[linux.git] / Documentation / memory.txt

There are several classic problems related to memory on Linux
systems.

	1) There are some motherboards that will not cache above
	   a certain quantity of memory.  If you have one of these
	   motherboards, your system will be SLOWER, not faster
	   as you add more memory.  Consider exchanging your 
           motherboard.

All of these problems can be addressed with the "mem=XXXM" boot option
(where XXX is the size of RAM to use in megabytes).  
It can also tell Linux to use less memory than is actually installed.
If you use "mem=" on a machine with PCI, consider using "memmap=" to avoid
physical address space collisions.

See the documentation of your boot loader (LILO, grub, loadlin, etc.) about
how to pass options to the kernel.

There are other memory problems which Linux cannot deal with.  Random
corruption of memory is usually a sign of serious hardware trouble.
Try:

	* Reducing memory settings in the BIOS to the most conservative 
          timings.

	* Adding a cooling fan.

	* Not overclocking your CPU.

	* Having the memory tested in a memory tester or exchanged
	  with the vendor. Consider testing it with memtest86 yourself.
	
	* Exchanging your CPU, cache, or motherboard for one that works.
Commit	Line	Data
1da177e4 LT	1	There are several classic problems related to memory on Linux
	2	systems.
	3
3b2b9a87	4	1) There are some motherboards that will not cache above
1da177e4 LT	5	a certain quantity of memory. If you have one of these
	6	motherboards, your system will be SLOWER, not faster
	7	as you add more memory. Consider exchanging your
	8	motherboard.
	9
	10	All of these problems can be addressed with the "mem=XXXM" boot option
	11	(where XXX is the size of RAM to use in megabytes).
	12	It can also tell Linux to use less memory than is actually installed.
	13	If you use "mem=" on a machine with PCI, consider using "memmap=" to avoid
	14	physical address space collisions.
	15
3b2b9a87	16	See the documentation of your boot loader (LILO, grub, loadlin, etc.) about
1da177e4 LT	17	how to pass options to the kernel.
	18
	19	There are other memory problems which Linux cannot deal with. Random
	20	corruption of memory is usually a sign of serious hardware trouble.
	21	Try:
	22
	23	* Reducing memory settings in the BIOS to the most conservative
	24	timings.
	25
	26	* Adding a cooling fan.
	27
	28	* Not overclocking your CPU.
	29
	30	* Having the memory tested in a memory tester or exchanged
	31	with the vendor. Consider testing it with memtest86 yourself.
	32
	33	* Exchanging your CPU, cache, or motherboard for one that works.