1 /* Floating point routines for GDB, the GNU debugger.
2 Copyright 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996,
3 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
6 This file is part of GDB.
8 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 (at your option) any later version.
13 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 GNU General Public License for more details.
18 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
21 Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */
23 /* Support for converting target fp numbers into host DOUBLEST format. */
25 /* XXX - This code should really be in libiberty/floatformat.c,
26 however configuration issues with libiberty made this very
27 difficult to do in the available time. */
31 #include "floatformat.h"
32 #include "gdb_assert.h"
33 #include "gdb_string.h"
35 #include <math.h> /* ldexp */
37 /* The odds that CHAR_BIT will be anything but 8 are low enough that I'm not
38 going to bother with trying to muck around with whether it is defined in
39 a system header, what we do if not, etc. */
40 #define FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT 8
42 static unsigned long get_field (unsigned char *,
43 enum floatformat_byteorders,
44 unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned int);
46 /* Extract a field which starts at START and is LEN bytes long. DATA and
47 TOTAL_LEN are the thing we are extracting it from, in byteorder ORDER. */
49 get_field (unsigned char *data, enum floatformat_byteorders order,
50 unsigned int total_len, unsigned int start, unsigned int len)
53 unsigned int cur_byte;
56 /* Start at the least significant part of the field. */
57 if (order == floatformat_little || order == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
59 /* We start counting from the other end (i.e, from the high bytes
60 rather than the low bytes). As such, we need to be concerned
61 with what happens if bit 0 doesn't start on a byte boundary.
62 I.e, we need to properly handle the case where total_len is
63 not evenly divisible by 8. So we compute ``excess'' which
64 represents the number of bits from the end of our starting
65 byte needed to get to bit 0. */
66 int excess = FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT - (total_len % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT);
67 cur_byte = (total_len / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
68 - ((start + len + excess) / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT);
69 cur_bitshift = ((start + len + excess) % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
70 - FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
74 cur_byte = (start + len) / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
76 ((start + len) % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT) - FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
78 if (cur_bitshift > -FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
79 result = *(data + cur_byte) >> (-cur_bitshift);
82 cur_bitshift += FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
83 if (order == floatformat_little || order == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
88 /* Move towards the most significant part of the field. */
89 while (cur_bitshift < len)
91 result |= (unsigned long)*(data + cur_byte) << cur_bitshift;
92 cur_bitshift += FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
93 if (order == floatformat_little || order == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
98 if (len < sizeof(result) * FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
99 /* Mask out bits which are not part of the field */
100 result &= ((1UL << len) - 1);
104 /* Convert from FMT to a DOUBLEST.
105 FROM is the address of the extended float.
106 Store the DOUBLEST in *TO. */
109 convert_floatformat_to_doublest (const struct floatformat *fmt,
113 unsigned char *ufrom = (unsigned char *) from;
117 unsigned int mant_bits, mant_off;
119 int special_exponent; /* It's a NaN, denorm or zero */
121 /* If the mantissa bits are not contiguous from one end of the
122 mantissa to the other, we need to make a private copy of the
123 source bytes that is in the right order since the unpacking
124 algorithm assumes that the bits are contiguous.
126 Swap the bytes individually rather than accessing them through
127 "long *" since we have no guarantee that they start on a long
128 alignment, and also sizeof(long) for the host could be different
129 than sizeof(long) for the target. FIXME: Assumes sizeof(long)
130 for the target is 4. */
132 if (fmt->byteorder == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
134 static unsigned char *newfrom;
135 unsigned char *swapin, *swapout;
138 longswaps = fmt->totalsize / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
143 newfrom = (unsigned char *) xmalloc (fmt->totalsize);
148 while (longswaps-- > 0)
150 /* This is ugly, but efficient */
151 *swapout++ = swapin[4];
152 *swapout++ = swapin[5];
153 *swapout++ = swapin[6];
154 *swapout++ = swapin[7];
155 *swapout++ = swapin[0];
156 *swapout++ = swapin[1];
157 *swapout++ = swapin[2];
158 *swapout++ = swapin[3];
163 exponent = get_field (ufrom, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
164 fmt->exp_start, fmt->exp_len);
165 /* Note that if exponent indicates a NaN, we can't really do anything useful
166 (not knowing if the host has NaN's, or how to build one). So it will
167 end up as an infinity or something close; that is OK. */
169 mant_bits_left = fmt->man_len;
170 mant_off = fmt->man_start;
173 special_exponent = exponent == 0 || exponent == fmt->exp_nan;
175 /* Don't bias NaNs. Use minimum exponent for denorms. For simplicity,
176 we don't check for zero as the exponent doesn't matter. */
177 if (!special_exponent)
178 exponent -= fmt->exp_bias;
179 else if (exponent == 0)
180 exponent = 1 - fmt->exp_bias;
182 /* Build the result algebraically. Might go infinite, underflow, etc;
185 /* If this format uses a hidden bit, explicitly add it in now. Otherwise,
186 increment the exponent by one to account for the integer bit. */
188 if (!special_exponent)
190 if (fmt->intbit == floatformat_intbit_no)
191 dto = ldexp (1.0, exponent);
196 while (mant_bits_left > 0)
198 mant_bits = min (mant_bits_left, 32);
200 mant = get_field (ufrom, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
201 mant_off, mant_bits);
203 dto += ldexp ((double) mant, exponent - mant_bits);
204 exponent -= mant_bits;
205 mant_off += mant_bits;
206 mant_bits_left -= mant_bits;
209 /* Negate it if negative. */
210 if (get_field (ufrom, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->sign_start, 1))
215 static void put_field (unsigned char *, enum floatformat_byteorders,
217 unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned long);
219 /* Set a field which starts at START and is LEN bytes long. DATA and
220 TOTAL_LEN are the thing we are extracting it from, in byteorder ORDER. */
222 put_field (unsigned char *data, enum floatformat_byteorders order,
223 unsigned int total_len, unsigned int start, unsigned int len,
224 unsigned long stuff_to_put)
226 unsigned int cur_byte;
229 /* Start at the least significant part of the field. */
230 if (order == floatformat_little || order == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
232 int excess = FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT - (total_len % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT);
233 cur_byte = (total_len / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
234 - ((start + len + excess) / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT);
235 cur_bitshift = ((start + len + excess) % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
236 - FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
240 cur_byte = (start + len) / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
242 ((start + len) % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT) - FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
244 if (cur_bitshift > -FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
246 *(data + cur_byte) &=
247 ~(((1 << ((start + len) % FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)) - 1)
249 *(data + cur_byte) |=
250 (stuff_to_put & ((1 << FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT) - 1)) << (-cur_bitshift);
252 cur_bitshift += FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
253 if (order == floatformat_little || order == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
258 /* Move towards the most significant part of the field. */
259 while (cur_bitshift < len)
261 if (len - cur_bitshift < FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT)
263 /* This is the last byte. */
264 *(data + cur_byte) &=
265 ~((1 << (len - cur_bitshift)) - 1);
266 *(data + cur_byte) |= (stuff_to_put >> cur_bitshift);
269 *(data + cur_byte) = ((stuff_to_put >> cur_bitshift)
270 & ((1 << FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT) - 1));
271 cur_bitshift += FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT;
272 if (order == floatformat_little || order == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
279 #ifdef HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE
280 /* Return the fractional part of VALUE, and put the exponent of VALUE in *EPTR.
281 The range of the returned value is >= 0.5 and < 1.0. This is equivalent to
282 frexp, but operates on the long double data type. */
284 static long double ldfrexp (long double value, int *eptr);
287 ldfrexp (long double value, int *eptr)
292 /* Unfortunately, there are no portable functions for extracting the exponent
293 of a long double, so we have to do it iteratively by multiplying or dividing
294 by two until the fraction is between 0.5 and 1.0. */
302 if (value >= tmp) /* Value >= 1.0 */
308 else if (value != 0.0l) /* Value < 1.0 and > 0.0 */
322 #endif /* HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE */
325 /* The converse: convert the DOUBLEST *FROM to an extended float
326 and store where TO points. Neither FROM nor TO have any alignment
330 convert_doublest_to_floatformat (CONST struct floatformat *fmt,
331 const DOUBLEST *from,
337 unsigned int mant_bits, mant_off;
339 unsigned char *uto = (unsigned char *) to;
341 memcpy (&dfrom, from, sizeof (dfrom));
342 memset (uto, 0, (fmt->totalsize + FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT - 1)
343 / FLOATFORMAT_CHAR_BIT);
345 return; /* Result is zero */
346 if (dfrom != dfrom) /* Result is NaN */
349 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->exp_start,
350 fmt->exp_len, fmt->exp_nan);
351 /* Be sure it's not infinity, but NaN value is irrel */
352 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->man_start,
357 /* If negative, set the sign bit. */
360 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->sign_start, 1, 1);
364 if (dfrom + dfrom == dfrom && dfrom != 0.0) /* Result is Infinity */
366 /* Infinity exponent is same as NaN's. */
367 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->exp_start,
368 fmt->exp_len, fmt->exp_nan);
369 /* Infinity mantissa is all zeroes. */
370 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->man_start,
375 #ifdef HAVE_LONG_DOUBLE
376 mant = ldfrexp (dfrom, &exponent);
378 mant = frexp (dfrom, &exponent);
381 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->exp_start, fmt->exp_len,
382 exponent + fmt->exp_bias - 1);
384 mant_bits_left = fmt->man_len;
385 mant_off = fmt->man_start;
386 while (mant_bits_left > 0)
388 unsigned long mant_long;
389 mant_bits = mant_bits_left < 32 ? mant_bits_left : 32;
391 mant *= 4294967296.0;
392 mant_long = ((unsigned long) mant) & 0xffffffffL;
395 /* If the integer bit is implicit, then we need to discard it.
396 If we are discarding a zero, we should be (but are not) creating
397 a denormalized number which means adjusting the exponent
399 if (mant_bits_left == fmt->man_len
400 && fmt->intbit == floatformat_intbit_no)
403 mant_long &= 0xffffffffL;
409 /* The bits we want are in the most significant MANT_BITS bits of
410 mant_long. Move them to the least significant. */
411 mant_long >>= 32 - mant_bits;
414 put_field (uto, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
415 mant_off, mant_bits, mant_long);
416 mant_off += mant_bits;
417 mant_bits_left -= mant_bits;
419 if (fmt->byteorder == floatformat_littlebyte_bigword)
422 unsigned char *swaplow = uto;
423 unsigned char *swaphigh = uto + 4;
426 for (count = 0; count < 4; count++)
429 *swaplow++ = *swaphigh;
435 /* Check if VAL (which is assumed to be a floating point number whose
436 format is described by FMT) is negative. */
439 floatformat_is_negative (const struct floatformat *fmt, char *val)
441 unsigned char *uval = (unsigned char *) val;
442 gdb_assert (fmt != NULL);
443 return get_field (uval, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize, fmt->sign_start, 1);
446 /* Check if VAL is "not a number" (NaN) for FMT. */
449 floatformat_is_nan (const struct floatformat *fmt, char *val)
451 unsigned char *uval = (unsigned char *) val;
454 unsigned int mant_bits, mant_off;
457 gdb_assert (fmt != NULL);
462 exponent = get_field (uval, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
463 fmt->exp_start, fmt->exp_len);
465 if (exponent != fmt->exp_nan)
468 mant_bits_left = fmt->man_len;
469 mant_off = fmt->man_start;
471 while (mant_bits_left > 0)
473 mant_bits = min (mant_bits_left, 32);
475 mant = get_field (uval, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
476 mant_off, mant_bits);
478 /* If there is an explicit integer bit, mask it off. */
479 if (mant_off == fmt->man_start
480 && fmt->intbit == floatformat_intbit_yes)
481 mant &= ~(1 << (mant_bits - 1));
486 mant_off += mant_bits;
487 mant_bits_left -= mant_bits;
493 /* Convert the mantissa of VAL (which is assumed to be a floating
494 point number whose format is described by FMT) into a hexadecimal
495 and store it in a static string. Return a pointer to that string. */
498 floatformat_mantissa (const struct floatformat *fmt, char *val)
500 unsigned char *uval = (unsigned char *) val;
502 unsigned int mant_bits, mant_off;
507 /* Make sure we have enough room to store the mantissa. */
508 gdb_assert (fmt != NULL);
509 gdb_assert (sizeof res > ((fmt->man_len + 7) / 8) * 2);
511 mant_off = fmt->man_start;
512 mant_bits_left = fmt->man_len;
513 mant_bits = (mant_bits_left % 32) > 0 ? mant_bits_left % 32 : 32;
515 mant = get_field (uval, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
516 mant_off, mant_bits);
518 sprintf (res, "%lx", mant);
520 mant_off += mant_bits;
521 mant_bits_left -= mant_bits;
523 while (mant_bits_left > 0)
525 mant = get_field (uval, fmt->byteorder, fmt->totalsize,
528 sprintf (buf, "%08lx", mant);
532 mant_bits_left -= 32;
539 /* Convert TO/FROM target to the hosts DOUBLEST floating-point format.
541 If the host and target formats agree, we just copy the raw data
542 into the appropriate type of variable and return, letting the host
543 increase precision as necessary. Otherwise, we call the conversion
544 routine and let it do the dirty work. */
546 #ifndef HOST_FLOAT_FORMAT
547 #define HOST_FLOAT_FORMAT 0
549 #ifndef HOST_DOUBLE_FORMAT
550 #define HOST_DOUBLE_FORMAT 0
552 #ifndef HOST_LONG_DOUBLE_FORMAT
553 #define HOST_LONG_DOUBLE_FORMAT 0
556 static const struct floatformat *host_float_format = HOST_FLOAT_FORMAT;
557 static const struct floatformat *host_double_format = HOST_DOUBLE_FORMAT;
558 static const struct floatformat *host_long_double_format = HOST_LONG_DOUBLE_FORMAT;
561 floatformat_to_doublest (const struct floatformat *fmt,
562 const void *in, DOUBLEST *out)
564 gdb_assert (fmt != NULL);
565 if (fmt == host_float_format)
568 memcpy (&val, in, sizeof (val));
571 else if (fmt == host_double_format)
574 memcpy (&val, in, sizeof (val));
577 else if (fmt == host_long_double_format)
580 memcpy (&val, in, sizeof (val));
584 convert_floatformat_to_doublest (fmt, in, out);
588 floatformat_from_doublest (const struct floatformat *fmt,
589 const DOUBLEST *in, void *out)
591 gdb_assert (fmt != NULL);
592 if (fmt == host_float_format)
595 memcpy (out, &val, sizeof (val));
597 else if (fmt == host_double_format)
600 memcpy (out, &val, sizeof (val));
602 else if (fmt == host_long_double_format)
604 long double val = *in;
605 memcpy (out, &val, sizeof (val));
608 convert_doublest_to_floatformat (fmt, in, out);
612 /* Return a floating-point format for a floating-point variable of
613 length LEN. Return NULL, if no suitable floating-point format
616 We need this functionality since information about the
617 floating-point format of a type is not always available to GDB; the
618 debug information typically only tells us the size of a
621 FIXME: kettenis/2001-10-28: In many places, particularly in
622 target-dependent code, the format of floating-point types is known,
623 but not passed on by GDB. This should be fixed. */
625 const struct floatformat *
626 floatformat_from_length (int len)
628 if (len * TARGET_CHAR_BIT == TARGET_FLOAT_BIT)
629 return TARGET_FLOAT_FORMAT;
630 else if (len * TARGET_CHAR_BIT == TARGET_DOUBLE_BIT)
631 return TARGET_DOUBLE_FORMAT;
632 else if (len * TARGET_CHAR_BIT == TARGET_LONG_DOUBLE_BIT)
633 return TARGET_LONG_DOUBLE_FORMAT;
638 const struct floatformat *
639 floatformat_from_type (const struct type *type)
641 gdb_assert (TYPE_CODE (type) == TYPE_CODE_FLT);
642 if (TYPE_FLOATFORMAT (type) != NULL)
643 return TYPE_FLOATFORMAT (type);
645 return floatformat_from_length (TYPE_LENGTH (type));
648 /* If the host doesn't define NAN, use zero instead. */
653 /* Extract a floating-point number of length LEN from a target-order
654 byte-stream at ADDR. Returns the value as type DOUBLEST. */
657 extract_floating (const void *addr, int len)
659 const struct floatformat *fmt = floatformat_from_length (len);
664 warning ("Can't store a floating-point number of %d bytes.", len);
668 floatformat_to_doublest (fmt, addr, &val);
672 /* Store VAL as a floating-point number of length LEN to a
673 target-order byte-stream at ADDR. */
676 store_floating (void *addr, int len, DOUBLEST val)
678 const struct floatformat *fmt = floatformat_from_length (len);
682 warning ("Can't store a floating-point number of %d bytes.", len);
683 memset (addr, 0, len);
686 floatformat_from_doublest (fmt, &val, addr);
689 /* Extract a floating-point number of type TYPE from a target-order
690 byte-stream at ADDR. Returns the value as type DOUBLEST. */
693 extract_typed_floating (const void *addr, const struct type *type)
697 gdb_assert (TYPE_CODE (type) == TYPE_CODE_FLT);
699 if (TYPE_FLOATFORMAT (type) == NULL)
700 return extract_floating (addr, TYPE_LENGTH (type));
702 floatformat_to_doublest (TYPE_FLOATFORMAT (type), addr, &retval);
706 /* Store VAL as a floating-point number of type TYPE to a target-order
707 byte-stream at ADDR. */
710 store_typed_floating (void *addr, const struct type *type, DOUBLEST val)
712 gdb_assert (TYPE_CODE (type) == TYPE_CODE_FLT);
714 /* FIXME: kettenis/2001-10-28: It is debatable whether we should
715 zero out any remaining bytes in the target buffer when TYPE is
716 longer than the actual underlying floating-point format. Perhaps
717 we should store a fixed bitpattern in those remaining bytes,
718 instead of zero, or perhaps we shouldn't touch those remaining
721 NOTE: cagney/2001-10-28: With the way things currently work, it
722 isn't a good idea to leave the end bits undefined. This is
723 because GDB writes out the entire sizeof(<floating>) bits of the
724 floating-point type even though the value might only be stored
725 in, and the target processor may only refer to, the first N <
726 TYPE_LENGTH (type) bits. If the end of the buffer wasn't
727 initialized, GDB would write undefined data to the target. An
728 errant program, refering to that undefined data, would then
729 become non-deterministic.
731 See also the function convert_typed_floating below. */
732 memset (addr, 0, TYPE_LENGTH (type));
734 if (TYPE_FLOATFORMAT (type) == NULL)
735 store_floating (addr, TYPE_LENGTH (type), val);
737 floatformat_from_doublest (TYPE_FLOATFORMAT (type), &val, addr);
740 /* Convert a floating-point number of type FROM_TYPE from a
741 target-order byte-stream at FROM to a floating-point number of type
742 TO_TYPE, and store it to a target-order byte-stream at TO. */
745 convert_typed_floating (const void *from, const struct type *from_type,
746 void *to, const struct type *to_type)
748 const struct floatformat *from_fmt = floatformat_from_type (from_type);
749 const struct floatformat *to_fmt = floatformat_from_type (to_type);
751 gdb_assert (TYPE_CODE (from_type) == TYPE_CODE_FLT);
752 gdb_assert (TYPE_CODE (to_type) == TYPE_CODE_FLT);
754 if (from_fmt == NULL || to_fmt == NULL)
756 /* If we don't know the floating-point format of FROM_TYPE or
757 TO_TYPE, there's not much we can do. We might make the
758 assumption that if the length of FROM_TYPE and TO_TYPE match,
759 their floating-point format would match too, but that
760 assumption might be wrong on targets that support
761 floating-point types that only differ in endianness for
762 example. So we warn instead, and zero out the target buffer. */
763 warning ("Can't convert floating-point number to desired type.");
764 memset (to, 0, TYPE_LENGTH (to_type));
766 else if (from_fmt == to_fmt)
768 /* We're in business. The floating-point format of FROM_TYPE
769 and TO_TYPE match. However, even though the floating-point
770 format matches, the length of the type might still be
771 different. Make sure we don't overrun any buffers. See
772 comment in store_typed_floating for a discussion about
773 zeroing out remaining bytes in the target buffer. */
774 memset (to, 0, TYPE_LENGTH (to_type));
775 memcpy (to, from, min (TYPE_LENGTH (from_type), TYPE_LENGTH (to_type)));
779 /* The floating-point types don't match. The best we can do
780 (aport from simulating the target FPU) is converting to the
781 widest floating-point type supported by the host, and then
782 again to the desired type. */
785 floatformat_to_doublest (from_fmt, from, &d);
786 floatformat_from_doublest (to_fmt, &d, to);