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1 | |
2 | PSIM - model the PowerPC environment | |
3 | ||
4 | Copyright (C) 1994-1996, Andrew Cagney <[email protected]>. | |
5 | ||
6 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
7 | ||
8 | Running PSIM | |
9 | ||
10 | This file describes how to run the program PSIM. | |
11 | ||
12 | o Walk through a number of examples from the | |
13 | pre-built tar archive psim-test. | |
14 | ||
15 | o Looks at the device tree used by PSIM. | |
16 | ||
17 | o Notes on building a programmer environment to | |
18 | use with PSIM (BSD/UEA and BUG/OEA) | |
19 | ||
20 | ||
21 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
22 | ||
23 | ||
24 | RUNNING PSIM: | |
25 | ||
26 | ||
27 | The compressed tar archive psim-test available from: | |
28 | ||
29 | ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/psim/psim-test-1.0.tar.gz | |
30 | or ftp://cambridge.cygnus.com/pub/psim/psim-test-1.0.tar.gz | |
31 | ||
32 | contains a number of pre-built programs for running under PSIM. Each | |
33 | pre-built binary is built both big and little endian. The suffixes | |
34 | .be/.le (executables) .bo/.lo (object files) and .ba/.la (libraries) | |
35 | are used. | |
36 | ||
37 | ||
38 | To run one of these programs, use: | |
39 | ||
40 | powerpc-unknown-eabi-run <image> | |
41 | ||
42 | vis | |
43 | ||
44 | powerpc-unknown-eabi-run psim-test/uea/envp | |
45 | ||
46 | (The program envp prints out your shells environment - very useful | |
47 | :-). More generally psim is run as (this is part of the output from | |
48 | the -h option): | |
49 | ||
50 | psim [ <psim-option> ... ] <image> [ <image-arg> ... ] | |
51 | ||
52 | Where | |
53 | ||
54 | <image> Name of the PowerPC program to run. | |
55 | This can either be a PowerPC binary or | |
56 | a text file containing a device tree | |
57 | specification. | |
58 | PSIM will attempt to determine from the | |
59 | specified <image> the intended emulation | |
60 | environment. | |
61 | If PSIM gets it wrong, the emulation | |
62 | environment can be specified using the | |
63 | `-e' option (described below). | |
64 | ||
65 | <image-arg> Argument to be passed to <image> | |
66 | These arguments will be passed to | |
67 | <image> (as standard C argv, argc) | |
68 | when <image> is started. | |
69 | ||
70 | <psim-option> See below | |
71 | ||
72 | The following are valid <psim-option>s: | |
73 | ||
74 | -m <model> Specify the processor to model (604) | |
75 | Selects the processor to use when | |
76 | modeling execution units. Includes: | |
77 | 604, 603 and 603e | |
78 | ||
79 | -e <os-emul> specify an OS or platform to model | |
80 | Can be any of the following: | |
81 | bug - OEA + MOTO BUG ROM calls | |
82 | netbsd - UEA + NetBSD system calls | |
83 | chirp - OEA + a few OpenBoot calls | |
84 | ||
85 | -i Print instruction counting statistics | |
86 | ||
87 | -I Print execution unit statistics | |
88 | ||
89 | -r <size> Set RAM size in bytes (OEA environments) | |
90 | ||
91 | -t [!]<trace> Enable (disable) <trace> option | |
92 | ||
93 | -o <spec> add device <spec> to the device tree | |
94 | ||
95 | -h -? -H give more detailed usage | |
96 | ||
97 | ||
98 | The `-H' option gives a long usage output. This includes a complete | |
99 | list of all the pre-configured devices. | |
100 | ||
101 | ||
102 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
103 | ||
104 | ||
105 | RUNNING GDB: | |
106 | ||
107 | ||
108 | If you built PSIM with gdb then the following is a quick start | |
109 | tutorial. | |
110 | ||
111 | At present GDB, if configured big-endian (say) unlike PSIM, does not | |
112 | support the debugging of little endian binaries. If you find that | |
113 | your program won't run at all, make certain that GDB and your | |
114 | program's endianness match. | |
115 | ||
116 | ||
117 | The most important thing is that before you can run the simulator you | |
118 | must enable it. For the simulator, gdb is started like any program: | |
119 | ||
120 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-gdb psim-test/uea/envp.be | |
121 | ||
122 | Next the simulator is enabled. The command `target sim' accepts the | |
123 | same options as can be specified on the PSIM command line. | |
124 | ||
125 | (gdb) target sim | |
126 | ||
127 | To trace the communication between psim and gdb specify `target sim -t | |
128 | gdb'. Once enabled, the binary needs to be loaded, any breakpoints of | |
129 | interest set, and the program run: | |
130 | ||
131 | (gdb) load | |
132 | (gdb) break main | |
133 | (gdb) run | |
134 | . | |
135 | . | |
136 | . | |
137 | ||
138 | In addition, if you are wanting to run a program described by a device | |
139 | tree you can `attach' to the simulation using (I assume that you have | |
140 | applied the attach patch): | |
141 | ||
142 | $ cd psim-test/tree | |
143 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-gdb | |
144 | (gdb) target sim | |
145 | (gdb) attach device-tree | |
146 | (gdb) run | |
147 | ||
148 | Here GDB takes the programs initial state from the attached | |
149 | device-tree instead of forcing initialisation. | |
150 | ||
151 | ||
152 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
153 | ||
154 | ||
155 | PROFILING: | |
156 | ||
157 | ||
158 | PSIM includes a number of performance monitoring (profiling) | |
159 | facilities: | |
160 | ||
161 | o instruction frequency counting | |
162 | ||
163 | o execution unit modeling (records | |
164 | effective usage of units). | |
165 | ||
166 | o instruction cache performance | |
167 | ||
168 | As discussed in the file INSTALL, each can be configured to individual | |
169 | requirements. | |
170 | ||
171 | ||
172 | -i Enable instruction counting. | |
173 | ||
174 | The frequency of all instructions is tabulated. In | |
175 | addition (f configured) the hit/miss rate of the | |
176 | instruction cache is output. | |
177 | ||
178 | ||
179 | -I Enable execution unit analysis. | |
180 | ||
181 | In addition to counting basic instructions also model | |
182 | the performance of the processors execution units | |
183 | ||
184 | ||
185 | -m <processor> | |
186 | ||
187 | Select the processor to be modelled. | |
188 | ||
189 | For execution unit analysis specify the processor that | |
190 | is to be analysed. By default the 604 is modelled | |
191 | however, support for other processors such as the | |
192 | 603 and 603e is included. | |
193 | ||
194 | The output from a performance run (on a P90) for the program | |
195 | psim-test/profile/bench is below. In this run psim was fairly | |
196 | agressively configured (see the file INSTALL for compile time | |
197 | configuration). | |
198 | ||
199 | CPU #1 executed 41,994 AND instructions. | |
200 | CPU #1 executed 519,785 AND Immediate instructions. | |
201 | CPU #1 executed 680,058 Add instructions. | |
202 | CPU #1 executed 41,994 Add Extended instructions. | |
203 | CPU #1 executed 921,916 Add Immediate instructions. | |
204 | CPU #1 executed 221,199 Add Immediate Carrying instructions. | |
205 | CPU #1 executed 943,823 Add Immediate Shifted instructions. | |
206 | CPU #1 executed 471,909 Add to Zero Extended instructions. | |
207 | CPU #1 executed 571,915 Branch instructions. | |
208 | CPU #1 executed 1,992,403 Branch Conditional instructions. | |
209 | CPU #1 executed 571,910 Branch Conditional to Link Register instructions. | |
210 | CPU #1 executed 320,431 Compare instructions. | |
211 | CPU #1 executed 471,911 Compare Immediate instructions. | |
212 | CPU #1 executed 145,867 Compare Logical instructions. | |
213 | CPU #1 executed 442,414 Compare Logical Immediate instructions. | |
214 | CPU #1 executed 1 Condition Register XOR instruction. | |
215 | CPU #1 executed 103,873 Divide Word instructions. | |
216 | CPU #1 executed 104,275 Divide Word Unsigned instructions. | |
217 | CPU #1 executed 132,510 Extend Sign Byte instructions. | |
218 | CPU #1 executed 178,895 Extend Sign Half Word instructions. | |
219 | CPU #1 executed 871,920 Load Word and Zero instructions. | |
220 | CPU #1 executed 41,994 Move From Condition Register instructions. | |
221 | CPU #1 executed 100,005 Move from Special Purpose Register instructions. | |
222 | CPU #1 executed 100,002 Move to Special Purpose Register instructions. | |
223 | CPU #1 executed 804,619 Multiply Low Word instructions. | |
224 | CPU #1 executed 421,201 OR instructions. | |
225 | CPU #1 executed 471,910 OR Immediate instructions. | |
226 | CPU #1 executed 1,292,020 Rotate Left Word Immediate then AND with Mask instructions. | |
227 | CPU #1 executed 663,613 Shift Left Word instructions. | |
228 | CPU #1 executed 1,151,564 Shift Right Algebraic Word Immediate instructions. | |
229 | CPU #1 executed 871,922 Store Word instructions. | |
230 | CPU #1 executed 100,004 Store Word with Update instructions. | |
231 | CPU #1 executed 887,804 Subtract From instructions. | |
232 | CPU #1 executed 83,988 Subtract From Immediate Carrying instructions. | |
233 | CPU #1 executed 1 System Call instruction. | |
234 | CPU #1 executed 207,746 XOR instructions. | |
235 | ||
236 | CPU #1 executed 23,740,856 cycles. | |
237 | CPU #1 executed 10,242,780 stalls waiting for data. | |
238 | CPU #1 executed 1 stall waiting for a function unit. | |
239 | CPU #1 executed 1 stall waiting for serialization. | |
240 | CPU #1 executed 1,757,900 times a write-back slot was unavailable. | |
241 | CPU #1 executed 1,088,135 branches. | |
242 | CPU #1 executed 2,048,093 conditional branches fell through. | |
243 | CPU #1 executed 1,088,135 successful branch predictions. | |
244 | CPU #1 executed 904,268 unsuccessful branch predictions. | |
245 | CPU #1 executed 742,557 branch if the condition is FALSE conditional branches. | |
246 | CPU #1 executed 1,249,846 branch if the condition is TRUE conditional branches. | |
247 | CPU #1 executed 571,910 branch always conditional branches. | |
248 | CPU #1 executed 9,493,653 1st single cycle integer functional unit instructions. | |
249 | CPU #1 executed 1,220,900 2nd single cycle integer functional unit instructions. | |
250 | CPU #1 executed 1,254,768 multiple cycle integer functional unit instructions. | |
251 | CPU #1 executed 1,843,846 load/store functional unit instructions. | |
252 | CPU #1 executed 3,136,229 branch functional unit instructions. | |
253 | CPU #1 executed 16,949,396 instructions that were accounted for in timing info. | |
254 | CPU #1 executed 871,920 data reads. | |
255 | CPU #1 executed 971,926 data writes. | |
256 | CPU #1 executed 221 icache misses. | |
257 | CPU #1 executed 16,949,396 instructions in total. | |
258 | ||
259 | Simulator speed was 250,731 instructions/second | |
260 | ||
261 | ||
262 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
263 | ||
264 | ||
265 | PSIM CONFIGURATION - THE DEVICE TREE | |
266 | ||
267 | ||
268 | Internally PSIM's configuration is controlled by a tree data | |
269 | structure. This structure, created at run-time, intentionally | |
270 | resembles the device tree used by OpenBoot firmware to describe a | |
271 | machines hardware configuration. | |
272 | ||
273 | PSIM can either create its device tree using a builtin emulation or | |
274 | from one read in from a file. | |
275 | ||
276 | During startup, the device tree is created using the following steps: | |
277 | ||
278 | o Initial empty tree is created | |
279 | ||
280 | o Any tree entry options specified on the | |
281 | command line are merged in (the -o <entry> | |
282 | option is used). | |
283 | ||
284 | It should be pointed out that most of the | |
285 | command line options (eg -r, -e, -m, -t | |
286 | are all just short hand for corresponding | |
287 | -o options). | |
288 | ||
289 | o If the specified program is a device tree spec, that | |
290 | is loaded. | |
291 | ||
292 | If the specified program is a text file it is assumed | |
293 | that that file contains a further specification of the | |
294 | simulators device tree. That tree is loaded and | |
295 | merged with the current tree options. | |
296 | ||
297 | o The selected emulation fills out any remaining details. | |
298 | ||
299 | By this stage the emulation environment that the program | |
300 | needs will either be specified in the device tree | |
301 | (through the -e option) or determined from the | |
302 | characteristics of the binary. | |
303 | ||
304 | The selected emulation will then fill out any missing | |
305 | nodes in the device tree. | |
306 | ||
307 | Most importantly earlier additions to the tree are not overridden by | |
308 | later additions. Thus, command line options override information | |
309 | found in the program file and both override any emulation entries. | |
310 | ||
311 | The following is a summary of the most useful runtime configuration | |
312 | options: | |
313 | ||
314 | -e <os-emul> | |
315 | -o '/openprom/options/os-emul <os-emul>' | |
316 | ||
317 | Run program using the <emulation> run-time | |
318 | environment. | |
319 | ||
320 | -r <ram-size> | |
321 | -o '/openprom/options/oea-memory-size <ram-size>' | |
322 | ||
323 | Set the size of the first bank of memory | |
324 | (RAM from address 0 up). | |
325 | ||
326 | -t print-device-tree | |
327 | -o '/openprom/trace/print-device-tree 1' | |
328 | ||
329 | -t dump-device-tree | |
330 | -o '/openprom/trace/dump-device-tree 1' | |
331 | ||
332 | Print out the device tree once it has been fully | |
333 | populated. For dump-device-tree, exit simulator after | |
334 | dumping the tree. | |
335 | ||
336 | PSIM is able to reload the dumped device tree. | |
337 | ||
338 | The format of the dumped tree is under development. | |
339 | ||
340 | -o '/openprom/options/smp <N>' | |
341 | ||
342 | Enable <N> processors for the simulation run. | |
343 | See the directory psim-test/oea for an example. | |
344 | ||
345 | -o '/openprom/options/alignment <N>' | |
346 | ||
347 | Where <N> is 1 - nonstrict or 2 - strict. | |
348 | Specify if the missaligned access are allowed | |
349 | (non-strict) or result in an alignment exception | |
350 | (strict). | |
351 | ||
352 | Devices (if included in the file device_table.c) can also be specified | |
353 | in a similar way. For instance, to add a second serial port, a | |
354 | command like: | |
355 | ||
356 | -o '/iobus@0x400000/console@0x000010' | |
357 | ||
358 | would create a `console' device at offset 0x10 within the `iobus' at | |
359 | memory address 0x400000. | |
360 | ||
361 | For more detailed information on device specifiers see the notes on | |
362 | the function dump_device_tree in the file device.c (found in the | |
363 | source code). | |
364 | ||
365 | ||
366 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
367 | ||
368 | ||
369 | BUILDING A BUG/OEA DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT | |
370 | ||
371 | ||
372 | Background: | |
373 | ||
374 | ||
375 | Included in many PowerPC systems is Motorola's BUG monitor. This | |
376 | monitor includes, for client programs, a set of services that allow | |
377 | that program to interact with hardware devices such as the console using | |
378 | a simple system call interface. | |
379 | ||
380 | PSIM is able to emulate a number of the services (including the | |
381 | console IO calls). If additional services are needed they can easily | |
382 | be added. | |
383 | ||
384 | Cygnus support's newlib library includes includes an interface to the | |
385 | MOTO BUG services. The notes below discuss how I both built and run | |
386 | programs compiled using this library on PSIM. | |
387 | ||
388 | The only confusing part about building a development environment based | |
389 | around newlib/binutils/gcc is a chicken/egg problem with include | |
390 | files: | |
391 | ||
392 | For GCC to build, a fairly complete set of include | |
393 | files must be installed but newlib won't install its | |
394 | include files until it has been built with gcc ... | |
395 | ||
396 | I get around this by installing the problematic include files by hand. | |
397 | ||
398 | ||
399 | Preparation: | |
400 | ||
401 | ||
402 | The following files are needed: | |
403 | ||
404 | From your favorite FTP site, the sources to gas/ld and gcc - mine | |
405 | happens to be archie.au : | |
406 | ||
407 | ftp://archie.au/gnu/binutils-2.6.tar.gz | |
408 | ftp://archie.au/gnu/gcc-2.6.2.tar.gz | |
409 | ||
410 | From ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/newlib the source code to a library: | |
411 | ||
412 | ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/newlib/newlib-1.7.0.tar.gz | |
413 | ||
414 | From ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/psim some minor patches and updates to | |
415 | the above library: | |
416 | ||
417 | ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/psim/newlib-1.7.0+float+ppc-asm.tar.gz | |
418 | ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/psim/newlib-1.7.0+ppc-fix.diff.gz | |
419 | ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/psim/binutils-2.6+note.diff.gz | |
420 | ||
421 | In addition you'll need to decide where you will be installing the | |
422 | development environment. You will notice that in the below I install | |
423 | things well away /usr/local instead installing everything under its | |
424 | own directory in /applications. | |
425 | ||
426 | ||
427 | Method: | |
428 | ||
429 | ||
430 | These notes are based on an installation performed on a Sun-OS-4/SPARC | |
431 | host. For other hosts and other configurations, the below should be | |
432 | considered as a guideline only. | |
433 | ||
434 | ||
435 | o Sanity check | |
436 | ||
437 | $ cd .../scratch # your scratch directory | |
438 | $ ls -1 | |
439 | binutils-2.6.tar.gz | |
440 | binutils-2.6+note.diff.gz | |
441 | gcc-2.7.2,tar.gz | |
442 | newlib-1.7.0+float+ppc-asm.tar.gz | |
443 | newlib-1.7.0+ppc-fix.diff.gz | |
444 | newlib-1.7.0.tar.gz | |
445 | ||
446 | ||
447 | o Unpack/build/install binutils | |
448 | ||
449 | This is done first so that there is a gas/ld ready | |
450 | for the building of GCC and NEWLIB. | |
451 | ||
452 | $ cd .../scratch | |
453 | $ gunzip < binutils-2.6.tar.gz | tar xf - | |
454 | $ cd binutils-2.6 | |
455 | ||
456 | Optionally apply the note patch | |
457 | ||
458 | $ gunzip ../binutils-2.6+note.diff.gz | patch | |
459 | ||
460 | Then continue with the build | |
461 | ||
462 | $ ./configure --target=powerpc-unknown-eabi \ | |
463 | --prefix=/applications/psim | |
464 | $ make | |
465 | $ make install | |
466 | $ cd .. | |
467 | $ rm -rf binutils-2.6 | |
468 | ||
469 | This also creates much of the installation directory | |
470 | tree. | |
471 | ||
472 | ||
473 | o Unpack newlib, install the include files so that they | |
474 | are ready for GCC's build. | |
475 | ||
476 | $ cd .../scratch | |
477 | $ gunzip < newlib-1.7.0.tar.gz | tar xf - | |
478 | ||
479 | New lib-1.7.0 had a few minor bugs (fixed in current): | |
480 | the header files float.h and ppc-asm.h were missing; | |
481 | the configure and Makefile's for the rs6000 (ppc) directory | |
482 | contained typos: | |
483 | ||
484 | $ cd .../scratch | |
485 | $ cd newlib-1.7.0 | |
486 | $ gunzip < ../newlib-1.7.0+float+ppc-asm.tar.gz | tar xvf - | |
487 | $ gunzip < ../newlib-1.7.0+ppc-fix.diff.gz | patch -p1 | |
488 | ||
489 | Finally copy the include files to where GCC will see them: | |
490 | ||
491 | $ cd .../scratch | |
492 | $ cd newlib-1.7.0/newlib/libc | |
493 | $ tar cf - include | \ | |
494 | ( cd /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi && tar xf - ) | |
495 | ||
496 | ||
497 | o Unpack/build gcc | |
498 | ||
499 | $ cd .../scratch | |
500 | $ gunzip < gcc-2.7.2,tar.gz | tar xf - | |
501 | $ cd gcc-2.7.2 | |
502 | $ ./configure --target=powerpc-unknown-eabi \ | |
503 | --prefix=/applications/psim | |
504 | $ make | |
505 | $ make install | |
506 | $ cd .. | |
507 | $ rm -rf gcc-2.7.2 | |
508 | ||
509 | Gcc likes to install its own dummy version of float that | |
510 | just returns an error. | |
511 | ||
512 | $ more /applications/psim/lib/gcc-lib/powerpc-unknown-eabi/2.7.2/include/float.h | |
513 | $ rm /applications/psim/lib/gcc-lib/powerpc-unknown-eabi/2.7.2/include/float.h | |
514 | ||
515 | ||
516 | o Finish building/installing newlib | |
517 | ||
518 | $ cd .../scratch | |
519 | $ cd newlib-1.7.0 | |
520 | $ ./configure --target=powerpc-unknown-eabi \ | |
521 | --prefix=/applications/psim | |
522 | ||
523 | Your path will need to include the recently installed | |
524 | gas/gcc when building. Either add it to your path or | |
525 | use: | |
526 | ||
527 | $ PATH=/applications/psim/bin:$PATH make | |
528 | $ PATH=/applications/psim/bin:$PATH make install | |
529 | ||
530 | ||
531 | o Finally, test out the build | |
532 | ||
533 | $ cat hello.c | |
534 | main() | |
535 | { | |
536 | printf("hello world\n"); | |
537 | } | |
538 | ||
539 | The binary is linked with an entry point less than 0x100000 | |
540 | (1mb) so that psim will recognize the binary as needing | |
541 | the BUG/OEA instead of the BSD/UEA runtime environment. | |
542 | ||
543 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-gcc -v -o hello \ | |
544 | -Wl,-Ttext,0x4000,-Tdata,0x10000 \ | |
545 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/lib/mvme-crt0.o \ | |
546 | hello.c \ | |
547 | -lc -lmvme | |
548 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-objdump -h hello | |
549 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-run hello | |
550 | ||
551 | It is also possible to force psim to use a specific | |
552 | run-time environment using the -e option vis: | |
553 | ||
554 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-run -e bug hello | |
555 | ||
556 | ||
557 | ||
558 | ||
559 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | |
560 | ||
561 | ||
562 | BUILDING A BSD/UEA DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT | |
563 | ||
564 | ||
565 | Background: | |
566 | ||
567 | ||
568 | For a UEA to be useful it needs a supporting run-time environment. | |
569 | PSIM implements a runtime environment based on the NetBSD system call | |
570 | interface. | |
571 | ||
572 | More than any thing, this user level emulation was the first | |
573 | implemented because I happened to have the NetBSD source code lying | |
574 | lying around. | |
575 | ||
576 | ||
577 | Preparation: | |
578 | ||
579 | ||
580 | This requires the NetBSD-1.1 source tree online. It can either be | |
581 | obtained vi ftp: | |
582 | ||
583 | try http://www.netbsd.org or ftp://ftp.netbsd.org | |
584 | ||
585 | Alternatively obtain one of the NetBSD cdrom's. Patches to this source | |
586 | tree that fill out much of the PowerPC code are available in: | |
587 | ||
588 | ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/clayton | |
589 | ||
590 | Fetch everything in that directory - diffs, tar archives and scripts. | |
591 | In addition a patch to binutils is in: | |
592 | ||
593 | ftp://ftp.ci.com.au/pub/psim/binutils-2.6+note.diff.gz | |
594 | ||
595 | Finally you'll require a compiler and assembler/linker: | |
596 | ||
597 | gcc-2.7.2.tar.gz | |
598 | binutils-2.6.tar.gz | |
599 | ||
600 | ||
601 | ||
602 | ||
603 | Method: | |
604 | ||
605 | ||
606 | These notes are based on an installation performed on a Solaris2/x86 | |
607 | host. For other hosts and other configurations, the below should be | |
608 | considered as a guideline only. | |
609 | ||
610 | ||
611 | o Sanity check | |
612 | ||
613 | I assume that you have already obtained the NetBSD-1.1 source | |
614 | code and unpacked it into the directory bsd-src. While the | |
615 | full NetBSD source tree may not be needed, things are easier | |
616 | if it is all online. | |
617 | ||
618 | $ cd .../scratch | |
619 | $ ls -1 | |
620 | binutils-2.6.tar.gz | |
621 | binutils-2.6.tar.gz | |
622 | clayton-include-960203.diff.gz | |
623 | clayton-lib-960203.diff.gz | |
624 | clayton-lib-960203.tar.gz | |
625 | clayton-sys-960203.diff.gz | |
626 | clayton-sys-960203.tar.gz | |
627 | clayton-utils-960203.tar.gz | |
628 | clayton.chown.sh | |
629 | clayton.install.sh | |
630 | clayton.lorder.sh | |
631 | clayton.make.sh | |
632 | clayton.usr.bin.make.diff | |
633 | gcc-2.7.2.tar.gz | |
634 | gcc-2.7.2+sys-types.diff.gz | |
635 | ||
636 | ||
637 | o Unpack the bsd source code (if you haven't already) | |
638 | ||
639 | $ cd .../scratch | |
640 | $ mkdir bsd-src | |
641 | $ cd bsd-src | |
642 | $ for d in /cdrom/bsdisc_12_95_disc2/NetBSD-1.1/source/*11 | |
643 | do | |
644 | echo $d | |
645 | cat $d/*.?? | gunzip | tar xf - | |
646 | done | |
647 | ||
648 | Flatten the directory structure a little. | |
649 | ||
650 | $ mv usr/src/* . | |
651 | $ rmdir usr/src usr | |
652 | $ cd .. | |
653 | ||
654 | ||
655 | o Unpack/build/install binutils | |
656 | ||
657 | $ cd .../scratch | |
658 | $ gunzip < binutils-2.6.tar.gz | tar xf - | |
659 | $ cd binutils-2.6 | |
660 | ||
661 | Optionally apply the note patch | |
662 | ||
663 | $ gunzip ../binutils-2.6+note.diff.gz | patch | |
664 | ||
665 | Then continue with the build | |
666 | ||
667 | $ ./configure --target=powerpc-unknown-eabi \ | |
668 | --prefix=/applications/psim | |
669 | $ make | |
670 | $ make install | |
671 | $ cd .. | |
672 | $ rm -rf binutils-2.6 | |
673 | ||
674 | This has the intended side effect of partially populating | |
675 | the psim directory tree which makes follow on steps easier. | |
676 | ||
677 | ||
678 | o Fill out the install directory with a few additions (if | |
679 | install -d works, this can be simplified). | |
680 | ||
681 | $ mkdir \ | |
682 | /applications/psim/bsd-root \ | |
683 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr \ | |
684 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/share \ | |
685 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/share/doc \ | |
686 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/share/doc/psd \ | |
687 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/share/doc/psd/19.curses \ | |
688 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/include \ | |
689 | /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/lib \ | |
690 | ||
691 | ||
692 | o Make the bsd and gnu include directories point to the same | |
693 | location. | |
694 | ||
695 | GCC expects include files to be in one location while the | |
696 | bsd install expects them in a second. The link is in | |
697 | the direction below because bsd's install also insists on | |
698 | a directory (not a link) for its install destination. | |
699 | ||
700 | $ ln -s ../bsd-root/usr/include \ | |
701 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/include | |
702 | ||
703 | ||
704 | ||
705 | o Build/install Berkeley make | |
706 | ||
707 | In building Berkeley make from the NetBSD-1.1 source tree | |
708 | a number of problems may be encountered. | |
709 | ||
710 | These problems have been fixed in NetBSD-current (after | |
711 | 4/2/96 (ie start Feb)) you should probably obtain that | |
712 | version of make. Alternatively, you can try following the | |
713 | notes below that got make working on a Solaris-2.5/x86 | |
714 | host. | |
715 | ||
716 | $ cd .../scratch | |
717 | $ cd bsd-src/usr.bin/make | |
718 | $ pwd | |
719 | .../scratch/bsd-src/usr.bin/make | |
720 | ||
721 | Copy/stub some additional include files that your host may not | |
722 | have. | |
723 | ||
724 | $ cp ../../include/ranlib.h ranlib.h | |
725 | $ mkdir sys | |
726 | $ cp ../../sys/sys/cdefs.h sys/cdefs.h | |
727 | $ mkdir machine | |
728 | $ touch machine/cdefs.h | |
729 | ||
730 | Edit/fix some of the BSDisms. The patch file indicated | |
731 | contains fixes I found when compiling on my host, your | |
732 | host will probably differ. | |
733 | ||
734 | $ gunzip < ../../../clayton.usr.bin.make.diff.gz | patch | |
735 | ||
736 | Build it with some extra flags (again your flags will differ): | |
737 | ||
738 | $ make -f Makefile.boot CC='gcc -g -DPOSIX' | |
739 | ||
740 | With bmake built, install it into the target specific bin | |
741 | directory: | |
742 | ||
743 | $ cp bmake /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/bin/make | |
744 | $ cd ../../.. | |
745 | ||
746 | ||
747 | o Patch/install Berkeley make's include (mk) files. | |
748 | ||
749 | $ cd .../share | |
750 | $ cd bsd-src/share | |
751 | $ tar cf - mk | ( cd /applications/psim/bsd-root/usr/share \ | |
752 | && tar xf - ) | |
753 | $ cd ../.. | |
754 | ||
755 | ||
756 | o Set up a number of wrapper scripts for bmake so that it works. | |
757 | ||
758 | In addition to needing BSD make the build process assumes | |
759 | a number of BSD specific commands. To get around this | |
760 | several wrapper scripts are available. | |
761 | ||
762 | powerpc-unknown-eabi-make (clayton.make) | |
763 | ||
764 | Front end to Berkeley make setting it up for a | |
765 | cross compilation | |
766 | ||
767 | /applications/psim/bin/powerpc-unknown-eabi-make | |
768 | ||
769 | chown (clayton.chown) | |
770 | ||
771 | Wrapper that does not do any thing. | |
772 | Avoids the need to be root when installing. | |
773 | ||
774 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/bin | |
775 | ||
776 | install (clayton.install) | |
777 | ||
778 | Wrapper to strip away a number of bsd specific install | |
779 | arguments. | |
780 | ||
781 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/bin/install | |
782 | ||
783 | lorder (clayton.lorder) | |
784 | ||
785 | Tweaked lorder script that will use nm etc from | |
786 | binutils. | |
787 | ||
788 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/bin/lorder | |
789 | ||
790 | ||
791 | o Apply the remaining patches for the BSD source tree | |
792 | ||
793 | $ cd .../scratch | |
794 | $ cd bsd-src | |
795 | ||
796 | Diffs are applied using something like: | |
797 | ||
798 | $ gunzip < ../clayton-include-960203.diff.gz | more | |
799 | ... | |
800 | ||
801 | The patch to sys/dev/pci/ncr.c.rej might fail. | |
802 | ||
803 | The tar archives have a different problem, you need | |
804 | to remove the `src' prefix. I used | |
805 | ||
806 | $ ln -s . src | |
807 | $ gunzip < ../clayton-lib-960203.tar.gz | tar xtf - | |
808 | ... | |
809 | ||
810 | So that src/xxx unpacked into ./xxx | |
811 | ||
812 | ||
813 | $ cd .. | |
814 | ||
815 | ||
816 | ||
817 | o Install the include files | |
818 | ||
819 | $ cd .../scratch | |
820 | $ cd bsd-src/include | |
821 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-make install | |
822 | $ cd ../.. | |
823 | ||
824 | ||
825 | o Install a few other include files. | |
826 | ||
827 | As with building libnew, the bsd build process has | |
828 | several include file problems. | |
829 | ||
830 | $ cd .../scratch | |
831 | $ cd bsd-src | |
832 | $ cp gnu/lib/libg++/g++-include/values.h \ | |
833 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/include | |
834 | $ cp lib/libcurses/curses.h \ | |
835 | /applications/psim/powerpc-unknown-eabi/include | |
836 | ||
837 | $ cd .. | |
838 | ||
839 | ||
840 | ||
841 | o Build/install gcc | |
842 | ||
843 | $ cd .../scratch | |
844 | $ gunzip < gcc-2.7.2,tar.gz | tar xf - | |
845 | $ cd gcc-2.7.2 | |
846 | ||
847 | GCC and BSD (for PowerPC) have a conflicting type | |
848 | declaration. The patch below gets around this | |
849 | problem: | |
850 | ||
851 | $ gunzip < ../gcc-2.7.2+sys-types.diff.gz | patch | |
852 | ||
853 | Other than that, assuming the include files installed | |
854 | okay, the rest should be fine .... | |
855 | ||
856 | $ ./configure --target=powerpc-unknown-eabi \ | |
857 | --prefix=/applications/psim | |
858 | $ make CC=gcc | |
859 | $ make CC=gcc install | |
860 | $ cd .. | |
861 | $ rm -rf gcc-2.7.2 | |
862 | ||
863 | ||
864 | o Build/install the Berkeley library: | |
865 | ||
866 | $ cd .../scratch | |
867 | $ cd bsd-src/lib | |
868 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-make | |
869 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-make install | |
870 | $ cd ../.. | |
871 | ||
872 | If you encounter problems try the following: an include | |
873 | file not yet installed; a directory not yet created; | |
874 | running the hosts version of a program instead of a | |
875 | bsd version. | |
876 | ||
877 | o Build/run a simple BSD program | |
878 | ||
879 | $ cd .../scratch | |
880 | $ cd bsd-src/usr.bin/printenv | |
881 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-make | |
882 | $ powerpc-unknown-eabi-run printenv | |
883 | . | |
884 | . | |
885 | . | |
886 | ||
887 | ||
888 | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |