[linux.git] / drivers / regulator / stm32-vrefbuf.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 * Copyright (C) STMicroelectronics 2017
 *
 * Author: Fabrice Gasnier <[email protected]>
 */

#include <linux/bitfield.h>
#include <linux/clk.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/iopoll.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/regulator/driver.h>
#include <linux/regulator/of_regulator.h>
#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>

/* STM32 VREFBUF registers */
#define STM32_VREFBUF_CSR		0x00

/* STM32 VREFBUF CSR bitfields */
#define STM32_VRS			GENMASK(6, 4)
#define STM32_VRR			BIT(3)
#define STM32_HIZ			BIT(1)
#define STM32_ENVR			BIT(0)

#define STM32_VREFBUF_AUTO_SUSPEND_DELAY_MS	10

struct stm32_vrefbuf {
	void __iomem *base;
	struct clk *clk;
	struct device *dev;
};

static const unsigned int stm32_vrefbuf_voltages[] = {
	/* Matches resp. VRS = 000b, 001b, 010b, 011b */
	2500000, 2048000, 1800000, 1500000,
};

static int stm32_vrefbuf_enable(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
{
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	u32 val;
	int ret;

	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	val = (val & ~STM32_HIZ) | STM32_ENVR;
	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);

	/*
	 * Vrefbuf startup time depends on external capacitor: wait here for
	 * VRR to be set. That means output has reached expected value.
	 * ~650us sleep should be enough for caps up to 1.5uF. Use 10ms as
	 * arbitrary timeout.
	 */
	ret = readl_poll_timeout(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR, val,
				 val & STM32_VRR, 650, 10000);
	if (ret) {
		dev_err(&rdev->dev, "stm32 vrefbuf timed out!\n");
		val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
		val = (val & ~STM32_ENVR) | STM32_HIZ;
		writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	}

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);

	return ret;
}

static int stm32_vrefbuf_disable(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
{
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	u32 val;
	int ret;

	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	val &= ~STM32_ENVR;
	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);

	return 0;
}

static int stm32_vrefbuf_is_enabled(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
{
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	int ret;

	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR) & STM32_ENVR;

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);

	return ret;
}

static int stm32_vrefbuf_set_voltage_sel(struct regulator_dev *rdev,
					 unsigned sel)
{
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	u32 val;
	int ret;

	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	val = (val & ~STM32_VRS) | FIELD_PREP(STM32_VRS, sel);
	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);

	return 0;
}

static int stm32_vrefbuf_get_voltage_sel(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
{
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	u32 val;
	int ret;

	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	ret = FIELD_GET(STM32_VRS, val);

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);

	return ret;
}

static const struct regulator_ops stm32_vrefbuf_volt_ops = {
	.enable		= stm32_vrefbuf_enable,
	.disable	= stm32_vrefbuf_disable,
	.is_enabled	= stm32_vrefbuf_is_enabled,
	.get_voltage_sel = stm32_vrefbuf_get_voltage_sel,
	.set_voltage_sel = stm32_vrefbuf_set_voltage_sel,
	.list_voltage	= regulator_list_voltage_table,
};

static const struct regulator_desc stm32_vrefbuf_regu = {
	.name = "vref",
	.supply_name = "vdda",
	.volt_table = stm32_vrefbuf_voltages,
	.n_voltages = ARRAY_SIZE(stm32_vrefbuf_voltages),
	.ops = &stm32_vrefbuf_volt_ops,
	.off_on_delay = 1000,
	.type = REGULATOR_VOLTAGE,
	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
};

static int stm32_vrefbuf_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv;
	struct regulator_config config = { };
	struct regulator_dev *rdev;
	int ret;

	priv = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!priv)
		return -ENOMEM;
	priv->dev = &pdev->dev;

	priv->base = devm_platform_ioremap_resource(pdev, 0);
	if (IS_ERR(priv->base))
		return PTR_ERR(priv->base);

	priv->clk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, NULL);
	if (IS_ERR(priv->clk))
		return PTR_ERR(priv->clk);

	pm_runtime_get_noresume(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_set_active(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(&pdev->dev,
					 STM32_VREFBUF_AUTO_SUSPEND_DELAY_MS);
	pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_enable(&pdev->dev);

	ret = clk_prepare_enable(priv->clk);
	if (ret) {
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "clk prepare failed with error %d\n", ret);
		goto err_pm_stop;
	}

	config.dev = &pdev->dev;
	config.driver_data = priv;
	config.of_node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	config.init_data = of_get_regulator_init_data(&pdev->dev,
						      pdev->dev.of_node,
						      &stm32_vrefbuf_regu);

	rdev = regulator_register(&pdev->dev, &stm32_vrefbuf_regu, &config);
	if (IS_ERR(rdev)) {
		ret = PTR_ERR(rdev);
		dev_err(&pdev->dev, "register failed with error %d\n", ret);
		goto err_clk_dis;
	}
	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, rdev);

	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(&pdev->dev);

	return 0;

err_clk_dis:
	clk_disable_unprepare(priv->clk);
err_pm_stop:
	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_set_suspended(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_noidle(&pdev->dev);

	return ret;
}

static void stm32_vrefbuf_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct regulator_dev *rdev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);

	pm_runtime_get_sync(&pdev->dev);
	regulator_unregister(rdev);
	clk_disable_unprepare(priv->clk);
	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_set_suspended(&pdev->dev);
	pm_runtime_put_noidle(&pdev->dev);
};

static int __maybe_unused stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
{
	struct regulator_dev *rdev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);

	clk_disable_unprepare(priv->clk);

	return 0;
}

static int __maybe_unused stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
{
	struct regulator_dev *rdev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);

	return clk_prepare_enable(priv->clk);
}

static const struct dev_pm_ops stm32_vrefbuf_pm_ops = {
	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(pm_runtime_force_suspend,
				pm_runtime_force_resume)
	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_suspend,
			   stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_resume,
			   NULL)
};

static const struct of_device_id __maybe_unused stm32_vrefbuf_of_match[] = {
	{ .compatible = "st,stm32-vrefbuf", },
	{},
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, stm32_vrefbuf_of_match);

static struct platform_driver stm32_vrefbuf_driver = {
	.probe = stm32_vrefbuf_probe,
	.remove_new = stm32_vrefbuf_remove,
	.driver = {
		.name  = "stm32-vrefbuf",
		.probe_type = PROBE_PREFER_ASYNCHRONOUS,
		.of_match_table = of_match_ptr(stm32_vrefbuf_of_match),
		.pm = &stm32_vrefbuf_pm_ops,
	},
};
module_platform_driver(stm32_vrefbuf_driver);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Fabrice Gasnier <[email protected]>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("STMicroelectronics STM32 VREFBUF driver");
MODULE_ALIAS("platform:stm32-vrefbuf");
Commit	Line	Data
af873fce	1	// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
0cdbf481 FG	2	/*
	3	* Copyright (C) STMicroelectronics 2017
	4	*
	5	* Author: Fabrice Gasnier <[email protected]>
0cdbf481 FG	6	*/
	7
	8	#include <linux/bitfield.h>
	9	#include <linux/clk.h>
	10	#include <linux/io.h>
	11	#include <linux/iopoll.h>
	12	#include <linux/module.h>
045a44d4	13	#include <linux/of.h>
0cdbf481 FG	14	#include <linux/platform_device.h>
	15	#include <linux/regulator/driver.h>
	16	#include <linux/regulator/of_regulator.h>
be5295f8	17	#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
0cdbf481 FG	18
	19	/* STM32 VREFBUF registers */
	20	#define STM32_VREFBUF_CSR 0x00
	21
	22	/* STM32 VREFBUF CSR bitfields */
	23	#define STM32_VRS GENMASK(6, 4)
	24	#define STM32_VRR BIT(3)
	25	#define STM32_HIZ BIT(1)
	26	#define STM32_ENVR BIT(0)
	27
be5295f8 FG	28	#define STM32_VREFBUF_AUTO_SUSPEND_DELAY_MS 10
be5295f8 FG	29
0cdbf481 FG	30	struct stm32_vrefbuf {
	31	void __iomem *base;
	32	struct clk *clk;
be5295f8	33	struct device *dev;
0cdbf481 FG	34	};
	35
	36	static const unsigned int stm32_vrefbuf_voltages[] = {
	37	/* Matches resp. VRS = 000b, 001b, 010b, 011b */
	38	2500000, 2048000, 1800000, 1500000,
	39	};
	40
	41	static int stm32_vrefbuf_enable(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
	42	{
	43	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
be5295f8	44	u32 val;
0cdbf481 FG	45	int ret;
0cdbf481 FG	46
bfb5711e MC	47	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
bfb5711e MC	48	if (ret < 0)
be5295f8	49	return ret;
be5295f8 FG	50
be5295f8 FG	51	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
0cdbf481 FG	52	val = (val & ~STM32_HIZ) \| STM32_ENVR;
	53	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	54
	55	/*
	56	* Vrefbuf startup time depends on external capacitor: wait here for
	57	* VRR to be set. That means output has reached expected value.
	58	* ~650us sleep should be enough for caps up to 1.5uF. Use 10ms as
	59	* arbitrary timeout.
	60	*/
	61	ret = readl_poll_timeout(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR, val,
f63248fa	62	val & STM32_VRR, 650, 10000);
0cdbf481 FG	63	if (ret) {
	64	dev_err(&rdev->dev, "stm32 vrefbuf timed out!\n");
	65	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	66	val = (val & ~STM32_ENVR) \| STM32_HIZ;
	67	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	68	}
	69
be5295f8 FG	70	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	71	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);
	72
0cdbf481 FG	73	return ret;
	74	}
	75
	76	static int stm32_vrefbuf_disable(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
	77	{
	78	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
be5295f8 FG	79	u32 val;
be5295f8 FG	80	int ret;
0cdbf481	81
bfb5711e MC	82	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
bfb5711e MC	83	if (ret < 0)
be5295f8	84	return ret;
be5295f8 FG	85
be5295f8 FG	86	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
02fbabd5	87	val &= ~STM32_ENVR;
0cdbf481 FG	88	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
0cdbf481 FG	89
be5295f8 FG	90	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	91	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);
	92
0cdbf481 FG	93	return 0;
	94	}
	95
	96	static int stm32_vrefbuf_is_enabled(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
	97	{
	98	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
be5295f8 FG	99	int ret;
be5295f8 FG	100
bfb5711e MC	101	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
bfb5711e MC	102	if (ret < 0)
be5295f8	103	return ret;
be5295f8 FG	104
be5295f8 FG	105	ret = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR) & STM32_ENVR;
0cdbf481	106
be5295f8 FG	107	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	108	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);
	109
	110	return ret;
0cdbf481 FG	111	}
	112
	113	static int stm32_vrefbuf_set_voltage_sel(struct regulator_dev *rdev,
	114	unsigned sel)
	115	{
	116	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
be5295f8 FG	117	u32 val;
be5295f8 FG	118	int ret;
0cdbf481	119
bfb5711e MC	120	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
bfb5711e MC	121	if (ret < 0)
be5295f8	122	return ret;
be5295f8 FG	123
be5295f8 FG	124	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
0cdbf481 FG	125	val = (val & ~STM32_VRS) \| FIELD_PREP(STM32_VRS, sel);
	126	writel_relaxed(val, priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	127
be5295f8 FG	128	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	129	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);
	130
0cdbf481 FG	131	return 0;
	132	}
	133
	134	static int stm32_vrefbuf_get_voltage_sel(struct regulator_dev *rdev)
	135	{
	136	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
be5295f8 FG	137	u32 val;
be5295f8 FG	138	int ret;
0cdbf481	139
bfb5711e MC	140	ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(priv->dev);
bfb5711e MC	141	if (ret < 0)
be5295f8	142	return ret;
be5295f8 FG	143
	144	val = readl_relaxed(priv->base + STM32_VREFBUF_CSR);
	145	ret = FIELD_GET(STM32_VRS, val);
	146
	147	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(priv->dev);
	148	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(priv->dev);
	149
	150	return ret;
0cdbf481 FG	151	}
	152
	153	static const struct regulator_ops stm32_vrefbuf_volt_ops = {
	154	.enable = stm32_vrefbuf_enable,
	155	.disable = stm32_vrefbuf_disable,
	156	.is_enabled = stm32_vrefbuf_is_enabled,
	157	.get_voltage_sel = stm32_vrefbuf_get_voltage_sel,
	158	.set_voltage_sel = stm32_vrefbuf_set_voltage_sel,
	159	.list_voltage = regulator_list_voltage_table,
	160	};
	161
	162	static const struct regulator_desc stm32_vrefbuf_regu = {
	163	.name = "vref",
	164	.supply_name = "vdda",
	165	.volt_table = stm32_vrefbuf_voltages,
	166	.n_voltages = ARRAY_SIZE(stm32_vrefbuf_voltages),
	167	.ops = &stm32_vrefbuf_volt_ops,
02fbabd5	168	.off_on_delay = 1000,
0cdbf481 FG	169	.type = REGULATOR_VOLTAGE,
	170	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	171	};
	172
	173	static int stm32_vrefbuf_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
	174	{
0cdbf481 FG	175	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv;
	176	struct regulator_config config = { };
	177	struct regulator_dev *rdev;
	178	int ret;
	179
	180	priv = devm_kzalloc(&pdev->dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
	181	if (!priv)
	182	return -ENOMEM;
be5295f8	183	priv->dev = &pdev->dev;
0cdbf481	184
73511a90	185	priv->base = devm_platform_ioremap_resource(pdev, 0);
0cdbf481 FG	186	if (IS_ERR(priv->base))
	187	return PTR_ERR(priv->base);
	188
	189	priv->clk = devm_clk_get(&pdev->dev, NULL);
	190	if (IS_ERR(priv->clk))
	191	return PTR_ERR(priv->clk);
	192
be5295f8 FG	193	pm_runtime_get_noresume(&pdev->dev);
	194	pm_runtime_set_active(&pdev->dev);
	195	pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(&pdev->dev,
	196	STM32_VREFBUF_AUTO_SUSPEND_DELAY_MS);
	197	pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(&pdev->dev);
	198	pm_runtime_enable(&pdev->dev);
	199
0cdbf481 FG	200	ret = clk_prepare_enable(priv->clk);
	201	if (ret) {
	202	dev_err(&pdev->dev, "clk prepare failed with error %d\n", ret);
be5295f8	203	goto err_pm_stop;
0cdbf481 FG	204	}
	205
	206	config.dev = &pdev->dev;
	207	config.driver_data = priv;
	208	config.of_node = pdev->dev.of_node;
	209	config.init_data = of_get_regulator_init_data(&pdev->dev,
	210	pdev->dev.of_node,
	211	&stm32_vrefbuf_regu);
	212
8f3cbcd6	213	rdev = regulator_register(&pdev->dev, &stm32_vrefbuf_regu, &config);
0cdbf481 FG	214	if (IS_ERR(rdev)) {
	215	ret = PTR_ERR(rdev);
	216	dev_err(&pdev->dev, "register failed with error %d\n", ret);
	217	goto err_clk_dis;
	218	}
	219	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, rdev);
	220
be5295f8 FG	221	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(&pdev->dev);
	222	pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(&pdev->dev);
	223
0cdbf481 FG	224	return 0;
	225
	226	err_clk_dis:
	227	clk_disable_unprepare(priv->clk);
be5295f8 FG	228	err_pm_stop:
	229	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
	230	pm_runtime_set_suspended(&pdev->dev);
	231	pm_runtime_put_noidle(&pdev->dev);
0cdbf481 FG	232
	233	return ret;
	234	}
	235
6f382a0c	236	static void stm32_vrefbuf_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
0cdbf481 FG	237	{
	238	struct regulator_dev *rdev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
	239	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	240
be5295f8	241	pm_runtime_get_sync(&pdev->dev);
0cdbf481 FG	242	regulator_unregister(rdev);
0cdbf481 FG	243	clk_disable_unprepare(priv->clk);
be5295f8 FG	244	pm_runtime_disable(&pdev->dev);
	245	pm_runtime_set_suspended(&pdev->dev);
	246	pm_runtime_put_noidle(&pdev->dev);
0cdbf481 FG	247	};
0cdbf481 FG	248
be5295f8 FG	249	static int __maybe_unused stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
	250	{
	251	struct regulator_dev *rdev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
	252	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	253
	254	clk_disable_unprepare(priv->clk);
	255
	256	return 0;
	257	}
	258
	259	static int __maybe_unused stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
	260	{
	261	struct regulator_dev *rdev = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
	262	struct stm32_vrefbuf *priv = rdev_get_drvdata(rdev);
	263
	264	return clk_prepare_enable(priv->clk);
	265	}
	266
	267	static const struct dev_pm_ops stm32_vrefbuf_pm_ops = {
	268	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(pm_runtime_force_suspend,
	269	pm_runtime_force_resume)
	270	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_suspend,
	271	stm32_vrefbuf_runtime_resume,
	272	NULL)
	273	};
	274
d5579e7a	275	static const struct of_device_id __maybe_unused stm32_vrefbuf_of_match[] = {
0cdbf481 FG	276	{ .compatible = "st,stm32-vrefbuf", },
	277	{},
	278	};
	279	MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, stm32_vrefbuf_of_match);
	280
	281	static struct platform_driver stm32_vrefbuf_driver = {
	282	.probe = stm32_vrefbuf_probe,
6f382a0c	283	.remove_new = stm32_vrefbuf_remove,
0cdbf481 FG	284	.driver = {
0cdbf481 FG	285	.name = "stm32-vrefbuf",
259b93b2	286	.probe_type = PROBE_PREFER_ASYNCHRONOUS,
0cdbf481	287	.of_match_table = of_match_ptr(stm32_vrefbuf_of_match),
be5295f8	288	.pm = &stm32_vrefbuf_pm_ops,
0cdbf481 FG	289	},
	290	};
	291	module_platform_driver(stm32_vrefbuf_driver);
	292
	293	MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
	294	MODULE_AUTHOR("Fabrice Gasnier <[email protected]>");
	295	MODULE_DESCRIPTION("STMicroelectronics STM32 VREFBUF driver");
	296	MODULE_ALIAS("platform:stm32-vrefbuf");