devices
2317 0 = /dev/etherd/0 EtherDrive 0
2318 ...
2319 255 = /dev/etherd/255 EtherDrive 255
2320
2321153 char SPI Bus Interface (sometimes referred to as MicroWire)
2322 0 = /dev/spi0 First SPI device on the bus
2323 1 = /dev/spi1 Second SPI device on the bus
2324 ...
2325 15 = /dev/spi15 Sixteenth SPI device on the bus
2326
2327153 block Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) storage units
2328 0 = /dev/emd/0 First unit
2329 1 = /dev/emd/0p1 Partition 1 on First unit
2330 2 = /dev/emd/0p2 Partition 2 on First unit
2331 ...
2332 15 = /dev/emd/0p15 Partition 15 on First unit
2333
2334 16 = /dev/emd/1 Second unit
2335 32 = /dev/emd/2 Third unit
2336 ...
2337 240 = /dev/emd/15 Sixteenth unit
2338
2339 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2340 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2341 partitions is 15.
2342
2343154 char Specialix RIO serial card
2344 0 = /dev/ttySR0 First RIO port
2345 ...
2346 255 = /dev/ttySR255 256th RIO port
2347
2348155 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2349 0 = /dev/cusr0 Callout device for ttySR0
2350 ...
2351 255 = /dev/cusr255 Callout device for ttySR255
2352
2353156 char Specialix RIO serial card
2354 0 = /dev/ttySR256 257th RIO port
2355 ...
2356 255 = /dev/ttySR511 512th RIO port
2357
2358157 char Specialix RIO serial card - alternate devices
2359 0 = /dev/cusr256 Callout device for ttySR256
2360 ...
2361 255 = /dev/cusr511 Callout device for ttySR511
2362
2363158 char Dialogic GammaLink fax driver
2364 0 = /dev/gfax0 GammaLink channel 0
2365 1 = /dev/gfax1 GammaLink channel 1
2366 ...
2367
2368159 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 2369
1da177e4
LT		 2370159 block RESERVED
2371
2372160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
2373 0 = /dev/gpib0 First GPIB bus
2374 1 = /dev/gpib1 Second GPIB bus
2375 ...
2376
2377160 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on First Controller
2378 0 = /dev/carmel/0 SATA disk 0 whole disk
2379 1 = /dev/carmel/0p1 SATA disk 0 partition 1
2380 ...
2381 31 = /dev/carmel/0p31 SATA disk 0 partition 31
2382
2383 32 = /dev/carmel/1 SATA disk 1 whole disk
2384 64 = /dev/carmel/2 SATA disk 2 whole disk
2385 ...
2386 224 = /dev/carmel/7 SATA disk 7 whole disk
2387
2388 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2389 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2390 partitions is 31.
2391
2392161 char IrCOMM devices (IrDA serial/parallel emulation)
2393 0 = /dev/ircomm0 First IrCOMM device
2394 1 = /dev/ircomm1 Second IrCOMM device
2395 ...
2396 16 = /dev/irlpt0 First IrLPT device
2397 17 = /dev/irlpt1 Second IrLPT device
2398 ...
2399
2400161 block Carmel 8-port SATA Disks on Second Controller
2401 0 = /dev/carmel/8 SATA disk 8 whole disk
2402 1 = /dev/carmel/8p1 SATA disk 8 partition 1
2403 ...
2404 31 = /dev/carmel/8p31 SATA disk 8 partition 31
2405
2406 32 = /dev/carmel/9 SATA disk 9 whole disk
2407 64 = /dev/carmel/10 SATA disk 10 whole disk
2408 ...
2409 224 = /dev/carmel/15 SATA disk 15 whole disk
2410
2411 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2412 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
30aaa5c6 2413 partitions is 31.
1da177e4
LT		 2414
2415162 char Raw block device interface
2416 0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
2417 1 = /dev/raw/raw1 First raw I/O device
2418 2 = /dev/raw/raw2 Second raw I/O device
2419 ...
2420
04c860c1 2421163 char
1da177e4
LT		 2422
2423164 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card
2424 0 = /dev/ttyCH0 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 0
2425 ...
2426 15 = /dev/ttyCH15 AT/PCI-Fast board 0, port 15
2427 16 = /dev/ttyCH16 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 0
2428 ...
2429 31 = /dev/ttyCH31 AT/PCI-Fast board 1, port 15
2430 32 = /dev/ttyCH32 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 0
2431 ...
2432 47 = /dev/ttyCH47 AT/PCI-Fast board 2, port 15
2433 48 = /dev/ttyCH48 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 0
2434 ...
2435 63 = /dev/ttyCH63 AT/PCI-Fast board 3, port 15
2436
2437165 char Chase Research AT/PCI-Fast serial card - alternate devices
2438 0 = /dev/cuch0 Callout device for ttyCH0
2439 ...
2440 63 = /dev/cuch63 Callout device for ttyCH63
2441
2442166 char ACM USB modems
2443 0 = /dev/ttyACM0 First ACM modem
2444 1 = /dev/ttyACM1 Second ACM modem
2445 ...
2446
2447167 char ACM USB modems - alternate devices
2448 0 = /dev/cuacm0 Callout device for ttyACM0
2449 1 = /dev/cuacm1 Callout device for ttyACM1
2450 ...
2451
2452168 char Eracom CSA7000 PCI encryption adaptor
2453 0 = /dev/ecsa0 First CSA7000
2454 1 = /dev/ecsa1 Second CSA7000
2455 ...
2456
2457169 char Eracom CSA8000 PCI encryption adaptor
2458 0 = /dev/ecsa8-0 First CSA8000
2459 1 = /dev/ecsa8-1 Second CSA8000
2460 ...
2461
2462170 char AMI MegaRAC remote access controller
2463 0 = /dev/megarac0 First MegaRAC card
2464 1 = /dev/megarac1 Second MegaRAC card
2465 ...
2466
2467171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
2468
1da177e4
LT		 2469172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
2470 0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
2471 1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
2472 ...
2473 127 = /dev/ttyMX127 128th Moxa port
2474 128 = /dev/moxactl Moxa control port
2475
2476173 char Moxa Intellio serial card - alternate devices
2477 0 = /dev/cumx0 Callout device for ttyMX0
2478 1 = /dev/cumx1 Callout device for ttyMX1
2479 ...
2480 127 = /dev/cumx127 Callout device for ttyMX127
2481
2482174 char SmartIO serial card
2483 0 = /dev/ttySI0 First SmartIO port
2484 1 = /dev/ttySI1 Second SmartIO port
2485 ...
2486
2487175 char SmartIO serial card - alternate devices
2488 0 = /dev/cusi0 Callout device for ttySI0
2489 1 = /dev/cusi1 Callout device for ttySI1
2490 ...
2491
2492176 char nCipher nFast PCI crypto accelerator
2493 0 = /dev/nfastpci0 First nFast PCI device
2494 1 = /dev/nfastpci1 First nFast PCI device
2495 ...
2496
2497177 char TI PCILynx memory spaces
2498 0 = /dev/pcilynx/aux0 AUX space of first PCILynx card
2499 ...
2500 15 = /dev/pcilynx/aux15 AUX space of 16th PCILynx card
2501 16 = /dev/pcilynx/rom0 ROM space of first PCILynx card
2502 ...
2503 31 = /dev/pcilynx/rom15 ROM space of 16th PCILynx card
2504 32 = /dev/pcilynx/ram0 RAM space of first PCILynx card
2505 ...
2506 47 = /dev/pcilynx/ram15 RAM space of 16th PCILynx card
2507
2508178 char Giganet cLAN1xxx virtual interface adapter
2509 0 = /dev/clanvi0 First cLAN adapter
2510 1 = /dev/clanvi1 Second cLAN adapter
2511 ...
2512
04c860c1
AC		 2513179 block MMC block devices
2514 0 = /dev/mmcblk0 First SD/MMC card
2515 1 = /dev/mmcblk0p1 First partition on first MMC card
2516 8 = /dev/mmcblk1 Second SD/MMC card
2517 ...
2518
1da177e4
LT		 2519179 char CCube DVXChip-based PCI products
2520 0 = /dev/dvxirq0 First DVX device
2521 1 = /dev/dvxirq1 Second DVX device
2522 ...
2523
2524180 char USB devices
2525 0 = /dev/usb/lp0 First USB printer
2526 ...
2527 15 = /dev/usb/lp15 16th USB printer
1da177e4
LT		 2528 48 = /dev/usb/scanner0 First USB scanner
2529 ...
2530 63 = /dev/usb/scanner15 16th USB scanner
2531 64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
2532 65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface ([email protected])
2533 66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
11420211
JE		 2534 96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
2535 ...
2536 111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
04c860c1
AC		 2537 112 = /dev/usb/auer0 1st auerswald ISDN device
2538 ...
2539 127 = /dev/usb/auer15 16th auerswald ISDN device
11420211
JE		 2540 128 = /dev/usb/brlvgr0 First Braille Voyager device
2541 ...
2542 131 = /dev/usb/brlvgr3 Fourth Braille Voyager device
2543 132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
2544 133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
2545 ...
30aaa5c6 2546 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eighth SISUSB VGA device
11420211
JE		 2547 144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
2548 160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
2549 ...
2550 175 = /dev/usb/legousbtower15 16th USB Legotower device
5b775f67
GKH		 2551 176 = /dev/usb/usbtmc1 First USB TMC device
2552 ...
2553 192 = /dev/usb/usbtmc16 16th USB TMC device
11420211
JE		 2554 240 = /dev/usb/dabusb0 First daubusb device
2555 ...
2556 243 = /dev/usb/dabusb3 Fourth dabusb device
1da177e4
LT		 2557
2558180 block USB block devices
953a7f20
PZ		 2559 0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
2560 8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device
2561 16 = /dev/ubc Third USB block device
30aaa5c6 2562 ...
1da177e4
LT		 2563
2564181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
2565 0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
2566 1 = /dev/pcfclock1 Second Conrad radio clock
2567 ...
2568
2569182 char Picture Elements THR2 binarizer
2570 0 = /dev/pethr0 First THR2 board
2571 1 = /dev/pethr1 Second THR2 board
2572 ...
2573
2574183 char SST 5136-DN DeviceNet interface
2575 0 = /dev/ss5136dn0 First DeviceNet interface
2576 1 = /dev/ss5136dn1 Second DeviceNet interface
2577 ...
2578
2579 This device used to be assigned to major number 144.
2580 It had to be moved due to an unfortunate conflict.
2581
2582184 char Picture Elements' video simulator/sender
2583 0 = /dev/pevss0 First sender board
2584 1 = /dev/pevss1 Second sender board
2585 ...
2586
2587185 char InterMezzo high availability file system
2588 0 = /dev/intermezzo0 First cache manager
2589 1 = /dev/intermezzo1 Second cache manager
2590 ...
2591
2592 See http://www.inter-mezzo.org/ for more information.
2593
2594186 char Object-based storage control device
2595 0 = /dev/obd0 First obd control device
2596 1 = /dev/obd1 Second obd control device
2597 ...
2598
2599 See ftp://ftp.lustre.org/pub/obd for code and information.
2600
2601187 char DESkey hardware encryption device
2602 0 = /dev/deskey0 First DES key
2603 1 = /dev/deskey1 Second DES key
2604 ...
2605
2606188 char USB serial converters
2607 0 = /dev/ttyUSB0 First USB serial converter
2608 1 = /dev/ttyUSB1 Second USB serial converter
2609 ...
2610
2611189 char USB serial converters - alternate devices
2612 0 = /dev/cuusb0 Callout device for ttyUSB0
2613 1 = /dev/cuusb1 Callout device for ttyUSB1
2614 ...
2615
2616190 char Kansas City tracker/tuner card
2617 0 = /dev/kctt0 First KCT/T card
2618 1 = /dev/kctt1 Second KCT/T card
2619 ...
2620
2621191 char Reserved for PCMCIA
2622
2623192 char Kernel profiling interface
2624 0 = /dev/profile Profiling control device
2625 1 = /dev/profile0 Profiling device for CPU 0
2626 2 = /dev/profile1 Profiling device for CPU 1
2627 ...
2628
2629193 char Kernel event-tracing interface
2630 0 = /dev/trace Tracing control device
2631 1 = /dev/trace0 Tracing device for CPU 0
2632 2 = /dev/trace1 Tracing device for CPU 1
2633 ...
2634
2635194 char linVideoStreams (LINVS)
2636 0 = /dev/mvideo/status0 Video compression status
2637 1 = /dev/mvideo/stream0 Video stream
2638 2 = /dev/mvideo/frame0 Single compressed frame
2639 3 = /dev/mvideo/rawframe0 Raw uncompressed frame
2640 4 = /dev/mvideo/codec0 Direct codec access
2641 5 = /dev/mvideo/video4linux0 Video4Linux compatibility
2642
2643 16 = /dev/mvideo/status1 Second device
2644 ...
2645 32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
2646 ...
2647 ...
30aaa5c6 2648 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
1da177e4
LT		 2649 ...
2650
2651195 char Nvidia graphics devices
2652 0 = /dev/nvidia0 First Nvidia card
2653 1 = /dev/nvidia1 Second Nvidia card
2654 ...
2655 255 = /dev/nvidiactl Nvidia card control device
2656
2657196 char Tormenta T1 card
2658 0 = /dev/tor/0 Master control channel for all cards
2659 1 = /dev/tor/1 First DS0
2660 2 = /dev/tor/2 Second DS0
2661 ...
2662 48 = /dev/tor/48 48th DS0
2663 49 = /dev/tor/49 First pseudo-channel
2664 50 = /dev/tor/50 Second pseudo-channel
2665 ...
2666
2667197 char OpenTNF tracing facility
2668 0 = /dev/tnf/t0 Trace 0 data extraction
2669 1 = /dev/tnf/t1 Trace 1 data extraction
2670 ...
2671 128 = /dev/tnf/status Tracing facility status
2672 130 = /dev/tnf/trace Tracing device
2673
2674198 char Total Impact TPMP2 quad coprocessor PCI card
2675 0 = /dev/tpmp2/0 First card
2676 1 = /dev/tpmp2/1 Second card
2677 ...
2678
2679199 char Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2680 0 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* First volume
2681 1 = /dev/vx/rdsk/*/* Second volume
2682 ...
2683
2684199 block Veritas volume manager (VxVM) volumes
2685 0 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* First volume
2686 1 = /dev/vx/dsk/*/* Second volume
2687 ...
2688
2689 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2690 the user space VxVM software.
2691
2692200 char Veritas VxVM configuration interface
2693 0 = /dev/vx/config Configuration access node
2694 1 = /dev/vx/trace Volume i/o trace access node
2695 2 = /dev/vx/iod Volume i/o daemon access node
2696 3 = /dev/vx/info Volume information access node
2697 4 = /dev/vx/task Volume tasks access node
2698 5 = /dev/vx/taskmon Volume tasks monitor daemon
2699
2700201 char Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2701 0 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* First multipath device
2702 1 = /dev/vx/rdmp/* Second multipath device
2703 ...
2704201 block Veritas VxVM dynamic multipathing driver
2705 0 = /dev/vx/dmp/* First multipath device
2706 1 = /dev/vx/dmp/* Second multipath device
2707 ...
2708
2709 The namespace in these directories is maintained by
2710 the user space VxVM software.
2711
2712202 char CPU model-specific registers
2713 0 = /dev/cpu/0/msr MSRs on CPU 0
2714 1 = /dev/cpu/1/msr MSRs on CPU 1
2715 ...
2716
11420211
JE		 2717202 block Xen Virtual Block Device
2718 0 = /dev/xvda First Xen VBD whole disk
2719 16 = /dev/xvdb Second Xen VBD whole disk
2720 32 = /dev/xvdc Third Xen VBD whole disk
2721 ...
2722 240 = /dev/xvdp Sixteenth Xen VBD whole disk
2723
2724 Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
2725 disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
2726 partitions is 15.
2727
1da177e4
LT		 2728203 char CPU CPUID information
2729 0 = /dev/cpu/0/cpuid CPUID on CPU 0
2730 1 = /dev/cpu/1/cpuid CPUID on CPU 1
2731 ...
2732
2733204 char Low-density serial ports
2734 0 = /dev/ttyLU0 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 0
2735 1 = /dev/ttyLU1 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 1
2736 2 = /dev/ttyLU2 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 2
2737 3 = /dev/ttyLU3 LinkUp Systems L72xx UART - port 3
2738 4 = /dev/ttyFB0 Intel Footbridge (ARM)
2739 5 = /dev/ttySA0 StrongARM builtin serial port 0
2740 6 = /dev/ttySA1 StrongARM builtin serial port 1
2741 7 = /dev/ttySA2 StrongARM builtin serial port 2
2742 8 = /dev/ttySC0 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 0
2743 9 = /dev/ttySC1 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 1
2744 10 = /dev/ttySC2 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 2
2745 11 = /dev/ttySC3 SCI serial port (SuperH) - port 3
2746 12 = /dev/ttyFW0 Firmware console - port 0
2747 13 = /dev/ttyFW1 Firmware console - port 1
2748 14 = /dev/ttyFW2 Firmware console - port 2
2749 15 = /dev/ttyFW3 Firmware console - port 3
2750 16 = /dev/ttyAM0 ARM "AMBA" serial port 0
2751 ...
2752 31 = /dev/ttyAM15 ARM "AMBA" serial port 15
2753 32 = /dev/ttyDB0 DataBooster serial port 0
2754 ...
2755 39 = /dev/ttyDB7 DataBooster serial port 7
2756 40 = /dev/ttySG0 SGI Altix console port
2757 41 = /dev/ttySMX0 Motorola i.MX - port 0
2758 42 = /dev/ttySMX1 Motorola i.MX - port 1
2759 43 = /dev/ttySMX2 Motorola i.MX - port 2
2760 44 = /dev/ttyMM0 Marvell MPSC - port 0
2761 45 = /dev/ttyMM1 Marvell MPSC - port 1
2762 46 = /dev/ttyCPM0 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 0
2763 ...
2764 47 = /dev/ttyCPM5 PPC CPM (SCC or SMC) - port 5
11420211
JE		 2765 50 = /dev/ttyIOC0 Altix serial card
2766 ...
2767 81 = /dev/ttyIOC31 Altix serial card
2768 82 = /dev/ttyVR0 NEC VR4100 series SIU
2769 83 = /dev/ttyVR1 NEC VR4100 series DSIU
2770 84 = /dev/ttyIOC84 Altix ioc4 serial card
2771 ...
2772 115 = /dev/ttyIOC115 Altix ioc4 serial card
2773 116 = /dev/ttySIOC0 Altix ioc3 serial card
2774 ...
2775 147 = /dev/ttySIOC31 Altix ioc3 serial card
2776 148 = /dev/ttyPSC0 PPC PSC - port 0
2777 ...
2778 153 = /dev/ttyPSC5 PPC PSC - port 5
2779 154 = /dev/ttyAT0 ATMEL serial port 0
1da177e4 2780 ...
11420211
JE		 2781 169 = /dev/ttyAT15 ATMEL serial port 15
2782 170 = /dev/ttyNX0 Hilscher netX serial port 0
2783 ...
2784 185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
a4521948 2785 186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
30aaa5c6
TM		 2786 187 = /dev/ttyUL0 Xilinx uartlite - port 0
2787 ...
2788 190 = /dev/ttyUL3 Xilinx uartlite - port 3
2789 191 = /dev/xvc0 Xen virtual console - port 0
04c860c1
AC		 2790 192 = /dev/ttyPZ0 pmac_zilog - port 0
2791 ...
2792 195 = /dev/ttyPZ3 pmac_zilog - port 3
2793 196 = /dev/ttyTX0 TX39/49 serial port 0
2794 ...
2795 204 = /dev/ttyTX7 TX39/49 serial port 7
2796 205 = /dev/ttySC0 SC26xx serial port 0
2797 206 = /dev/ttySC1 SC26xx serial port 1
2798 207 = /dev/ttySC2 SC26xx serial port 2
2799 208 = /dev/ttySC3 SC26xx serial port 3
05b36302
AC		 2800 209 = /dev/ttyMAX0 MAX3100 serial port 0
2801 210 = /dev/ttyMAX1 MAX3100 serial port 1
2802 211 = /dev/ttyMAX2 MAX3100 serial port 2
2803 212 = /dev/ttyMAX3 MAX3100 serial port 3
1da177e4
LT		 2804
2805205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
2806 0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
2807 1 = /dev/culu1 Callout device for ttyLU1
2808 2 = /dev/culu2 Callout device for ttyLU2
2809 3 = /dev/culu3 Callout device for ttyLU3
2810 4 = /dev/cufb0 Callout device for ttyFB0
2811 5 = /dev/cusa0 Callout device for ttySA0
2812 6 = /dev/cusa1 Callout device for ttySA1
2813 7 = /dev/cusa2 Callout device for ttySA2
2814 8 = /dev/cusc0 Callout device for ttySC0
2815 9 = /dev/cusc1 Callout device for ttySC1
2816 10 = /dev/cusc2 Callout device for ttySC2
2817 11 = /dev/cusc3 Callout device for ttySC3
2818 12 = /dev/cufw0 Callout device for ttyFW0
2819 13 = /dev/cufw1 Callout device for ttyFW1
2820 14 = /dev/cufw2 Callout device for ttyFW2
2821 15 = /dev/cufw3 Callout device for ttyFW3
2822 16 = /dev/cuam0 Callout device for ttyAM0
2823 ...
2824 31 = /dev/cuam15 Callout device for ttyAM15
2825 32 = /dev/cudb0 Callout device for ttyDB0
2826 ...
2827 39 = /dev/cudb7 Callout device for ttyDB7
2828 40 = /dev/cusg0 Callout device for ttySG0
2829 41 = /dev/ttycusmx0 Callout device for ttySMX0
2830 42 = /dev/ttycusmx1 Callout device for ttySMX1
2831 43 = /dev/ttycusmx2 Callout device for ttySMX2
2832 46 = /dev/cucpm0 Callout device for ttyCPM0
2833 ...
2834 49 = /dev/cucpm5 Callout device for ttyCPM5
2835 50 = /dev/cuioc40 Callout device for ttyIOC40
2836 ...
2837 81 = /dev/cuioc431 Callout device for ttyIOC431
11420211
JE		 2838 82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
2839 83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
1da177e4 2840
1da177e4
LT		 2841206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
2842 0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2843 1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
2844 ...
2845 32 = /dev/osst0l First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2846 33 = /dev/osst1l Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 1
2847 ...
2848 64 = /dev/osst0m First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2849 65 = /dev/osst1m Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 2
2850 ...
2851 96 = /dev/osst0a First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2852 97 = /dev/osst1a Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 3
2853 ...
2854 128 = /dev/nosst0 No rewind version of /dev/osst0
2855 129 = /dev/nosst1 No rewind version of /dev/osst1
2856 ...
2857 160 = /dev/nosst0l No rewind version of /dev/osst0l
2858 161 = /dev/nosst1l No rewind version of /dev/osst1l
2859 ...
2860 192 = /dev/nosst0m No rewind version of /dev/osst0m
2861 193 = /dev/nosst1m No rewind version of /dev/osst1m
2862 ...
2863 224 = /dev/nosst0a No rewind version of /dev/osst0a
2864 225 = /dev/nosst1a No rewind version of /dev/osst1a
2865 ...
2866
2867 The OnStream SC-x0 SCSI tapes do not support the
2868 standard SCSI SASD command set and therefore need
2869 their own driver "osst". Note that the IDE, USB (and
2870 maybe ParPort) versions may be driven via ide-scsi or
2871 usb-storage SCSI emulation and this osst device and
2872 driver as well. The ADR-x0 drives are QIC-157
2873 compliant and don't need osst.
2874
2875207 char Compaq ProLiant health feature indicate
2876 0 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpqw Redirector interface
2877 1 = /dev/cpqhealth/crom EISA CROM
2878 2 = /dev/cpqhealth/cdt Data Table
2879 3 = /dev/cpqhealth/cevt Event Log
2880 4 = /dev/cpqhealth/casr Automatic Server Recovery
2881 5 = /dev/cpqhealth/cecc ECC Memory
2882 6 = /dev/cpqhealth/cmca Machine Check Architecture
2883 7 = /dev/cpqhealth/ccsm Deprecated CDT
2884 8 = /dev/cpqhealth/cnmi NMI Handling
2885 9 = /dev/cpqhealth/css Sideshow Management
2886 10 = /dev/cpqhealth/cram CMOS interface
2887 11 = /dev/cpqhealth/cpci PCI IRQ interface
2888
2889208 char User space serial ports
2890 0 = /dev/ttyU0 First user space serial port
2891 1 = /dev/ttyU1 Second user space serial port
2892 ...
2893
2894209 char User space serial ports (alternate devices)
2895 0 = /dev/cuu0 Callout device for ttyU0
2896 1 = /dev/cuu1 Callout device for ttyU1
2897 ...
2898
2899210 char SBE, Inc. sync/async serial card
2900 0 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg0 Configuration device for board 0
2901 1 = /dev/sbei/dld0 Download device for board 0
2902 2 = /dev/sbei/wan00 WAN device, port 0, board 0
2903 3 = /dev/sbei/wan01 WAN device, port 1, board 0
2904 4 = /dev/sbei/wan02 WAN device, port 2, board 0
2905 5 = /dev/sbei/wan03 WAN device, port 3, board 0
2906 6 = /dev/sbei/wanc00 WAN clone device, port 0, board 0
2907 7 = /dev/sbei/wanc01 WAN clone device, port 1, board 0
2908 8 = /dev/sbei/wanc02 WAN clone device, port 2, board 0
2909 9 = /dev/sbei/wanc03 WAN clone device, port 3, board 0
2910 10 = /dev/sbei/wxcfg1 Configuration device for board 1
2911 11 = /dev/sbei/dld1 Download device for board 1
2912 12 = /dev/sbei/wan10 WAN device, port 0, board 1
2913 13 = /dev/sbei/wan11 WAN device, port 1, board 1
2914 14 = /dev/sbei/wan12 WAN device, port 2, board 1
2915 15 = /dev/sbei/wan13 WAN device, port 3, board 1
2916 16 = /dev/sbei/wanc10 WAN clone device, port 0, board 1
2917 17 = /dev/sbei/wanc11 WAN clone device, port 1, board 1
2918 18 = /dev/sbei/wanc12 WAN clone device, port 2, board 1
2919 19 = /dev/sbei/wanc13 WAN clone device, port 3, board 1
2920 ...
2921
2922 Yes, each board is really spaced 10 (decimal) apart.
2923
2924211 char Addinum CPCI1500 digital I/O card
2925 0 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/0 First CPCI1500 card
2926 1 = /dev/addinum/cpci1500/1 Second CPCI1500 card
2927 ...
2928
2929212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
1da177e4
LT		 2930 0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card
2931 1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card
2932 2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused)
2933 3 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/frontend0 first frontend device of first card
2934 4 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/demux0 first demux device of first card
2935 5 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/dvr0 first digital video recoder device of first card
2936 6 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/ca0 first common access port of first card
2937 7 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/net0 first network device of first card
2938 8 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/osd0 first on-screen-display device of first card
2939 9 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video1 second video decoder of first card
2940 ...
2941 64 = /dev/dvb/adapter1/video0 first video decoder of second card
2942 ...
2943 128 = /dev/dvb/adapter2/video0 first video decoder of third card
2944 ...
2945 196 = /dev/dvb/adapter3/video0 first video decoder of fourth card
2946
c611d2cd
MH		 2947216 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices
2948 0 = /dev/rfcomm0 First Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
2949 1 = /dev/rfcomm1 Second Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY device
1da177e4
LT		 2950 ...
2951
c611d2cd
MH		 2952217 char Bluetooth RFCOMM TTY devices (alternate devices)
2953 0 = /dev/curf0 Callout device for rfcomm0
2954 1 = /dev/curf1 Callout device for rfcomm1
1da177e4
LT		 2955 ...
2956
2957218 char The Logical Company bus Unibus/Qbus adapters
2958 0 = /dev/logicalco/bci/0 First bus adapter
2959 1 = /dev/logicalco/bci/1 First bus adapter
2960 ...
2961
2962219 char The Logical Company DCI-1300 digital I/O card
2963 0 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/0 First DCI-1300 card
2964 1 = /dev/logicalco/dci1300/1 Second DCI-1300 card
2965 ...
2966
2967220 char Myricom Myrinet "GM" board
2968 0 = /dev/myricom/gm0 First Myrinet GM board
2969 1 = /dev/myricom/gmp0 First board "root access"
2970 2 = /dev/myricom/gm1 Second Myrinet GM board
2971 3 = /dev/myricom/gmp1 Second board "root access"
2972 ...
2973
2974221 char VME bus
2975 0 = /dev/bus/vme/m0 First master image
2976 1 = /dev/bus/vme/m1 Second master image
2977 2 = /dev/bus/vme/m2 Third master image
2978 3 = /dev/bus/vme/m3 Fourth master image
2979 4 = /dev/bus/vme/s0 First slave image
2980 5 = /dev/bus/vme/s1 Second slave image
2981 6 = /dev/bus/vme/s2 Third slave image
2982 7 = /dev/bus/vme/s3 Fourth slave image
2983 8 = /dev/bus/vme/ctl Control
2984
2985 It is expected that all VME bus drivers will use the
2986 same interface. For interface documentation see
2987 http://www.vmelinux.org/.
2988
2989224 char A2232 serial card
2990 0 = /dev/ttyY0 First A2232 port
2991 1 = /dev/ttyY1 Second A2232 port
2992 ...
2993
2994225 char A2232 serial card (alternate devices)
2995 0 = /dev/cuy0 Callout device for ttyY0
2996 1 = /dev/cuy1 Callout device for ttyY1
2997 ...
2998
2999226 char Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI)
3000 0 = /dev/dri/card0 First graphics card
3001 1 = /dev/dri/card1 Second graphics card
3002 ...
3003
3004227 char IBM 3270 terminal Unix tty access
3005 1 = /dev/3270/tty1 First 3270 terminal
3006 2 = /dev/3270/tty2 Seconds 3270 terminal
3007 ...
3008
3009228 char IBM 3270 terminal block-mode access
3010 0 = /dev/3270/tub Controlling interface
3011 1 = /dev/3270/tub1 First 3270 terminal
3012 2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal
3013 ...
3014
30aaa5c6
TM		 3015229 char IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
3016 0 = /dev/hvc0 First console port
3017 1 = /dev/hvc1 Second console port
1da177e4
LT		 3018 ...
3019
3020230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
3021 0 = /dev/iseries/vt0 First virtual tape, mode 0
3022 1 = /dev/iseries/vt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0
3023 ...
3024 32 = /dev/iseries/vt0l First virtual tape, mode 1
3025 33 = /dev/iseries/vt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1
3026 ...
3027 64 = /dev/iseries/vt0m First virtual tape, mode 2
3028 65 = /dev/iseries/vt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2
3029 ...
3030 96 = /dev/iseries/vt0a First virtual tape, mode 3
3031 97 = /dev/iseries/vt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3
3032 ...
3033 128 = /dev/iseries/nvt0 First virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3034 129 = /dev/iseries/nvt1 Second virtual tape, mode 0, no rewind
3035 ...
3036 160 = /dev/iseries/nvt0l First virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3037 161 = /dev/iseries/nvt1l Second virtual tape, mode 1, no rewind
3038 ...
3039 192 = /dev/iseries/nvt0m First virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3040 193 = /dev/iseries/nvt1m Second virtual tape, mode 2, no rewind
3041 ...
3042 224 = /dev/iseries/nvt0a First virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3043 225 = /dev/iseries/nvt1a Second virtual tape, mode 3, no rewind
3044 ...
3045
3046 "No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
3047 automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
3048 ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
3049 the device used to access it.
3050
11420211 3051231 char InfiniBand
1da177e4
LT		 3052 0 = /dev/infiniband/umad0
3053 1 = /dev/infiniband/umad1
11420211
JE		 3054 ...
3055 63 = /dev/infiniband/umad63 63rd InfiniBandMad device
3056 64 = /dev/infiniband/issm0 First InfiniBand IsSM device
3057 65 = /dev/infiniband/issm1 Second InfiniBand IsSM device
3058 ...
3059 127 = /dev/infiniband/issm63 63rd InfiniBand IsSM device
3060 128 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs0 First InfiniBand verbs device
3061 129 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs1 Second InfiniBand verbs device
3062 ...
3063 159 = /dev/infiniband/uverbs31 31st InfiniBand verbs device
3064
3065232 char Biometric Devices
3066 0 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on first device
3067 1 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/iris first iris sensor on first device
3068 2 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/retina first retina sensor on first device
3069 3 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/voiceprint first voiceprint sensor on first device
3070 4 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/facial first facial sensor on first device
3071 5 = /dev/biometric/sensor0/hand first hand sensor on first device
3072 ...
3073 10 = /dev/biometric/sensor1/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on second device
3074 ...
3075 20 = /dev/biometric/sensor2/fingerprint first fingerprint sensor on third device
3076 ...
1da177e4 3077
11420211
JE		 3078233 char PathScale InfiniPath interconnect
3079 0 = /dev/ipath Primary device for programs (any unit)
3080 1 = /dev/ipath0 Access specifically to unit 0
3081 2 = /dev/ipath1 Access specifically to unit 1
3082 ...
3083 4 = /dev/ipath3 Access specifically to unit 3
3084 129 = /dev/ipath_sma Device used by Subnet Management Agent
3085 130 = /dev/ipath_diag Device used by diagnostics programs
3086
3087234-239 UNASSIGNED
1da177e4
LT		 3088
3089240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
30aaa5c6 3090
1da177e4
LT		 3091240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
3092 Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
3093 assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
3094 used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
3095
3096255 char RESERVED
30aaa5c6 3097
1da177e4
LT		 3098255 block RESERVED
3099
3100 This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
3101 larger number space. No device nodes with this major
3102 should ever be created on the filesystem.
992caacf 3103 (This is probably not true anymore, but I'll leave it
11420211
JE		 3104 for now /Torben)
3105
3106---LARGE MAJORS!!!!!---
3107
3108256 char Equinox SST multi-port serial boards
3109 0 = /dev/ttyEQ0 First serial port on first Equinox SST board
3110 127 = /dev/ttyEQ127 Last serial port on first Equinox SST board
3111 128 = /dev/ttyEQ128 First serial port on second Equinox SST board
3112 ...
3113 1027 = /dev/ttyEQ1027 Last serial port on eighth Equinox SST board
3114
3115256 block Resident Flash Disk Flash Translation Layer
3116 0 = /dev/rfda First RFD FTL layer
3117 16 = /dev/rfdb Second RFD FTL layer
3118 ...
3119 240 = /dev/rfdp 16th RFD FTL layer
3120
a4521948
JE		 3121257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
3122 0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver
3123
30aaa5c6
TM		 3124257 block SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
3125 0 = /dev/ssfdca First SSFDC layer
3126 8 = /dev/ssfdcb Second SSFDC layer
3127 16 = /dev/ssfdcc Third SSFDC layer
3128 24 = /dev/ssfdcd 4th SSFDC layer
3129 32 = /dev/ssfdce 5th SSFDC layer
3130 40 = /dev/ssfdcf 6th SSFDC layer
3131 48 = /dev/ssfdcg 7th SSFDC layer
3132 56 = /dev/ssfdch 8th SSFDC layer
3133
3134258 block ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
3135 0 = /dev/blockrom0 First ROM card's translation layer interface
3136 1 = /dev/blockrom1 Second ROM card's translation layer interface
3137 ...
1da177e4 3138
04c860c1
AC		 3139259 block Block Extended Major
3140 Used dynamically to hold additional partition minor
3141 numbers and allow large numbers of partitions per device
3142
3143259 char FPGA configuration interfaces
3144 0 = /dev/icap0 First Xilinx internal configuration
3145 1 = /dev/icap1 Second Xilinx internal configuration
3146
71969fd9
BH		 3147260 char OSD (Object-based-device) SCSI Device
3148 0 = /dev/osd0 First OSD Device
3149 1 = /dev/osd1 Second OSD Device
3150 ...
3151 255 = /dev/osd255 256th OSD Device
3152
1da177e4
LT		 3153 **** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
3154
3155This section details additional entries that should or may exist in
3156the /dev directory. It is preferred that symbolic links use the same
3157form (absolute or relative) as is indicated here. Links are
3158classified as "hard" or "symbolic" depending on the preferred type of
3159link; if possible, the indicated type of link should be used.
3160
3161
3162 Compulsory links
3163
3164These links should exist on all systems:
3165
3166/dev/fd /proc/self/fd symbolic File descriptors
3167/dev/stdin fd/0 symbolic stdin file descriptor
3168/dev/stdout fd/1 symbolic stdout file descriptor
3169/dev/stderr fd/2 symbolic stderr file descriptor
3170/dev/nfsd socksys symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3171/dev/X0R null symbolic Required by iBCS-2
3172
3173Note: /dev/X0R is <letter X>-<digit 0>-<letter R>.
3174
3175 Recommended links
3176
3177It is recommended that these links exist on all systems:
3178
3179/dev/core /proc/kcore symbolic Backward compatibility
3180/dev/ramdisk ram0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3181/dev/ftape qft0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3182/dev/bttv0 video0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3183/dev/radio radio0 symbolic Backward compatibility
3184/dev/i2o* /dev/i2o/* symbolic Backward compatibility
3185/dev/scd? sr? hard Alternate SCSI CD-ROM name
3186
3187 Locally defined links
3188
3189The following links may be established locally to conform to the
3190configuration of the system. This is merely a tabulation of existing
3191practice, and does not constitute a recommendation. However, if they
3192exist, they should have the following uses.
3193
3194/dev/mouse mouse port symbolic Current mouse device
3195/dev/tape tape device symbolic Current tape device
3196/dev/cdrom CD-ROM device symbolic Current CD-ROM device
3197/dev/cdwriter CD-writer symbolic Current CD-writer device
3198/dev/scanner scanner symbolic Current scanner device
3199/dev/modem modem port symbolic Current dialout device
3200/dev/root root device symbolic Current root filesystem
3201/dev/swap swap device symbolic Current swap device
3202
3203/dev/modem should not be used for a modem which supports dialin as
3204well as dialout, as it tends to cause lock file problems. If it
3205exists, /dev/modem should point to the appropriate primary TTY device
3206(the use of the alternate callout devices is deprecated).
3207
3208For SCSI devices, /dev/tape and /dev/cdrom should point to the
3209``cooked'' devices (/dev/st* and /dev/sr*, respectively), whereas
3210/dev/cdwriter and /dev/scanner should point to the appropriate generic
3211SCSI devices (/dev/sg*).
3212
3213/dev/mouse may point to a primary serial TTY device, a hardware mouse
3214device, or a socket for a mouse driver program (e.g. /dev/gpmdata).
3215
3216 Sockets and pipes
3217
3218Non-transient sockets and named pipes may exist in /dev. Common entries are:
3219
3220/dev/printer socket lpd local socket
3221/dev/log socket syslog local socket
3222/dev/gpmdata socket gpm mouse multiplexer
3223
3224 Mount points
3225
3226The following names are reserved for mounting special filesystems
3227under /dev. These special filesystems provide kernel interfaces that
3228cannot be provided with standard device nodes.
3229
3230/dev/pts devpts PTY slave filesystem
3231/dev/shm tmpfs POSIX shared memory maintenance access
3232
3233 **** TERMINAL DEVICES
3234
3235Terminal, or TTY devices are a special class of character devices. A
3236terminal device is any device that could act as a controlling terminal
3237for a session; this includes virtual consoles, serial ports, and
3238pseudoterminals (PTYs).
3239
3240All terminal devices share a common set of capabilities known as line
fff9289b 3241disciplines; these include the common terminal line discipline as well
1da177e4
LT		 3242as SLIP and PPP modes.
3243
3244All terminal devices are named similarly; this section explains the
3245naming and use of the various types of TTYs. Note that the naming
3246conventions include several historical warts; some of these are
3247Linux-specific, some were inherited from other systems, and some
3248reflect Linux outgrowing a borrowed convention.
3249
3250A hash mark (#) in a device name is used here to indicate a decimal
3251number without leading zeroes.
3252
3253 Virtual consoles and the console device
3254
3255Virtual consoles are full-screen terminal displays on the system video
3256monitor. Virtual consoles are named /dev/tty#, with numbering
3257starting at /dev/tty1; /dev/tty0 is the current virtual console.
3258/dev/tty0 is the device that should be used to access the system video
3259card on those architectures for which the frame buffer devices
3260(/dev/fb*) are not applicable. Do not use /dev/console
3261for this purpose.
3262
3263The console device, /dev/console, is the device to which system
3264messages should be sent, and on which logins should be permitted in
3265single-user mode. Starting with Linux 2.1.71, /dev/console is managed
3266by the kernel; for previous versions it should be a symbolic link to
3267either /dev/tty0, a specific virtual console such as /dev/tty1, or to
3268a serial port primary (tty*, not cu*) device, depending on the
3269configuration of the system.
3270
3271 Serial ports
3272
3273Serial ports are RS-232 serial ports and any device which simulates
3274one, either in hardware (such as internal modems) or in software (such
3275as the ISDN driver.) Under Linux, each serial ports has two device
3276names, the primary or callin device and the alternate or callout one.
3277Each kind of device is indicated by a different letter. For any
3278letter X, the names of the devices are /dev/ttyX# and /dev/cux#,
3279respectively; for historical reasons, /dev/ttyS# and /dev/ttyC#
3280correspond to /dev/cua# and /dev/cub#. In the future, it should be
3281expected that multiple letters will be used; all letters will be upper
3282case for the "tty" device (e.g. /dev/ttyDP#) and lower case for the
3283"cu" device (e.g. /dev/cudp#).
3284
3285The names /dev/ttyQ# and /dev/cuq# are reserved for local use.
3286
3287The alternate devices provide for kernel-based exclusion and somewhat
3288different defaults than the primary devices. Their main purpose is to
3289allow the use of serial ports with programs with no inherent or broken
3290support for serial ports. Their use is deprecated, and they may be
3291removed from a future version of Linux.
3292
3293Arbitration of serial ports is provided by the use of lock files with
3294the names /var/lock/LCK..ttyX#. The contents of the lock file should
3295be the PID of the locking process as an ASCII number.
3296
3297It is common practice to install links such as /dev/modem
3298which point to serial ports. In order to ensure proper locking in the
3299presence of these links, it is recommended that software chase
3300symlinks and lock all possible names; additionally, it is recommended
3301that a lock file be installed with the corresponding alternate
3302device. In order to avoid deadlocks, it is recommended that the locks
3303are acquired in the following order, and released in the reverse:
3304
3305 1. The symbolic link name, if any (/var/lock/LCK..modem)
3306 2. The "tty" name (/var/lock/LCK..ttyS2)
3307 3. The alternate device name (/var/lock/LCK..cua2)
3308
3309In the case of nested symbolic links, the lock files should be
3310installed in the order the symlinks are resolved.
3311
3312Under no circumstances should an application hold a lock while waiting
3313for another to be released. In addition, applications which attempt
3314to create lock files for the corresponding alternate device names
3315should take into account the possibility of being used on a non-serial
3316port TTY, for which no alternate device would exist.
3317
3318 Pseudoterminals (PTYs)
3319
3320Pseudoterminals, or PTYs, are used to create login sessions or provide
fff9289b 3321other capabilities requiring a TTY line discipline (including SLIP or
1da177e4
LT		 3322PPP capability) to arbitrary data-generation processes. Each PTY has
3323a master side, named /dev/pty[p-za-e][0-9a-f], and a slave side, named
3324/dev/tty[p-za-e][0-9a-f]. The kernel arbitrates the use of PTYs by
3325allowing each master side to be opened only once.
3326
3327Once the master side has been opened, the corresponding slave device
3328can be used in the same manner as any TTY device. The master and
3329slave devices are connected by the kernel, generating the equivalent
3330of a bidirectional pipe with TTY capabilities.
3331
3332Recent versions of the Linux kernels and GNU libc contain support for
3333the System V/Unix98 naming scheme for PTYs, which assigns a common
3334device, /dev/ptmx, to all the masters (opening it will automatically
3335give you a previously unassigned PTY) and a subdirectory, /dev/pts,
3336for the slaves; the slaves are named with decimal integers (/dev/pts/#
3337in our notation). This removes the problem of exhausting the
3338namespace and enables the kernel to automatically create the device
3339nodes for the slaves on demand using the "devpts" filesystem.
3340
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