\input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*-
@setfilename gdbint.info
@include gdb-cfg.texi
-@dircategory Programming & development tools.
+@dircategory Software development
@direntry
* Gdb-Internals: (gdbint). The GNU debugger's internals.
@end direntry
@ifinfo
This file documents the internals of the GNU debugger @value{GDBN}.
-Copyright 1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1996,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004
+Copyright (C) 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
+ 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Contributed by Cygnus Solutions. Written by John Gilmore.
Second Edition by Stan Shebs.
@vskip 0pt plus 1filll
Copyright @copyright{} 1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1996,1998,1999,2000,2001,
- 2002, 2003, 2004 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+ 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
* Support Libraries::
* Coding::
* Porting GDB::
+* Versions and Branches::
+* Start of New Year Procedure::
* Releasing GDB::
* Testsuite::
* Hints::
When you want to make @value{GDBN} work ``native'' on a particular machine, you
have to include all three kinds of information.
+@section Source Tree Structure
+@cindex @value{GDBN} source tree structure
+
+The @value{GDBN} source directory has a mostly flat structure---there
+are only a few subdirectories. A file's name usually gives a hint as
+to what it does; for example, @file{stabsread.c} reads stabs,
+@file{dwarfread.c} reads DWARF, etc.
+
+Files that are related to some common task have names that share
+common substrings. For example, @file{*-thread.c} files deal with
+debugging threads on various platforms; @file{*read.c} files deal with
+reading various kinds of symbol and object files; @file{inf*.c} files
+deal with direct control of the @dfn{inferior program} (@value{GDBN}
+parlance for the program being debugged).
+
+There are several dozens of files in the @file{*-tdep.c} family.
+@samp{tdep} stands for @dfn{target-dependent code}---each of these
+files implements debug support for a specific target architecture
+(sparc, mips, etc). Usually, only one of these will be used in a
+specific @value{GDBN} configuration (sometimes two, closely related).
+
+Similarly, there are many @file{*-nat.c} files, each one for native
+debugging on a specific system (e.g., @file{sparc-linux-nat.c} is for
+native debugging of Sparc machines running the Linux kernel).
+
+The few subdirectories of the source tree are:
+
+@table @file
+@item cli
+Code that implements @dfn{CLI}, the @value{GDBN} Command-Line
+Interpreter. @xref{User Interface, Command Interpreter}.
+
+@item gdbserver
+Code for the @value{GDBN} remote server.
+
+@item gdbtk
+Code for Insight, the @value{GDBN} TK-based GUI front-end.
+
+@item mi
+The @dfn{GDB/MI}, the @value{GDBN} Machine Interface interpreter.
+
+@item signals
+Target signal translation code.
+
+@item tui
+Code for @dfn{TUI}, the @value{GDBN} Text-mode full-screen User
+Interface. @xref{User Interface, TUI}.
+@end table
@node Algorithms
A frame is a construct that @value{GDBN} uses to keep track of calling
and called functions.
-@findex create_new_frame
-@vindex FRAME_FP
-@code{FRAME_FP} in the machine description has no meaning to the
-machine-independent part of @value{GDBN}, except that it is used when
-setting up a new frame from scratch, as follows:
+@cindex frame, unwind
+@value{GDBN}'s frame model, a fresh design, was implemented with the
+need to support @sc{dwarf}'s Call Frame Information in mind. In fact,
+the term ``unwind'' is taken directly from that specification.
+Developers wishing to learn more about unwinders, are encouraged to
+read the the @sc{dwarf} specification.
+
+@findex frame_register_unwind
+@findex get_frame_register
+@value{GDBN}'s model is that you find a frame's registers by
+``unwinding'' them from the next younger frame. That is,
+@samp{get_frame_register} which returns the value of a register in
+frame #1 (the next-to-youngest frame), is implemented by calling frame
+#0's @code{frame_register_unwind} (the youngest frame). But then the
+obvious question is: how do you access the registers of the youngest
+frame itself?
+
+@cindex sentinel frame
+@findex get_frame_type
+@vindex SENTINEL_FRAME
+To answer this question, GDB has the @dfn{sentinel} frame, the
+``-1st'' frame. Unwinding registers from the sentinel frame gives you
+the current values of the youngest real frame's registers. If @var{f}
+is a sentinel frame, then @code{get_frame_type (@var{f}) ==
+SENTINEL_FRAME}.
+
+@section Prologue Analysis
+
+@cindex prologue analysis
+@cindex call frame information
+@cindex CFI (call frame information)
+To produce a backtrace and allow the user to manipulate older frames'
+variables and arguments, @value{GDBN} needs to find the base addresses
+of older frames, and discover where those frames' registers have been
+saved. Since a frame's ``callee-saves'' registers get saved by
+younger frames if and when they're reused, a frame's registers may be
+scattered unpredictably across younger frames. This means that
+changing the value of a register-allocated variable in an older frame
+may actually entail writing to a save slot in some younger frame.
+
+Modern versions of GCC emit Dwarf call frame information (``CFI''),
+which describes how to find frame base addresses and saved registers.
+But CFI is not always available, so as a fallback @value{GDBN} uses a
+technique called @dfn{prologue analysis} to find frame sizes and saved
+registers. A prologue analyzer disassembles the function's machine
+code starting from its entry point, and looks for instructions that
+allocate frame space, save the stack pointer in a frame pointer
+register, save registers, and so on. Obviously, this can't be done
+accurately in general, but it's tractable to do well enough to be very
+helpful. Prologue analysis predates the GNU toolchain's support for
+CFI; at one time, prologue analysis was the only mechanism
+@value{GDBN} used for stack unwinding at all, when the function
+calling conventions didn't specify a fixed frame layout.
+
+In the olden days, function prologues were generated by hand-written,
+target-specific code in GCC, and treated as opaque and untouchable by
+optimizers. Looking at this code, it was usually straightforward to
+write a prologue analyzer for @value{GDBN} that would accurately
+understand all the prologues GCC would generate. However, over time
+GCC became more aggressive about instruction scheduling, and began to
+understand more about the semantics of the prologue instructions
+themselves; in response, @value{GDBN}'s analyzers became more complex
+and fragile. Keeping the prologue analyzers working as GCC (and the
+instruction sets themselves) evolved became a substantial task.
+
+@cindex @file{prologue-value.c}
+@cindex abstract interpretation of function prologues
+@cindex pseudo-evaluation of function prologues
+To try to address this problem, the code in @file{prologue-value.h}
+and @file{prologue-value.c} provides a general framework for writing
+prologue analyzers that are simpler and more robust than ad-hoc
+analyzers. When we analyze a prologue using the prologue-value
+framework, we're really doing ``abstract interpretation'' or
+``pseudo-evaluation'': running the function's code in simulation, but
+using conservative approximations of the values registers and memory
+would hold when the code actually runs. For example, if our function
+starts with the instruction:
+
+@example
+addi r1, 42 # add 42 to r1
+@end example
+@noindent
+we don't know exactly what value will be in @code{r1} after executing
+this instruction, but we do know it'll be 42 greater than its original
+value.
+
+If we then see an instruction like:
-@smallexample
-create_new_frame (read_register (DEPRECATED_FP_REGNUM), read_pc ()));
-@end smallexample
+@example
+addi r1, 22 # add 22 to r1
+@end example
+@noindent
+we still don't know what @code{r1's} value is, but again, we can say
+it is now 64 greater than its original value.
+
+If the next instruction were:
+
+@example
+mov r2, r1 # set r2 to r1's value
+@end example
+@noindent
+then we can say that @code{r2's} value is now the original value of
+@code{r1} plus 64.
+
+It's common for prologues to save registers on the stack, so we'll
+need to track the values of stack frame slots, as well as the
+registers. So after an instruction like this:
+
+@example
+mov (fp+4), r2
+@end example
+@noindent
+then we'd know that the stack slot four bytes above the frame pointer
+holds the original value of @code{r1} plus 64.
+
+And so on.
+
+Of course, this can only go so far before it gets unreasonable. If we
+wanted to be able to say anything about the value of @code{r1} after
+the instruction:
+
+@example
+xor r1, r3 # exclusive-or r1 and r3, place result in r1
+@end example
+@noindent
+then things would get pretty complex. But remember, we're just doing
+a conservative approximation; if exclusive-or instructions aren't
+relevant to prologues, we can just say @code{r1}'s value is now
+``unknown''. We can ignore things that are too complex, if that loss of
+information is acceptable for our application.
+
+So when we say ``conservative approximation'' here, what we mean is an
+approximation that is either accurate, or marked ``unknown'', but
+never inaccurate.
+
+Using this framework, a prologue analyzer is simply an interpreter for
+machine code, but one that uses conservative approximations for the
+contents of registers and memory instead of actual values. Starting
+from the function's entry point, you simulate instructions up to the
+current PC, or an instruction that you don't know how to simulate.
+Now you can examine the state of the registers and stack slots you've
+kept track of.
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+To see how large your stack frame is, just check the value of the
+stack pointer register; if it's the original value of the SP
+minus a constant, then that constant is the stack frame's size.
+If the SP's value has been marked as ``unknown'', then that means
+the prologue has done something too complex for us to track, and
+we don't know the frame size.
+
+@item
+To see where we've saved the previous frame's registers, we just
+search the values we've tracked --- stack slots, usually, but
+registers, too, if you want --- for something equal to the register's
+original value. If the calling conventions suggest a standard place
+to save a given register, then we can check there first, but really,
+anything that will get us back the original value will probably work.
+@end itemize
+
+This does take some work. But prologue analyzers aren't
+quick-and-simple pattern patching to recognize a few fixed prologue
+forms any more; they're big, hairy functions. Along with inferior
+function calls, prologue analysis accounts for a substantial portion
+of the time needed to stabilize a @value{GDBN} port. So it's
+worthwhile to look for an approach that will be easier to understand
+and maintain. In the approach described above:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+
+@item
+It's easier to see that the analyzer is correct: you just see
+whether the analyzer properly (albeit conservatively) simulates
+the effect of each instruction.
+
+@item
+It's easier to extend the analyzer: you can add support for new
+instructions, and know that you haven't broken anything that
+wasn't already broken before.
+
+@item
+It's orthogonal: to gather new information, you don't need to
+complicate the code for each instruction. As long as your domain
+of conservative values is already detailed enough to tell you
+what you need, then all the existing instruction simulations are
+already gathering the right data for you.
+
+@end itemize
+
+The file @file{prologue-value.h} contains detailed comments explaining
+the framework and how to use it.
-@cindex frame pointer register
-Other than that, all the meaning imparted to @code{DEPRECATED_FP_REGNUM}
-is imparted by the machine-dependent code. So,
-@code{DEPRECATED_FP_REGNUM} can have any value that is convenient for
-the code that creates new frames. (@code{create_new_frame} calls
-@code{DEPRECATED_INIT_EXTRA_FRAME_INFO} if it is defined; that is where
-you should use the @code{DEPRECATED_FP_REGNUM} value, if your frames are
-nonstandard.)
-
-@cindex frame chain
-Given a @value{GDBN} frame, define @code{DEPRECATED_FRAME_CHAIN} to
-determine the address of the calling function's frame. This will be
-used to create a new @value{GDBN} frame struct, and then
-@code{DEPRECATED_INIT_EXTRA_FRAME_INFO} and
-@code{DEPRECATED_INIT_FRAME_PC} will be called for the new frame.
@section Breakpoint Handling
Basic breakpoint object handling is in @file{breakpoint.c}. However,
much of the interesting breakpoint action is in @file{infrun.c}.
+@table @code
+@cindex insert or remove software breakpoint
+@findex target_remove_breakpoint
+@findex target_insert_breakpoint
+@item target_remove_breakpoint (@var{bp_tgt})
+@itemx target_insert_breakpoint (@var{bp_tgt})
+Insert or remove a software breakpoint at address
+@code{@var{bp_tgt}->placed_address}. Returns zero for success,
+non-zero for failure. On input, @var{bp_tgt} contains the address of the
+breakpoint, and is otherwise initialized to zero. The fields of the
+@code{struct bp_target_info} pointed to by @var{bp_tgt} are updated
+to contain other information about the breakpoint on output. The field
+@code{placed_address} may be updated if the breakpoint was placed at a
+related address; the field @code{shadow_contents} contains the real
+contents of the bytes where the breakpoint has been inserted,
+if reading memory would return the breakpoint instead of the
+underlying memory; the field @code{shadow_len} is the length of
+memory cached in @code{shadow_contents}, if any; and the field
+@code{placed_size} is optionally set and used by the target, if
+it could differ from @code{shadow_len}.
+
+For example, the remote target @samp{Z0} packet does not require
+shadowing memory, so @code{shadow_len} is left at zero. However,
+the length reported by @code{BREAKPOINT_FROM_PC} is cached in
+@code{placed_size}, so that a matching @samp{z0} packet can be
+used to remove the breakpoint.
+
+@cindex insert or remove hardware breakpoint
+@findex target_remove_hw_breakpoint
+@findex target_insert_hw_breakpoint
+@item target_remove_hw_breakpoint (@var{bp_tgt})
+@itemx target_insert_hw_breakpoint (@var{bp_tgt})
+Insert or remove a hardware-assisted breakpoint at address
+@code{@var{bp_tgt}->placed_address}. Returns zero for success,
+non-zero for failure. See @code{target_insert_breakpoint} for
+a description of the @code{struct bp_target_info} pointed to by
+@var{bp_tgt}; the @code{shadow_contents} and
+@code{shadow_len} members are not used for hardware breakpoints,
+but @code{placed_size} may be.
+@end table
+
@section Single Stepping
@section Signal Handling
watched expression(s) after each instruction. The rest of this
section is mostly irrelevant for software watchpoints.
+When the inferior stops, @value{GDBN} tries to establish, among other
+possible reasons, whether it stopped due to a watchpoint being hit.
+For a data-write watchpoint, it does so by evaluating, for each
+watchpoint, the expression whose value is being watched, and testing
+whether the watched value has changed. For data-read and data-access
+watchpoints, @value{GDBN} needs the target to supply a primitive that
+returns the address of the data that was accessed or read (see the
+description of @code{target_stopped_data_address} below): if this
+primitive returns a valid address, @value{GDBN} infers that a
+watchpoint triggered if it watches an expression whose evaluation uses
+that address.
+
@value{GDBN} uses several macros and primitives to support hardware
watchpoints:
Return non-zero if hardware watchpoints can be used to watch a region
whose address is @var{addr} and whose length in bytes is @var{len}.
-@findex TARGET_REGION_SIZE_OK_FOR_HW_WATCHPOINT
-@item TARGET_REGION_SIZE_OK_FOR_HW_WATCHPOINT (@var{size})
-Return non-zero if hardware watchpoints can be used to watch a region
-whose size is @var{size}. @value{GDBN} only uses this macro as a
-fall-back, in case @code{TARGET_REGION_OK_FOR_HW_WATCHPOINT} is not
-defined.
-
-@findex TARGET_DISABLE_HW_WATCHPOINTS
-@item TARGET_DISABLE_HW_WATCHPOINTS (@var{pid})
-Disables watchpoints in the process identified by @var{pid}. This is
-used, e.g., on HP-UX which provides operations to disable and enable
-the page-level memory protection that implements hardware watchpoints
-on that platform.
-
-@findex TARGET_ENABLE_HW_WATCHPOINTS
-@item TARGET_ENABLE_HW_WATCHPOINTS (@var{pid})
-Enables watchpoints in the process identified by @var{pid}. This is
-used, e.g., on HP-UX which provides operations to disable and enable
-the page-level memory protection that implements hardware watchpoints
-on that platform.
-
+@cindex insert or remove hardware watchpoint
@findex target_insert_watchpoint
@findex target_remove_watchpoint
@item target_insert_watchpoint (@var{addr}, @var{len}, @var{type})
@noindent
These two macros should return 0 for success, non-zero for failure.
-@cindex insert or remove hardware breakpoint
-@findex target_remove_hw_breakpoint
-@findex target_insert_hw_breakpoint
-@item target_remove_hw_breakpoint (@var{addr}, @var{shadow})
-@itemx target_insert_hw_breakpoint (@var{addr}, @var{shadow})
-Insert or remove a hardware-assisted breakpoint at address @var{addr}.
-Returns zero for success, non-zero for failure. @var{shadow} is the
-real contents of the byte where the breakpoint has been inserted; it
-is generally not valid when hardware breakpoints are used, but since
-no other code touches these values, the implementations of the above
-two macros can use them for their internal purposes.
-
@findex target_stopped_data_address
-@item target_stopped_data_address ()
-If the inferior has some watchpoint that triggered, return the address
-associated with that watchpoint. Otherwise, return zero.
+@item target_stopped_data_address (@var{addr_p})
+If the inferior has some watchpoint that triggered, place the address
+associated with the watchpoint at the location pointed to by
+@var{addr_p} and return non-zero. Otherwise, return zero. Note that
+this primitive is used by @value{GDBN} only on targets that support
+data-read or data-access type watchpoints, so targets that have
+support only for data-write watchpoints need not implement these
+primitives.
@findex HAVE_STEPPABLE_WATCHPOINT
@item HAVE_STEPPABLE_WATCHPOINT
@item STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT (@var{wait_status})
Return non-zero if stopped by a watchpoint. @var{wait_status} is of
the type @code{struct target_waitstatus}, defined by @file{target.h}.
+Normally, this macro is defined to invoke the function pointed to by
+the @code{to_stopped_by_watchpoint} member of the structure (of the
+type @code{target_ops}, defined on @file{target.h}) that describes the
+target-specific operations; @code{to_stopped_by_watchpoint} ignores
+the @var{wait_status} argument.
+
+@value{GDBN} does not require the non-zero value returned by
+@code{STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT} to be 100% correct, so if a target cannot
+determine for sure whether the inferior stopped due to a watchpoint,
+it could return non-zero ``just in case''.
@end table
@subsection x86 Watchpoints
processors.
@findex i386_stopped_data_address
-@item i386_stopped_data_address (void)
-The macros @code{STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT} and
-@code{target_stopped_data_address} are set to call this function. The
-argument passed to @code{STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT} is ignored. This
+@item i386_stopped_data_address (@var{addr_p})
+The target function
+@code{target_stopped_data_address} is set to call this function.
+This
function examines the breakpoint condition bits in the DR6 Debug
Status register, as returned by the @code{I386_DR_LOW_GET_STATUS}
macro, and returns the address associated with the first bit that is
set in DR6.
+@findex i386_stopped_by_watchpoint
+@item i386_stopped_by_watchpoint (void)
+The macro @code{STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT}
+is set to call this function. The
+argument passed to @code{STOPPED_BY_WATCHPOINT} is ignored. This
+function examines the breakpoint condition bits in the DR6 Debug
+Status register, as returned by the @code{I386_DR_LOW_GET_STATUS}
+macro, and returns true if any bit is set. Otherwise, false is
+returned.
+
@findex i386_insert_watchpoint
@findex i386_remove_watchpoint
@item i386_insert_watchpoint (@var{addr}, @var{len}, @var{type})
@findex i386_insert_hw_breakpoint
@findex i386_remove_hw_breakpoint
-@item i386_insert_hw_breakpoint (@var{addr}, @var{shadow}
-@itemx i386_remove_hw_breakpoint (@var{addr}, @var{shadow})
+@item i386_insert_hw_breakpoint (@var{bp_tgt})
+@itemx i386_remove_hw_breakpoint (@var{bp_tgt})
These functions insert and remove hardware-assisted breakpoints. The
macros @code{target_insert_hw_breakpoint} and
@code{target_remove_hw_breakpoint} are set to call these functions.
+The argument is a @code{struct bp_target_info *}, as described in
+the documentation for @code{target_insert_breakpoint}.
These functions work like @code{i386_insert_watchpoint} and
@code{i386_remove_watchpoint}, respectively, except that they set up
the debug registers to watch instruction execution, and each
@item i386_stopped_by_hwbp (void)
This function returns non-zero if the inferior has some watchpoint or
hardware breakpoint that triggered. It works like
-@code{i386_stopped_data_address}, except that it doesn't return the
+@code{i386_stopped_data_address}, except that it doesn't record the
address whose watchpoint triggered.
@findex i386_cleanup_dregs
unavailable in many platforms.
@end enumerate
+@section Checkpoints
+@cindex checkpoints
+@cindex restart
+In the abstract, a checkpoint is a point in the execution history of
+the program, which the user may wish to return to at some later time.
+
+Internally, a checkpoint is a saved copy of the program state, including
+whatever information is required in order to restore the program to that
+state at a later time. This can be expected to include the state of
+registers and memory, and may include external state such as the state
+of open files and devices.
+
+There are a number of ways in which checkpoints may be implemented
+in gdb, e.g.@: as corefiles, as forked processes, and as some opaque
+method implemented on the target side.
+
+A corefile can be used to save an image of target memory and register
+state, which can in principle be restored later --- but corefiles do
+not typically include information about external entities such as
+open files. Currently this method is not implemented in gdb.
+
+A forked process can save the state of user memory and registers,
+as well as some subset of external (kernel) state. This method
+is used to implement checkpoints on Linux, and in principle might
+be used on other systems.
+
+Some targets, e.g.@: simulators, might have their own built-in
+method for saving checkpoints, and gdb might be able to take
+advantage of that capability without necessarily knowing any
+details of how it is done.
+
+
@section Observing changes in @value{GDBN} internals
@cindex observer pattern interface
@cindex notifications about changes in internals
@smallexample
annotate_field (4);
printf_filtered ("%s ",
- local_hex_string_custom ((unsigned long) b->address, "08l"));
+ hex_string_custom ((unsigned long) b->address, 8));
@end smallexample
It became:
obtain various status values from @value{GDBN}.
@end itemize
-Since @code{libgdb} could have multiple clients (e.g. a GUI supporting
+Since @code{libgdb} could have multiple clients (e.g., a GUI supporting
the existing @value{GDBN} CLI), those clients must co-operate when
controlling @code{libgdb}. In particular, a client must ensure that
@code{libgdb} is idle (i.e. no other client is using @code{libgdb})
@code{@var{xyz}_sym_init} for possible initialization. @code{addr} is
the offset between the file's specified start address and its true
address in memory. @code{mainline} is 1 if this is the main symbol
-table being read, and 0 if a secondary symbol file (e.g. shared library
+table being read, and 0 if a secondary symbol file (e.g., shared library
or dynamically loaded file) is being read.@refill
@end table
@findex find_pc_function
@findex find_pc_line
@item
-By its address (e.g. execution stops at some address which is inside a
+By its address (e.g., execution stops at some address which is inside a
function in this file). The address will be noticed to be in the
range of this psymtab, and the full symtab will be read in.
@code{find_pc_function}, @code{find_pc_line}, and other
@cindex lookup_symbol
@item
By its name
-(e.g. the user asks to print a variable, or set a breakpoint on a
+(e.g., the user asks to print a variable, or set a breakpoint on a
function). Global names and file-scope names will be found in the
psymtab, which will cause the symtab to be pulled in. Local names will
have to be qualified by a global name, or a file-scope name, in which
directly. This interface should be described in a file
@file{bfd/lib@var{xyz}.h}, which is included by @value{GDBN}.
+@section Memory Management for Symbol Files
+
+Most memory associated with a loaded symbol file is stored on
+its @code{objfile_obstack}. This includes symbols, types,
+namespace data, and other information produced by the symbol readers.
+
+Because this data lives on the objfile's obstack, it is automatically
+released when the objfile is unloaded or reloaded. Therefore one
+objfile must not reference symbol or type data from another objfile;
+they could be unloaded at different times.
+
+User convenience variables, et cetera, have associated types. Normally
+these types live in the associated objfile. However, when the objfile
+is unloaded, those types are deep copied to global memory, so that
+the values of the user variables and history items are not lost.
+
@node Language Support
@item NO_STD_REGS
This macro is deprecated.
-@item NO_SYS_FILE
-Define this if your system does not have a @code{<sys/file.h>}.
-
@item SIGWINCH_HANDLER
If your host defines @code{SIGWINCH}, you can define this to be the name
of a function to be called if @code{SIGWINCH} is received.
@cindex terminal device
The name of the generic TTY device, defaults to @code{"/dev/tty"}.
-@item FCLOSE_PROVIDED
-Define this if the system declares @code{fclose} in the headers included
-in @code{defs.h}. This isn't needed unless your compiler is unusually
-anal.
-
@item FOPEN_RB
Define this if binary files are opened the same way as text files.
-@item GETENV_PROVIDED
-Define this if the system declares @code{getenv} in its headers included
-in @code{defs.h}. This isn't needed unless your compiler is unusually
-anal.
-
@item HAVE_MMAP
@findex mmap
In some cases, use the system call @code{mmap} for reading symbol
This is the signal for stopping @value{GDBN}. Defaults to
@code{SIGTSTP}. (Only redefined for the Convex.)
-@item USE_O_NOCTTY
-Define this if the interior's tty should be opened with the @code{O_NOCTTY}
-flag. (FIXME: This should be a native-only flag, but @file{inflow.c} is
-always linked in.)
-
@item USG
Means that System V (prior to SVR4) include files are in use. (FIXME:
This symbol is abused in @file{infrun.c}, @file{regex.c}, and
Replaces all the other @var{BREAKPOINT} macros.
-@item MEMORY_INSERT_BREAKPOINT (@var{addr}, @var{contents_cache})
-@itemx MEMORY_REMOVE_BREAKPOINT (@var{addr}, @var{contents_cache})
+@item MEMORY_INSERT_BREAKPOINT (@var{bp_tgt})
+@itemx MEMORY_REMOVE_BREAKPOINT (@var{bp_tgt})
@findex MEMORY_REMOVE_BREAKPOINT
@findex MEMORY_INSERT_BREAKPOINT
Insert or remove memory based breakpoints. Reasonable defaults
@code{FUNCTION_EPILOGUE_SIZE} to expand into the standard size of a
function's epilogue.
-@item FUNCTION_START_OFFSET
-@findex FUNCTION_START_OFFSET
+@item DEPRECATED_FUNCTION_START_OFFSET
+@findex DEPRECATED_FUNCTION_START_OFFSET
An integer, giving the offset in bytes from a function's address (as
used in the values of symbols, function pointers, etc.), and the
function's first genuine instruction.
This is zero on almost all machines: the function's address is usually
-the address of its first instruction. However, on the VAX, for example,
-each function starts with two bytes containing a bitmask indicating
-which registers to save upon entry to the function. The VAX @code{call}
-instructions check this value, and save the appropriate registers
-automatically. Thus, since the offset from the function's address to
-its first instruction is two bytes, @code{FUNCTION_START_OFFSET} would
-be 2 on the VAX.
+the address of its first instruction. However, on the VAX, for
+example, each function starts with two bytes containing a bitmask
+indicating which registers to save upon entry to the function. The
+VAX @code{call} instructions check this value, and save the
+appropriate registers automatically. Thus, since the offset from the
+function's address to its first instruction is two bytes,
+@code{DEPRECATED_FUNCTION_START_OFFSET} would be 2 on the VAX.
@item GCC_COMPILED_FLAG_SYMBOL
@itemx GCC2_COMPILED_FLAG_SYMBOL
Return the appropriate register set for a core file section with name
@var{sect_name} and size @var{sect_size}.
-
-@item RETURN_VALUE_ON_STACK(@var{type})
-@findex RETURN_VALUE_ON_STACK
-@cindex returning structures by value
-@cindex structures, returning by value
-
-Return non-zero if values of type TYPE are returned on the stack, using
-the ``struct convention'' (i.e., the caller provides a pointer to a
-buffer in which the callee should store the return value). This
-controls how the @samp{finish} command finds a function's return value,
-and whether an inferior function call reserves space on the stack for
-the return value.
-
-The full logic @value{GDBN} uses here is kind of odd.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-If the type being returned by value is not a structure, union, or array,
-and @code{RETURN_VALUE_ON_STACK} returns zero, then @value{GDBN}
-concludes the value is not returned using the struct convention.
-
-@item
-Otherwise, @value{GDBN} calls @code{USE_STRUCT_CONVENTION} (see below).
-If that returns non-zero, @value{GDBN} assumes the struct convention is
-in use.
-@end itemize
-
-In other words, to indicate that a given type is returned by value using
-the struct convention, that type must be either a struct, union, array,
-or something @code{RETURN_VALUE_ON_STACK} likes, @emph{and} something
-that @code{USE_STRUCT_CONVENTION} likes.
-
-Note that, in C and C@t{++}, arrays are never returned by value. In those
-languages, these predicates will always see a pointer type, never an
-array type. All the references above to arrays being returned by value
-apply only to other languages.
-
@item SOFTWARE_SINGLE_STEP_P()
@findex SOFTWARE_SINGLE_STEP_P
Define this as 1 if the target does not have a hardware single-step
them.
@end itemize
-@item PCC_SOL_BROKEN
-@findex PCC_SOL_BROKEN
-(Used only in the Convex target.)
-
@item PC_LOAD_SEGMENT
@findex PC_LOAD_SEGMENT
If defined, print information about the load segment for the program
This method replaces @code{CALL_DUMMY_LOCATION},
@code{DEPRECATED_REGISTER_SIZE}.
-@item DEPRECATED_REGISTER_BYTES
-@findex DEPRECATED_REGISTER_BYTES
-The total amount of space needed to store @value{GDBN}'s copy of the
-machine's register state.
-
-This is no longer needed. @value{GDBN} instead computes the size of the
-register buffer at run-time.
-
@item REGISTER_NAME(@var{i})
@findex REGISTER_NAME
Return the name of register @var{i} as a string. May return @code{NULL}
This method has been deprecated in favour of @code{gdbarch_return_value}
(@pxref{gdbarch_return_value}).
-@item SUN_FIXED_LBRAC_BUG
-@findex SUN_FIXED_LBRAC_BUG
-(Used only for Sun-3 and Sun-4 targets.)
-
@item SYMBOL_RELOADING_DEFAULT
@findex SYMBOL_RELOADING_DEFAULT
The default value of the ``symbol-reloading'' variable. (Never defined in
@findex read_sp
@findex read_fp
@anchor{TARGET_READ_SP} These change the behavior of @code{read_pc},
-@code{write_pc}, @code{read_sp} and @code{deprecated_read_fp}. For most
-targets, these may be left undefined. @value{GDBN} will call the read
-and write register functions with the relevant @code{_REGNUM} argument.
+@code{write_pc}, and @code{read_sp}. For most targets, these may be
+left undefined. @value{GDBN} will call the read and write register
+functions with the relevant @code{_REGNUM} argument.
These macros are useful when a target keeps one of these registers in a
hard to get at place; for example, part in a segment register and part
previously saved using @code{SAVE_DUMMY_FRAME_TOS}.
@xref{SAVE_DUMMY_FRAME_TOS}.
-@item USE_STRUCT_CONVENTION (@var{gcc_p}, @var{type})
-@findex USE_STRUCT_CONVENTION
+@item DEPRECATED_USE_STRUCT_CONVENTION (@var{gcc_p}, @var{type})
+@findex DEPRECATED_USE_STRUCT_CONVENTION
If defined, this must be an expression that is nonzero if a value of the
given @var{type} being returned from a function must have space
allocated for it on the stack. @var{gcc_p} is true if the function
machine uses to define the struct of registers that is accessible
(possibly in the u-area) in a core file (rather than
@file{machine/reg.h}), and an include file that defines whatever header
-exists on a core file (e.g. the u-area or a @code{struct core}). Then
+exists on a core file (e.g., the u-area or a @code{struct core}). Then
modify @code{trad_unix_core_file_p} to use these values to set up the
section information for the data segment, stack segment, any other
segments in the core file (perhaps shared library contents or control
information), ``registers'' segment, and if there are two discontiguous
-sets of registers (e.g. integer and float), the ``reg2'' segment. This
+sets of registers (e.g., integer and float), the ``reg2'' segment. This
section information basically delimits areas in the core file in a
standard way, which the section-reading routines in BFD know how to seek
around in.
target systems are the same. These macros should be defined (or left
undefined) in @file{nm-@var{system}.h}.
+@table @code
+
@item CHILD_PREPARE_TO_STORE
@findex CHILD_PREPARE_TO_STORE
If the machine stores all registers at once in the child process, then
@file{infptrace.c} is included in this configuration, the default
routines in @file{infptrace.c} are used for these functions.
-@item FILES_INFO_HOOK
-@findex FILES_INFO_HOOK
-(Only defined for Convex.)
-
@item FP0_REGNUM
@findex FP0_REGNUM
This macro is normally defined to be the number of the first floating
addresses in the upage, that are obtained via ptrace or from core files.
On systems that don't need this value, set it to zero.
-@item KERNEL_U_ADDR_BSD
-@findex KERNEL_U_ADDR_BSD
-Define this to cause @value{GDBN} to determine the address of @code{u} at
-runtime, by using Berkeley-style @code{nlist} on the kernel's image in
-the root directory.
-
@item KERNEL_U_ADDR_HPUX
@findex KERNEL_U_ADDR_HPUX
Define this to cause @value{GDBN} to determine the address of @code{u} at
defined in @file{nm.h} @emph{only} in order to override the default
definition in @file{procfs.c}.
-@item PTRACE_FP_BUG
-@findex PTRACE_FP_BUG
-See @file{mach386-xdep.c}.
-
@item PTRACE_ARG3_TYPE
@findex PTRACE_ARG3_TYPE
The type of the third argument to the @code{ptrace} system call, if it
number of traps is something other than 2, then define this macro to
expand into the number expected.
-@item SVR4_SHARED_LIBS
-@findex SVR4_SHARED_LIBS
-Define this to indicate that SVR4-style shared libraries are in use.
-
@item USE_PROC_FS
@findex USE_PROC_FS
This determines whether small routines in @file{*-tdep.c}, which
return file;
@end smallexample
-Some functions, e.g. @code{fputs_filtered()} or @code{error()}, specify
+Some functions, e.g., @code{fputs_filtered()} or @code{error()}, specify
that they ``should not be called when cleanups are not in place''. This
means that any actions you need to reverse in the case of an error or
interruption must be on the cleanup chain before you call these
restrict the memory being allocated to no more than a few kilobytes.}
@value{GDBN} uses the string function @code{xstrdup} and the print
-function @code{xasprintf}.
+function @code{xstrprintf}.
@emph{Pragmatics: @code{asprintf} and @code{strdup} can fail. Print
functions such as @code{sprintf} are very prone to buffer overflow
@end smallexample
@item -Wunused-function
+
+@item -Wno-pointer-sign
+In version 4.0, GCC began warning about pointer argument passing or
+assignment even when the source and destination differed only in
+signedness. However, most @value{GDBN} code doesn't distinguish
+carefully between @code{char} and @code{unsigned char}. In early 2006
+the @value{GDBN} developers decided correcting these warnings wasn't
+worth the time it would take.
+
@end table
@emph{Pragmatics: Due to the way that @value{GDBN} is implemented most
configuration.
@end itemize
-@node Releasing GDB
+@node Versions and Branches
+@chapter Versions and Branches
-@chapter Releasing @value{GDBN}
-@cindex making a new release of gdb
+@section Versions
-@section Versions and Branches
+@value{GDBN}'s version is determined by the file
+@file{gdb/version.in} and takes one of the following forms:
-@subsection Version Identifiers
-
-@value{GDBN}'s version is determined by the file @file{gdb/version.in}.
+@table @asis
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}
+@itemx @var{major}.@var{minor}.@var{patchlevel}
+an official release (e.g., 6.2 or 6.2.1)
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}.@var{patchlevel}.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}
+a snapshot taken at @var{YYYY}-@var{MM}-@var{DD}-gmt (e.g.,
+6.1.50.20020302, 6.1.90.20020304, or 6.1.0.20020308)
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}.@var{patchlevel}.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}-cvs
+a @sc{cvs} check out drawn on @var{YYYY}-@var{MM}-@var{DD} (e.g.,
+6.1.50.20020302-cvs, 6.1.90.20020304-cvs, or 6.1.0.20020308-cvs)
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}.@var{patchlevel}.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD} (@var{vendor})
+a vendor specific release of @value{GDBN}, that while based on@*
+@var{major}.@var{minor}.@var{patchlevel}.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD},
+may include additional changes
+@end table
-@value{GDBN}'s mainline uses ISO dates to differentiate between
-versions. The CVS repository uses @var{YYYY}-@var{MM}-@var{DD}-cvs
-while the corresponding snapshot uses @var{YYYYMMDD}.
+@value{GDBN}'s mainline uses the @var{major} and @var{minor} version
+numbers from the most recent release branch, with a @var{patchlevel}
+of 50. At the time each new release branch is created, the mainline's
+@var{major} and @var{minor} version numbers are updated.
-@value{GDBN}'s release branch uses a slightly more complicated scheme.
-When the branch is first cut, the mainline version identifier is
-prefixed with the @var{major}.@var{minor} from of the previous release
-series but with .90 appended. As draft releases are drawn from the
-branch, the minor minor number (.90) is incremented. Once the first
-release (@var{M}.@var{N}) has been made, the version prefix is updated
-to @var{M}.@var{N}.0.90 (dot zero, dot ninety). Follow on releases have
-an incremented minor minor version number (.0).
+@value{GDBN}'s release branch is similar. When the branch is cut, the
+@var{patchlevel} is changed from 50 to 90. As draft releases are
+drawn from the branch, the @var{patchlevel} is incremented. Once the
+first release (@var{major}.@var{minor}) has been made, the
+@var{patchlevel} is set to 0 and updates have an incremented
+@var{patchlevel}.
-Using 5.1 (previous) and 5.2 (current), the example below illustrates a
-typical sequence of version identifiers:
+For snapshots, and @sc{cvs} check outs, it is also possible to
+identify the @sc{cvs} origin:
@table @asis
-@item 5.1.1
-final release from previous branch
-@item 2002-03-03-cvs
-main-line the day the branch is cut
-@item 5.1.90-2002-03-03-cvs
-corresponding branch version
-@item 5.1.91
-first draft release candidate
-@item 5.1.91-2002-03-17-cvs
-updated branch version
-@item 5.1.92
-second draft release candidate
-@item 5.1.92-2002-03-31-cvs
-updated branch version
-@item 5.1.93
-final release candidate (see below)
-@item 5.2
-official release
-@item 5.2.0.90-2002-04-07-cvs
-updated CVS branch version
-@item 5.2.1
-second official release
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}.50.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}
+drawn from the @sc{head} of mainline @sc{cvs} (e.g., 6.1.50.20020302)
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}.90.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}
+@itemx @var{major}.@var{minor}.91.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD} @dots{}
+drawn from a release branch prior to the release (e.g.,
+6.1.90.20020304)
+@item @var{major}.@var{minor}.0.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}
+@itemx @var{major}.@var{minor}.1.@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD} @dots{}
+drawn from a release branch after the release (e.g., 6.2.0.20020308)
@end table
-Notes:
+If the previous @value{GDBN} version is 6.1 and the current version is
+6.2, then, substituting 6 for @var{major} and 1 or 2 for @var{minor},
+here's an illustration of a typical sequence:
-@itemize @bullet
-@item
-Minor minor minor draft release candidates such as 5.2.0.91 have been
-omitted from the example. Such release candidates are, typically, never
-made.
-@item
-For 5.1.93 the bziped tar ball @file{gdb-5.1.93.tar.bz2} is just the
-official @file{gdb-5.2.tar} renamed and compressed.
-@end itemize
+@smallexample
+ <HEAD>
+ |
+6.1.50.20020302-cvs
+ |
+ +--------------------------.
+ | <gdb_6_2-branch>
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020303-cvs 6.1.90 (draft #1)
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020304-cvs 6.1.90.20020304-cvs
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020305-cvs 6.1.91 (draft #2)
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020306-cvs 6.1.91.20020306-cvs
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020307-cvs 6.2 (release)
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020308-cvs 6.2.0.20020308-cvs
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020309-cvs 6.2.1 (update)
+ | |
+6.2.50.20020310-cvs <branch closed>
+ |
+6.2.50.20020311-cvs
+ |
+ +--------------------------.
+ | <gdb_6_3-branch>
+ | |
+6.3.50.20020312-cvs 6.2.90 (draft #1)
+ | |
+@end smallexample
+
+@section Release Branches
+@cindex Release Branches
+
+@value{GDBN} draws a release series (6.2, 6.2.1, @dots{}) from a
+single release branch, and identifies that branch using the @sc{cvs}
+branch tags:
+
+@smallexample
+gdb_@var{major}_@var{minor}-@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}-branchpoint
+gdb_@var{major}_@var{minor}-branch
+gdb_@var{major}_@var{minor}-@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}-release
+@end smallexample
+
+@emph{Pragmatics: To help identify the date at which a branch or
+release is made, both the branchpoint and release tags include the
+date that they are cut (@var{YYYY}@var{MM}@var{DD}) in the tag. The
+branch tag, denoting the head of the branch, does not need this.}
+
+@section Vendor Branches
+@cindex vendor branches
To avoid version conflicts, vendors are expected to modify the file
@file{gdb/version.in} to include a vendor unique alphabetic identifier
(an official @value{GDBN} release never uses alphabetic characters in
-its version identifer).
+its version identifer). E.g., @samp{6.2widgit2}, or @samp{6.2 (Widgit
+Inc Patch 2)}.
-Since @value{GDBN} does not make minor minor minor releases (e.g.,
-5.1.0.1) the conflict between that and a minor minor draft release
-identifier (e.g., 5.1.0.90) is avoided.
+@section Experimental Branches
+@cindex experimental branches
+
+@subsection Guidelines
+
+@value{GDBN} permits the creation of branches, cut from the @sc{cvs}
+repository, for experimental development. Branches make it possible
+for developers to share preliminary work, and maintainers to examine
+significant new developments.
+
+The following are a set of guidelines for creating such branches:
+
+@table @emph
+@item a branch has an owner
+The owner can set further policy for a branch, but may not change the
+ground rules. In particular, they can set a policy for commits (be it
+adding more reviewers or deciding who can commit).
-@subsection Branches
+@item all commits are posted
+All changes committed to a branch shall also be posted to
+@email{gdb-patches@@sources.redhat.com, the @value{GDBN} patches
+mailing list}. While commentary on such changes are encouraged, people
+should remember that the changes only apply to a branch.
-@value{GDBN} draws a release series (5.2, 5.2.1, @dots{}) from a single
-release branch (gdb_5_2-branch). Since minor minor minor releases
-(5.1.0.1) are not made, the need to branch the release branch is avoided
-(it also turns out that the effort required for such a a branch and
-release is significantly greater than the effort needed to create a new
-release from the head of the release branch).
+@item all commits are covered by an assignment
+This ensures that all changes belong to the Free Software Foundation,
+and avoids the possibility that the branch may become contaminated.
-Releases 5.0 and 5.1 used branch and release tags of the form:
+@item a branch is focused
+A focused branch has a single objective or goal, and does not contain
+unnecessary or irrelevant changes. Cleanups, where identified, being
+be pushed into the mainline as soon as possible.
+@item a branch tracks mainline
+This keeps the level of divergence under control. It also keeps the
+pressure on developers to push cleanups and other stuff into the
+mainline.
+
+@item a branch shall contain the entire @value{GDBN} module
+The @value{GDBN} module @code{gdb} should be specified when creating a
+branch (branches of individual files should be avoided). @xref{Tags}.
+
+@item a branch shall be branded using @file{version.in}
+The file @file{gdb/version.in} shall be modified so that it identifies
+the branch @var{owner} and branch @var{name}, e.g.,
+@samp{6.2.50.20030303_owner_name} or @samp{6.2 (Owner Name)}.
+
+@end table
+
+@subsection Tags
+@anchor{Tags}
+
+To simplify the identification of @value{GDBN} branches, the following
+branch tagging convention is strongly recommended:
+
+@table @code
+
+@item @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{YYYYMMDD}-branchpoint
+@itemx @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{YYYYMMDD}-branch
+The branch point and corresponding branch tag. @var{YYYYMMDD} is the
+date that the branch was created. A branch is created using the
+sequence: @anchor{experimental branch tags}
+@smallexample
+cvs rtag @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{YYYYMMDD}-branchpoint gdb
+cvs rtag -b -r @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{YYYYMMDD}-branchpoint \
+ @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{YYYYMMDD}-branch gdb
+@end smallexample
+
+@item @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{yyyymmdd}-mergepoint
+The tagged point, on the mainline, that was used when merging the branch
+on @var{yyyymmdd}. To merge in all changes since the branch was cut,
+use a command sequence like:
@smallexample
-gdb_N_M-YYYY-MM-DD-branchpoint
-gdb_N_M-YYYY-MM-DD-branch
-gdb_M_N-YYYY-MM-DD-release
+cvs rtag @var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{yyyymmdd}-mergepoint gdb
+cvs update \
+ -j@var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{YYYYMMDD}-branchpoint
+ -j@var{owner}_@var{name}-@var{yyyymmdd}-mergepoint
@end smallexample
+@noindent
+Similar sequences can be used to just merge in changes since the last
+merge.
+
+@end table
-Release 5.2 is trialing the branch and release tags:
+@noindent
+For further information on @sc{cvs}, see
+@uref{http://www.gnu.org/software/cvs/, Concurrent Versions System}.
+
+@node Start of New Year Procedure
+@chapter Start of New Year Procedure
+@cindex new year procedure
+At the start of each new year, the following actions should be performed:
+
+@itemize @bullet
+@item
+Rotate the ChangeLog file
+
+The current @file{ChangeLog} file should be renamed into
+@file{ChangeLog-YYYY} where YYYY is the year that has just passed.
+A new @file{ChangeLog} file should be created, and its contents should
+contain a reference to the previous ChangeLog. The following should
+also be preserved at the end of the new ChangeLog, in order to provide
+the appropriate settings when editing this file with Emacs:
@smallexample
-gdb_N_M-YYYY-MM-DD-branchpoint
-gdb_N_M-branch
-gdb_M_N-YYYY-MM-DD-release
+Local Variables:
+mode: change-log
+left-margin: 8
+fill-column: 74
+version-control: never
+End:
@end smallexample
-@emph{Pragmatics: The branchpoint and release tags need to identify when
-a branch and release are made. The branch tag, denoting the head of the
-branch, does not have this criteria.}
+@item
+Update the copyright year in the startup message
+
+Update the copyright year in file @file{top.c}, function
+@code{print_gdb_version}.
+@end itemize
+
+@node Releasing GDB
+@chapter Releasing @value{GDBN}
+@cindex making a new release of gdb
@section Branch Commit Policy
$ echo $u $V $D
5.1 5_2 2002-03-03
$ echo cvs -f -d :ext:sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src rtag \
--D $D-gmt gdb_$V-$D-branchpoint insight+dejagnu
+-D $D-gmt gdb_$V-$D-branchpoint insight
cvs -f -d :ext:sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src rtag
--D 2002-03-03-gmt gdb_5_2-2002-03-03-branchpoint insight+dejagnu
+-D 2002-03-03-gmt gdb_5_2-2002-03-03-branchpoint insight
$ ^echo ^^
...
$ echo cvs -f -d :ext:sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src rtag \
--b -r gdb_$V-$D-branchpoint gdb_$V-branch insight+dejagnu
+-b -r gdb_$V-$D-branchpoint gdb_$V-branch insight
cvs -f -d :ext:sources.redhat.com:/cvs/src rtag \
--b -r gdb_5_2-2002-03-03-branchpoint gdb_5_2-branch insight+dejagnu
+-b -r gdb_5_2-2002-03-03-branchpoint gdb_5_2-branch insight
$ ^echo ^^
...
$
@itemize @bullet
@item
-by using @kbd{-D YYYY-MM-DD-gmt} the branch is forced to an exact
+By using @kbd{-D YYYY-MM-DD-gmt}, the branch is forced to an exact
date/time.
@item
-the trunk is first taged so that the branch point can easily be found
+The trunk is first tagged so that the branch point can easily be found.
@item
-Insight (which includes GDB) and dejagnu are all tagged at the same time
+Insight, which includes @value{GDBN}, is tagged at the same time.
@item
-@file{version.in} gets bumped to avoid version number conflicts
+@file{version.in} gets bumped to avoid version number conflicts.
@item
-the reading of @file{.cvsrc} is disabled using @file{-f}
+The reading of @file{.cvsrc} is disabled using @file{-f}.
@end itemize
@subheading Update @file{version.in}
@itemize @bullet
@item
@file{0000-00-00} is used as a date to pump prime the version.in update
-mechanism
+mechanism.
@item
@file{.90} and the previous branch version are used as fairly arbitrary
-initial branch version number
+initial branch version number.
@end itemize
@itemize @bullet
@item
-a daily timestamp is added to the file @file{version.in}
+A daily timestamp is added to the file @file{version.in}.
@item
-the new branch is included in the snapshot process
+The new branch is included in the snapshot process.
@end itemize
@noindent
@itemize @bullet
@item
-the branch tag
+The branch tag.
@item
-how to check out the branch using CVS
+How to check out the branch using CVS.
@item
-the date/number of weeks until the release
+The date/number of weeks until the release.
@item
-the branch commit policy
-still holds.
+The branch commit policy still holds.
@end itemize
@section Stabilize the branch
@subsubheading Check out the relevant modules:
@smallexample
-$ for m in gdb insight dejagnu
+$ for m in gdb insight
do
( mkdir -p $m && cd $m && cvs -q -f -d /cvs/src co -P -r $b $m )
done
@itemize @bullet
@item
-the version
+The version.
@item
-the update date
+The update date.
@item
-who did it
+Who did it.
@end itemize
@smallexample
$ cp gdb/src/gdb/ChangeLog insight/src/gdb/ChangeLog
@end smallexample
-@item dejagnu/src/dejagnu/configure.in
-
-Dejagnu is more complicated. The version number is a parameter to
-@code{AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE}. Tweak it to read something like gdb-5.1.91.
-
-Don't forget to re-generate @file{configure}.
-
-Don't forget to include a @file{ChangeLog} entry.
-
-@smallexample
-$ emacs dejagnu/src/dejagnu/configure.in
-...
-c-x 4 a
-...
-c-x c-s c-x c-c
-$ ( cd dejagnu/src/dejagnu && autoconf )
-@end smallexample
-
@end table
@subsubheading Do the dirty work
do
( cd $m/src && gmake -f src-release $m.tar )
done
-$ ( m=dejagnu; cd $m/src && gmake -f src-release $m.tar.bz2 )
@end smallexample
If the top level source directory does not have @file{src-release}
do
( cd $m/src && gmake -f Makefile.in $m.tar )
done
-$ ( m=dejagnu; cd $m/src && gmake -f Makefile.in $m.tar.bz2 )
@end smallexample
@subsubheading Check the source files
$ cp */src/*.tar .
$ cp */src/*.bz2 .
$ ls -F
-dejagnu/ dejagnu-gdb-5.2.tar.bz2 gdb/ gdb-5.2.tar insight/ insight-5.2.tar
+gdb/ gdb-5.2.tar insight/ insight-5.2.tar
$ for m in gdb insight
do
bzip2 -v -9 -c $m-$v.tar > $m-$v.tar.bz2
This file, which is posted as the official announcement, includes:
@itemize @bullet
@item
-General announcement
+General announcement.
@item
News. If making an @var{M}.@var{N}.1 release, retain the news from
earlier @var{M}.@var{N} release.
@item
-Errata
+Errata.
@end itemize
@item htdocs/index.html
These files include:
@itemize @bullet
@item
-announcement of the most recent release
+Announcement of the most recent release.
@item
-news entry (remember to update both the top level and the news directory).
+News entry (remember to update both the top level and the news directory).
@end itemize
These pages also need to be regenerate using @code{index.sh}.
@end smallexample
Insight is used since that contains more of the release than
-@value{GDBN} (@code{dejagnu} doesn't get tagged but I think we can live
-with that).
+@value{GDBN}.
@subsubheading Mention the release on the trunk
the available commands, and it has proven all too common for a change
to cause a significant regression that went unnoticed for some time.
-The @value{GDBN} testsuite uses the DejaGNU testing framework.
-DejaGNU is built using @code{Tcl} and @code{expect}. The tests
-themselves are calls to various @code{Tcl} procs; the framework runs all the
-procs and summarizes the passes and fails.
+The @value{GDBN} testsuite uses the DejaGNU testing framework. The
+tests themselves are calls to various @code{Tcl} procs; the framework
+runs all the procs and summarizes the passes and fails.
@section Using the Testsuite
# of untested testcases 5
@end smallexample
+To run a specific test script, type:
+@example
+make check RUNTESTFLAGS='@var{tests}'
+@end example
+where @var{tests} is a list of test script file names, separated by
+spaces.
+
The ideal test run consists of expected passes only; however, reality
conspires to keep us from this ideal. Unexpected failures indicate
real problems, whether in @value{GDBN} or in the testsuite. Expected
in particular versions of compilers, and it's OK not to try to write
tests for all of those.
+DejaGNU supports separate build, host, and target machines. However,
+some @value{GDBN} test scripts do not work if the build machine and
+the host machine are not the same. In such an environment, these scripts
+will give a result of ``UNRESOLVED'', like this:
+
+@smallexample
+UNRESOLVED: gdb.base/example.exp: This test script does not work on a remote host.
+@end smallexample
+
@section Testsuite Organization
@cindex test suite organization
projects / binutils.git / blobdiff