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1da177e4 LT |
1 | /* |
2 | * linux/mm/swap_state.c | |
3 | * | |
4 | * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds | |
5 | * Swap reorganised 29.12.95, Stephen Tweedie | |
6 | * | |
7 | * Rewritten to use page cache, (C) 1998 Stephen Tweedie | |
8 | */ | |
9 | #include <linux/module.h> | |
10 | #include <linux/mm.h> | |
11 | #include <linux/kernel_stat.h> | |
12 | #include <linux/swap.h> | |
46017e95 | 13 | #include <linux/swapops.h> |
1da177e4 LT |
14 | #include <linux/init.h> |
15 | #include <linux/pagemap.h> | |
16 | #include <linux/buffer_head.h> | |
17 | #include <linux/backing-dev.h> | |
c484d410 | 18 | #include <linux/pagevec.h> |
b20a3503 | 19 | #include <linux/migrate.h> |
1da177e4 LT |
20 | |
21 | #include <asm/pgtable.h> | |
22 | ||
23 | /* | |
24 | * swapper_space is a fiction, retained to simplify the path through | |
2706a1b8 | 25 | * vmscan's shrink_page_list, to make sync_page look nicer, and to allow |
1da177e4 LT |
26 | * future use of radix_tree tags in the swap cache. |
27 | */ | |
f5e54d6e | 28 | static const struct address_space_operations swap_aops = { |
1da177e4 LT |
29 | .writepage = swap_writepage, |
30 | .sync_page = block_sync_page, | |
31 | .set_page_dirty = __set_page_dirty_nobuffers, | |
e965f963 | 32 | .migratepage = migrate_page, |
1da177e4 LT |
33 | }; |
34 | ||
35 | static struct backing_dev_info swap_backing_dev_info = { | |
e4ad08fe | 36 | .capabilities = BDI_CAP_NO_ACCT_AND_WRITEBACK, |
1da177e4 LT |
37 | .unplug_io_fn = swap_unplug_io_fn, |
38 | }; | |
39 | ||
40 | struct address_space swapper_space = { | |
41 | .page_tree = RADIX_TREE_INIT(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), | |
19fd6231 | 42 | .tree_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(swapper_space.tree_lock), |
1da177e4 LT |
43 | .a_ops = &swap_aops, |
44 | .i_mmap_nonlinear = LIST_HEAD_INIT(swapper_space.i_mmap_nonlinear), | |
45 | .backing_dev_info = &swap_backing_dev_info, | |
46 | }; | |
1da177e4 LT |
47 | |
48 | #define INC_CACHE_INFO(x) do { swap_cache_info.x++; } while (0) | |
49 | ||
50 | static struct { | |
51 | unsigned long add_total; | |
52 | unsigned long del_total; | |
53 | unsigned long find_success; | |
54 | unsigned long find_total; | |
1da177e4 LT |
55 | } swap_cache_info; |
56 | ||
57 | void show_swap_cache_info(void) | |
58 | { | |
2c97b7fc JW |
59 | printk("%lu pages in swap cache\n", total_swapcache_pages); |
60 | printk("Swap cache stats: add %lu, delete %lu, find %lu/%lu\n", | |
1da177e4 | 61 | swap_cache_info.add_total, swap_cache_info.del_total, |
bb63be0a | 62 | swap_cache_info.find_success, swap_cache_info.find_total); |
1da177e4 LT |
63 | printk("Free swap = %lukB\n", nr_swap_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10)); |
64 | printk("Total swap = %lukB\n", total_swap_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10)); | |
65 | } | |
66 | ||
67 | /* | |
e286781d | 68 | * add_to_swap_cache resembles add_to_page_cache_locked on swapper_space, |
1da177e4 LT |
69 | * but sets SwapCache flag and private instead of mapping and index. |
70 | */ | |
73b1262f | 71 | int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask) |
1da177e4 LT |
72 | { |
73 | int error; | |
74 | ||
b55ed816 | 75 | BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); |
1da177e4 LT |
76 | BUG_ON(PageSwapCache(page)); |
77 | BUG_ON(PagePrivate(page)); | |
35c754d7 BS |
78 | error = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask); |
79 | if (!error) { | |
e286781d NP |
80 | page_cache_get(page); |
81 | SetPageSwapCache(page); | |
82 | set_page_private(page, entry.val); | |
83 | ||
19fd6231 | 84 | spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 LT |
85 | error = radix_tree_insert(&swapper_space.page_tree, |
86 | entry.val, page); | |
e286781d | 87 | if (likely(!error)) { |
1da177e4 | 88 | total_swapcache_pages++; |
347ce434 | 89 | __inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES); |
bb63be0a | 90 | INC_CACHE_INFO(add_total); |
1da177e4 | 91 | } |
19fd6231 | 92 | spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 | 93 | radix_tree_preload_end(); |
e286781d NP |
94 | |
95 | if (unlikely(error)) { | |
96 | set_page_private(page, 0UL); | |
97 | ClearPageSwapCache(page); | |
98 | page_cache_release(page); | |
99 | } | |
fa1de900 | 100 | } |
1da177e4 LT |
101 | return error; |
102 | } | |
103 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
104 | /* |
105 | * This must be called only on pages that have | |
106 | * been verified to be in the swap cache. | |
107 | */ | |
108 | void __delete_from_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
109 | { | |
110 | BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); | |
111 | BUG_ON(!PageSwapCache(page)); | |
112 | BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page)); | |
3279ffd9 | 113 | BUG_ON(PagePrivate(page)); |
1da177e4 | 114 | |
4c21e2f2 HD |
115 | radix_tree_delete(&swapper_space.page_tree, page_private(page)); |
116 | set_page_private(page, 0); | |
1da177e4 LT |
117 | ClearPageSwapCache(page); |
118 | total_swapcache_pages--; | |
347ce434 | 119 | __dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES); |
1da177e4 LT |
120 | INC_CACHE_INFO(del_total); |
121 | } | |
122 | ||
123 | /** | |
124 | * add_to_swap - allocate swap space for a page | |
125 | * @page: page we want to move to swap | |
7682486b | 126 | * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags |
1da177e4 LT |
127 | * |
128 | * Allocate swap space for the page and add the page to the | |
129 | * swap cache. Caller needs to hold the page lock. | |
130 | */ | |
1480a540 | 131 | int add_to_swap(struct page * page, gfp_t gfp_mask) |
1da177e4 LT |
132 | { |
133 | swp_entry_t entry; | |
1da177e4 LT |
134 | int err; |
135 | ||
e74ca2b4 | 136 | BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); |
0ed361de | 137 | BUG_ON(!PageUptodate(page)); |
1da177e4 LT |
138 | |
139 | for (;;) { | |
140 | entry = get_swap_page(); | |
141 | if (!entry.val) | |
142 | return 0; | |
143 | ||
bd53b714 NP |
144 | /* |
145 | * Radix-tree node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could | |
146 | * completely exhaust the page allocator. __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | |
147 | * stops emergency reserves from being allocated. | |
1da177e4 | 148 | * |
bd53b714 NP |
149 | * TODO: this could cause a theoretical memory reclaim |
150 | * deadlock in the swap out path. | |
1da177e4 | 151 | */ |
1da177e4 LT |
152 | /* |
153 | * Add it to the swap cache and mark it dirty | |
154 | */ | |
f000944d | 155 | err = add_to_swap_cache(page, entry, |
1480a540 | 156 | gfp_mask|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NOWARN); |
1da177e4 LT |
157 | |
158 | switch (err) { | |
159 | case 0: /* Success */ | |
1da177e4 | 160 | SetPageDirty(page); |
1da177e4 LT |
161 | return 1; |
162 | case -EEXIST: | |
163 | /* Raced with "speculative" read_swap_cache_async */ | |
1da177e4 LT |
164 | swap_free(entry); |
165 | continue; | |
166 | default: | |
167 | /* -ENOMEM radix-tree allocation failure */ | |
168 | swap_free(entry); | |
169 | return 0; | |
170 | } | |
171 | } | |
172 | } | |
173 | ||
174 | /* | |
175 | * This must be called only on pages that have | |
176 | * been verified to be in the swap cache and locked. | |
177 | * It will never put the page into the free list, | |
178 | * the caller has a reference on the page. | |
179 | */ | |
180 | void delete_from_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
181 | { | |
182 | swp_entry_t entry; | |
183 | ||
4c21e2f2 | 184 | entry.val = page_private(page); |
1da177e4 | 185 | |
19fd6231 | 186 | spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 | 187 | __delete_from_swap_cache(page); |
19fd6231 | 188 | spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 LT |
189 | |
190 | swap_free(entry); | |
191 | page_cache_release(page); | |
192 | } | |
193 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
194 | /* |
195 | * If we are the only user, then try to free up the swap cache. | |
196 | * | |
197 | * Its ok to check for PageSwapCache without the page lock | |
198 | * here because we are going to recheck again inside | |
199 | * exclusive_swap_page() _with_ the lock. | |
200 | * - Marcelo | |
201 | */ | |
202 | static inline void free_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
203 | { | |
204 | if (PageSwapCache(page) && !TestSetPageLocked(page)) { | |
205 | remove_exclusive_swap_page(page); | |
206 | unlock_page(page); | |
207 | } | |
208 | } | |
209 | ||
210 | /* | |
211 | * Perform a free_page(), also freeing any swap cache associated with | |
b8072f09 | 212 | * this page if it is the last user of the page. |
1da177e4 LT |
213 | */ |
214 | void free_page_and_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
215 | { | |
216 | free_swap_cache(page); | |
217 | page_cache_release(page); | |
218 | } | |
219 | ||
220 | /* | |
221 | * Passed an array of pages, drop them all from swapcache and then release | |
222 | * them. They are removed from the LRU and freed if this is their last use. | |
223 | */ | |
224 | void free_pages_and_swap_cache(struct page **pages, int nr) | |
225 | { | |
1da177e4 LT |
226 | struct page **pagep = pages; |
227 | ||
228 | lru_add_drain(); | |
229 | while (nr) { | |
c484d410 | 230 | int todo = min(nr, PAGEVEC_SIZE); |
1da177e4 LT |
231 | int i; |
232 | ||
233 | for (i = 0; i < todo; i++) | |
234 | free_swap_cache(pagep[i]); | |
235 | release_pages(pagep, todo, 0); | |
236 | pagep += todo; | |
237 | nr -= todo; | |
238 | } | |
239 | } | |
240 | ||
241 | /* | |
242 | * Lookup a swap entry in the swap cache. A found page will be returned | |
243 | * unlocked and with its refcount incremented - we rely on the kernel | |
244 | * lock getting page table operations atomic even if we drop the page | |
245 | * lock before returning. | |
246 | */ | |
247 | struct page * lookup_swap_cache(swp_entry_t entry) | |
248 | { | |
249 | struct page *page; | |
250 | ||
251 | page = find_get_page(&swapper_space, entry.val); | |
252 | ||
253 | if (page) | |
254 | INC_CACHE_INFO(find_success); | |
255 | ||
256 | INC_CACHE_INFO(find_total); | |
257 | return page; | |
258 | } | |
259 | ||
260 | /* | |
261 | * Locate a page of swap in physical memory, reserving swap cache space | |
262 | * and reading the disk if it is not already cached. | |
263 | * A failure return means that either the page allocation failed or that | |
264 | * the swap entry is no longer in use. | |
265 | */ | |
02098fea | 266 | struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask, |
1da177e4 LT |
267 | struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr) |
268 | { | |
269 | struct page *found_page, *new_page = NULL; | |
270 | int err; | |
271 | ||
272 | do { | |
273 | /* | |
274 | * First check the swap cache. Since this is normally | |
275 | * called after lookup_swap_cache() failed, re-calling | |
276 | * that would confuse statistics. | |
277 | */ | |
278 | found_page = find_get_page(&swapper_space, entry.val); | |
279 | if (found_page) | |
280 | break; | |
281 | ||
282 | /* | |
283 | * Get a new page to read into from swap. | |
284 | */ | |
285 | if (!new_page) { | |
02098fea | 286 | new_page = alloc_page_vma(gfp_mask, vma, addr); |
1da177e4 LT |
287 | if (!new_page) |
288 | break; /* Out of memory */ | |
289 | } | |
290 | ||
f000944d HD |
291 | /* |
292 | * Swap entry may have been freed since our caller observed it. | |
293 | */ | |
294 | if (!swap_duplicate(entry)) | |
295 | break; | |
296 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
297 | /* |
298 | * Associate the page with swap entry in the swap cache. | |
f000944d HD |
299 | * May fail (-EEXIST) if there is already a page associated |
300 | * with this entry in the swap cache: added by a racing | |
301 | * read_swap_cache_async, or add_to_swap or shmem_writepage | |
302 | * re-using the just freed swap entry for an existing page. | |
1da177e4 LT |
303 | * May fail (-ENOMEM) if radix-tree node allocation failed. |
304 | */ | |
f000944d HD |
305 | SetPageLocked(new_page); |
306 | err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL); | |
1da177e4 LT |
307 | if (!err) { |
308 | /* | |
309 | * Initiate read into locked page and return. | |
310 | */ | |
311 | lru_cache_add_active(new_page); | |
312 | swap_readpage(NULL, new_page); | |
313 | return new_page; | |
314 | } | |
f000944d HD |
315 | ClearPageLocked(new_page); |
316 | swap_free(entry); | |
317 | } while (err != -ENOMEM); | |
1da177e4 LT |
318 | |
319 | if (new_page) | |
320 | page_cache_release(new_page); | |
321 | return found_page; | |
322 | } | |
46017e95 HD |
323 | |
324 | /** | |
325 | * swapin_readahead - swap in pages in hope we need them soon | |
326 | * @entry: swap entry of this memory | |
7682486b | 327 | * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags |
46017e95 HD |
328 | * @vma: user vma this address belongs to |
329 | * @addr: target address for mempolicy | |
330 | * | |
331 | * Returns the struct page for entry and addr, after queueing swapin. | |
332 | * | |
333 | * Primitive swap readahead code. We simply read an aligned block of | |
334 | * (1 << page_cluster) entries in the swap area. This method is chosen | |
335 | * because it doesn't cost us any seek time. We also make sure to queue | |
336 | * the 'original' request together with the readahead ones... | |
337 | * | |
338 | * This has been extended to use the NUMA policies from the mm triggering | |
339 | * the readahead. | |
340 | * | |
341 | * Caller must hold down_read on the vma->vm_mm if vma is not NULL. | |
342 | */ | |
02098fea | 343 | struct page *swapin_readahead(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask, |
46017e95 HD |
344 | struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr) |
345 | { | |
346 | int nr_pages; | |
347 | struct page *page; | |
348 | unsigned long offset; | |
349 | unsigned long end_offset; | |
350 | ||
351 | /* | |
352 | * Get starting offset for readaround, and number of pages to read. | |
353 | * Adjust starting address by readbehind (for NUMA interleave case)? | |
354 | * No, it's very unlikely that swap layout would follow vma layout, | |
355 | * more likely that neighbouring swap pages came from the same node: | |
356 | * so use the same "addr" to choose the same node for each swap read. | |
357 | */ | |
358 | nr_pages = valid_swaphandles(entry, &offset); | |
359 | for (end_offset = offset + nr_pages; offset < end_offset; offset++) { | |
360 | /* Ok, do the async read-ahead now */ | |
361 | page = read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry(swp_type(entry), offset), | |
02098fea | 362 | gfp_mask, vma, addr); |
46017e95 HD |
363 | if (!page) |
364 | break; | |
365 | page_cache_release(page); | |
366 | } | |
367 | lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */ | |
02098fea | 368 | return read_swap_cache_async(entry, gfp_mask, vma, addr); |
46017e95 | 369 | } |