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1da177e4 LT |
1 | /* |
2 | * linux/mm/swap_state.c | |
3 | * | |
4 | * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds | |
5 | * Swap reorganised 29.12.95, Stephen Tweedie | |
6 | * | |
7 | * Rewritten to use page cache, (C) 1998 Stephen Tweedie | |
8 | */ | |
9 | #include <linux/module.h> | |
10 | #include <linux/mm.h> | |
11 | #include <linux/kernel_stat.h> | |
12 | #include <linux/swap.h> | |
46017e95 | 13 | #include <linux/swapops.h> |
1da177e4 LT |
14 | #include <linux/init.h> |
15 | #include <linux/pagemap.h> | |
16 | #include <linux/buffer_head.h> | |
17 | #include <linux/backing-dev.h> | |
c484d410 | 18 | #include <linux/pagevec.h> |
b20a3503 | 19 | #include <linux/migrate.h> |
8c7c6e34 | 20 | #include <linux/page_cgroup.h> |
1da177e4 LT |
21 | |
22 | #include <asm/pgtable.h> | |
23 | ||
24 | /* | |
25 | * swapper_space is a fiction, retained to simplify the path through | |
2706a1b8 | 26 | * vmscan's shrink_page_list, to make sync_page look nicer, and to allow |
1da177e4 LT |
27 | * future use of radix_tree tags in the swap cache. |
28 | */ | |
f5e54d6e | 29 | static const struct address_space_operations swap_aops = { |
1da177e4 LT |
30 | .writepage = swap_writepage, |
31 | .sync_page = block_sync_page, | |
32 | .set_page_dirty = __set_page_dirty_nobuffers, | |
e965f963 | 33 | .migratepage = migrate_page, |
1da177e4 LT |
34 | }; |
35 | ||
36 | static struct backing_dev_info swap_backing_dev_info = { | |
4f98a2fe | 37 | .capabilities = BDI_CAP_NO_ACCT_AND_WRITEBACK | BDI_CAP_SWAP_BACKED, |
1da177e4 LT |
38 | .unplug_io_fn = swap_unplug_io_fn, |
39 | }; | |
40 | ||
41 | struct address_space swapper_space = { | |
42 | .page_tree = RADIX_TREE_INIT(GFP_ATOMIC|__GFP_NOWARN), | |
19fd6231 | 43 | .tree_lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(swapper_space.tree_lock), |
1da177e4 LT |
44 | .a_ops = &swap_aops, |
45 | .i_mmap_nonlinear = LIST_HEAD_INIT(swapper_space.i_mmap_nonlinear), | |
46 | .backing_dev_info = &swap_backing_dev_info, | |
47 | }; | |
1da177e4 LT |
48 | |
49 | #define INC_CACHE_INFO(x) do { swap_cache_info.x++; } while (0) | |
50 | ||
51 | static struct { | |
52 | unsigned long add_total; | |
53 | unsigned long del_total; | |
54 | unsigned long find_success; | |
55 | unsigned long find_total; | |
1da177e4 LT |
56 | } swap_cache_info; |
57 | ||
58 | void show_swap_cache_info(void) | |
59 | { | |
2c97b7fc JW |
60 | printk("%lu pages in swap cache\n", total_swapcache_pages); |
61 | printk("Swap cache stats: add %lu, delete %lu, find %lu/%lu\n", | |
1da177e4 | 62 | swap_cache_info.add_total, swap_cache_info.del_total, |
bb63be0a | 63 | swap_cache_info.find_success, swap_cache_info.find_total); |
07279cdf | 64 | printk("Free swap = %ldkB\n", nr_swap_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10)); |
1da177e4 LT |
65 | printk("Total swap = %lukB\n", total_swap_pages << (PAGE_SHIFT - 10)); |
66 | } | |
67 | ||
68 | /* | |
e286781d | 69 | * add_to_swap_cache resembles add_to_page_cache_locked on swapper_space, |
1da177e4 LT |
70 | * but sets SwapCache flag and private instead of mapping and index. |
71 | */ | |
73b1262f | 72 | int add_to_swap_cache(struct page *page, swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask) |
1da177e4 LT |
73 | { |
74 | int error; | |
75 | ||
51726b12 HD |
76 | VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); |
77 | VM_BUG_ON(PageSwapCache(page)); | |
78 | VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapBacked(page)); | |
79 | ||
35c754d7 BS |
80 | error = radix_tree_preload(gfp_mask); |
81 | if (!error) { | |
e286781d NP |
82 | page_cache_get(page); |
83 | SetPageSwapCache(page); | |
84 | set_page_private(page, entry.val); | |
85 | ||
19fd6231 | 86 | spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 LT |
87 | error = radix_tree_insert(&swapper_space.page_tree, |
88 | entry.val, page); | |
e286781d | 89 | if (likely(!error)) { |
1da177e4 | 90 | total_swapcache_pages++; |
347ce434 | 91 | __inc_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES); |
bb63be0a | 92 | INC_CACHE_INFO(add_total); |
1da177e4 | 93 | } |
19fd6231 | 94 | spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 | 95 | radix_tree_preload_end(); |
e286781d NP |
96 | |
97 | if (unlikely(error)) { | |
98 | set_page_private(page, 0UL); | |
99 | ClearPageSwapCache(page); | |
100 | page_cache_release(page); | |
101 | } | |
fa1de900 | 102 | } |
1da177e4 LT |
103 | return error; |
104 | } | |
105 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
106 | /* |
107 | * This must be called only on pages that have | |
108 | * been verified to be in the swap cache. | |
109 | */ | |
110 | void __delete_from_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
111 | { | |
51726b12 HD |
112 | VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); |
113 | VM_BUG_ON(!PageSwapCache(page)); | |
114 | VM_BUG_ON(PageWriteback(page)); | |
1da177e4 | 115 | |
4c21e2f2 HD |
116 | radix_tree_delete(&swapper_space.page_tree, page_private(page)); |
117 | set_page_private(page, 0); | |
1da177e4 LT |
118 | ClearPageSwapCache(page); |
119 | total_swapcache_pages--; | |
347ce434 | 120 | __dec_zone_page_state(page, NR_FILE_PAGES); |
1da177e4 LT |
121 | INC_CACHE_INFO(del_total); |
122 | } | |
123 | ||
124 | /** | |
125 | * add_to_swap - allocate swap space for a page | |
126 | * @page: page we want to move to swap | |
7682486b | 127 | * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags |
1da177e4 LT |
128 | * |
129 | * Allocate swap space for the page and add the page to the | |
130 | * swap cache. Caller needs to hold the page lock. | |
131 | */ | |
ac47b003 | 132 | int add_to_swap(struct page *page) |
1da177e4 LT |
133 | { |
134 | swp_entry_t entry; | |
1da177e4 LT |
135 | int err; |
136 | ||
51726b12 HD |
137 | VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page)); |
138 | VM_BUG_ON(!PageUptodate(page)); | |
1da177e4 LT |
139 | |
140 | for (;;) { | |
141 | entry = get_swap_page(); | |
142 | if (!entry.val) | |
143 | return 0; | |
144 | ||
bd53b714 NP |
145 | /* |
146 | * Radix-tree node allocations from PF_MEMALLOC contexts could | |
147 | * completely exhaust the page allocator. __GFP_NOMEMALLOC | |
148 | * stops emergency reserves from being allocated. | |
1da177e4 | 149 | * |
bd53b714 NP |
150 | * TODO: this could cause a theoretical memory reclaim |
151 | * deadlock in the swap out path. | |
1da177e4 | 152 | */ |
1da177e4 LT |
153 | /* |
154 | * Add it to the swap cache and mark it dirty | |
155 | */ | |
f000944d | 156 | err = add_to_swap_cache(page, entry, |
ac47b003 | 157 | __GFP_HIGH|__GFP_NOMEMALLOC|__GFP_NOWARN); |
1da177e4 LT |
158 | |
159 | switch (err) { | |
160 | case 0: /* Success */ | |
1da177e4 | 161 | SetPageDirty(page); |
1da177e4 LT |
162 | return 1; |
163 | case -EEXIST: | |
164 | /* Raced with "speculative" read_swap_cache_async */ | |
1da177e4 LT |
165 | swap_free(entry); |
166 | continue; | |
167 | default: | |
168 | /* -ENOMEM radix-tree allocation failure */ | |
169 | swap_free(entry); | |
170 | return 0; | |
171 | } | |
172 | } | |
173 | } | |
174 | ||
175 | /* | |
176 | * This must be called only on pages that have | |
177 | * been verified to be in the swap cache and locked. | |
178 | * It will never put the page into the free list, | |
179 | * the caller has a reference on the page. | |
180 | */ | |
181 | void delete_from_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
182 | { | |
183 | swp_entry_t entry; | |
184 | ||
4c21e2f2 | 185 | entry.val = page_private(page); |
1da177e4 | 186 | |
19fd6231 | 187 | spin_lock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 | 188 | __delete_from_swap_cache(page); |
19fd6231 | 189 | spin_unlock_irq(&swapper_space.tree_lock); |
1da177e4 | 190 | |
e767e056 | 191 | mem_cgroup_uncharge_swapcache(page, entry); |
1da177e4 LT |
192 | swap_free(entry); |
193 | page_cache_release(page); | |
194 | } | |
195 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
196 | /* |
197 | * If we are the only user, then try to free up the swap cache. | |
198 | * | |
199 | * Its ok to check for PageSwapCache without the page lock | |
a2c43eed HD |
200 | * here because we are going to recheck again inside |
201 | * try_to_free_swap() _with_ the lock. | |
1da177e4 LT |
202 | * - Marcelo |
203 | */ | |
204 | static inline void free_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
205 | { | |
a2c43eed HD |
206 | if (PageSwapCache(page) && !page_mapped(page) && trylock_page(page)) { |
207 | try_to_free_swap(page); | |
1da177e4 LT |
208 | unlock_page(page); |
209 | } | |
210 | } | |
211 | ||
212 | /* | |
213 | * Perform a free_page(), also freeing any swap cache associated with | |
b8072f09 | 214 | * this page if it is the last user of the page. |
1da177e4 LT |
215 | */ |
216 | void free_page_and_swap_cache(struct page *page) | |
217 | { | |
218 | free_swap_cache(page); | |
219 | page_cache_release(page); | |
220 | } | |
221 | ||
222 | /* | |
223 | * Passed an array of pages, drop them all from swapcache and then release | |
224 | * them. They are removed from the LRU and freed if this is their last use. | |
225 | */ | |
226 | void free_pages_and_swap_cache(struct page **pages, int nr) | |
227 | { | |
1da177e4 LT |
228 | struct page **pagep = pages; |
229 | ||
230 | lru_add_drain(); | |
231 | while (nr) { | |
c484d410 | 232 | int todo = min(nr, PAGEVEC_SIZE); |
1da177e4 LT |
233 | int i; |
234 | ||
235 | for (i = 0; i < todo; i++) | |
236 | free_swap_cache(pagep[i]); | |
237 | release_pages(pagep, todo, 0); | |
238 | pagep += todo; | |
239 | nr -= todo; | |
240 | } | |
241 | } | |
242 | ||
243 | /* | |
244 | * Lookup a swap entry in the swap cache. A found page will be returned | |
245 | * unlocked and with its refcount incremented - we rely on the kernel | |
246 | * lock getting page table operations atomic even if we drop the page | |
247 | * lock before returning. | |
248 | */ | |
249 | struct page * lookup_swap_cache(swp_entry_t entry) | |
250 | { | |
251 | struct page *page; | |
252 | ||
253 | page = find_get_page(&swapper_space, entry.val); | |
254 | ||
255 | if (page) | |
256 | INC_CACHE_INFO(find_success); | |
257 | ||
258 | INC_CACHE_INFO(find_total); | |
259 | return page; | |
260 | } | |
261 | ||
262 | /* | |
263 | * Locate a page of swap in physical memory, reserving swap cache space | |
264 | * and reading the disk if it is not already cached. | |
265 | * A failure return means that either the page allocation failed or that | |
266 | * the swap entry is no longer in use. | |
267 | */ | |
02098fea | 268 | struct page *read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask, |
1da177e4 LT |
269 | struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr) |
270 | { | |
271 | struct page *found_page, *new_page = NULL; | |
272 | int err; | |
273 | ||
274 | do { | |
275 | /* | |
276 | * First check the swap cache. Since this is normally | |
277 | * called after lookup_swap_cache() failed, re-calling | |
278 | * that would confuse statistics. | |
279 | */ | |
280 | found_page = find_get_page(&swapper_space, entry.val); | |
281 | if (found_page) | |
282 | break; | |
283 | ||
284 | /* | |
285 | * Get a new page to read into from swap. | |
286 | */ | |
287 | if (!new_page) { | |
02098fea | 288 | new_page = alloc_page_vma(gfp_mask, vma, addr); |
1da177e4 LT |
289 | if (!new_page) |
290 | break; /* Out of memory */ | |
291 | } | |
292 | ||
f000944d HD |
293 | /* |
294 | * Swap entry may have been freed since our caller observed it. | |
295 | */ | |
296 | if (!swap_duplicate(entry)) | |
297 | break; | |
298 | ||
1da177e4 LT |
299 | /* |
300 | * Associate the page with swap entry in the swap cache. | |
f000944d HD |
301 | * May fail (-EEXIST) if there is already a page associated |
302 | * with this entry in the swap cache: added by a racing | |
303 | * read_swap_cache_async, or add_to_swap or shmem_writepage | |
304 | * re-using the just freed swap entry for an existing page. | |
1da177e4 LT |
305 | * May fail (-ENOMEM) if radix-tree node allocation failed. |
306 | */ | |
f45840b5 | 307 | __set_page_locked(new_page); |
b2e18538 | 308 | SetPageSwapBacked(new_page); |
f000944d | 309 | err = add_to_swap_cache(new_page, entry, gfp_mask & GFP_KERNEL); |
529ae9aa | 310 | if (likely(!err)) { |
1da177e4 LT |
311 | /* |
312 | * Initiate read into locked page and return. | |
313 | */ | |
c5fdae46 | 314 | lru_cache_add_anon(new_page); |
1da177e4 LT |
315 | swap_readpage(NULL, new_page); |
316 | return new_page; | |
317 | } | |
b2e18538 | 318 | ClearPageSwapBacked(new_page); |
f45840b5 | 319 | __clear_page_locked(new_page); |
f000944d HD |
320 | swap_free(entry); |
321 | } while (err != -ENOMEM); | |
1da177e4 LT |
322 | |
323 | if (new_page) | |
324 | page_cache_release(new_page); | |
325 | return found_page; | |
326 | } | |
46017e95 HD |
327 | |
328 | /** | |
329 | * swapin_readahead - swap in pages in hope we need them soon | |
330 | * @entry: swap entry of this memory | |
7682486b | 331 | * @gfp_mask: memory allocation flags |
46017e95 HD |
332 | * @vma: user vma this address belongs to |
333 | * @addr: target address for mempolicy | |
334 | * | |
335 | * Returns the struct page for entry and addr, after queueing swapin. | |
336 | * | |
337 | * Primitive swap readahead code. We simply read an aligned block of | |
338 | * (1 << page_cluster) entries in the swap area. This method is chosen | |
339 | * because it doesn't cost us any seek time. We also make sure to queue | |
340 | * the 'original' request together with the readahead ones... | |
341 | * | |
342 | * This has been extended to use the NUMA policies from the mm triggering | |
343 | * the readahead. | |
344 | * | |
345 | * Caller must hold down_read on the vma->vm_mm if vma is not NULL. | |
346 | */ | |
02098fea | 347 | struct page *swapin_readahead(swp_entry_t entry, gfp_t gfp_mask, |
46017e95 HD |
348 | struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr) |
349 | { | |
350 | int nr_pages; | |
351 | struct page *page; | |
352 | unsigned long offset; | |
353 | unsigned long end_offset; | |
354 | ||
355 | /* | |
356 | * Get starting offset for readaround, and number of pages to read. | |
357 | * Adjust starting address by readbehind (for NUMA interleave case)? | |
358 | * No, it's very unlikely that swap layout would follow vma layout, | |
359 | * more likely that neighbouring swap pages came from the same node: | |
360 | * so use the same "addr" to choose the same node for each swap read. | |
361 | */ | |
362 | nr_pages = valid_swaphandles(entry, &offset); | |
363 | for (end_offset = offset + nr_pages; offset < end_offset; offset++) { | |
364 | /* Ok, do the async read-ahead now */ | |
365 | page = read_swap_cache_async(swp_entry(swp_type(entry), offset), | |
02098fea | 366 | gfp_mask, vma, addr); |
46017e95 HD |
367 | if (!page) |
368 | break; | |
369 | page_cache_release(page); | |
370 | } | |
371 | lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */ | |
02098fea | 372 | return read_swap_cache_async(entry, gfp_mask, vma, addr); |
46017e95 | 373 | } |